PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AT MILKFOOD, PATIALA.

Submitted by: Name : deepika sharma MBA 2nd sem

Submitted To: shubreet kaur Lecturer

Acknowledgement

I, Deepika Sharma ,

ou!d !ike to take this opportunity to ackno !ed"e the #act

that this pro$ect report has taken this shape because o# the untirin" support o# Mr% &% Mathur% 'Mana"er, personne! dept%( )urther, I am a!so thank#u! to the sta## and emp!oyees ho he!ped me in pro*idin" the use#u! in#ormation #or the pro$ect%

Deepik S! "m

T #le o$ Content%
+,ecuti*e summary Comp n& p"o$ile -romoters% Mana"ement% -hi!osophy )uture -roducts Business marketin"%% Ind'%t"i l p"o$ile Dairy industry in India% .b$ecti*e &esearch methodo!o"y Int"od'ction to pe"$o"m nce pp" i% l Importance -re appraisa! steps% Bene#its Steps &eason o# #ai!ure -o!icy -rocedure /onc!usion &ecommendation Limitations 0uestionnaire Bib!io"raphy

COMPAN( PROFILE

)ow Pen M "ket C! nged*

Fountain Pen:
Lewi% + te"m n patented the #irst practica! #ountain pen in ,--.% 3ritin" instruments desi"ned to carry their o n supp!y o# ink had e,isted in princip!e #or o*er one hundred years be#ore 3aterman4s patent% )or e,amp!e, the olde%t known $o'nt in pen t! t ! % %'"/i/ed today mode!s as desi"ned by a )renchmen named M. 0ion nd d ted ,123% 5o e*er, ear!y #ountain pen ere p!a"ued by ink spi!!s and other #ai!ures that !e#t them impractica! and hard to se!!% The #ountain pen4s desi"n came a#ter a thousand years o# usin" 6ui!!7pens% +ar!y in*entors obser*ed the apparent natura! ink reser*e #ound in the ho!!o channe! o# a bird4s #eather and tried to produce a simi!ar e##ect, ith a man7made pen that into the ink ou!d ho!d more ink and not re6uire constant dippin" as to add an air ho!e

e!!% 5o e*er, a #eather is not a pen, on!y a natura! ob$ect

modi#ied to suit man4s needs% Le is 3aterman4s idea in the nib and three "roo*es inside the #eed mechanism%

A mechanism is composed o# three main parts% The ni#, contact #!o

hich has the

ith the paper, the $eed or b!ack part under the nib contro!s the ink ritin" end protects the ink reser*oir interna!!y 'this is the part

#rom the reser*oir to the nib% The "o'nd # ""el that ho!ds the nib and

#eed on the

that you "rip hi!e ritin"(%

A!! pens contain an interna! reser*oir #or ink% The di##erent industry in ear!y 9:th century% There are nine standard nib7si;es, ob!i6ue and ita!ic%

ays that

reser*oirs #i!!ed pro*ed to be one o# the most competiti*e areas in the pen

ith three di##erent nib7tip cuts: strai"ht,

Ballpoint Pen:

A 5un"arian $ourna!ist named L %4lo 0i"o in*ented the #irst ba!!point pen in ,56-% Biro had noticed that the type o# ink used in ne spaper printin" dried 6uick!y, !ea*in" the paper dry and smud"e7#ree% 5e decided to create a pen usin" the same type o# ink% The thicker ink ou!d not #!o #rom a

<

re"u!ar pen nib and Biro had to de*ise a ne #ittin" his pen the paper% The British &oya! Air )orce needed a ne

type o# point% 5e did so by

ith a tiny ba!! bearin" in its tip% As the pen mo*ed a!on" the

paper, the ba!! rotated pickin" up ink #rom the ink cartrid"e and !ea*in" it on type o# pen, one that ou!d not

!eak at hi"her a!titudes in #i"hter p!anes as the #ountain pen did% Their success#u! per#ormance #or the Air )orce brou"ht the Biro pens into the !ime!i"ht% The hi"h!y popu!ar modern *ersion o# Las;!o Biro4s pen, the BI/ /rysta!, has a dai!y or!d ide sa!es #i"ure o# 92,===,=== pieces% Biro is sti!! the or!d% The Biro pens "eneric name used #or the ba!!point pen in most o# the i!! produce more than 2>,=== !inear #eet o# be#ore runnin" out o# ink% This is the chan"e in the use o# the Fo'nt in pen to 0 llpoint pen #urther e "ot introduced ho!d "ood% ith 7el pen% but sti!! the market o# the ba!!point pens

used by the British Air )orce in 3%3%II orked% -arker b!ack ba!!point pens ritin" 77 more than #i*e mi!es,

Gel Pen:
7e! -ens 9 p n:, ink in ,5-.% ere in*ented by the S k'" Colo" P"od'ct% Co"p. 8O% k , ho makes ?e! &o!! pens and as the company that in*ented "e!

Indi n M "ket o$ Pen

0a!! pens #orms the bi""est chunk o# the pen market in India and accounts #or @2 percent o# the tota! pen market #o!!o ed by "e! pen at 2> percent% The brand !eaders in this market are /e!!o, ?M pens and Ai"nesh ar%
@

Increasing penetration in FMCG retail stores boost the phenomenal growth of writing instruments with Ballpoint Pen takes a leading share in Indias pen market. Comment from ACNielsen ( or!d4s !eadin" marketin" in#ormation
pro*ider(

Pen market previously suffered from lack of organized information on the market size or market shares of various players, since most players are not listed companies and distribution was mostly limited to stationery stores,

Anmo! Sherpa 'Associate Director /!ient Ser*ices,

A/Nie!sen%(

Pens market in India recorded a value growth of 82%

Sur*ey done by the IndiaBs !eadin" market in#ormation pro*idin" company CA/Nie!sonB on pen market in year 2==<% They come to kno is a ratio o# @2D to 2> D #or ba!!point to "e! respecti*e!y% In urban areas about 9=%: !ac% o# stores are se!!in" pen, in the se!!in" year o# 2==87=< itse!# recorded a "ro th o# 21D. that ba!!point pen is sti!! a market !eader by ac6uirin" a !ar"e portion o# the market% There

E;pected E;p n%ion o$ T!e Indi n Pen M "ket

>

Indian pen manu#acturers see this se"ment as a potentia! one in the comin" years% Many ha*e set up a separate di*ision to hand!e this market se"ment, as the E#ree7"i#t7on7e*ery7purchase4 campai"n uncorked by )M/? companies is ac6uirin" a shri!! note% "We noticed this trend about two years ago and it has picked up since then. ast fiscal, our revenue from this segment was over !s "# crore of our total turnover of !s $# crore. %nd this fiscal, we e&pect it to almost touch the !s '#(crore mark." "We have set up an e&clusive division to handle such orders, as they re)uire personalized service. We estimate this market segment to grow to !s *## crore in the coming years," "+ow, ,ndian manufacturers are beginning to reach out to the overseas market. %fter -./s Poundland tied up with 0WP to have 0oday/s brand of pens in its chain of stores, we e&pect to e&port pens worth 1" million to -. in the current fiscal,"

Mr% &onnie Netto 'Director o# Today4s 3ritin" -roducts Ltd

'T3-L((

Another area that is openin" up #or Indian pen manu#acturers is the trend amon" o*erseas stationary companies to outsource their pen re6uirements #rom India% In 2==<, about 9=%: !ac stores across urban India take the product in stock at present hich represents a distribution "ro th o# 21 percent ithin a year 'Apri!=< o*er Au!yB=8(% The increased distribution has brou"ht about a phenomena! "ro th #or the pen market o# >2 percent in sa!es% The sa!es
:

peaked in the months o# )ebruary and March o in" to e,am season and touched ma,imum in the !ast e!e*en months% There is a consistent month7on7month "ro th in the ritin" instruments ide *ariety o# industry #ue!!ed by competiti*e pricin" and product inno*ation% Today, one can buy a ?e! pen #or rupees t o and can choose #rom a pens 7 ith easy "rip to ater7proo# ink% A!thou"h the ritin" instrument market is !ed by e!! kno n names !ike /e!!o, ?M '&eyno!ds(, Ainesh ar 'Monte,( etc% Sma!!er p!ayers such as Le,i, A"ni and +!kos #or e,amp!es ha*e a!so been ab!e to maintain their share on a re"iona! or se!ect pocket !e*e!%
Top Fi/e Pl &e"% < Pen% 80 ll = 7el: Leaders 9 2 1 2 8 /e!!o ?M -ens Ainesh ar 'Monte,( Linc ADD 2th 8th &ankin" 9st 2nd 1rd

The study a!so #inds out that Marker -ens is another se"ment that is "ro in" in Frban India% ?M tops the !ist hen it comes to marker pens #o!!o ed by Lu,or and Stic%

Most se"ments !ike 3hiteboard, /D Marker or -ermanent Marker ha*e sho n positi*e month on month *o!ume and *a!ue "ro th in Apri! B=<%

9=

Le ding +"iting In%t"'ment Comp n& o$ Indi

Joy of Writing

Int"od'ction o$ Comp n&:

/e!!o entered the #ie!d o# p!astic7mou!ded ba!!point pens in 9::2% 3ith $ust one mode! o# GCle " PenG% /e!!o stormed the market ?erman ink% A o##erin" c!ear #!o ho!e ne "eneration o# ith S iss tips and as born, hich ritin" imp!ements

and 6ua!ity o# the hi"hest standards% A "eneration

"re into Gripper, Gel, Maxwriter, Impact and many more and continued to spread into e,port markets !ike +urope, the Midd!e +ast, the )ar +ast, the F%S%A and &ussia%

99

7lo"io'% )i%to"&:
/e!!o is a !eadin" e,porter, supp!ier and manu#acturer o# Ba!! pens, ?e! pens and &e#i!!s% The company took its #irst step 18 years a"o as a !o enterprise that s!o !y and steadi!y "re p!astic industry o# India% In mid 9::87:<, /e!!o came into its o n by enterin" a di*ersi#ied H hi"h!y competiti*e #ie!d o# achie*ed immediate!y% )rom a turno*er o# &s% 2%@ crores in 9::87:< to a turno*er o# &s% 22= crores in 2==97=2, /3I/L has remained committed to ards pro*idin" a techno!o"y% )rom a modest production o# 2= !ac pens per month, /3I/L today produces 8== !ac pens per month% The /e!!o #actory has a tota! area o# 9, ==,=== s6% #eet H has stren"th o# 1=== orkers% 3ith a marketin" net ork o# 2= Super Stockiest, 9:== distributors and a pro#essiona!!y trained sa!es team o# o*er 1==, /e!!o mana"es to satis#y mi!!ions o# consumers in e*ery corner o# India% Today, /e!!o is ackno !ed"ed as a 6ua!ity brand in the urban and rura! markets o# India% In addition, it has been )ar +ast countries as e!!% e!! accepted by a ide ran"e o# corporate customers% /e!!o pens are a #a*ourite in the ?u!#, Midd!e +ast and ide ran"e o# *ersati!e, top7notch 6ua!ity, state7o#7the7art components and #orei"n ritin" instruments% 4/e!!o 3ritin" Instruments and as born and a notab!e "ro th rate as /ontainers Limited4'/3I/L( pro#i!e to be the indisputab!e !eader in the

92

3ith "!oba! acceptance and a team o# dedicated pro#essiona!s, /3I/L is ready to con6uer tomorro step #or ard% and !ead the Indian pen industry to take a "iant

De%igning = Tec!nolog&:
In>ection Mo'lding? 5i"h *o!umes are achie*ed by usin" the !atest po!ymeri;ation techno!o"y% The #inest mou!din" machines and mou!ds ensure e,ce!!ent 6ua!ity H c!arity in e*en the !ar"est *o!umes% T!e Tip? The tip is a uni6ue "eometric structure to "i*e com#ortab!e speedy ritin" ith e,act!y the ri"ht amount o# ink to produce ritin" o# hi"h co!or intensity% Based on a =%8mm ba!! o# Tun"sten /arbide rotatin" in a socket made o# specia!i;ed nicke! a!!oy to pre*ent systematic 6ua!ity monitorin" at e*ery sta"e 7el? Add to this the !atest techno!o"ies #rom Aapan, ra materia!s o# hi"hest 6ua!ity standard, Automatic #i!!in" machines ith sensin" de*ices #or 6ua!ity contro! and ater based pi"mented thick #!uid ink, hich hen a"itated becomes !ess *iscous #or com#ortab!e, smear #ree H endurin" ritin"% 0 ll Pen ink%? I# you not spend today ant to be in the or!d market tomorro , you must ear on the ba!!, seat H !ip ith

orkin"

ith yesterday4s ideas% The de*e!opment H

production o# hi"h "rade ba!! pens is a continua! task at /e!!o% A!! our ba!! pen inks are imported #rom ?ermany H Aapan additi*es hich enhance

the 6ua!ity in ba!! pen re#i!! production% These inks ha*e specia!i;ed hich pre*ent #rom "oo#in" "i*in" these specia!i;ed inks ha*e a she!# !i#e o# at !east t o years%

91

P"od'ct C t log'e:
This is a or!d here /e!!o +urope ensures that e*ery one o# our products or!d in hich uns er*in" trust is

personi#ies un6uestionab!e 6ua!ity% A

sustained and the hi"hest standards are maintained% A port#o!io o# 98 pens '"e! H ba!!point both(are !isted be!o :

Cello Platinum Gel

Cello Soft

Cello Pointec Gel Gel

Cello Flo-

Cello Alpha Gel Executive

Cello

Cello Xtra Gel Pronto

Cello

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Cello Techno Tip Optima

Cello

Cello Dokusoft Fine rip

Cello

Cello Gripper Cello

Cello Gripper ! "axriter

P"o$ile
Business Type +,port Turno*er /apita! in Do!!ars +,port -ercenta"e Import -ercenta"e -rimary /ompetiti*e Ad*anta"es Sa!es Jo!ume No o# Sta## Manu#acturer , +,porter IFSD 82 mi!!ion% IFSD 9= mi!!ion% 8D 98D Manu#acturin" o# around 2 mi!!ion pieces per day% A!! procedures !ike packin", tip manu#acturin" etc%, are in7 house% IFSD 82 mi!!ion% 2==%

98

Kear o# +stab!ishment +,port Markets Import Markets +6uipment

9::87:<% A#rica, +urope, South +ast Asia% +urope, Aapan, Lorea, America, /hina%

In*estment on Manu#acturin" IFSD :%< mi!!ion% Month!y -roduction /apacity 8= mi!!ion per month% /redit &ated -roduct &an"e No 3ritin" Instruments 'Ba!! pens, ?e! pens, &e#i!!s(, 5ouseho!d items, )urniture, Non stick /ook are, .ra! 5y"iene products% 3ebsite %ce!!o ritin"%com

Cello Pen% competito"% in Indi

?%M%-ens Internationa! -*t% Ltd% is the e,c!usi*e !icensee o# &eyno!ds, )rance, in India and the SAA&/ countries% 5ead6uartered in /hennai, ?%M%-ens has pioneered the internationa! 6ua!ity &eyno!ds% It !ike a ritin" instruments re*o!ution in the Indian market% /ommencin" operations in 9:><, ?%M%-ens introduced to India, ritin" instruments, and marketed them under the brand name commodity ti!! then% as a!so the #irst company to bui!d a brand in a cate"ory that beha*ed more

.*er the !ast 2= years, ?%M%-ens has in*ested substantia!!y in bui!din" a !ar"e manu#acturin" base ith #aci!ities in /hennai and -ondicherry% A state o# the art &HD #aci!ity, one o# the most sophisticated in the &eyno!ds #ami!y or!d ide, has ensured that the !atest in ritin" techno!o"y isa*ai!ab!e to the Indian consumers% ?%M%-ens o##ers the market% A *ariety o# idest ran"e o# ritin" instruments and accessories in the Indian

ritin" instruments inc!udin" ba!! pens, "e! pens, #ountain pens,

mechanica! penci!s, markers, handy boards and chi!drenBs co!ourin" pens that cater to consumers #rom the a"e "roup o# si, to si,ty are marketed under the brand name 9<

&eyno!ds% A continuous #ocus on consistent 6ua!ity and a constant endea*our to pro*ide 6ua!ity products at a##ordab!e prices ha*e ensured that &eyno!ds has been the numero uno in the Indian ritin" instruments market% A substantia! in*estment has a!so been made in estab!ishin" the &eyno!ds brand name throu"h the mass media, especia!!y throu"h te!e*ision and press ads, in an e##ort to con*ert the cate"ory #rom a commodity to a brand dominated one% The company4s products are a*ai!ab!e in three hundred thousand retai! out!ets across India co*ered throu"h a net ork consistin" o# 9>== redistribution stockists and 2@ main stockists% This is #aci!itated by a sa!es and marketin" team o# o*er 1== pro#essiona!s%

Startin" o## as the or!dBs !ar"est manu#acturer o# nibs, the company car*ed its niche in o##erin" a host o# 6ua!ity manu#acturin" accessories to assemb!in" under one roo#% Fnder the camaraderie o# Mr% &aman Aain, Monte, today is a #orce to reckon, product pro#i!e as *ersati!e and inno*ati*e% Monte, has been the #irst in India to introduce Transparent Ba!! -ens, Trendy )ountain -ens, -recision Tips, ?e! Ink -ens, &o!!er Ink -ens, Tank -ens, &ubber ?rip -ens and /o7mo!ded -ens% Monte, is reco"ni;ed as a pioneer in the Indian pen industry inno*ations to its credit% ith ith a ritin" instruments% Monte, became the on!y Indian company to ha*e e*erythin" #rom

In its endea*or to o##er the best, the company has combined the ad*anta"es o# its 9@

in#rastructure

ith the uni6ueness o# its ra

materia! Supp!yin" associates,

ho are

or!d7reno ned names in their respecti*e #ie!ds% The machineries used #or production are some o# the bi""est brands #rom S it;er!and and ?ermany% .ne up than a!! these is the thrust on re"u!ar updates in the #ie!d, and a!so consistent research and de*e!opment% The company has 1 state7o#7the7art manu#acturin" units, !ocated in the commercia! capita! o# India Mumbai, a!on" ith other prominent !ocations% Monte, is not on!y the most popu!ar brand in India, but a!so reco"ni;ed or!d o*er% Its products reach out to o*er 18 countries in the or!d, co*erin" a!most a!! the continents%

Esta#lishe$ in mi$ %&'s an$ foun$e$ #( "r) S)") *alan+ ,inc roup has over the past three $eca$es esta#lishe$ itself as one of the market lea$ers in the -ritin instrument in$ustr( of .n$ia) To$a(+ ,inc Pens / Plastics ,t$ 0,PP,1 #oasts of havin a pro$uct portfolio of over !&& S23s inclu$in stationer( e4uipment) .t offers a -i$e ran e of -ritin instruments from #all pens to el pens an$ markers to pencils) .ts pro$ucts are tar ete$ primaril( at the mass markets+ schools an$ offices) The 3SP of the compan( has #een 4ualit( pro$uct at reasona#le price i)e) value for mone( thru economicall( price$ pro$ucts -ith reat price-toperformance ratio) .t -as the first compan( to launch a el pen at 5s)6& -hen the prevailin price of other #ran$s -as over 5s)67) Su#se4uentl(+ it -as a ain the onl( one to intro$uce 78- 5s el pen+ -hich helpe$ the compan( to #e #ran$ lea$er in the el pen se ment an$ increase its market share consi$era#l() .nci$entall(+ it is also the sole marketer for premium international #ran$s like ,am(+ 3ni9all an$ 9ensia) ,am(+ is not onl( the market lea$er in German( #ut has also #ecome one of the reno-ne$ #ran$s for fountain pens+ #all point pens+ roller #all pens+ multi s(stem pens an$ mechanical pencils across the -orl$) On the other 3ni#all is the most popular #ran$ of "itsu#ishi+

9>

*apan an$ 9ensia is a -ell kno-n manufacturer of non-sharpenin pencils) The history o# ADD -ens Limited "oes back to 9:>@, hen a youn" "raduate #rom &a$asthan set up a modest manu#acturin" unit #or pens in Mumbai, M n kc! nd 9 in ith a production hat

capacity o# 9=== pensMday% This youn" man, M". ith his *ision and entrepreneuria! ski!!s !aid the #oundation o# is today kno n as ADD Co"po" tion Limited% )rom these humb!e be"innin"s, the company has "ro n into one o# India4s !eadin" manu#acturer o# 3ritin" Instruments% This phenomena! pro"ress has seen many !andmark moments o*er the years% &o!! -en ADD presents +o"ld@% Fi"%t Rolle" 0 ll Pen% Tech -en ADD Tech-en 7Technica!!y -er#ected #or Smoothest 3ritin" 3rites Sharp H /!ear Space a!ker ADD Space a!ker 7 )ascinatin" /!assic B!ack H /hrome combination% Le"acy -resentin" another $e e! in the cro n 7ADD Leg c&.

9:

2=

RESEARC)
MET)ODOLO7(

MET)ODOLO7(
I as "i*en a detai!ed brie#in" by my "uide ithout spoon #eedin" me as to ho I shou!d "o about my pro$ect% Initia!!y it appeared to me the ith simp!est sub$ectM#unction o# any 5& e,ecuti*es% 5o e*er, as I pro"ressed to turn the pa"es o# *arious documents #or my study, co!!ectin" data and interactin" orkers, super*isory sta## o# *arious departments o# MILL)..D, I #ound it not on!y to be time consumin" but interestin" and comp!e, sub$ect% I did approach my "uide #rom time to time #or "uidance and ent into minute detai!s o# 5& system%

29

I made concerned e##orts to app!y my theoretica! kno !ed"e and corre!ate it the pre*ai!in" system o# MILKFOOD.

ith

RESEARC)
-rocess o# searchin" the e,istin" #acts and #i"ures #or the purpose o# some speci#ied ob$ecti*e or the "ainin" more kno !ed"e about it ca!!ed research%

RESEARC) MET)ODOLO7(
It is a ay to systematica!!y so!*e the research prob!em% 3hen e ta!k o# research methodo!o"y hy e not on!y ta!k o# the research methods but a!so consider e use in the conte,t o# our research study and e,p!ain hy e are not usin" hether by the

!o"ic behind the methods

e are usin" a particu!ar method or techni6ue and

others so that research resu!ts are capab!e o# bein" e*a!uated researcher himse!# or by others%

)or the research study to be accepted in its !i"ht and spirit, the procurers #or conductin" it shou!d be *i*id!y e,pressed% The ho!e p!an shou!d be de#ined e##ecti*e!y so that the researcher can reason in #a*or o# some #actors and "o a"ainst some other% As there is a p!ethora o# statistica! techni6ues #or di##erent research study, so it is hi"h!y essentia! that the procedures and techni6ues to be app!ied shou!d be e,p!ained care#u!!y% Leepin" this in *ie been inc!uded in this report% It has been di*ided into #our parts:7 a( &esearch Desi"n b( Samp!e Desi"n
22

this section has

c( Data co!!ection sources and methods d( Date Ana!ysis -rocedures

A. Re%e "c! de%ign

A "e%e "c! de%ign i% t!e %peci$ic tion o$ met!od = p"oced'"e $o" cA'i"ing t!e in$o"m tion needed it i% t!e $" mewo"k, w!ic! dete"mine t!e co'"%e o$ ction tow "d% t!e collection nd n l&%i% o$ "eA'i"ed d t . T!i% $" mewo"k i% to en%'"e t! t t!e "ele/ nt d t "e collected nd it l%o implie% t! t it i% collected cc'" tel& in n economic l m nne". Since the present study is not bui!din" on any pre*ious study its nature has to be essentia!!y e,p!oratory% To the e,tent that the research had to be"in #actors hich !e*e!, the study as in some measure a!so casua!, at !east initia!!y% ith certain ere !ike!y to be in#!uentia! to determinin" retai!ers satis#action

0. S mple de%ign
An ide ll& %elected % mple "ep"e%ent% t!e w!ole 'ni/e"%e. T!e #igge" t!e %i4e o$ % mple, t!e mo"e "ep"e%ent ti/e it i% likel& to #e. 0't, #ot! time nd % mple %!o'ld ne/e" #e too #ig % to mone& "e t!e m >o" con%t" int%. T!'%, $ollowing %pect% "e !ig!lig!ted? N Determination o# samp!e unit N Determination o# samp!e techni6ue 9% Samp!e unit In the present study, samp!e o#Ot entyO respondent is taken into consideration%

#e 'n<m n ge #le no" too %m ll to lo%e it% "ep"e%ent tion. In % mple de%ign,

21

2% Samp!e Techni6ue% There are t o main cate"ories o# samp!in" techni6ues name!y: -robabi!ity samp!in" and Non7probabi!ity samp!in"% In probabi!ity samp!in" each e!ement o# the popu!ation has kno n non7;ero chances o# bein" se!ected in the samp!e non7probabi!ity samp!in" in*o!*es persona! $ud"ment% )or the present study the techni6ues o# con*enient samp!in" i%e% non probabi!ity samp!in" is used% A due consideration shou!d be "i*en to the data co!!ection so that the conc!usion comes out to be accurate% hi!e

C. D t collection %o'"ce% = met!od%

There can be two t&pe% o# data: B P"im "& d t 7 It is co!!ected #resh #or a speci#ic -urpose or a speci#ic pro$ect and this data do not occur in any o!d records% B Second "& d t 7It is co!!ected #rom a!ready e,istin" sources !ike pub!ished materia!s, records etc% P"im "& d t %o'"ce P 0uestionnaires P -ersona! inter*ie C'e%tionn i"e met!od

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In this method 6uestions

ere asked #rom the respondents to #i!! up the

6uestionnaire, hich most!y has open7ended 6uestions% Pe"%on l Inte"/iew Met!od In this method persona! inter*ie s are conducted in order to co!!ect re6uired in#ormation% Second "& d t %o'"ce% P -re*ious reports o# the company P Internet

D. D t

n l&%i%
as tabu!ated, ana!y;ed H in#erences ere dra n to interpret the

It inc!udes con*ertin" o# recorded obser*ation into descripti*e statements% The co!!ected data resu!ts%

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INTRODDCTION TO PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

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INTRODDCTION TO PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

-er#ormance appraisa! is method o# e*a!uatin" the beha*iour o# emp!oyees at the ork spot, norma!!y inc!udin" both the 6uantitati*e and 6ua!itati*e aspects o# $ob per#ormance% It is a systematic and ob$ecti*e communicatin" to an emp!oyee ho estab!ishin" a p!an o# impro*ement% ay o# e*a!uatin" both ork7re!ated beha*iour and potentia! o# emp!oyees% It is a process that in*o!*es determinin" and he or she is per#ormin" the $ob and idea!!y,

IMPORTANCE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

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The importance or uti!ity o# emp!oyee per#ormance appraisa!

ithin an

or"ani;ation is rea!!y *ery "reat% Some p!ans o# e*a!uatin" per#ormance must be used% The p!ans "o by such names as merit ratin", ser*ice appraisa!, pro"ress ratin"s per#ormance, merit e*a!uation etc% These p!ans ser*er as basis #or counse!in" emp!oyees about their stren"th and eaknesses or #or impro*in" or #or impro*in" there producti*e e##iciency and super*isory emp!oyee re!ations, they ha*e many other uses such as in trainin", compensation and hand!in" "rie*ance and discip!inary cases% +*a!uation o# emp!oyee is, there#ore app!ied #orma!!y or in#orma!!y to a!! emp!oyees7operati*es, technica!, pro#essiona! and e,ecuti*e% A ?ood ratin" pro"ram shou!d encompass a!! !e*e!s and cate"ories o# emp!oyees%

PRE<APPRASIAL STEPS
The per#ormance e*a!uation can be made #or *ariety o# reasons counse!in", promotions, sa!ary increases, administration or combination o# these% It becomes *ery necessary to be"in by statin" the ob$ecti*es o# e*a!uation pro"rams *ery c!ear!y and precise!y% The persona! appraisa! system shou!d address the 6uestion ho, hat, ho o# per#ormance appraisa!% These 6uestions are the components o# these appraisa! systems hich are discussed be!o indi*idua!!y

E+)OE OF T)E APPRAISAL OR E+)OE IS TO RATE

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The immediate superior, the head o# the department or any other can rate the per#ormance o# an indi*idua!% In addition to this, sum or"ani;ations #o!!o senior, peers and subordinates, can do appraisa!, immediate superior the system o# se!# appraisa! andMor appraisa! by peers% A "roup, consistin" o# his hoe*er is ratin"Q he shou!d be trained and impartia!% In most o# the or"ani;ations the ratin"s is done by his ho is considered the best person to understand his eaknesses% No a day some or"ani;ations are subordinates stren"ths and

#o!!o in" the method o# se!#7appraisa!%

T)E E+)ATE OF APPRAISAL

It is considered ith P /reatin" and maintainin" a satis#actory !e*e! o# per#ormance o# emp!oyees in their present $ob% P 5i"h!i"htin" emp!oyeeBs needs and opportunities o# #or persona! "ro th and de*e!opment% P Aidin" in decision makin" #or promotions, trans#ers, !ayo## and dischar"es% P -romotin" understandin" bet een super*isors and his subordinates% P -ro*idin" a use#u! criterion #or determinin" the *a!idity o# se!ections and trainin" methods #or attractin" indi*idua!s o# hi"her ca!iber to the or"ani;ation

T)E E+)ENE OF APPRAISAL

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The B henB ans ers the 6uery the #re6uency o# appraisa!% The in#orma! counse!in" shou!d occur continuous!y but the mana"er shou!d discuss an emp!oyeeBs use poor ork as he "ets an opportunity to pro*ide positi*e rein#orcement and ork as basis o# trainin"% The time and period o# appraisa! di##ers

accordin" to the need and nature o# the or"ani;ation%

T)E E+)EREE OF APPRAISAL

The here indicates the !ocation here emp!oyee shou!d be e*a!uatedR It is

usua!!y done at ork p!ace or o##ice o# the super*isor%

T)E E)O+E OF APPRAISAL

Fnder this, the or"ani;ation must decide a*ai!ab!e and hat di##erent kinds o# methods are

hich o# these may be used #or per#ormance appraisa!% .n the basis

o# comparati*e ad*anta"es and disad*anta"es, the nature and phi!osophy o# mana"ement and the needs o# an or"ani;ation, the method o# appraisa! is decided%

0ENEFITS OF APPRAISAL S(STEM

0ene$it% to t!e pp" i%e" P Impro*ed per#ormance o# indi*idua! and department P Impro*ed re!ationship P Identi#ication o# sta## eakness P Identi#ication o# e,istin" prob!em P Identi#ication o# departmenta! trainin" needs
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P Identi#ication o# indi*idua! trainin" needs P Identi#ication o# potentia! P Identi#ication o# o n stren"th and eaknesses P )ind out areas in hich de!e"ation is to be increased P Increased opportunity to communicate companyBs ob$ecti*e

0ENEFITS TO T)E APPRAISER

P .pportunity to e,press o n *ie s P .pportunity to #ind about o n stren"ths and eaknesses P )ind out the areas in hich to increase the de!e"ation P Increased opportunity to praise and conduct P To demonstrate o n mana"eria! ski!!s

0ENEFITS TO T)E OR7ANISATION

P Impro*ed per#ormance o# indi*idua!s P Impro*ed per#ormance o# department P Impro*ed pro#itabi!ity and e##iciency P Impro*ed 6ua!ity o# production P More re!iab!e companies trainin" needs P Increased abi!ity to e*a!uate *a!ue o# trainin" pro*ided

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P Ja!id in#ormation re!atin" to !abour turno*er P More accurate assessment o# potentia! indi*idua!s and department P Ab!e to adopt the short terms needs P Ab!e to p!an H ad$ust sa!ary sca!es here appropriate

STEPS IN PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

9( +stab!ish per#ormance standards% 2( /ommunication o# per#ormance standards to the emp!oyees% 1( Measurement o# actua! per#ormance% 2( /ompare actua! per#ormance ith standard% 8( Discuss the appraisa! ith emp!oyees% <( I# necessary, take correcti*e action%

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REASON FOR T)E FAILDRE OF PERFORMANCE APPRASIAL

P AppraiserBs !ack o# in#ormation containin" an emp!oyeeBs actua! per#ormance P Standards by hich to e*a!uate an emp!oyeeBs per#ormance are unc!ear% P Appraiser does not take the appraisa! serious!y% P Appraiser is not serious durin" e*a!uation% P Appraiser !acks appraisa! ski!!s% P +mp!oyee does not recei*e on "oin" per#ormance #eedback% P Insu##icient resources are pro*ided to re ard per#ormance% P Appraiser uses unc!earMambi"uous !an"ua"e in e*a!uatin" process%

)O+ TO AFIOD T)E APPRAISAL PRO0LEMS

There are ays to minimi;e the impact o# appraisa! prob!ems such as bias and

centra! tendency% 9%( Be sure to be #ami!iar ith the prob!ems as $ust discussed% 2%( /hoose the ri"ht appraisa! too!% +ach too! such as the "raphic ratin" sca!e or critica! incidence method has its o n ad*anta"es H disad*anta"es%

MAIN COMPONENTS OF T)E PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL S(STEM

P Impro*ed per#ormance o# indi*idua!s

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P Impro*ed per#ormance o# department P Impro*ed pro#itabi!ity and e##iciency P Impro*ed 6ua!ity o# production P More re!iab!e companies trainin" needs P Increased abi!ity to e*a!uate *a!ue o# trainin" pro*ided P Ja!id in#ormation re!atin" to !abour turno*er P More accurate assessment o# potentia! indi*idua!s and department P Ab!e to adopt the short terms needs P Ab!e to p!an H ad$ust sa!ary sca!es here appropriate

In o"de" to meet t!e o#>ecti/e% t!e $ollowing component% co'ld $o"m p "t o$ pe"$o"m nce pp" i% l %&%tem.
9% Identi#ication o# key per#ormance areas% 2% Settin" the "oa!s or ob$ecti*es under each key per#ormance areas e*ery year #or the ne,t year% 1% Identi#ication o# beha*iora! dimensions those are critica! #or mana"eria! e##ecti*eness% 2% -eriodic re*ie o# per#ormance ob$ecti*es H beha*iora! dimensions on a ratin" sca!e% 8% Ana!ysis o# per#ormance by identi#yin" #aci!itatin" H inhibitin" #actors in per#ormance% <% A #orma! per#ormance re*ie H discussion at a con*enient H #aci!itati*e period bet een the emp!oyee and his reportin" o##icers%

POLICY
A 3e!! de#ined appraisa! po!icy e,ists in MILL)..D, #or both the sta##% orkers H

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The ob$ecti*es ha*e been de#ined and the set ob$ecti*es are:7 To o*erhau! and impro*ise the e,istin" personne! po!icies and practices o# the company, ith the personne! po!icies and practices o# the company, ith personne! department as the critica! initiatin" and coordinatin" #actor, the heads o# the department as the e,ecutin" #orces, and the top mana"ement as the spirit% The second board ob$ecti*e o# the document is to introduce *a!ue orientation in the company ith the heads o# department bein" the key incu!catin" #orces o# such *a!ues in their respecti*e departments, so that the company, as a ho!e becomes an e##ecti*e, producti*e as e!! as humane or"ani;ation%

PROCEDDRE
P -eriodicity o# appraisa! #or orkers% P The per#ormance appraisa! #rom P The appraisa! be!o department% P +,ecuti*e director i!! be appraisin" the top cate"ory% P The ob$ecti*e and e,pectations shou!d be c!ear!y de#ined in the be"innin" o# the year and e!! communicated to the appraisee% P The per#ormance is based on #actor ana!ysis and appraises has to se!ect the best suited in #ront o# each anchor 'acti*ity( accordin" to the per#ormance o# the appraisa! based on the ob$ecti*e determined and norms set by the company% P )or o##icer and abo*e appraisa! has to #i!! critica! incident #orm% This #orm be retained by the appraisa! and he i!! i!! make nothin" o# e,tra ordinary i!! be maintained by personne! department i!! be done by heads o# the and it i!! be responsib!e #or sendin" and co!!ectin" it time!y% second !ine in command i!! be ha!# year!y #or a!! cate"ories o# sta## and annua!

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per#ormance and not unto mark round the year% 5e P 5eads o# the department P Appraisa! inter*ie appraisa! inter*ie e##ecti*e!y%

i!! make the he!p o# this data

durin" appraisin" the appraise and hi!e conductin" the appraisa! inter*ie % i!! be sendin" critica! incident #rom o# second !ine in i!! be conducted by the immediate command du!y #u!#i!!ed to e,ecuti*e director #or his re#erence% #or o##icers and abo*e ou!d "o a !on" appraiserMsuperior and #eedback is to be "i*en on their per#ormance% Such ay in moti*atin" the subordinates

P -eriodic trainin" is to be "i*en to appraiser on appraisin" techni6ues orientation session are conducted #or #irst !ine and second !ine #or the #o!!o in" purpose:7 a( 5o to #i!! in initia! incident method #orm% b( 5o to app!yMadminister the appraisa! #orm, recordin" t ice a year% c( 5o to conduct appraisa! inter*ie ith the concerned subordinatesMappraisees% P The persona! department 9% Increments 2% -romotion 1% Trainin" 2% Trans#er 8% /ounse!in" <% Stoppa"e o# increments @% Stoppa"e o# promotions >% Termination :% Any other i!!s ana!ysis the appraisa! data submit is recommendation #or necessary action as be!o %

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CONCLDSION
The area o# per#ormance is so ide in e,hausti*e that there is a! ays a scope #or e,perimentation, remuneration and de*e!opment o# ne systems% -er#ormance Appraisa! po!icy o# e*a!uatin" an emp!oyeeBs per#ormance on the $ob in terms o# its re6uirements #or hich he is emp!oyed%

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RECOMMENDATIONS
P Appraisa! system shou!d be c!ear!y discussed ith the appraisee% P +mp!oyees shou!d be to!d about the !on"7term strate"y o# the or"ani;ation% P -arameters o# per#ormance Appraisa! shou!d be c!ear!y de#ined% P Specia! marks shou!d be "i*en to those emp!oyees su""estion to the or"ani;ation% P &atin"s shou!d be communicated to a!! the emp!oyees in a proper manner% P Trainin" system shou!d be impro*ed% The recommendation is based on the #indin"s and obser*ation recei*ed durin" the sur*ey% ho "i*e meanin"#u!

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LIMITATIONS
The study on this pro$ect has been done ith #u!! e##orts on utmost care there may hich the #indin"s ha*e been some !imitations beyond human contro! because o# and conc!usion o# this study may not be 9==D accurate% 9% )irst !imitation o# the study time duration cou!d be done% 2% &esponses #rom respondents may be di##erent #rom actua! #acts that the respondents may not ha*e re*ea!% 1% Ana!ysis interpretations and conc!usion dra n out o# the #indin"s may be sub$ect to error due to indi##erences in human perception inte!!i"ence% 2% As the study as conducted on!y in a particu!ar or"ani;ation there#ore resu!ts e*o!*in" out may not be true #or other or"ani;ations% 8% &espondents mi"ht ha*e not disc!osed their actua! *ie s in order to maintain secrecy% as the scarcity o# the time resource because ork% 5ence on!y !imited sur*ey as *ery short #or such a pro$ect

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<% Data may ha*e been authentic at the time o# data co!!ection but mayor may not be the same at the time o# #uture re#erence%

CDESTIONNAIRE
PART ,. Emplo&ee%G pe"%on l in$o"m tion Name Desi"nation +ducationa! 6ua!i#ication A"e "roup No% o# years ith the company

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PART 3. Emplo&ee%G knowledge "eg "ding o"g ni4 tion l policie% 0 9% Is your ro!e c!ear!y de#inedR 'a( K+S 'b( N. 'c( -A&TIALLK D+)IN+D

0 2% Are you a are o# the !on"7term strate"y o# your or"ani;ationR

'a( K+S

'b( N.

'c( -A&TIALLK D+)IN+D

0 1% Are you a are o# the appraisa! systemR 'a( K+S 'b( N. 'c( -A&TIALLK D+)IN+D

0 2% Number o# promotions you ha*e had since $oinin"R

0 8% Do you kno your ratin"sR 'a( ALL 'b( A)+3 'c( N.N+

0 <% I# you kno , hat is your !atest ratin"R PART 6. Emplo&ee%G gene" l ttit'de tow "d% pe"$o"m nce pp" i% l C 09% Do you think ratin"s are "enuine and correctR 'a( K+S 'a( K+S 'b( N. 'b( N. 02% Are you satis#ied ith the appraisa! systemR 01% I# yes, does it moti*ate you to ork betterR
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'a( K+S 'a( K+S

'b( N. 'b( N.

02% In your opinion, the parameters are ade6uate or notR 08% I# no, then hat parameters you ou!d !ike to add or de!eteR 0<% Are you "i*en ade6uate trainin" to impro*e your per#ormanceR 'a( K+S 'b( N. 0@% In your opinion does the per#ormance appraisa! system he!p to de*e!op a better understandin" bet een the senior and the subordinateR 'a( K+S 'b( N.

PART .. Emplo&ee%G gene" l ttit'de tow "d% %t"'ct'"e o$ pe"$o"m nce pp" i% l 0 9% In your opinion hat is the ri"ht !ocation here an emp!oyee may be educatedMad*isedMcounse!ed by the bossR 'a( -LA/+ .) 3.&L 'i%e% in the presence 'b( .# peersMsubordinates 'c( B.T5 .))I/+ 0 2% I# none is the option hat method your boss shou!d #o!!o to con*ey your "ood and bad points% 0 1% In your opinion hat is the e,act ro!e o# appraisa! e,ercise R #( "( h( i( $( ID+NTI)I/ATI.N .) T&AININ? N++DS -&.M.TI.N T&ANS)+& A.B &.TATI.N ALL T5+ AB.J+
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0 2% In your opinion hat shou!d be the time "ap bet een t o Appraisa!sR e( < month #( "( h( 9 years 9%8 years 2 years

0I0LIO7RAP)(

H Pe"%onnel M n gement H Pe"%onnel m n gement H )'m n "e%o'"ce M n gement www.google.com

< Memo"i C.0. < FLIPPO < C. 0. 7DPTA

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