SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

Submitted by Gaurav Kispotta(10CS029)
11/30/2013

Subject: Software Architecture [ 09CS72 ] Session: 2013-2014 Semester: 7th B.E.(CSE) Section: A

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

This project deals with the installation of Li-Fi in the college campus for fast data transmission and also has various benefits as low installation cost and conserves energy along with illuminating the surroundings and works fine even during day light. The high speed data are sent over the by the special LED light bulb which act as a transmitter. The receiving device receives the data by a special receiver. Li-Fi uses the visible light as a transmission medium.

F IGURE 1 DATA TRANSMISSION FROM SOURCE TO DESTINATION BY VISIBLE LIGHT AS

MEDIUM

We have Wi-Fi hotspots at school, colleges, home, coffee houses, hotels, airports and even cities and the Wi-Fi network system is constantly expanding. Due to this, Radio spectrum is getting congested day by day and demand for wireless data is increasing exponentially every year. Everyone wants to use wireless data but capacity is reducing day by day. Wireless radio frequencies

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

are getting higher, complexities are increasing and RF (Radio Frequency) interferences continue to grow.

In order to overcome this problem in future, light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology came into existence since 2011. Li-Fi is a wireless communication system in which light is used as a carrier signal instead of traditional radio frequency as in Wi-Fi. Li-Fi is a technology that uses light emitting diodes to transmit data wirelessly. Visible light communication (VLC) uses rapid pulses of light to transmit information wirelessly that cannot be detected by human eye.

F IGURE 2 D EVICES USED IN VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

With this technology of Li-Fi we could connect every device which was earlier connected via Wi-Fi and stream huge amount of data. This will fulfill the huge data requirement in the future. The Figure 3 displays the Li-Fi in action.

F IGURE 3 LI-F I IN ACTION

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION
1. Functional Requirement a. The Li-Fi transfers a huge amount of data in terms of GBs, about 1GBps. From recent research conducted they transmitted 3GBps. b. When a receiver device is focused to a particular Li-Fi transmitter it continuously transmits the data until the receiver gets out of focus. c. If a receiver device gets out focus of a particular Li-Fi transmitter (i.e. the special LED bulbs) then the receiver device is reconnected to the other Li-Fi transmitter available in the surroundings. Since this is a high-speed network, reconnection happens within fractions of seconds. d. The network bandwidth is smartly distributed to regions where high bandwidth are needed and also to the regions where low bandwidths may be available. 2. Business Qualities a. Economical: The Li-Fi transmitter consist of LED which are easily available in the market and also they are cheaper, these LEDs are combined to a particular transmitter controller whose manufacturing cost is less as compared to Wi-Fi routers. b. Maintainability: The life cycle of LEDs are long if no power fluctuation occurs. The transmitters combined to these LEDs are also manufactured to last long, but in any case the Li-Fi transmitter fails it can be easily replaced with a new one within very short time.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

c. Less Power Consumption: Since, LEDs are already uses low power consumption thus the transmitter combined to these LEDs also consumes less power. d. Integrity with legacy: The LED bulbs can work along with the old bulbs as well; hence we can install LEDs according to our requirement. 3. Qualities discussed later in this report.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

STAKE HOLDERS
The stake holders for Li-Fi are as follows: 1. End User Stake Holder The End User experiences a very high speed data streaming network with almost 1GBps speed. That allows the End User to stream the HD videos as well. 2. Administrator Stake Holder The administrator can smartly mange the bandwidth of the network to places where is the most requirement. 3. Maintenance Stakeholder Maintaining Li-Fi is more easily as compared to Wi-Fi the Maintenance Stakeholder can replace each defected transmitting component within few minutes and restore the network. 4. Customer Stakeholder Privacy is provide by non-penetrating nature of the Li-Fi, along with this if the user wants to access data communication without actually illuminating the LED bulbs they can do this by dimming the LED lamps most preferred during night time when the customer is sleeping. The data speed remains the same while dimming the LEDs. 5. Developing Organizations Management Stakeholder LEDs are low cost and can be easily manufactured and in a large amount, thus the developing organization may make long term investment in LiFi. This provides reliability on customer for Li-Fi and its services.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

ARCHITECTURE OF LI-FI
The architecture of Li-Fi contains the main component, the LED Lamp i.e. the transmitter and the Photo-Detector i.e. the receiver.

F IGURE 4: THE ARCHITECTURE OF LI-F I

The data stream from the Internet or local Server are combined and known as the Streaming Content which is fed to the Lamp Driver which merges the digital signals to the electric signals that flows through the electric lines. These electric signals are received by the LED Lamp which illuminates the LED Lamp as well the signals received by the LEDs transmitter and transmitted through the light medium by frequently switching on and off of the LEDs which cannot be noticed by the human eyes. The Receiver Dongle contains the Photo-Detector that detects these numbers of switching of LEDs on and off and converts them to Digital Signals which is

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

then further Amplified and Processed and sent to Received App Data stream to the Destination system. With the help of Power Button we can manage the Li-Fi when not needed by dimming or completely switching it off.

JUSTIFICATION OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

The above mentioned architecture is justified as follows: 1. The main benefit is that architecture of Li-Fi is simple and this architecture can be implemented easily and effectively. 2. This architecture is much more portable since the transmission signals are sent to the LED transmitter via already available electric cables. 3. This Li-Fi can be easily turned on and off without harming or creating any ripple effect to other components. 4. This architecture can easily convert and transmit the data streams in the Receiver-Dongle with fewer components required.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

QUALITIES
1. Availability: Since the traditional light bulbs works day and night to illuminate the surroundings and works continuously hence data transmission through these are also continuous. This network is robust in nature, if in any of these special LED bulbs any fault occurs then replacing these special LED bulbs is much easier and the network is recovered easily within few minutes.

2. Performance: This new data communication network via Li-Fi provides a very high speed network speed as compared to the already existing Wi-Fi networks about 150 MBps. The speed may be about 1GBps or more in future. There is no case of latency or jitter of data streams and also the throughput is very high.

3. Security: Li-Fi are less prone to attack or threat as they an available to a particular region and does not penetrate walls so the user of Li-Fi may better secure their networks. Since the LEDs are focused to particular region so confidentiality can be maintained by further encrypting the data streams. 4. Modifiability: Since the traditional light bulbs are already available everywhere, these just need to be replaced by the special LED bulbs and then connect it to the network stream.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

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5. Testability: Fault in Li-Fi can be easily detected if the LED bulb is not glowing or no data is receiving by a particular bulb by its grid number and then that particular LED bulb is replaced. 6. Usability Li-Fi is easy to use as the user just need to connect to the dongle and then connect to Li-Fi network and the data stream flows. This Li-Fi can also be used in day light since the receiver detects only the transmitted light signals and ignores the sun rays.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

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TACTICS USED FOR SOLVING QUALITIES

AVAILABILITY
Fault Detection 1. LED bulb not glowing: If the LED bulb itself is not glowing then we detect a fault in that particular bulb and replace it. 2. Speed Test/Check the LED grid: If the speed of the Li-Fi reduces then we could detect from the LED grid that which all are not transmitting the data stream. 3. Always dim light: Then we could conclude that there is some low power issue. 4. LEDs not glowing at all: When there is no power supply to the LEDs. Fault Recovery Replace the defected LED bulb. Fault Prevention By providing fluctuation-less power supply.

PERFORMANCE
Low Performance Detection When the speed is not as it is about to be i.e. much below 1GBps, and the power consumption is higher. The data stream gets blocked and takes longer time to transmit. Low Performance Recovery Check the LED grid for any power issue, or data getting lost. Develop better algorithm to efficiently distribute the network load. Low Performance Prevention Either connect to other Li-Fi or replace the LED bulbs or check for any connectivity issue. Reserve few LEDs for transmitting during performance degrade.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

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SECURITY
Threat Detected Rarely may occur, but if any threat occurs then it can be detected by the bandwidth used and listing the connected device. Threat Recovery To recover from this threat the Li-Fi may be restarted or switched off immediately. Threat Prevention To switch off the data transmission mode when not using and only switch on transmission mode when required.

MODIFIABILITY
Preventing Ripple Effect To prevent ripple effect the LEDs should support other new version LEDs.

TESTABILITY
Manage Input / Output Record/Playback: The data stream can also be used to check the input the test during normal and performance degradation operations. Separate interface from implementation: The Li-Fi works well is the LEDs are stubbed during the runtime of Li-Fi, the Li-Fi smartly distribute the network load on the newly stubbed LEDs. Specialize access routes/interface: The testing of Li-Fi can be easily be done by sending a particular metadata that contains the health data of the LED grid nodes and by which we could continuously monitor the Li-Fi networks. Internal Monitoring Built-in monitors: Special monitors could be included at every node of the LED grid which monitors the power supply as well as the transmission signals.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]

Project Status Report for Implementation of Li-Fi within Campus.

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USABILITY
Runtime Tactics 1. Maintain a model of the task: The Li-Fi maintains a model of what the users are accessing and what amount of bandwidth is required to a particular user. 2. Maintain a model of user: The Li-Fi should keep record for particular user device and its network bandwidth user so as to allow them a speed service. 3. Maintain a model of system: The Li-Fi could main a model that keeps record of the failure happened during time and how it smartly distribute the bandwidth.

Gaurav Kispotta[10CS029]