Active and Passive Sentences A sentence is written in active voice when the subject of the sentence performs the

action in the sentence. e.g. The girl was washing the dog. A sentence is written in passive voice when the subject of the sentence has an action done to it by someone or something else. e.g. The dog was being washed by the girl. Task One Copy out each of these sentences and then write whether it is in active or passive voice. (Hint: In these sentences look for the person who is carrying out the action).

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Mark was eating an apple. The picture was painted by Bob. Tina opened the present. The phone was being used by Mr Thomas. The card was made by Fred. James hit the tree with his stick. The man jumped off the step. Daniel was watching the birds.

Task Two Copy out each of these sentences and then write whether it is in active or passive voice.

1. The key was used to open the door. 2. The crisp packet was thrown away. 3. James couldnt see the man. 4. The boy picked up the coin. 5. The egg was laid by the bird. 6. Susan found her car keys. 7. The policeman chased after Fred. ***Think carefully about this one*** 8. The car was fixed. ***Think carefully about this one*** 9. The pencil had been lost. ***Think carefully about this one*** 10. Mark was given a warning. ***Think carefully about this one***
Task Three These are all written in passive voice. Change each sentence into active voice.

1. The football was kicked by Luke.

2. 3. 4. 5.

The knife was left on the table by Julie. The milk had been knocked over by a cat. The car had been driven into a wall by a naughty child. The windows had been washed. ***Think carefully about this one***

Task Four

These are all written in active voice. Change each sentence into passive voice. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
The actors had performed the play by Shakespeare. A stone smashed the window. The boys pushed the tree over. James climbed the ladder. Sam baked a big cake. Fred told Johnny a lie. ***Think carefully about this one***

Extension

Find examples of sentences written in passive voice in your reading book and the books in the class library. Can you change each of the sentences into active voice?

Active and Passive Voice

By SWARA BHASKARA on May 27, 2009 17:1265 Comments

Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya. Contoh : Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months Dari contoh ini dapat kita lihat bahwa: 1. Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject dari passive voice 2. Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari passive voice. Perhatikan pula bahwa terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun we menjadi object pronoun us. 3. Verb1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb3 (fertilized) pada passive voice. 4. Ditambahkannya be is di depan verb3. Be yang digunakan adalah tergantung pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola passive voice di bawah). 5. Ditambahkannya kata by di belakang verb3. Namun, jika object dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui, maka object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata by. 6. Khusus untuk kalimat-kalimat progressive (present, past, past perfect, future, past future, dan past future perfect continuous, perlu menambahkan being di depan verb3). Kalau tidak ditambahkan being, tensisnya akan berubah, bukan progressive/continuous lagi. Perhatikan contoh -contoh pada poin h o di bawah. Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut: Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier

Pola active dan passive voice pada tiap tensis

a. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are. Contoh: Active : He meets them everyday. Passive : They are met by him everyday. Active : She waters this plant every two days. Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days. b. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah was atau were Contoh: Active : He met them yesterday Passive : They were met by him yesterday Active : She watered this plant this morning Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning c. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi has been atau have been Contoh: Active : He has met them Passive : They have been met by him Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes. Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

d. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been Contoh: Active : He had met them before I came. Passive : They had been met by him before I came. Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here e. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah be Contoh: Active : He will meet them tomorrow. Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow. Active : She will water this plant this afternoon. Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon. Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week. f. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi will have been Contoh: Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow. Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow. Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon. Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon. g. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi would have been. Contoh: Active : He would have met them. Passive : They would have been met by him. Active : She would have watered this plant. Passive : This plant would have been watered by her. h. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atauare) + being. Contoh: Active : He is meeting them now. Passive : They are being met by him now. Active : She is watering this plant now. Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.

i. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being. Contoh: Active : He was meeting them. Passive : They were being met by him. Active : She was watering this plant. Passive : This plant was being watered by her. j. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being. Contoh:

Active : He has been meeting them. Passive : They have been being met by him.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Active : She has been watering this plant. Passive : This plant has been being watered by her. k. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah had been + being. Contoh: Active : He had been meeting them. Passive : They had been being met by him. Active : She had been watering this plant. Passive : This plant had been being watered by her. l. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah will be + being. Contoh: Active : He will be meeting them. Passive : They will be being met by him. Active : She will be watering this plant. Passive : This plant will be being watered by her. m. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah would be + being. Contoh: Active : He would be meeting them. Passive : They would be being met by him. Active : She would be watering this plant. Passive : This plant would be being watered by her. n. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being. Contoh: Active : He will have been meeting them. Passive : They will have been being met by him. Active : She will have been watering this plant. Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her. o. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalahwould have been + being. Contoh: Active : He would be meeting them. Passive : They would be being met by him. Active : She would be watering this plant. Passive : This plant would be being watered by her. Contoh-contoh yang lain: Kokos nose is bleeding. He was punched by his friend right on his nose. (Hidung Koko sedang berdarah. Dia dipukul oleh temannya tepat di hidungnya). The Indonesian football team was beaten by the Saudi Arabian team. (Team sepakbola Indonesia dikalahkan oleh team arab Saudi). These plants were watered by my sister a few minutes ago. (Tanaman-tanaman ini disirami oleh adikku beberapa menit yang lalu). There is no meal left. All has been devoured by Yeyes. (Tidak ada makan yang tersisa. Semuanya telah dilahap habis oleh Yeyes). English is studied by all high school students. (Bahasa Inggris dipelajari oleh semua murid sekolah menengah lanjutan (SMP dan SMA)