Scatter Plots

Section Overview Viewing Signals Using Scatter Plots

Section Overview
A scatter plot of a signal shows the signal's value at a given decision point. In the best case, the decision point should be at the time when the e e of the signal's e e diagram is the most widel open. !o produce a scatter plot from a signal, use commscope.ScatterPlot. Scatter plots are often used to visuali"e the signal constellation associated with digital modulation. #or more information, see Plotting Signal $onstellations. A scatter plot can be useful when comparing s stem performance to a published standard, such as %&PP or 'V( standards. !he scatter plot feature is part of the commscope pac)age. Users can create the scatter plot ob*ect in two wa s+ using a default ob*ect or b defining parameter,value pairs. #or more information, see the commscope.ScatterPlot help page.

Viewing Signals Using Scatter Plots

In this e-ample, ou will observe the received signals for a .PS/ modulated s stem. !he output s mbols are pulse shaped, using a raised cosine filter. 0. $reate a .PS/ modulator ob*ect. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hMod = modem.pskmod('M', 4, 'PhaseOffset', pi/4);

3. $reate an upsampling filter, with an upsample rate of 04. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
Rup = !; " up sampli#$ rate h%il&esi$# = fdesi$#.pulseshapi#$(Rup,'Raised 'osi#e', ... (s)m,*eta',Rup,+.,+); h%il = desi$#(h%il&esi$#);

%. $reate the transmit signal. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
d = ra#di(-+ hMod.M. /, ++, ); " 0e#erate data s)m1ols s)m = modulate(hMod, d); " 0e#erate modulated s)m1ols 2mt = filter(h%il, upsample(s)m, Rup));

5. $reate a scatter plot and set the samples per s mbol to the upsampling rate of the signal. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope = commscope.ScatterPlot hScope.SamplesPerS)m1ol = Rup;

In this simulation, the absolute sampling rate or s mbol rate is not specified. Use the default value for Sampli#$%re3ue#c), which is 6777. !his results in 3777 s mbols per second s mbol rate. 8. Set the constellation value of the scatter plot to the e-pected constellation. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.'o#stellatio# = hMod.'o#stellatio#;

4. Since the pulse shaping filter introduces a dela , discard these transient values b setting Measureme#t&ela) to the group dela of the filter, which is four s mbol durations or 59:s seconds. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
$roup&ela) = (h%il&esi$#.(um1erOfS)m1ols/4); hScope.Measureme#t&ela) = $roup&ela) /hScope.S)m1olRate;

;. Update the scatter plot with transmitted signal b t ping the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
update(hScope, 2mt)

!he #igure window updates, displa ing the transmitted signal.

6. 'ispla the ideal constellation and evaluate how closel it matches the transmitted signal. !o displa the ideal constellation, t pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.PlotSetti#$s.'o#stellatio# = 'o#';

!he #igure window updates, displa ing the ideal constellation and the transmitted signal.

<. One wa to create a better match between the two signals is to normali"e the filter. =ormali"e the filter b t ping the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
h%il.(umerator = h%il.(umerator / ma2(h%il.(umerator);

07. :efilter the signal using a normali"ed filter.

2mt = filter(h%il, upsample(s)m, Rup));

00. :eset the scope before displa ing the transmitted signal. :esetting the scope also resets the counter for measurement dela , discarding the transient filter values. !o reset the scope, t pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
reset(hScope)

03. Update the scatter plot so it displa s the signal.

update(hScope, 2mt)

!he match between the ideal constellation points and the transmitted signal is nearl identical.

0%. !o view the transmitted signal more clearl , turn off the ideal constellation b clic)ing Constellation in the #igure window.

!he #igure window updates, displa ing onl the transmitted signal.

05. View the signal tra*ector . ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.PlotSetti#$s.Si$#al5ra6ector) = 'o#';

!he #igure window updates, displa ing the tra*ector . An alternate wa to displa the signal tra*ector is to clic) the Signal Trajectory.

08. $hange the line st le. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.PlotSetti#$s.Si$#al5ra6ector)St)le = '7m';

!he #igure window updates, changing the line st le ma)ing up the signal tra*ector .

04. Autoscale the scatter plot displa to fit the entire plot. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
autoscale(hScope)

!he #igure window updates. An alternate wa to autoscale the fit is to clic) the Autoscale Axes button.

0;. $reate a nois signal b Passing -mt through an A>&= channel. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
rc8 = a9$#(2mt, 4+, 'measured'); " :dd :;0(

06. Send the received signal to the scatter plot. (efore sending the signal, reset the scatter plot to remove the old data. ! pe the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
reset(hScope) update(hScope, rc8)

!he #igure window updates, displa ing the nois signal.

0<. !urn off the signal tra*ector b clic)ing Signal Trajectory in the #igure window.

!he #igure window updates, displa ing the signal plot without the signal tra*ector . An alternate wa to turn off the signal tra*ector is t ping the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.PlotSetti#$s.Si$#al5ra6ector) = 'off';

37. View the constellation b clic)ing Constellation in the #igure window.

!he #igure window updates, displa ing both the ideal constellation and the transmitted signal. An alternate wa to view the constellation is b t ping the following at the 1A!2A( command line+
hScope.PlotSetti#$s.'o#stellatio# = 'o#';

30. Print the scatter plot b ma)ing the following selection in the #igure window+ File ? Print

>hen ou print the scatter plot, ou print the a-es, not the entire &UI.