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ARK504 ARCHITECTURAL SCIENCE III

BSc of (Architecture)

Mohd Nasurudin Hasbullah

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Department of Architecture UiTM Perak

REFUSE/WASTE MANAGEMENT

REFUSE/WASTE HIERARCHY REFUSE COLLECTION REFUSE DISPOSAL METHOD

Types of collection Collection method

Element of solid waste management Development of solid waste management Status of Solid Waste management Waste Generation Role of Federal, State And Local Government Legislation Related of Solid Waste management

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is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials Usually y ones p produced by y human activity, y, in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local aesthetics or amenity. can involve solid, liquid or gaseous substances with different methods and fields of expertise for each. practices differ for developed and developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential, industrial, and commercial producers. residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is usually ll th the responsibility ibilit of fl local l government t authorities th iti commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator

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Generation Storage Collection Transportation and transfer Processing and Treatment Disposal

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Restructuring of Local Authority in Malaysia Local Government Act 1976 Action Plan For A Beautiful and Clean Malaysia (1988) ABC Interim Privatization Program 1993

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An ever-expanding ever expanding population and high rates of economic development in Malaysia resulted in the generation of vast amount of waste. It is estimated about 17,000 of waste generated in Peninsular Malaysia. Average per capita generation of waste 0.85 kg/cap/day. About 1.5 kg/cap/day in Kuala Lumpur.

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About 76% of waste generated are collected. 1-2% is recycled and the remainder is taken to disposal sites. it About 5% waste collected in KL are reused and recycled. Over 40% of 175 disposal sites are operating as dumpsite. Intermediate treatment is limited to small-scale thermal treatment plant in resorted islands

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Bil.

Negeri

Tahun 2004 Tahun 2006 Tahun 2008 Angg. Penduduk Angg. Sisa Angg. Penduduk Angg. Sisa Angg. Penduduk Angg. Sisa dalam kaw. PBT Yang Dihasilkan dalam kaw. PBT Yang Dihasilkan dalam kaw. PBT Yang Dihasilkan (tan/hari) (tan/hari) (tan/hari) 2,252,882 1,557,259 1,216,769 605,361 890,597 1,126,000 1,915 1,324 1,034 515 757 957 2,309,204 1,596,190 1,247,188 620,495 912,862 1,154,150 2,002 1,384 1,081 538 791 1,001 2,366,934 1,636,095 1,278,368 636,007 935,683 1,183,004 2,093 1,447 1,131 562 827 1,046

1. JOHOR 2. KEDAH 3. KELANTAN 4. MELAKA 5. NEG. SEMBILAN 6. PAHANG

7. PERAK
8. PERLIS 9 PULAU PINANG 9. 10. SELANGOR 11. TERENGGANU 12. KUALA LUMPUR JUMLAH

1,796,575
230,000 1 279 470 1,279,470 3,325,261 1,038,436 1,400,000 16,718,610

1,527 1,841,489
196 1 088 1,088 2,826 883 2,520 15,541 235,750 1 311 457 1,311,457 3,408,393 1,064,397 1,435,000 17,136,575

1,597 1,887,527
204 1 137 1,137 2,955 923 2,635 16,248 241,644 1 344 243 1,344,243 3,493,602 1,091,007 1,470,875 17,564,989

1,669
214 1 189 1,189 3,090 965 2,755 16,987

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Source: MHLG 2008

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Three level of Government Federal Government Ministry of f Housing & Local l Government Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister Dpt. Department of Environment Ministry of Health State Government Local Authorities

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Local Authorities are the implementing agencies and have direct responsibility over solid waste collection, treatment and disposal.

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Local Government Act 1976 Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974 Environment Quality Act 1974 Refuse Collection, Removal and Disposals By-Laws

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a number of concepts about waste management, c vary a y in t their e usage which between countries or regions. This section presents some of the most general, widely-used concepts. refers to the "3 3 Rs" Rs reduce reduce, reuse and recycle The aim - to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to generate the minimum amount of waste.

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Refuse/Waste collection is the component of waste management which results in the passage of a waste material from the source of production to either the point of f treatment or final f l disposal. d l ON-SITE HANDLING Activities associated with the handling of SW until they are placed in the containers used for storage before collection ONON -SITE STORAGE Factors considered: 1. Types of containers used 2. Container Locations 3. Public health 4. Aesthetics 5. Methods of Collection

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MUNICIPAL COLLECTION SERVICES

a.

i) Curb C b (Kerb-side K b id ), ) alley, ll and d backyard b k d collection ll ti

Quickest/ economical Crew: 1 driver + 1 or 2 collectors No need to enter property Most common in Malaysia

Residential

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ii) Set out, set back

iii) ) High-rise g se apartment apa t e t or o flats, ats, specially spec a y designed des g ed chutes or a communal storage

Collectors have to enter property Set out crew carries full containers from resident storage location to curb/ alley before collection vehicle arrives. Collection crew load their refuse into vehicle Set-back crew return the container to storage area

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b) Commercial-Industrial Collection Services ( > 12 m3 ) Large movable and stationary containers Large stationary compactors (to form bales)

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Refuse/waste collection vehicle (WCV)

A refuse/waste collection vehicle (WCV), or colloquially called a 'Garbage Truck', 'Dustcart' or 'Dustbin lorry' is a truck specially designed to pick up smaller quantities of waste and haul it to Transfer Station Building to recycling or treatment/disposal facilities.

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Automated Vacuum Collection (AVAC)

The Automated Vacuum Collection (AVAC) system, also called "pneumatic refuse f collection", transports waste at high speeds through underground tunnels to a building where it is compacted, sealed in containers and then carted away.

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A. GARBAGE GRINDER A garbage disposer, food waste disposer, or garbarator is a device, device usually electrically-powered, electrically powered installed under a kitchen sink between the sink's drain and the trap which shreds food waste into pieces small enough to pass through plumbing.

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B. LANDFILL traditional method and it remains a common practice in most countries environmental impacts - wind-blown litter, attraction of vermin, and generation of leach ate (pollute groundwater, surface water, carbon dioxide) create odor problems, kill surface vegetation, and is a greenhouse gas

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C. INCINERATION involves the combustion of waste at high temperatures (burning of waste) Incineration and other high temperature - thermal treatment convert waste materials into heat, gas, steam, and ash. A waste to energy plant (WtE) - high-efficiency furnace/boilers to produce steam and/or electricity incorporates modern air pollution control systems

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D. RECYCLING to recover for other use a material that would otherwise be considered waste to refer to the widespread collection and reuse collected and sorted into common groups - used again aluminum, steel, plastic bottles, glass bottles, paperboard cartons, newspapers, magazines, and cardboard

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E. MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT is a technology category for combinations of mechanical sorting and biological treatment mechanical - bulk handling mechanical sorting stage (removes recyclable elements from a mixed waste stream such as metals, plastics and glass) biological - anaerobic digestion or composting (produce biogas and soil conditioner)

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THANK YOU..
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