Glenmark - Respicare

TEST PAPER - Microbiology, Disease, Organisms & Antibiotics

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Q.1. Tick t e rig t ans!er "Eac 1. Microbiology is a) Study of plants b) Study of animals c) Study of microorganism d) All of the above. 2. Shape of a cocci will be a) Round b) Rod shaped c) Spiral d) oma !.

carry one mark#

ross infection in hospitals is called as a) Secondary "nfection b) #atent "nfection c) ommunity Ac$uired "nfection d) %osocomial "nfection

&. hemical substances produced by one species of organism that are capable of suppressing the growth or destroying the other organism are called as a) b) c) d) Antibiotics Antibacterial Antigens %one of the above

'. A laboratory method of determining the susceptibility of antibiotics is called the a) Sensitivity test. b) (iochemical test c) )rease test d) Staining test *. +hich of the following is atypical bacterium, a) Staphylococcus aureus b) Streptococcus pneumonae c) #egionella pneumophilla d) -seudomonas .. Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin / a) b) c) d) Acts on the cell membrane to cause cell lea0age Acts on the !1S ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis Acts on the bacterial cell wall to inhibit cell wall synthesis Acts on 2%A gyrase to inhibit cell replication

3. A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism4 usually a bacterium a) b) c) d) -seudomonas aeruginosa 56ram/negative) %ocardia 56ram/positive) Mycobacterium tuberculosis 5acid/fast) Staphyloccocus4 7scherichia coli4 and #isteria species blank carry 1 mark #

Q.$ %ill in t e blanks & " Eac

1.8888888888888888888888888 7ffect 9 -ersistant suppression of bacterial growth at least for 1 or 2 hrs. even in absence of host defence mechanisms. 2. 6ram positive cells will incorporate little or no counterstain and will remain 8888888888888 in appearance. 6ram negative bacteria4 however4 ta0e on a 8888888888888 and are easily distinguishable from the 6ram positives.

!. :iehl %eelsen stain is used for Acid fast bacteria. ;he e<ample is 88888888888888888888884 the causative agent of tuberculosis and 88888888888888888888884 the causative agent of leprosy. &. ;here are of two types resistance, 888888888888888888888 resistance 888888888888888888888 resistance '. ;ypes of Antibiotics , a) 888888888888888888888 b) Synthetic c) 888888888888888888888 *. 888888888888888888 means , A state of insensitivity or decreased sensitivity to drugs that ordinarily cause growth inhibition or cell death. 3. ;yphoid fever4 also 0nown as enteric fever4 is an illness caused by the bacterium 888888888888888888888. ommon worldwide4 it is transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces from an infected person =. 888888888888888888 is a type of en>yme produced by some bacteria that is responsible for their resistance to beta/lactam antibiotics li0e penicillins4 cephalosporins4 cephamycins and carbapenems. 11. ;he mechanism of action of the macrolides is by inhibition of bacterial 888888888888888 synthesis by binding reversibly to the subunit '1S of the bacterial ribosome 12. 88888888888888888888 are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic4 negative bacteria?s4 such as -seudomonas4 Acinetobacter4 and 7nterobacter. "n addition4 some Mycobacteria4 including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis4 are susceptible

1!. Staph. aureus is a 888888888888888888coccus4 which appears as grape/li0e clusters when viewed through a microscope and has large4 round4 golden/ yellow colonies4 often with @/hemolysis4 when grown on blood agar plates 1'. 88888888888888888888 is a compound which inhibits the action of bacterial beta/lactamases. "t broadens the spectrum of penicillins or cephalosporins by ma0ing it effective against organisms that e<press beta/ lactamase and would normally degrade the antibiotic. 1*. (acteria can e<change genetic information by 8888888888888888888884 88888888888888888888888 and 88888888888888888888888.

1..88888888888888888888888888888888888888888 represents a maAor group of beta/lactamases that have the ability to inactivate beta/lactam antibiotics containing an o<yimino group such as third generation cephalosporins and monobactams. 13. Bne antimicrobial may be resistant to one particular pathogen C in turn it transfers the resistance to another antibiotic which though4 have not been e<posed to that organism gets resistance. ;his type of resistance is called ''''''''''''''''''''''. 1=. Antibiotics prescribed without doing culture sensitivity is called 8888888888 therapy. 21. (road spectrum antibiotics with higher 888888888888888888 against antibiotic hydroly>ing en>yme are suitable for empiric antibiotics. Q.(. State ! et er t e statement is Tr)e or %alse &

a) -rimary infection is the initial infection caused by an organism 5 ). b) ommon organisms that cause );"s include, 7scherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.5 ) ).

c) #atent infection is the hidden infection 5

d) "atrogenic infection is patient induced infection due to therapeutic4 diagnostic4 or investigative procedures 5 ). e) Sub/clinical infection means whose clinical signs and symptoms are clearly visible 5 ). f) Secondary infection, means a host whose resistance is lowered by a pre/e<isting disease4 a new parasite sets up an infection 5usually complicates the disease). 5 ). h) Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the central nervous system 5 ). i) "n adults4 recently developed Aminoglycolsides such as levoflo<acin and mo<iflo<acin are often used to provide empiric coverage for patients with pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae 5 ). A) hronic obstructive pulmonary disease 5 B-2)4 is a group of diseases characteri>ed by limitation of airflow in the airway that is not fully reversible. 5 ). ). g) @ lactams antibiotic inhibits the cell wall synthesis of the bacteria 5

Q.*. Matc

t e Organisms & "+ marks# , 1. 6ram -ositive cocci 2. 6ram %egative cocci

A a) Staphylococcus. spp. b) lostridium spp.

c) d) e) f)

7scherichia. coli %eisseria meningitidis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycoplasma pneumonae

!. &. '. *.

Acid Dast (acteria 6ram -ositive bacilli Atypical organism 6ram %egative bacilli

Ans!ers & 5a / E.3. Matc

)4 5b /

)4 5c /

) 4 5d /

)4 5e /

) 4 5f /

).

t e -ollo!ing Antibiotics !it

t eir Mo.e o- Action

A 1. 6lycopeptides C (eta/ lactams 2. Macrolides !. Dluro$uinolones &. '. olistin C -olymycin o/trimo<a>ole

( a. inhibits '1S ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis b. 2%A 6yrase C ;opoisomerase "G c. affects cell membrane permeability d. inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis e. inhibits cell wall synthesis f. inhibits the initiation comple< formation in protein synthesis #, "2#, "! #, "& #, "' #, "+

*.B<a>olidinones

Ans!ers & "1#.

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