Second Grade California History/Social Science Standards

Academic Content Standards The EP&C help students master and deepen their understanding of California's History/Social Science Standards in the follo ing conte!t" #$ Students differentiate %et een things that happened long ago and things that happened yesterday$ #$ Trace the history of a family through the use of primary and secondary sources& including artifacts& photographs& inter'ie s& and documents$ ($ Compare and contrast their daily li'es I a b; The goods and ecosystem services provided by natural systems are ith those of their parents& grandparents& II a b essential to our way of life. The way we use those goods and and/ or guardians$ c d; V services has changed over time and can be discovered by comparing b our daily lives with those of recent generations. We have many machines and other material objects today that our ancestors did not. Each offers benefits and costs. Human populations and communities have grown and the ways in which people procure and consume natural resources have changed in recent decades. The laws and policies that govern the use and management of natural resources have also changed. These changes directly and indirectly influence the viability of the natural systems upon which we depend. The ways we assess social economic political and environmental factors and ma!e decisions about resources and natural systems have changed over time. "hanging environmental #uality may influence the way we ma!e decisions. )$ Place important e'ents in their li'es in the order in hich they occurred *e$g$& on a time line or story%oard+$ ($ Students demonstrate map s,ills %y descri%ing the a%solute and relati'e locations of people& places& and en'ironments$ #$ -ocate on a simple letter.num%er grid Iab These natural systems can be located on maps that identify specific system the specific locations and land masses and bodies of water. geographic features in their neigh%orhood or community *e$g$& map of the classroom& the school+$ ($ -a%el from memory a simple map of the /orth American continent& including the countries& oceans& Great -a,es& ma0or ri'ers& and mountain ranges$ 1dentify the essential map elements" title& legend& directional indicator& scale& and date$ )$ -ocate on a map here their ancestors I a b ; $eople rely on goods and ecosystem services provided directly or li'e*d+& telling hen the family mo'ed to II a c indirectly by natural systems. $eople generally move to gain access the local community and ho and hy d to increased #uantity or #uality of resources. they made the trip$ %ocating specific communities on a map helps us understand the influence that access to natural resources has on the establishment and growth of human communities. Human populations and communities have e&panded over time. Their influence on the viability of natural systems has also increased. 's human populations increase in an area competition for resources increases. This is one of the causes of emigration(immigration. EP&C

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Second Grade California History/Social Science Standards

2$ Compare and contrast %asic land use in ur%an& su%ur%an& and rural en'ironments in California$ I a b; II a b c d; IV a c; V a b %and use patterns in urban suburban and rural environments vary in the degree to which they influence the geographic e&tent composition biological diversity and viability of natural systems. %and use patterns in urban suburban and rural environments vary in the #uantities and types of resources used and the #uantity and characteristics of the resulting byproducts. %and use patterns have changed over time. The capacity of natural systems to adjust to human+caused alterations depends on the nature of the system and the scope scale and duration of the activity and the nature of its byproducts. These alterations vary with the different land use practices found in urban suburban and rural environments. The factors influencing decisions about resources and natural systems vary with the type of community and the particular needs and priorities of that community. $eople in urban suburban and rural environments are li!ely to bring different perspectives to bear when ma!ing decisions about resources and natural systems. %and use practices in urban suburban and rural environments may change over time as we change our assessment of social economics political and environmental factors affecting those factors. ,ifferent areas have different legal and political issues and different levels of restrictions placed upon them.

)$ Students e!plain go'ernmental institutions and practices in the 3nited States and other countries$ #$ E!plain ho the 3nited States and other Va The process of ma!ing and enforcing laws to govern the use and countries ma,e la s& carry out la s& management of natural systems is similar to that used for other laws. determine hether la s ha'e %een 'iolated& and punish rongdoers$ ($ 4escri%e the ays in hich groups and I a b; "onflicts among groups and nations often arise over access to and nations interact ith one another to try to II d; V distribution of the goods and ecosystem services produced by natural resol'e pro%lems in such areas as trade& ab systems and that are considered essential to human communities. cultural contacts& treaties& diplomacy& The e&pansion and operation of human communities have an impact and military force$ on the natural systems that surround them. "ommunities -nations. ma!e laws develop policies or offer incentives in regards to use and management of natural resources and those laws policies and incentives have an effect on the natural systems. The ways in which groups and nations interact to try to resolve problems have varying degrees of impact on the #uality and #uantity of resources and viability of natural systems. The ways in which decisions are made may change over time in response to how we assess social economic political and environmental factors.

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Second Grade California History/Social Science Standards

0. 1tudents understand basic economic concepts and their individual roles in the economy and demonstrate basic economic reasoning s!ills. ). ,escribe food production and consumption Iab The health of natural systems and natural processes such as climate long ago and today including the roles of c; II a and weather affect the #uality #uantity and reliability of food farmers processors distributors weather b c; III resources. and land and water resources. b c; 2ood production and consumption have direct and indirect influences IV a on natural systems. The methods used to produce harvest transport b; V b and consume food resources influence the geographic e&tent composition biological diversity and viability of natural systems. 3any individuals depend on the production and consumption of food for their livelihoods. The demands on these individuals have increased due to the growth in human populations and their consumption rates. Humans depend on and use the cycles and processes operating within natural systems to produce food. Human practices such as farming or ranching can alter these cycles and processes. The effects of food production on natural systems are directly related to the #uantities of resources consumed and the #uantity and characteristics of the resulting byproducts -such as agricultural runoff and pesticides.. These byproducts are not readily prevented from entering natural systems and may be beneficial neutral or detrimental in their effects. The ways in which food production has been managed have been adjusted over time in response to changing assessments of social economic political and environmental factors. /. 4nderstand the role and interdependence of buyers -consumers. and sellers -producers. of goods and services. *. 4nderstand how limits on resources affect I c; II The health of natural systems limits the #uality #uantity and reliability production and consumption -what to abc of the goods and ecosystem services provided by those systems. produce and what to consume.. d; V a ,irect and indirect changes to natural systems due to the growth of human populations and their consumption rates influence the #uality #uantity and reliability of the goods and services provided by natural systems. %imits on the goods and ecosystem services provided by natural systems influence the decisions humans ma!e regarding production and consumption. These decisions are comple& and influenced by a spectrum of factors. 5. 1tudents understand the importance of individual action and character and e&plain how heroes from long ago and the recent past have made a difference in others6 lives -e.g. from biographies of 'braham %incoln %ouis $asteur 1itting 7ull 8eorge Washington "arver 3arie "urie 'lbert Einstein 8olda 3eir 9ac!ie :obinson 1ally :ide.. Va 1tudents understand the importance of individual action and the role these action have in influencing decisions people ma!e regarding natural resources and systems.

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