Course Agenda Day 1: Introduction Day &: Day .

: Day .: *ani$ulating Data Using DDL Statements to Create and *anage Ta+les Creating #ther Schema #+/ects Re$orting 'ggregated Data Using the (rou$ !unctions Dis$laying Data )rom *ulti$le Ta+les Using ,oins Using Su+-ueries to Solve Queries Using the Set #$erators Retrieving Data Using the SQL SELECT Statement Restricting and Sorting Data Using Single-Ro !unctions to Customi"e #ut$ut

Using Conversion !unctions and Conditional E%$ressions

Appendixes Used in the Course '$$endi% ': 0ractices and Solutions '$$endi% 1: Ta+le Descri$tions '$$endi% C: Using SQL Develo$er '$$endi% D: Using SQL20lus '$$endi% E: Using ,Develo$er '$$endi% !: #racle ,oin Synta% '$$endi% '0: 'dditional 0ractices and Solutions

Oracle Database 11g: Focus Areas #racle Data+ase 11g o))ers e%tensive )eatures across the )ollo ing )ocus areas: Infrastructure Grids: The In)rastructure (rid technology o) #racle ena+les $ooling o) lo -cost servers and storage to )orm systems that deliver the highest -uality o) service in terms o) managea+ility3 high availa+ility3 and $er)ormance4 #racle Data+ase 11g consolidates and e%tends the +ene)its o) grid com$uting4 '$art )rom ta5ing )ull advantage o) grid com$uting3 #racle Data+ase 11 g has uni-ue change assurance )eatures to manage changes in a controlled and cost e))ective manner4 Information Management: #racle Data+ase 11g e%tends the e%isting in)ormation management ca$a+ilities in content management3 in)ormation integration3 and in)ormation li)e-cycle management areas4 #racle $rovides content management o) advanced data ty$es such as E%tensi+le *ar5u$ Language 67*L83 te%t3 s$atial3 multimedia3 medical imaging3 and semantic technologies4

Application De elopment: #racle Data+ase 11g has ca$a+ilities to use and manage all the ma/or a$$lication develo$ment environments such as 0L9SQL3 ,ava9,D1C3 4:ET and ;indo s3 0<03 SQL Develo$er3 and '$$lication E%$ress4 Oracle Database 11g #rgani"ations need to su$$ort multi$le tera+ytes o) in)ormation )or users ho demand )ast and secure access to +usiness a$$lications round the cloc54 The data+ase systems must +e relia+le and must +e a+le to recover -uic5ly in the event o) any 5ind o) )ailure4 #racle Data+ase 11 g is designed along the )ollo ing )eature areas to hel$ organi"ations manage in)rastructure grids easily and deliver high--uality service: Manageabilit!: 1y using some o) the change assurance3 management automation3 and )ault diagnostics )eatures3 the data+ase administrators 6D1's8 can increase their $roductivity3 reduce costs3 minimi"e errors3 and ma%imi"e -uality o) service4 Some o) the use)ul )eatures that $romote +etter management are Data+ase Re$lay )acility3 the SQL 0er)ormance 'naly"er3 and the 'utomatic SQL Tuning )acility4 "igh a ailabilit!: 1y using the high availa+ility )eatures3 you can reduce the ris5 o) do n time and data loss4 These )eatures im$rove online o$erations and ena+le )aster data+ase u$grades4

#erformance: 1y using ca$a+ilities such as Secure!iles3 com$ression )or online transaction $rocessing 6#LT083 Real '$$lication Clusters 6R'C8 o$timi"ations3 Result Caches3 and so on3 you can greatly im$rove the $er)ormance o) your data+ase4 #racle Data+ase 11g ena+les organi"ations to manage large3 scala+le3 transactional3 and data arehousing systems that deliver )ast data access using lo -cost modular storage4 $ecurit!: #racle Data+ase 11g hel$s organi"ations $rotect their in)ormation ith uni-ue secure con)igurations3 data encry$tion and mas5ing3 and so$histicated auditing ca$a+ilities4 It delivers a secure and scala+le $lat)orm )or relia+le and )ast access to all ty$es o) in)ormation +y using the industry-standard inter)aces4 Information integration: #racle Data+ase 11g has many )eatures to +etter integrate data throughout the enter$rise4 It also su$$orts advanced in)ormation li)ecycle management ca$a+ilities4 This hel$s you manage the changing data in your data+ase4

Oracle Fusion Middle%are #racle !usion *iddle are is a com$rehensive and ell-integrated )amily o) $roducts that o))ers com$lete su$$ort )or develo$ment3 de$loyment3 and management o) Service-#riented 'rchitecture 6S#'84 S#' )acilitates the develo$ment o) modular +usiness services that can +e easily integrated and reused3 there+y reducing develo$ment and maintenance costs3 and $roviding higher -uality o) services4 #racle !usion *iddle are=s $lugga+le architecture ena+les you to leverage your investments in any e%isting a$$lication3 system3 or technology4 Its un+rea5a+le core technology minimi"es the disru$tion caused +y $lanned or un$lanned outages4 Some o) the $roducts )rom the #racle !usion *iddle are )amily include: &nterprise Application $er er: '$$lication Server Integration and #rocess Management: 10EL 0rocess *anager3 #racle 1usiness 0rocess 'nalysis Suite De elopment 'ools: #racle '$$lication Develo$ment !rame or53 ,Develo$er3 S#' Suite (usiness Intelligence: #racle 1usiness 'ctivity *onitoring3 #racle Data Integrator $!stems Management: Enter$rise *anager Identit! Management: #racle Identity *anagement

Content Management: #racle Content Data+ase Suite User Interaction: 0ortal3 ;e+Center

Oracle &nterprise Manager Grid Control S$anning a$$lications3 middle are3 and data+ase management3 #racle Enter$rise *anager (rid Control delivers integrated enter$rise management )or #racle and non-#racle systems4 #racle Enter$rise *anager (rid Control )eatures advanced #racle !usion *iddle are management ca$a+ilities )or the services that +usiness a$$lications rely u$on3 including S#'3 1usiness 'ctivity *onitoring3 and Identity *anagement4 )ide*ranging management functionalit! is availa+le )or your a$$lications including service-level management3 a$$lication $er)ormance management3 con)iguration management3 and change automation (uilt*in grid automation capabilities means that in)ormation technology res$onds $roactively to )luctuating demand and im$lements ne services more -uic5ly so that +usinesses can thrive4 In*depth diagnostics and readil! a ailable remediation can +e a$$lied across a range o) a$$lications including custom-+uilt a$$lications3 #racle E1usiness Suite3 0eo$leSo)t3 Sie+el3 #racle !usion *iddle are3 #racle Data+ase3 and underlying in)rastructure

&xtensi e life c!cle management capabilities e%tend grid com$uting +y $roviding solutions )or the entire a$$lication and in)rastructure li)e cycle3 including test3 stage3 and $roduction through o$erations4 It has sim$li)ied $atch management ith sysynchroni"ed $atching3 additional o$erating system su$$ort3 and con)lict detection )eatures4 Oracle (I #ublisher #racle Data+ase 11g also includes #racle 1I 0u+lisher>the enter$rise re$orting solution )rom #racle4 #racle 1I 0u+lisher 6)ormerly 5no n as 7*L 0u+lisher8 o))ers the most e))icient and scala+le re$orting solution availa+le )or com$le%3 distri+uted environments4 #racle 1I 0u+lisher reduces the high costs associated ith the develo$ment3 customi"ation3 and maintenance o) +usiness documents3 hile increasing the e))iciency o) re$orts management4 1y using a set o) )amiliar des5to$ tools3 users can create and maintain their o n re$ort )ormats +ased on data -ueries created +y the IT sta)) or develo$ers4

#racle 1I 0u+lisher re$ort )ormats can +e designed using *icroso)t ;ord or 'do+e 'cro+at>tools that most users are already )amiliar ith4 #racle 1I 0u+lisher also ena+les you to +ring in data )rom multi$le data sources into a single out$ut document4 ?ou can deliver re$orts via $rinter3 email3 or )a%4 ?ou can $u+lish your re$ort to a $ortal4 ?ou can even allo users to colla+oratively edit and manage re$orts on the ;e+-+ased Distri+uted 'uthoring and @ersioning 6;e+Dav8 ;e+ servers4 +elational and Ob,ect +elational Database Management $!stems The #racle server su$$orts +oth the relational and the o+/ect relational data+ase models4 The #racle server e%tends the data-modeling ca$a+ilities to su$$ort an o+/ect relational data+ase model that $rovides o+/ect-oriented $rogramming3 com$le% data ty$es3 com$le% +usiness o+/ects3 and )ull com$ati+ility ith the relational orld4 It includes several )eatures )or im$roved $er)ormance and )unctionality o) the #LT0 a$$lications3 such as +etter sharing o) run-time data structures3 larger +u))er caches3 and de)erra+le constraints4 Data arehouse a$$lications +ene)it )rom enhancements such as $arallel e%ecution o) insert3 u$date3 and delete o$erationsA $artitioningA and $arallel-a are -uery o$timi"ation4 The #racle model su$$orts client9server and ;e+-+ased a$$lications that are distri+uted and multitiered4 !or more in)ormation a+out the relational and o+/ect relational model3 re)er to Oracle Database Concepts 11g Release 1 (11.1) 4 Data $torage on Different Media Every organi"ation has some in)ormation needs4 ' li+rary 5ee$s a list o) mem+ers3 +oo5s3 due dates3 and )ines4 ' com$any needs to save in)ormation a+out its em$loyees3 de$artments3 and salaries4 These $ieces o) in)ormation are called data4 #rgani"ations can store data in various media and in di))erent )ormats3 such as a hard co$y document in a )iling ca+inet3 or data stored in electronic s$readsheets3 or in data+ases4 ' database is an organi"ed collection o) in)ormation4 To manage data+ases3 you need a data+ase management system 6D1*S84 ' D1*S is a $rogram that stores3 retrieves3 and modi)ies data in data+ases on re-uest4 There are )our main ty$es o) data+ases: hierarchical3 network3 relational3 and 6most recently8 object relational4 +elational Database Concept

The $rinci$les o) the relational model ere )irst outlined +y Dr4 E4 !4 Codd in a ,une 1BCD $a$er titled A Relational Model of Data for Large hared Data !anks4 In this $a$er3 Dr4 Codd $ro$osed the relational model )or data+ase systems4 The common models used at that time ere hierarchical and net or53 or even sim$le )lat-)ile data structures4 Relational data+ase management systems 6RD1*S8 soon +ecame very $o$ular3 es$ecially )or their ease o) use and )le%i+ility in structure4 In addition3 a num+er o) innovative vendors3 such as #racle3 su$$lemented the RD1*S ith a suite o) $o er)ul3 a$$lication develo$ment and user-inter)ace $roducts3 there+y $roviding a total solution4 Components of the +elational Model Collections o) o+/ects or relations that store the data ' set o) o$erators that can act on the relations to $roduce other relations Data integrity )or accuracy and consistency

!or more in)ormation3 re)er to An "ntrod#ction to Database $ste%s& 'ighth 'dition 6'ddison-;esley: &DDE83 ritten +y Chris Date4 Definition of a +elational Database ' relational data+ase uses relations or t o-dimensional ta+les to store in)ormation4 !or e%am$le3 you might ant to store in)ormation a+out all the em$loyees in your com$any4 In a relational data+ase3 you create several ta+les to store di))erent $ieces o) in)ormation a+out your em$loyees3 such as an em$loyee ta+le3 a de$artment ta+le3 and a salary ta+le4 Data Models *odels are the cornerstone o) design4 Engineers +uild a model o) a car to or5 out any details +e)ore $utting it into $roduction4 In the same manner3 system designers develo$ models to e%$lore ideas and im$rove the understanding o) data+ase design4 #urpose of Models *odels hel$ to communicate the conce$ts that are in $eo$le=s minds4 They can +e used to do the )ollo ing: Communicate Categori"e Descri+e

S$eci)y Investigate Evolve 'naly"e Imitate

The o+/ective is to $roduce a model that )its a multitude o) these uses3 can +e understood +y an end user3 and contains su))icient detail )or a develo$er to +uild a data+ase system4 &ntit! +elationship Model In an e))ective system3 data is divided into discrete categories or entities4 'n entity relationshi$ 6ER8 model is an illustration o) the various entities in a +usiness and the relationshi$s among them4 'n ER model is derived )rom +usiness s$eci)ications or narratives and +uilt during the analysis $hase o) the system develo$ment li)e cycle4 ER models se$arate the in)ormation re-uired +y a +usiness )rom the activities $er)ormed ithin the +usiness4 'lthough +usinesses can change their activities3 the ty$e o) in)ormation tends to remain constant4 There)ore3 the data structures also tend to +e constant4 (enefits of &+ Modeling: Documents in)ormation )or the organi"ation in a clear3 $recise )ormat 0rovides a clear $icture o) the sco$e o) the in)ormation re-uirement 0rovides an easily understood $ictorial ma$ )or data+ase design #))ers an e))ective )rame or5 )or integrating multi$le a$$lications

-e! Components

&ntit!: 'n as$ect o) signi)icance a+out hich in)ormation must +e 5no n4 E%am$les are de$artments3 em$loyees3 and orders4 Attribute: Something that descri+es or -uali)ies an entity4 !or e%am$le3 )or the em$loyee entity3 the attri+utes ould +e the em$loyee num+er3 name3 /o+ title3 hire date3 de$artment num+er3 and so on4 Each o) the attri+utes is either re-uired or o$tional4 This state is called optionalit$4

+elationship: ' named association +et een entities sho ing o$tionality and degree4 E%am$les are em$loyees and de$artments3 and orders and items

&+ Modeling Con entions &ntities To re$resent an entity in a model3 use the )ollo ing conventions: Attributes To re$resent an attri+ute in a model3 use the )ollo ing conventions: +elationships Singular name in lo ercase 'steris5 628 tag )or mandatory attri+utes 6that is3 values that %#st +e 5no n8 Letter FoG tag )or o$tional attri+utes 6that is3 values that %a$ +e 5no n8 Singular3 uni-ue entity name Entity name in u$$ercase So)t +o% #$tional synonym names in u$$ercase $arentheses: 6 8 ithin

Symbol Dashed line Solid line Crows foot Single line

+elationships

Description Optional element indicating maybe Mandatory element indicating must be Degree element indicating one or more Degree element indicating one and only one

Each direction o) the relationshi$ contains: A label: !or e%am$le3 ta#ght b$ or assigned to An optionalit!: Either %#st be or %a$be A degree: Either one and onl$ one or one or %ore

.ote: The term cardinalit$ is a synonym )or the term degree4 Each source entity Hmay +e I must +eJ in relation Hone and only one I one or moreJ ith the destination entity4 .ote: The convention is to read cloc5 ise4 Uni/ue Identifiers ' uni-ue identi)ier 6UID8 is any com+ination o) attri+utes or relationshi$s3 or +oth3 that serves to distinguish occurrences o) an entity4 Each entity occurrence must +e uni-uely identi)ia+le4 Tag each attri+ute that is $art o) the UID ith a hash sign FKG4 Tag secondary UIDs ith a hash sign in $arentheses 6K84

+elating Multiple 'ables Each ta+le contains data that descri+es e%actly one entity4 !or e%am$le3 the E*0L#?EES ta+le contains in)ormation a+out em$loyees4 Categories o) data are listed across the to$ o) each ta+le3 and individual cases are listed +elo 4 1y using a ta+le )ormat3 you can readily visuali"e3 understand3 and use in)ormation4 1ecause data a+out di))erent entities is stored in di))erent ta+les3 you may need to com+ine t o or more ta+les to ans er a $articular -uestion4 !or e%am$le3 you may ant to 5no the location o) the de$artment here an em$loyee or5s4 In this scenario3 you need in)ormation )rom the E*0L#?EES ta+le 6 hich contains data a+out em$loyees8 and the DE0'RT*E:TS ta+le 6 hich contains in)ormation a+out de$artments84 ;ith an RD1*S3 you can relate the data in one ta+le to the data in another +y using the )oreign 5eys4 ' )oreign 5ey is a column 6or a set o) columns8 that re)ers to a $rimary 5ey in the same ta+le or another ta+le4 ?ou can use the a+ility to relate data in one ta+le to data in another to organi"e in)ormation in se$arate3 managea+le units4 Em$loyee data can +e 5e$t logically distinct )rom the de$artment data +y storing it in a se$arate ta+le4

Guidelines for #rimar! -e!s and Foreign -e!s ?ou cannot use du$licate values in a $rimary 5ey4 0rimary 5eys generally cannot +e changed4 !oreign 5eys are +ased on data values and are $urely logical 6not $hysical8 $ointers4

' )oreign 5ey value must match an e%isting $rimary 5ey value or uni-ue 5ey valueA other ise3 it must +e null4 ' )oreign 5ey must re)erence either a $rimary 5ey or a uni-ue 5ey column4

+elational Database 'erminolog! ' relational data+ase can contain one or many ta+les4 ' table is the +asic storage structure o) an RD1*S4 ' ta+le holds all the data necessary a+out something in the real orld3 such as em$loyees3 invoices3 or customers4 The slide sho s the contents o) the E*0L#?EES table or relation4 The num+ers indicate the )ollo ing: 14 ' single row 6or t#ple8 re$resenting all the data re-uired )or a $articular em$loyee4 Each ro in a ta+le should +e identi)ied +y a $rimary 5ey3 hich $ermits no du$licate ro s4 The order o) ro s is insigni)icantA s$eci)y the ro order hen the data is retrieved4 &4 ' col#%n or attri+ute containing the em$loyee num+er4 The em$loyee num+er identi)ies a #ni(#e em$loyee in the E*0L#?EES ta+le4 In this e%am$le3 the em$loyee num+er column is designated as the pri%ar$ ke$4 ' $rimary 5ey must contain a value and the value must +e uni-ue4 .4 ' column that is not a 5ey value4 ' column re$resents one 5ind o) data in a ta+leA in this e%am$le3 the data is the salaries o) all the em$loyees4 Column order is insigni)icant hen storing dataA s$eci)y the column order hen the data is retrieved4 E4 ' column containing the de$artment num+er3 hich is also a foreign ke$4 ' )oreign 5ey is a column that de)ines ho ta+les relate to each other4 ' )oreign 5ey re)ers to a $rimary 5ey or a uni-ue 5ey in the same ta+le or in another ta+le4 In the e%am$le3 DE0'RT*E:TLID uni-uely identi)ies a de$artment in the DE0'RT*E:TS ta+le4 M4 ' field can +e )ound at the intersection o) a ro There can +e only one value in it4 and a column4

N4 ' )ield may have no value in it4 This is called a null value4 In the E*0L#?EES ta+le3 only those em$loyees ho have the role o) sales re$resentative have a value in the C#**ISSI#:L0CT 6commission8 )ield4

Using $01 to 0uer! 2our Database In a relational data+ase3 you do not s$eci)y the access route to the ta+les3 and you do not need to 5no ho the data is arranged $hysically4

To access the data+ase3 you e%ecute a structured -uery language 6SQL8 statement3 hich is the 'merican :ational Standards Institute 6':SI8 standard language )or o$erating relational data+ases4 SQL is a set o) statements ith hich all $rograms and users access data in an #racle Data+ase4 '$$lication $rograms and #racle tools o)ten allo users access to the data+ase ithout using SQL directly3 +ut these a$$lications3 in turn3 must use SQL hen e%ecuting the user=s re-uest4 SQL $rovides statements )or a variety o) tas5s3 including: Querying data Inserting3 u$dating3 and deleting ro s in a ta+le Creating3 re$lacing3 altering3 and dro$$ing o+/ects Controlling access to the data+ase and its o+/ects (uaranteeing data+ase consistency and integrity

SQL uni)ies all o) the $receding tas5s in one consistent language and ena+les you to or5 ith data at a logical level4 $01 $tatements SQL statements su$$orted +y #racle com$ly ith industry standards4 #racle Cor$oration ensures )uture com$liance ith evolving standards +y actively involving 5ey $ersonnel in SQL standards committees4 The industry-acce$ted committees are ':SI and International Standards #rgani"ation 6IS#84 1oth ':SI and IS# have acce$ted SQL as the standard language )or relational data+ases4 Statement Description SELECT INSERT UPDATE DELETE MERGE CREATE ALTER DROP RENAME TRUNCATE COMMENT GRANT REVOKE COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT Retrie es data from the database! enters new rows! changes e"isting rows! and remo es unwanted rows from tables in the database! respecti ely# Collecti ely $nown as data manipulation language %DM&' Sets up! changes! and remo es data structures from tables# Collecti ely $nown as data definition language %DD&'

(ro ides or remo es access rights to both the Oracle Database and the structures within it Manages the changes made by DM& statements# Changes to the data can be grouped together into logical transactions

De elopment &n ironments for $01 $01 De eloper This course is develo$ed using #racle SQL Develo$er as the tool )or running the SQL statements discussed in the e%am$les in the lessons and the $ractices4 SQL Develo$er version 14M4E is shi$$ed ith #racle Data+ase 11 g3 and is the de)ault tool )or this class4 $013#lus The SQL20lus environment can also +e used to run all SQL commands covered in this course4 .ote See '$$endi% C )or in)ormation a+out using SQL Develo$er3 including sim$le instructions on installing version 14M4E4 See '$$endi% D )or in)ormation a+out using SQL20lus4

"uman +esources 4"+5$chema Description

The <uman Resources 6<R8 schema is a $art o) the #racle Sam$le Schemas that can +e installed in an #racle Data+ase4 The $ractice sessions in this course use data )rom the <R schema4 'able Descriptions RE(I#:S contains ro s that re$resent a region such as 'merica3 'sia3 and so on4 C#U:TRIES contains ro s )or countries3 each o) hich is associated ith a region4 L#C'TI#:S contains the s$eci)ic address o) a s$eci)ic o))ice3 arehouse3 or $roduction site o) a com$any in a $articular country4 DE0'RT*E:TS sho s details a+out the de$artments in hich the em$loyees or54 Each de$artment may have a relationshi$ re$resenting the de$artment manager in the E*0L#?EES ta+le4 E*0L#?EES contains details a+out each em$loyee or5ing )or a de$artment4 Some em$loyees may not +e assigned to any de$artment4 ,#1S contains the /o+ ty$es that can +e held +y each em$loyee4 ,#1L<IST#R? contains the /o+ history o) the em$loyees4 I) an em$loyee changes de$artments ithin a /o+ or changes /o+s ithin a de$artment3 a ne ro is inserted into this ta+le ith the earlier /o+ in)ormation o) the em$loyee4

'ables Used in the Course The )ollo ing main ta+les are used in this course: E*0L#?EES ta+le: (ives details o) all the em$loyees DE0'RT*E:TS ta+le: (ives details o) all the de$artments ,#1L(R'DES ta+le: (ives details o) salaries )or various grades

'$art )rom these ta+les3 you ill also use the other ta+les listed in the $revious slide such as the L#C'TI#:S and the ,#1L<IST#R? ta+le4 .ote: The structure and data )or all the ta+les are $rovided in '$$endi% 14

Oracle Database 11g Documentation :avigate to htt$:99 4oracle4com9$ls9d+11&9home$age to access the #racle Data+ase 11g documentation li+rary4 $ummar! Relational data+ase management systems are com$osed o) o+/ects or relations4 They are managed +y o$erations and governed +y data integrity constraints4 #racle Cor$oration $roduces $roducts and services to meet your RD1*S needs4 The main $roducts are the )ollo ing: #racle Data+ase 11g ith hich you store and manage in)ormation +y using SQL #racle !usion *iddle are ith hich you develo$3 de$loy3 and manage modular +usiness services that can +e integrated and reused #racle Enter$rise *anager (rid Control & hich you use to manage and automate administrative tas5s across sets o) systems in a grid environment

$01 The #racle server su$$orts ':SI-standard SQL and contains e%tensions4 SQL is the language that is used to communicate ith the server to access3 mani$ulate3 and control data4 #ractice I: O er ie% In this $ractice3 you $er)orm the )ollo ing: Start #racle SQL Develo$er and create a ne to the ora1 account4 connection

Use #racle SQL Develo$er to e%amine data o+/ects in the ora1 account4 The ora1 account contains the <R schema ta+les4

:ote the )ollo ing location )or the la+ )iles: )ho%e)oracle)labs)s(l1)labs I) you are as5ed to save any la+ )iles3 save them in this location4 In any $ractice3 there may +e e%ercises that are $re)aced ith the $hrases FI) you have timeG or FI) you ant an e%tra challenge4G ;or5 on these e%ercises

only i) you have com$leted all other e%ercises ould li5e a )urther challenge to your s5ills4

ithin the allocated time and

0er)orm the $ractices slo ly and $recisely4 ?ou can e%$eriment ith saving and running command )iles4 I) you have any -uestions at any time3 as5 your instructor4 .ote: 'll ritten $ractices use #racle SQL Develo$er as the develo$ment environment4 'lthough it is recommended that you use #racle SQL Develo$er3 you can also use SQL20lus that is availa+le in this course4