Code: 9A21701

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations, December/January 2013/14 FINITE ELEMENT & MODELING METHODS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) Discuss in detail about the concepts of FEM formulation. How is that FEM emerged as powerful tool? (b) Give the basic procedure in FEM taking the example of determining the area of a circle. 2 3 Discuss in detail about Rayleigh-Ritz method with an example. (a) Derive Hermite shape functions and also discuss its usefulness and limitations. Obtain the genetic form of finite element equations for a beam element. (b) Determine the deflection and stresses at the point of load application on a plate by considering two triangular elements shown in figure 1. Assume thickness t = 4 mm, Poissons ratio = 0.25 and youngs modulus E = 210 GPa. F = 120 N

300 mm 600 mm Figure.1 Derive the methodology to develop a stiffness matrix and load vector for a 2-neded beam element with 4 degrees of freedom. A beam of length 2 m is fixed at both ends. Estimate the deflection at the center of the beam where load is acting vertically downward of 10 kN. Divide the beam into two elements. Compare the solution with theoretical calculations. Take E = 2x1011 N/m2, A = 250 mm2. Derive the shape functions for a triangular linear element in global coordinate system. An axisymmetric ring element is shown in figure below. Derive the matrices, [B] and [D]. Take E = 2x105 N/mm2 and 2 50 3 50 1 100 3 1 2

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(a) Discuss the limitations of NASRTRAN package with some examples. (b) How to estimate the percentage error in automatic mesh generation technique? Explain. *****

Code: 9A21701

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations, December/January 2013/14 FINITE ELEMENT & MODELING METHODS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 Write short notes on: (i) Stiffness. (ii) Flexibility. (iii) Inertia and damping models. (iv) Transformable linkages (v) Degrees of freedom. 2 (a) Using local coordinate approach find the shape function of 2D triangular element. (b) Explain about simplex, complex and multiplex elements. (a) What are the various that can be considered in FEM approach? (b) A thick-walled pressure vessel is subjected to an internal pressure as shown in figure 1. Model the cross section of the pressure vessel by taking advantage of the symmetry of y the geometry and load condition. P x

Figure: 1 4 The stepped bar shown in figure 2 is subjected to an axial load of 100 lb at node 2. The youngs moduli of elements 1, 2 and 3 are given by 30 x 106, 20 x 106 and 10 x 106 psi, respectively. If the cross-sectional areas of elements 1, 2 and 3 are given by 3 x 3, 2 x 2 and 1 x 1 in respectively, determine the following: (i) Displacements of nodes 2 and 3. (ii) Stress in elements 1, 2 and 3. (iii) Reactions at nodes 1 and 4. Element 1 Element 2 Element 3

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3 15 20 Figure 2

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Explain the basics of numerical integration and Gauss quadrature. Explain about isoparametric, subparametric and superparametric representations. The Cartesian (global) coordinates of the corners of a tetrahedron element are given by (0,0,0), (1,0,0), (0,1,0) and (0,0,1). Find expressions for the natural (tetrahedral) coordinates L1, L2, L3 and L4. Determine the values of L1, L2, L3 and L4 at the point (x, y, z) = (0.25, 0.25, 0.25). (a) What are the different possible options of material properties? Explain them with relevant to finite element packages. (b) How to do the dynamic analysis in NISA package? Explain them for drawing the mode shapes. *****

Code: 9A21701

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations, December/January 2013/14 FINITE ELEMENT & MODELING METHODS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) Compare FEM with other methods of analysis. (b) Explain with examples what micro and macro mechanical models are. 2 (a) Explain about local and global coordinates. (b) Three-dimensional simplex elements are used to find the pressure distribution in a fluid medium. The (x, y, z) coordinates of nodes i, j, l, k and l of an element are given by (2, 4, 2), (0, 0, 0), (4, 0, 0) and (2, 0, 6) in. Find the shape functions Ni, Nj, Nk and Nl of the element. A rectangular plate with a v-notch is shown in figure 1. Model the plate using triangular elements by taking advantage of the symmetry of the system.

Figure. 1 4 What is meant by principle of minimum potential energy? Explain for a simple spring mass system. (a) Differentiate between Simpsons rule and Gauss quadrature. (b) Using Gaussian quadrature with n = 3, 4 and 5 evaluate

over the area of triangle.

(a) Explain the stress-strain relation matrix from first principles for 2D axisymmetric angular element. (b) How to analyze the symmetric boundary conditions for the 2D problems? Explain them with simple examples. Describe the C0, C1, C2 continuity of element. Explain them with suitable examples. (a) What are the different possible options of material properties? Explain them with relevant to finite element packages. (b) How to do the dynamic analysis in NISA package? Explain them for drawing the mode shapes. *****

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Code: 9A21701

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations, December/January 2013/14 FINITE ELEMENT & MODELING METHODS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 Write short notes on: (i) Substructures and super modules. (ii) Accuracy and complexity. (iii) Topology. (iv) Mapped coordinates. 2 (a) Explain in detail about the generalized coordinate approach. (b) Using generalized coordinate approach; find the shape function for a 2 nod bar element. (a) A beam of length 10 m fixed at one end and supported by roller at the other end carries a concentrated load of 100 kN at the centre of the span. Take E = 70 GPa and moment of inertia = 24 x 10-6 m4. Determine the deflection of the beam under load. (b) What are the various concepts to specify a node at discontinuities? (a) Explain which type of mass matrix gives more accurate natural frequencies. (b) How is consistent mass matrix derived? Describe the h-refinement and p-refinement of interpolation functions with respect to the iso-parametic elements. Determine the nodal displacement at node 2 and stress in each material and support reactions in the composite rod due to applied force P = 400 x 103 N and a temperature of 30 as shown in figure below. Aluminium 1 300 mm Aluminium A1 = 2400 mm2 L1 = 300 mm E1 = 0.7 x 105 N/mm2 7 Steel P 2

400 mm Steel A2 = 1200 mm2 L2 = 400 mm E2 = 2 x 105 N/mm2

(a) Explain polar symmetric boundary condition and explain method to estimate the Jacobin matrix. (b) Derive body force term for axi-symmetric problem. (a) What are the current trends in finite element analysis softwares? Explain the latest additive modules in ANSYS package. (b) Explain methodology to consider the loads and boundary conditions over the domain for different types of loads using ANSYS package. *****