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15.

1 Double Integrals

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EXERCISES 15.1
Finding Regions of Integration and Double Integrals
In Exercises 110, sketch the region of integration and evaluate the integral.
3 2 3 0 1 4 - 2x 2 0

21. 23. 25. 27. 29.

0 L 2 L 1 0 L y L 1 0 L 1 L 3>2 0 0 L L 1 e
x

dy dx
2y

22. 24. 26. 28. 30.

0 L y-2 L 1 0 L 1-x L ln 2

dx dy dy dx dx dy y dx dy

1 - x2

dx dy dy dx
9 - 4x 2

2
x

1. 3. 5. 7. 9.

0 L 0 L 0

s 4 - y 2 d dy dx
1

2. 4. 6. 8. 10.

0 L -2 L 2p

s x 2y - 2xy d dy dx
p

0 L 2

e L

4 - y2

-1 L -1 L p 0 L 0 L ln 8 1 L 1 0 0 L L 0 L y2 x

s x + y + 1 d dx dy x sin y dy dx
ln y

p L 0 L p 0 L 0 L 2 y
2

s sin x + cos y d dx dy y dy dx dx dy

16x dy dx
2

0 0 L L 2

sin x

21 - y

24 - x 2

0 L - 21 - y 2 L

3y dx dy

0 L - 24 - x 2 L

6x dy dx

e x + y dx dy

y 1 L L 4 0 1 L L

Evaluating Double Integrals


In Exercises 3140, sketch the region of integration, reverse the order of integration, and evaluate the integral. p p sin y 2 2 2y 2 sin xy dy dx 31. 32. y dy dx 0 L x 0 L x L L 1 1 2 4 - x2 xe 2y x 2e xy dx dy dy dx 33. 34. 4 - y 0 L y 0 L 0 L L
22ln 3 2ln 3 1>2

2x

3y 3e xy dx dy

3 y>2x e dy dx 2

In Exercises 1116, integrate over the given region.

11. Quadrilateral s x, y d = x> y over the region in the first quadrant bounded by the lines y = x, y = 2x, x = 1, x = 2 12. Square s x, y d = 1> s xy d 1 y 2 over the square 1 x 2,

35. 37. 38.

13. Triangle s x, y d = x 2 + y 2 over the triangular region with vertices (0, 0), (1, 0), and (0, 1) 14. Rectangle s x, y d = y cos xy over the rectangle 0 x p, 0 y 1 15. Triangle s u, y d = y - 2u over the triangular region cut from the first quadrant of the uy-plane by the line u + y = 1 16. Curved region s s, t d = e s ln t over the region in the first quadrant of the st-plane that lies above the curve s = ln t from t = 1 to t = 2 Each of Exercises 1720 gives an integral over a region in a Cartesian coordinate plane. Sketch the region and evaluate the integral.
0 -y

0 L 0 L

1>16

y>2 L

e x dx dy
5

36.

0 L 2x>3 L

e y dy dx

y1>4 L 8
3

cos s 16px d dx dy dy dx

4 0 L 2x y + 1 L

39. Square region 4R s y - 2x 2 d dA where R is the region bounded by the square x + y = 1 40. Triangular region 4R xy dA where R is the region bounded by the lines y = x, y = 2x, and x + y = 2

Volume Beneath a Surface z = s x, y d


41. Find the volume of the region bounded by the paraboloid z = x 2 + y 2 and below by the triangle enclosed by the lines y = x, x = 0, and x + y = 2 in the xy-plane. 42. Find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the cylinder z = x 2 and below by the region enclosed by the parabola y = 2 - x 2 and the line y = x in the xy-plane. 43. Find the volume of the solid whose base is the region in the xyplane that is bounded by the parabola y = 4 - x 2 and the line y = 3x, while the top of the solid is bounded by the plane z = x + 4. 44. Find the volume of the solid in the first octant bounded by the coordinate planes, the cylinder x 2 + y 2 = 4, and the plane z + y = 3.

17. 18. 19. 20.

-2 L y L 1 0 0 L L p>3

2 dp dy
21 - s2

s the py-plane d s the st-plane d s the tu-plane d s the uy-plane d

8t dt ds
sec t

-p>3L 0 L 3 0 L 1 L

3 cos t du dt 4 - 2u dy du y2

4 - 2u

Reversing the Order of Integration


In Exercises 2130, sketch the region of integration and write an equivalent double integral with the order of integration reversed.

Copyright 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley

1064

Chapter 15: Multiple Integrals

45. Find the volume of the solid in the first octant bounded by the coordinate planes, the plane x = 3, and the parabolic cylinder z = 4 - y 2. 46. Find the volume of the solid cut from the first octant by the surface z = 4 - x 2 - y. 47. Find the volume of the wedge cut from the first octant by the cylinder z = 12 - 3y 2 and the plane x + y = 2. 48. Find the volume of the solid cut from the square column x + y 1 by the planes z = 0 and 3x + z = 3. 49. Find the volume of the solid that is bounded on the front and back by the planes x = 2 and x = 1, on the sides by the cylinders y = ; 1> x, and above and below by the planes z = x + 1 and z = 0. 50. Find the volume of the solid bounded on the front and back by the planes x = ; p> 3, on the sides by the cylinders y = ; sec x , above by the cylinder z = 1 + y 2, and below by the xy-plane.

Theory and Examples


57. Circular sector Integrate s x, y d = 24 - x 2 over the smaller sector cut from the disk x 2 + y 2 4 by the rays u = p> 6 and u = p> 2. 58. Unbounded region Integrate s x, y d = 1> [s x 2 - x ds y - 1 d2>3] over the infinite rectangle 2 x 6 q , 0 y 2. 59. Noncircular cylinder A solid right (noncircular) cylinder has its base R in the xy-plane and is bounded above by the paraboloid z = x 2 + y 2 . The cylinders volume is
1 y 2 2-y

s x 2 + y 2 d dx dy. 0 L 0 1 L 0 L L Sketch the base region R and express the cylinders volume as a single iterated integral with the order of integration reversed. Then evaluate the integral to find the volume. V = 60. Converting to a double integral
2 0 L

s x 2 + y 2 d dx dy +

Evaluate the integral

s tan-1px - tan-1 x d dx.

Integrals over Unbounded Regions


Improper double integrals can often be computed similarly to improper integrals of one variable. The first iteration of the following improper integrals is conducted just as if they were proper integrals. One then evaluates an improper integral of a single variable by taking appropriate limits, as in Section 8.8. Evaluate the improper integrals in Exercises 5154 as iterated integrals. 1 51. dy dx 3 e-x x y 1 L L
q q q 1 1

(Hint: Write the integrand as an integral.) 61. Maximizing a double integral maximizes the value of What region R in the xy-plane

s 4 - x 2 - 2y 2 d dA? 6
R

52.

1> 21 - x 2

-1 L -1> 21 - x 2 L

s 2y + 1 d dy dx

Give reasons for your answer. 62. Minimizing a double integral minimizes the value of What region R in the xy-plane

53. 54.

-q L -q L q 0 L 0 L q

1 dx dy s x 2 + 1 ds y 2 + 1 d

xe -sx + 2yd dx dy

s x 2 + y 2 - 9 d dA? 6
R

Give reasons for your answer.

Approximating Double Integrals


In Exercises 55 and 56, approximate the double integral of (x, y) over the region R partitioned by the given vertical lines x = a and horizontal lines y = c. In each subrectangle, use s xk , yk d as indicated for your approximation.
n

63. Is it possible to evaluate the integral of a continuous function (x, y) over a rectangular region in the xy-plane and get different answers depending on the order of integration? Give reasons for your answer. 64. How would you evaluate the double integral of a continuous function (x, y) over the region R in the xy-plane enclosed by the triangle with vertices (0, 1), (2, 0), and (1, 2)? Give reasons for your answer. 65. Unbounded region
q q - qL -q L

6
R

s x, y d dA L a s xk , yk d Ak
k=1

Prove that
b b -b L
2

55. s x, y d = x + y over the region R bounded above by the semicircle y = 11 - x 2 and below by the x-axis, using the partition x = - 1, - 1> 2 , 0, 1> 4, 1> 2, 1 and y = 0 , 1> 2, 1 with s xk , yk d the lower left corner in the kth subrectangle (provided the subrectangle lies within R) 56. s x, y d = x + 2y over the region R inside the circle s x - 2 d2 + s y - 3 d2 = 1 using the partition x = 1 , 3> 2, 2, 5> 2, 3 and y = 2, 5> 2, 3, 7> 2, 4 with s xk , yk d the center (centroid) in the k th subrectangle (provided the subrectangle lies within R)

e -x

- y2

dx dy = lim = 4a

b: qL -b
q 0 L

e -x

- y2

dx dy

e -x dx b .

66. Improper double integral


1 3

Evaluate the improper integral

x2 dy dx. 2>3 0 L 0 s y - 1d L

Copyright 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley

15.1 Double Integrals

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COMPUTER EXPLORATIONS

Evaluating Double Integrals Numerically


Use a CAS double-integral evaluator to estimate the values of the integrals in Exercises 6770.
3 x 1 1

Use a CAS double-integral evaluator to find the integrals in Exercises 7176. Then reverse the order of integration and evaluate, again with a CAS.
1 4

71. 73. 74. 75.

0 L 2y L 2 0 L y3 L 2 0 L 0 L 2 x2

e x dx dy s x 2y - xy 2 d dx dy e xy dx dy

72.

0 L x L

x cos s y 2 d dy dx

67. 69. 70.

1 L 1 L 1 0 L 0 L 1 0 -1 L L 1

1 xy dy dx tan-1 xy dy dx

68.

0 L 0 L

e - sx

+ y2d

dy dx

422y

4 - y2

21 - x 2

3 21 - x2 - y2 dy dx

1 dy dx 0 x + y 1 L L

76.

1 dx dy 1 L y3 2x 2 + y 2 L

Copyright 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley

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