Table B.

6 Room-Temperature Linear Coefficient of Thermal

Expansion Values for Various Engineering Materials
Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Material

Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel

10

alloy
alloy
alloy
alloy
alloy

Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless

A36
1020
1040
4140
4340

alloy
alloy
alloy
alloy
alloy

304
316
405
440A
17-7PH

( C)

10

METALS AND METAL ALLOYS

Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
11.7
11.7
11.3
12.3
12.3

6.5
6.5
6.3
6.8
6.8

Stainless Steels
17.2
15.9
10.8
10.2
11.0

9.6
8.8
6.0
5.7
6.1

Cast Irons
Gray irons
Grade G1800
Grade G3000
Grade G4000

11.4
11.4
11.4

6.3
6.3
6.3

(F)

Table B.6 (Continued)

Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Material

10

Ductile irons
Grade 60-40-18
Grade 80-55-06

11.2
10.6

Alloy
Alloy
Alloy
Alloy
Alloy

1100
2024
6061
7075
356.0

C11000
C17200
C26000
C36000
C71500
C93200

(electrolytic tough pitch)

(berylliumcopper)
(cartridge brass)
(free-cutting brass)
(coppernickel, 30%)
(bearing bronze)

Alloy AZ31B
Alloy AZ91D

(C)

10

6.2
5.9

Aluminum Alloys
23.6
22.9
23.6
23.4
21.5

13.1
12.7
13.1
13.0
11.9

Cop
p er Alloys
17.0
16.7
19.9
20.5
16.2
18.0

9.4
9.3
11.1
11.4
9.0
10.0

Magnesium Alloys
26.0
26.0

14.4
14.4

Titanium Alloys
Commercially pure (ASTM grade 1)
8.6
Alloy Ti-5Al-2.5Sn
9.4
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V
8.6

4.8
5.2
4.8

Precious Metals
14.2
9.1
19.7

7.9
5.1
10.9

Gold (commerically pure)

Platinum (commercially pure)
Silver (commercially pure)

Refractory Metals
Molybdenum (commercially pure)
4.9
Tantalum (commercially pure)
6.5
Tungsten (commercially pure)
4.5
Miscellaneous Nonferrous Alloys
Nickel 200
13.3
Inconel 625
12.8
Monel 400
13.9
Haynes alloy 25
12.3
Invar
1.6
Super invar
0.72
Kovar
5.1
Chemical lead
29.3
Antimonial lead (6%)
27.2
Tin (commercially pure)
23.8
LeadTin solder (60Sn-40Pb)
24.0
Zinc (commercially pure)
23.032.5
Zirconium, reactor grade 702
5.9

( F)

2.7
3.6
2.5
7.4
7.1
7.7
6.8
0.9
0.40
2.8
16.3
15.1
13.2
13.3
12.718.1
3.3

Table B.6 (Continued)

Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Material

10

(C)

10

( F)

GRAPHITE, CERAMICS, AND SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS

Aluminum oxide
99.9% pure
7.4
4.1
96%
7.4
4.1
90%
7.0
3.9
Concrete
10.013.6
5.67.6
Diamond (natural)
0.111.23
0.060.68
Gallium arsenide
5.9
3.3
Glass, borosilicate (Pyrex)
3.3
1.8
Glass, sodalime
9.0
5.0
Glass ceramic (Pyroceram)
6.5
3.6
Graphite
Extruded
2.02.7
1.11.5
Isostatically molded
2.26.0
1.23.3
Silica, fused
0.4
0.22
Silicon
2.5
1.4
Silicon carbide
Hot pressed
4.6
2.6
Sintered
4.1
2.3
Silicon nitride
Hot pressed
2.7
1.5
Reaction bonded
3.1
1.7
Sintered
3.1
1.7
9.6
5.3
Zirconia, 3 mol% Y2O3
POLYMERS
Elastomers
Butadiene-acrylonitrile (nitrile)
Styrene-butadiene (SBR)
Silicone
Epoxy
Nylon 6,6
Phenolic
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
Polycarbonate (PC)
Polyester (thermoset)
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
Polyethylene
Low density (LDPE)
High density (HDPE)
Ultrahigh molecular weight
(UHMWPE)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

235
220
270
81117
144
122
108171
122
100180
7285

130
125
150
4565
80
68
6095
68
55100
4047

180400
106198
234360

100220
59110
130200

117
90162
146180
90150
126216
90180

65
5090
81100
5083
70120
50100

Table B.6 (Continued)

Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Material

10

(C)

10

( F)

FIBER MATERIALS
Aramid (Kevlar 49)
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
Carbon (PAN precursor)
Standard modulus
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
Intermediate modulus
Longitudinal direction
High modulus
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
E Glass
COMPOSITE
Aramid fibers-epoxy matrix (Vf 0.6)
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
High modulus carbon fibers-epoxy
matrix (Vf
0.6)
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
0.6)
E glass fibers-epoxy matrix (Vf
Longitudinal direction
Transverse direction
Wood
Douglas fir (12% moisture)
Parallel to grain
Perpendicular to grain
Red oak (12% moisture)
Parallel to grain
Perpendicular to grain

2.0
60

1.1
33

0.6
10.0

0.3
5.6

0.6

0.3

0.5
7.0
5.0

0.28
3.9
2.8

MATERIALS
4.0
70

2.2
40

0.5
32

0.3
18

6.6
30

3.7
16.7

3.85.1
25.433.8

2.22.8
14.118.8

4.65.9
30.639.1

2.63.3
17.021.7

Sources: ASM Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 2, Engineered Materials Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 4, Metals Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and
Pure Metals, Vol. 2, 9th edition, and Advanced Materials & Processes, Vol. 146, No.
4, ASM International, Materials Park, OH; Modern Plastics Encyclopedia 96, The
McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, NY; R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, Composite Structures and Technologies, tutorial notes, 1989; and manufacturers technical
data sheets.