MATERIAL BALANCE ON A TRANSIENT PROCESS IN A PERFECTLY MIXED STIRRED TANK The aim of the experimenta !

or" a) the determination of the evolution of the concentration during a transient process which takes place into a perfectly mixed stirred tank b) the comparison between the experimental and theoretical data Theoreti#a $a#"%ro&n' Mass balances are accounting tools that we use to keep track of how much stuff is in a given space; they can be viewed as formal statements of the law of conservation of mass. They represent the starting point either explicitly or implicitly for almost any analysis. They allow us to keep track of material as it is transported physically or transformed chemically. ! stirred tank filled with a solution may be considered perfectly mixed if the concentration of solid in the output stream e"uals that inside the tank. #n the case$
Gm ,I = Gm ,O = Gm = ct .

the relationships between the concentration of solid in the tank and the time during the transient process is given by the e"uation$
w A = w A ,I ( w A ,I w A ,0 ) e t / t t= V Gv

%ymbols$ w & the mass fraction of the solid ' & the flow rate ( & the volume of the tank t & the time

%ubscripts$ ! & the solid m & mass v & volume # & input ) & output *+ initial
wA wA,0

wA wA,I

wA,0

wA,I 0

tt

tt

wA ,I > wA ,0

w A ,I < w A ,0

Fi%&re ( The variation of concentration inside the vessel as a function of time Experimenta mea)&rement) The experimental device is composed by a laboratory stirred tank with ( , * -. which is initially filled with a /a0l concentrated solution. 1uring the transient process a constant water flow rate is feed into the tank and the obtained solution is withdrawn from the tank at the same rate. The flow rate is measured with a flowmeter and it must be keeped constant at 2*+23 .4h. The values of concentration inside the vessel at several values of time are measured by the conductometric method using a calibration curve. The most important property of a conductor is the amount of current it will carry when a voltage is applied. 0onductance is the inverse of resistance. To measure this property the siemens is the reciprocal of the ohm. The %# unit of electric conductance susceptance and admittance is )iemen) *S+. The conductance is a function of the concentration of the solution. The obtained values for the concentration will be compared in a diagram with the values obtained by using the theoretical e"uation. The measured and calculated values could be recorded in the following table$ /o. + t min electric conductance m%4cm w! exp w!

Referen#e) 5. 1anciu 'r. 6o7ga Bazele ingineriei chimice cu aplicatii, .itografia #86 29-3. T.1. 1anciu 8aula 8ostelnicescu !nca Madalina 1umitrescu :.%. )nofrei Bazele Ingineriei Chimice, vol.2 5d. ;air 8artners 6ucuresti <**=. Fi%, - 0alibration curve

Relatia conductivitate - concentratie masica (temperatura 21oC)

0.09
Concentratie NaCl (fractii masice)

0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

y = 1,0848E-06x2 + 5,8345E-04x

Conductivitate mS/cm