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POWER SYSTEM - II
One mark Question Answer for VI Semester EEE
L- Scheme
Prepared by
Senthil G. Kumar
Vice Principal & HOD/EEE Ranganathan Polytechnic College Coimbatore 641109.
POWER SYSTEM II
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIT- I : DISTRIBUTION 1. What are the major parts in a distribution system? Feeder Distributer Service Main What is a feeder? Feeder is nothing but a conductor which is used to connect the substation with a particular distributer. There is no tapping in Feeder. Name the two types of AC distribution system? Primary Distribution System Secondary Distribution System Classify the distribution system based on connection. Radial Distribution System Ring Main Distribution System Interconnected Distribution System Write any two advantages of radial system. Initial cost is Low. Circuit is simple. List down the various systems of power distribution. DC system Single phase AC system Two phase AC system Three phase AC system What is meant by substation? Substation is a system having the apparatuses like Power Transformer, Isolators, which are used to transmit the power in continuously.
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Prepared by Senthil G. Kumar, Vice Principal, Ranganathan Polytechnic College, Coimbatore 109.
POWER SYSTEM II
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What are the assumptions to be made while comparing the cost of conductors of an OH system? Power in each system must be equal Distance of Power transmission in each system is same. Losses in each system must be same. The Maximum voltage across Line and Earth of all system must be same. Balanced Load in Three wire system is must. Name the classification of substation. Transformer substation Switching substation Converting substation Industrial substation
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10. Write down the substation according to constructional features. Indoor substation Outdoor substation Underground substation 11. List out the disadvantages of outdoor substation. Construction is Simple. Initial cost for construct the equipments are low. Time required to construct this substation is less. 12. Name the important equipments used in substation. Bus Bar Power Transformer Circuit Breakers Insulators Measuring Instruments Isolators Instruments Transformer Lightning Arresters.
POWER SYSTEM II
13. What are the different types of bus bar arrangements? Single Bus bar arrangement Double Bus bar arrangement Ring Bus bar arrangement 14. List any two auxiliary equipments in substation. Emergency Lighting Measuring Instruments and Relays 15. Write the important points to be considered while laying out a substation. Substation is constructed nearby Load Centre. It has minimum Initial cost. It should be operate and maintain in simple. The construction should be Reliable. 16. What is the cost of AC 3 3wire system with 2 wire DC system? Cost of AC 3 3wire system is ( 0.5 /Cos2 ) times that of 2 wire DC system. 17. Differentiate radial and ring distribution system? Radial distribution system The distributor nearby Feeder takes maximum Load. So, Voltage fluctuation is more. Consumer depends on one Feeder and distributer. If any fault on them total supply to consumer may cut off. Ring main distribution system Voltage fluctuation is Less.
Each distributor has two Feeder connections. So, Fault of one feeder cannot affect the continuity of Power to consumer. It is more reliable.
18. List the main advantage of Interconnected System. Load sharing to nearby Generating station is possible at Peak Load period.
POWER SYSTEM II
19. List the main disadvantage Ring bus bar system. Establish new connections are very hard process. Any one circuit breaker is open, then the total circuit has over Load. 20. List the types of Outdoor substation. Pole mounted Substation & Foundation mounted substation.
POWER SYSTEM II
UNIT- II : INDUSTRIAL DRIVES 1. What is meant by electric drive? Electrical drive means the drive delivers mechanical output by electrical input. 2. What are the advantages of electric drives over other drives? Simple in construction & Maintenance cost is low. Smooth and easy speed control can be obtained. Pollution free and Less space required. 3. Name the important parts of an electric drives. Load Motor & Control Unit. 4. State the different types of electric drives. Individual drive Group drive Multimotor drive 5. What are the advantages of group drive? Initial cost is lower than individual drive. All works can be stop at a time. Less space required than individual drive. Maintenance cost also lower than individual drive. 6. List down the classification at electric motors. A.C Motors o Single phase ac motors o Three phase ac motors D.C Motors o DC Series Motors o DC Shunt Motors o DC Compound Motors
POWER SYSTEM II
7. Draw the speed- torque characteristics curve of DC shunt motor.
8. Draw the running characteristics of universal motor.
9. What are the factors to be considered for selection of motors? Starting Characteristics Running Characteristics Speed Control Braking 10.Name the different types of enclosures used in motors? Open type enclosures Screen protected type enclosures Drip proof type enclosures Totally enclosed type enclosures Splash proof type enclosures Flame proof type enclosures Pipe ventilated type enclosures 11.Write down the uses of bearing. Bearing is used to reduce the friction of rotating Machine and used to rotate freely.
POWER SYSTEM II
12.Name the different types of transmission drives. Direct drive Belt drive Rope drive Chain drive Gear drive 13.What is meant by continuous rating? A motor delivers continues output without exceeding its rated temperature is known as continuous rating. 14.What is meant by regenerative braking? Motor acts as a generator and the power supply is feedback to mains and a braking torque is obtained to brake the motor is known as regenerative braking. 15.State which type of motor in used for Cranes. D.C. Series Motors. Cranes need high starting torque, so DC series motors are suitable. 16.List the types of electrical braking? Dynamic Braking [ Rheostatic Braking] Plugging Regenerative Braking 17.State the advantages of electrical braking. Heat produced by this braking does not affect the system. It is smooth and cheep cost. System capacity can be raised by applying electrical braking. 18.Why DC series motor is started with load? It has high starting torque and high speed at No Load. So, to control the speed in a limitation, we start DC series motor with Load.
POWER SYSTEM II
19.State which type of motor in used for textile mills. In Textile mills Group drives are used. It requires constant speed and high starting toque motor. So, Double cage Induction motors are used for this purpose. 20.Which motor is used for paper mill? In paper mills, the rollers in conveyer and other places are need constant speed and relative speed to one another. So, AC synchronous motor or Schrage Motor is used for Paper Mills.
POWER SYSTEM II
UNIT III : ELECTRIC TRACTION 1. State any two requirements of ideal traction system. It has High starting torque. Withstand of Over Load in a short duration is essential. It should have high efficiency. Track depreciation must be in small. Simple speed control method is adopted. No interference of Telecommunication system. 2. List down the systems used for traction. Steam Engine drive Internal Combustion Engine drive Battery Electric drive Internal Combustion Engine Electric drive Electric drive 3. What are the advantages of battery electric drive? Pollution free. [ There is no flu gas or smoke ] Maintenance cost is low. 4. Write the disadvantages of diesel electric traction system. Track modification is not necessary, so Initial cost is low. More Load is possible over than steam engine drive. Power loss in speed control is less. Time taken for overhauling and maintenance is low. More reliable and high efficiency than steam engine drive. Train and Locomotive are combined in one unit. Obtaining of service in any time is possible. 5. Name the two methods of supplying power to electric traction. Conductor rail system Over head system
POWER SYSTEM II
6. Name the types of collection used for current collection. Bow Collector Pantograph Collector 7. Write down the different system of track electrification. D.C system Single phase low frequency AC system Single phase high frequency AC system Three phase AC system Composite system 8. What are the advantages of 1 low frequency AC system? High efficiency. Improves power factor. Less no. of substation is enough. 9. State the other name for 1 to 3 system. Kando System. 10.List down the advantages of 25KV, 50HZ AC system. Light overhead catenaries Less number of Substations Simplicity of Substation design Less Capital cost. Higher starting efficiency. 11.What is the use of booster transformer? In AC traction method, the return current of Locomotive flows through Rail, earth and reaches Substation. Due to Earth usage it will interfere communication line. To reduce this telecommunication interference Booster Transformer is used in Traction purpose.
POWER SYSTEM II
12.What are the different connections of booster transformer? Rail connected Booster System Booster Transformer with return Feeder. 13.Define: Free running period. The period which Train runs in a constant speed is known as Free running period. In this period, motor takes full voltage and power from supply. 14.Name the three types of electric traction services. Urban Services Semi Urban Services Main Line Services 15.Draw the speed-time curve for main line service.
16.Define crest speed. The Maximum speed attain by a train at running time is called as Crest Speed or Maximum Speed. 17.What is schedule speed? It is defined as the ratio between distance between two stops and sum of actual running time & stop time. Distance between two stops Schedule speed = --------------------------------------------Actual Running Time + Stop Time
POWER SYSTEM II
18.Define: tractive effort. The Effective force required in the wheel of train tends to move is known as Tractive effort. It is denoted as newtons. 19.Define specific energy consumption. It is the energy consumed per ton of mass of the train per Kilometer of the run. Total energy consumed in Whr Specific Energy Consumption = --------------------------------------------------Train Mass (Ton) X Run length (KM) 20.What are the factors that effecting specific energy consumption. Distance between stops Acceleration and Retardation Gradient Train Resistance Types of train equipment 21.Name the motors used for traction purpose. D.C Series motor A.C Series motor Repulsion motor Three phase induction motor Linear induction motor 22.Why control equipment is required? To prevent the motor takes high current at the time of starting. To ensure smooth acceleration without any disturbance of coupling & Travelers. To adjust the speed depends upon the Type of service and route condition.
POWER SYSTEM II
23.What are the methods used for starting a DC traction motor? Plain Rheostatic starting Series-Parallel starting Metadyne control 24.What is meant by braking? Braking is a process to stop the traction motor when it is rotate after disconnecting the collector by means of inertia. 25.State any two requirements of braking system. Braking system must be strong to stop the vehicle. Easy to operate. It should have unbreakable moving parts. It should not affect with moisture and oil. It should be less maintenance. It should not make any vibration or jerk on applying of brake. 26.Name the two types of braking. Mechanical Braking Electrical Braking 27.List down the braking system under mechanical braking. Pneumatic Braking Magnetic Braking Vacuum braking 28.What are the disadvantages of regenerative braking? Requirement of additional equipments, Capital cost is high. In D.C traction system, size of the DC motor can be in large.
POWER SYSTEM II
UNIT IV : ILLUMINATION 1. What is illumination? An amount of light energy falls in a unit area is known as illumination. It is denoted as the Letter E and Its unit is lux. 2. Define: candle power. It expresses levels of light intensity in terms of the light emitted by a candle of specific size and constituents. In modern usage Candlepower equates directly to the unit known as the candela. 3. Define: Luminous flux. The Luminous flux is defined as the total quantity of light per second from a luminous body. The unit is lumens. 4. Define: Solid angle. The angle subtended at a point in space by an area is called Solid angle. It is denoted by the symbol , and its unit is steradian. 5. What is M.S.C.P? Mean Spherical Candle Power is the average of candle power of a source of light in all directions in all the planes. Unit is Candela. 6. What is glare? Glare is experienced when a source of light, in the field of view interferes with seeing. It is classified into Direct and Indirect Glare. 7. Define: space height ratio. The ratio of horizontal distance between lamps and mounting height of the lamps is defined as Space Height Ratio. 8. What is the value for depreciation factor commonly used? The value for depreciation factor commonly used is 0.8
POWER SYSTEM II
9. Define: absorption factor and reflection factor. The ratio between reflected light and incident light is defined as reflection factor. 10.What are the essential qualities of a good lighting system? It can be make required illumination. It can be spread constant lighting over working plane. It should not have Glare and Shadow. It can be lighted with suitable colour of light. It can be avoid the over contrast. 11.Define: inverse square law. The illumination of a surface is inversely proportional to the square of the distance the source to surface. 12.Define: Lamberts cosine law. The illumination is directly proportional to the cosine of angle between the Normal and the lines of flux. 13.Name the resources of light? Natural sources Artificial sources
14.List out the electrical sources of light. Incandescent Lamps Arc Lamps Gaseous discharge Lamps 15.What are the advantages of halogen lamp? Size is small. Lifetime is high. ( about 2000 Hrs) Does not form Black smoke inside the lamp, so output does not affect.
POWER SYSTEM II
16.Name of the classification in discharge lamp. Sodium Vapor Lamp Neon Lamp High Pressure mercury vapor lamp Fluorescent Lamp 17.Define: stroboscopic effect. The fluorescent lamp shows a small amount of flickering when it is operated in AC supply. It has 50 times dark and 50 times bright in a second. This flickering effect is known as Stroboscopic effect. 18.How stroboscopic effect can be avoided? Connect adjacent tube lights in various phase supply in Three phase system. Twin tube light fittings are used in single phase system. 19.Compare filament lamp and fluorescent lamp. Filament lamp Fluorescent lamp Initial cost is Low. Initial cost is high. Stroboscopic effect is not possible. Stroboscopic effect is possible Life time is short. ( about 1000 Hrs ) Life time is 5 times over than filament lamp. Lumens output varies by means of Choke is used to absorb the voltage fluctuations. variation and output lumens maintains nearly constant. 20.Name the types of lighting scheme? Direct lighting In direct lighting Semi-direct lighting Semi-indirect lighting General lighting
POWER SYSTEM II
21.Write the illumination level required for bed room and fitting shop. Level of illumination required for bed room is 60 100 Lumens/m2 Level of illumination required for Fitting shop is 200 250 Lumens/m2 22.What are the factors to be considered while designing lighting scheme? Utilization factor Depreciation factor and Maintenance factor Waste light factor Space height ratio 23. Where flood lighting scheme is used? Public places and Historical places. Garden lightings on Public park in night time. Advertisement Boards and Publicity posters. Railways and Car parking. Play grounds or stadiums.
POWER SYSTEM II
UNIT-V : ELECTRIC HEATING AND WELDING 1. What are the advantages of electric heating? Economically best. Efficiency is high. Pollution free, because of absence of unwanted gas. Easy to control. Low maintenance cost. Automatic Production. 2. List out the classification of heating methods based on temperature? Low temperature heating (up to 4000C) Medium temperature heating ( 4000C 11500C ) High temperature heating (above 11500C) 3. Name the modes of heat transfer? Conduction Convection Radiation 4. Define: radiation. In this method, heat is transferred from one to another place by means of heat waves. It does not heat the medium in between these two places. Heat waves heat the materials which oppose it. 5. How electric heating can be classified? Power Frequency Heating High Frequency Heating 6. What are the advantages of high frequency eddy current heating? Cost is cheap. Power loss is less. Accurate & Automatic control is possible.
POWER SYSTEM II
7. List the applications of dielectric heating. Food processing. Wood processing. Drying purpose in textile industry. 8. What are the requirements of heating element materials? High resistivity. Low temperature co-efficient of resistance. High melting point. Free from oxidation. Withstand vibrations. 9. Write down the commonly used heating element materials and their mixing rates. Nickel Chromium alloy 80% nickel and 20% chromium. Nickel Chromium Iron alloy 65% nickel, 15% chromium and 20% iron. 10.State any two property of nickel-chromium. Resistance value is 1.03 X 10-6 ohm-m. Melting point is 13750C Limiting temperature is 10000C 11.Give the temperature range obtained from the arc by using white graphite or carbon electrode. The temperature range obtained from the arc by using white graphite or carbon electrode is 30000C to 35000C. 12.Name the two types of arc furnace. Direct Arc Furnace In direct Arc Furnace
POWER SYSTEM II
13.How can control the arc furnace? Adjust the distance between electrodes and change the arc gap and get the change in resistance in Arc. Tap changing in transformer primary leads to change the voltage across the furnace. 14.What are the advantages of coreless induction furnace? Time to reach melting point is low. Accurate power control can be done. There is no smoke, unwanted gas and noise. Capital cost is low. 15.Name the major types of electric welding. Resistance welding Arc welding 16.What are the types of resistance welding? Butt welding Spot welding Seam welding Projection welding Flash welding 17.What are the types of arc welding? Carbon arc welding Metal arc welding Atomic hydrogen arc welding Inert gas metal arc welding Submerged arc welding 18.List out the requirements of good welding. Joint surface of welded metal must be same in all places. Width of welding is constant over the welding. Over lap, under cut and cavities are not presented in the welded surface.
POWER SYSTEM II
19.What are the electrodes used for welding? Bare electrodes Lightly coated electrodes Heavily coated electrodes 20.Name the methods used for controlling welding current. Tapped reactor method Moving coil method Magnetic shunt method Saturable reactor method

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POWER SYSTEM - II

One mark Question Answer for VI Semester EEE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

7. Draw the speed- torque characteristics curve of DC shunt motor.

8. Draw the running characteristics of universal motor.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

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