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PSLE Questions (25 Mar 2012)

1)
A lorry left Town A for Town B at the same time when a van left Town B for Town A. The average speed for the lorry is 88 km/h while the average speed of the van was 64 km/h. The two vehicles met each other at a point 33 km from the midpoint between Town A and Town B. What is the distance between Town A and Town B?

Solution:
X Lorry (88km/h) Midpoint Met Y

19 u

33 km 3u 16 u Van Total 64 8 16 19

Van (64 km/h)

Ratio of Distance = Speed

Lorry : 88 11 22 : : : 33 km

2 38

3 units 1 unit 38 units

33 km 3 = 11 km 11 km 38 = 418 km

Ans. The distance between Town A and Town B is 418 km.

2)

Tricia left Town X for Town Y at 11.30 am. She travelled at an average speed of 75 km/h. At 12.15 pm, Sylvester left Town X for Town Y, travelling on the same route at an average speed of 100 km/h. a) b) At what time would Sylvester overtake Tricia? After Sylvester had overtaken Tricia, he took another 2 hours to reach Town Y. What was the distance between Town X and Town Y?

Solution:
Diff in Distance = 75 = 56.25 km

overtook Y

X Tricia

75 km/h 11.30 pm Sylvester 12.15 pm 100 km/h

12.15 pm

Catch up time =

=2 h

1215 + 0215 = 1430 Distance = 100 ( + 2)


= 425 km Ans. (a) (b) 2.30 pm 425 km

3)

The speed of the water current of a canal is 8 km/h. Jared wanted to paddle his boat down the canal from Point A to Point B which was 36 km apart. After paddling from A for 30 minutes at an average speed of 12 km/h, he stopped paddling for 45 minutes before he started paddling again at the same speed. Find the time required for him to travel from Point A to Point B?

Solution:
Down A 36 km B

30 mins (12 + 8) km/h Distance = 20


45 mins 8 km/h Distance =8


(12 + 8) km/h Distance = 36 10 6 = 20 km Time =


= 10 km

= 6 km

= 1 hours

Total time taken:

1 2 hours

Ans. He took hours to travel from Point A to Point B.

4)

At 1100, a motorcycle left Town X, travelling towards Town Y at a constant speed. 2 hour later, a van started from Town X and travelled along the same road. The van overtook the motorcycle at 1600 hours. The speed of the van was 40 km/h faster than the motorcycle. a) b) c) Find the speed of the motorcycle. If the van was 80 km from Town Y at 1600 hours, find the distance between Town X and Town Y. How far was the motorcycle away from Town Y when the van reached Town Y?

Solution:
X Motorcycle
1100 1300 Diff in Distance = Diff in Speed Catch Up Time = 40 3 =120 km

overtook

Van
1300 1600

80 km

Speed of motorcycle =

= 60 km/h Distance from Town X to Town Y = 60 km/h 5 h + 80 km = 300 km + 80 km = 380 km


Ratio of speed Motorcycle 60 3
16

: : : :

Van 100 5
16

48

80

80 km 48 km = 32 km

Ans.

(a) (b) (c)

60 km/h 380 km 32 km

5)

Chloe and Daren travelled from Town Y to Town Z at the same time. The distance between Town Y and Town Z is 20 km. Chloe rides on her bicycle for half the distance and runs for the rest of the way. Daren rides his bicycle for half his total time and runs for the rest of the time. Both their cycling speed is 20 km/h, and their running speed is 10 km/h. a) b) How long did Chloe take to reach Town Z? How long did Danny take to reach Town Z?

Solution:
Y Chloe Cycles
Distance = 10 km Speed = 20 km/h Time = h

20 km Runs
Distance = 10 km Speed = 10 km/h Time = 1h

Ratio of Speed

Cycles 20 30 u 1u

: : 20 km

Runs 10

Y Danny Cycles
Distance = 20 u Speed = 20 km/h Time = h

20 km Runs
Distance = 10 u Speed = 10 km/h Time = h

Ans. (a) (b)

1 + = hour

hour

6)

Evangeline, Faye, Grace and Helen decided to share the cost of a present equally. As Helen did not bring any money, the other 3 girls paid Helens share. Grace paid

of what Evangeline and Faye paid. Evangeline paid $8 less than Faye. The next

day, Helen paid her three friends. Helen paid Grace $72 more than what each of them had to pay. a) b) How much did Evangeline and Faye pay altogether? How much did Helen pay Evangeline?

Solution:
Evangeline 1 unit 9 parts 18 parts Each of them paid: Faye 1 unit + $8 : : 5 parts 10 parts 28 parts Grace

28 parts 4 = 7 parts

10 parts 7 parts = 3 parts 3 parts 1 part 7 parts 18 parts 2 units + $8 2 units 1 unit $72 $72 3 = $24 $24 7 = $168 $24 18 = $432 $432 $432 - $8 = $424 $424 2 = $212

$212 - $168 = $44

Ans. (a) (b)

$432 $44

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