pegaGood Tension, Bad Tension?
Unraveling the Honda K-Series timing chain tensioner mystery with Hybrid Racing
‘ackin 2005 whon | frst
swaoped a K20K2 RSKType-S
Jengne into my EG Gvic ace car,
‘one ofthe fist mods I made to
itwas a se of Scunk2 Stage 1 camshafts.
The idea was tokeepthe engine bull fairy
mild given the stress one-hour Touring Car
races put en a motor. With these cams an¢
the usual bot-one and a Hondata K-Pr0 for
engine management, the cthervise siock
20 pumped outa very respectable 222
horses atthe frnt wheels, enough to win all
six Touring Car races| did that year.
{also pi quite a few extra race miles on
the engine that year, competing a few
time attack evexts and gong to a nunber
‘of lapping days on to ofthe Touring Car
races. Then, qute unexpectedly the engine
suffered a timing chain tensioner faire
while testing sone different nteke systems
con the dyro. Asluck would have, the
tensioner fled during coostdown on the
last dyno pull ofthe day, so we didn't even
realize thee was a problem unt we were
ate to restart the engine. Atthe time
we were al scretching ourheads, but after
atte wrenchirg we discovered te timing
chain had lost tension A ite Googling and
it became clear tat the O= timing chain
tensioner was aknown problem” when
using aftermarket camshafts and was in
fact the culprit on my K20, bt nobody had
reall investigate the reason behind these
failues. Uni now.
Hyoria Racing Isa night respected name
in the Honda K-Series engine-svap world,
‘owned and operated by a smal group of
20 NoDineD nuGAZINE
Honda enthusiasts dedicate to making
Series swaps as painless as possible.
Hybrid has also been bringing some innora-
tive new products te market for K svappers,
incldingits new shifter box that eliminates
theneed to cut the center tunel inorder
to achieve OEM shifter placement and now
the company’s soor-to-be-eleased timing
chain tersioner. Question is, how does HR's
tensioner address any inadequacies inthe
‘OEM tensione, and what exacly are those
inadequacies anyway?
Before getting into Hybrid's detective
‘Work on the OE tensioner ana design of ts
stronger eplacement unt lt’ fist take
a closer look at what the timing chain ten
loner is designed to do. The timing chain (or
be inthe case of older Honda engines) is.
hat lnks the eranishaftto the camshafis,
controling valve timing in the process.
the chan were to lose tension and skip a
few teeth onthe crank cr cam sprockets,
valve fining would. thrown of, sulting in
‘power loss and possible piston-to-valvecon-
tact. To prevent tis scenario, Honda uses a
thydrauleally actusted tensioner that places
2 force on the timing chain guide to maintain
proper chain tension. And since the chain
‘can stretch toth elastically (impermanenty)
and plasticaly (permanently the tensioner
is lo designed te automatically sdjustto
variation inte chain's length.
How does ne tensioner aqust aut
cally? As you can See from the oess-section
Images, there's a simple one-way check
valve assembly a the base ofthe large
central spring anda release valve at the
‘opposite end nsice the tensioner isto
These valves allow olf te flow through the
tensioner assembly, applying the appropriate
force tothe inner surface of te tensioner
piston that in turn applies the appropri-
ate force tothe ctain guide. You'l also
notice a small ratcheting mechanism that
interfaces with the tootied cuter surface of
the piston, which mits piston morement in
and outto about 2 0.25-inc, permitting the
tensioner to take up any slack in the chain
ast etches. The large man sprng att
center ofthe tensioner may lok Ikea vital
‘component, but it actually has alow spring
fate and is jst there to provide abit ofextra
tension when ol pressure is ow, such 2s
during crankng and il.
Alin all, the factory K-Seies tensioner is
‘a clever piece of engineering, anc tobe fairnas
taHonda there is nothing interently wrong,
with its design when used as intended on
‘9 stook Series engine, According to Fuss
Garehan from Hybrid Racing, “We have
net been able to find any cases of chain
teasiona failure cn a well maintained
‘unmodified engine. The tensioners are only
faling when they are subjected to forces
sgreaterthan they were designed for, such as
those created by the more aggressive profile
of aftomarkat cane and highor spring rates
of aftermarket vale springs. These higher
loads wear out te teeth on the ratcheting
mechanism used on the tersioner. If the
twoth woar out enough, the piston can be
pushed inte the tensioner far enough to
allow slackin the chain, which can result in
skipped teeth onthe cam gears and poten
tial damage to the motor.”
BButiat’s notte ony issue Hyori Racing
found withthe OEM tensioner. According
to Russ, “The only thing that prevents the
piston from rotatng oF spinning inthe ton
ssoneris the groove inthe chain guide that
the tensioner piston fits into”
SEU TRO a ns
AS eS Ce
Ue TY
ee cet eer
Portes
ret
ene
Cees
eM aee e
ed ee ee
eee eee
Specifically developed for
Fara ed
Umer Nd
effective at ALL RPM
Se er
SUPER
DAMPER
To address these two main concers,
Hybrid Racing fist tumed its attention tothe