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NESA Support Package

IAEA Tools for Nuclear Energy System Modelling

IAEA/INPRO group

Part II IAEA Tools for Nuclear Energy System Modelling

Content
Introduction
Modelling of NES Specification of the NESof NES; Modelling of NES using IAEA codes

NES modelling code toolbox


DESAE NFCSS MESSAGE
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Modelling of NES
Tools
MAED, MESSAGE, WASP, FINPLAN, SIMPACT, Development of energy demand scenarios National, regional, global

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Energy system planning

Evaluation of energy supply options National, regional, global National, regional, global Specification of the potential role of nuclear power to contribute to mix of energy supply

DESAE, NFCSS, MESSAGE

Selection of components of NES Modelling of NES Assembling information needed for assessment of NES

Modelling of NES

NESA using the INPRO methodologycvcc

Assessment of NES against all INPRO methodology criteria of economics, infrastructure, waste management, proliferation resistance, physical protection, environment, and safety. Define new RD&D or redefine RD&D Modify NES goals All INPRO
Criteria fulfilled?

NO
Technology Developer YES

NO
Technology User

Sustainable NES

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Specification of the NES ;


1. Full scope a. Technology developers

2. Limited scope

b. Experienced tech. users

3. Awareness

c. Newcomers

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Modelling of NES using IAEA codes


NES modelling activities help to select a
NES. INPRO is offering support to select/define a NES via providing analytical IAEA tools that can help to define a NES (or several NESs), in particular MESSAGE, NFCSS and DESAE These activities make sense when the NES shows a certain level of complexity
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NES modelling code toolbox for MFA analysis DESAE


(Dynamic of Energy System Atomic Energy created by unk groups KI) DESAE is the interactive NFC simulation code for quantitative assessment of nuclear energy system key indicators

NFCSS VISTA)
NFCSS (VISTA) is Nuclear Fuel Cycle Simulation System which estimates nuclear fuel cycle service and material requirements as well as material arising for the each stage of the nuclear fuel cycle.

MESSAGE
Model for Energy Supply System Alternatives and their General Environmental impacts MESSAGE is IAEAs large-scale dynamic systems-engineering, economic optimization model that is used for development of medium- to long-term energy scenario and policy analysis.

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Overview of DESAE code


Based on INPRO Material Department of Nuclear Energy International Atomic Energy Agency

Capabilities of DESAE code; Input/output data; DESAE material flow;


DESAE reactor Data Base; Demo Cases

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The main capabilities of DESAE code


Dynamic of Energy System Atomic Energy
The main capabilities of DESAE code

Modelling of the different fuel cycle


Open fuel cycle Close fuel cycle
U-Pu fuel cycle U-Th fuel cycle Pu-Th fuel cycle

Calculations of material flow Tracing of isotopes Calculation of economic parameters


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DESAE code input/output DATA


INPUT DATA
Reactor Types Reactor Thermal/Electricity Capacities (as a function of time) Technical and economic data of reactors and fuel cycles

DESAE

MAIN OUTPUT DATA


Natural parameters:
- Energy production; - Natural Uranium requirements; -Enrichment -Depleted Uranium -Fuel fabrication -Spent Fuel; - Isotopes tracing ; -Radio toxicity -Decay heat;

DESAE_2.2.lnk

Economics:
-Required Investments -Fuel cycle costs;

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DESAE Flow sheet


Natural U Enrichment U Reactor Storage*. Long time Storage.

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YM Storage Back End.

Fabrication Depleted U Natural The

Reactors (7 types)

Reprocessing Plant (4 types)

Isotopes of fuel cycles Th-230, Th-232 U-232, U-233,U-234,U-235,U-236,U-238 Np-237 Pu-238,Pu-239,Pu-240,Pu-241,Pu-242 Am-241,Cm-244, I-129, Tc-99 xx- users isotope

Back End fission products

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DESAE Reactor Data Base

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DESAE_2.2.lnk

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Input data

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Demo Cases

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Demo Cases
Base variant

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Selected output data

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Selected output data

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Selected output data

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Selected output data

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Selected output data

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DESAE: short description

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DESAE materials: manual (working materials)

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DESAE_2.2.lnk

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DESAE application in IAEA Member states and in INPRO 22 global vision studies on nuclear capacity growth and material flows
Nuclear Energy Development in the 21st Century: Global Scenarios and Regional Trends IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NP-T-1.8, STI/PUB/1476 (2010)

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Overview of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Simulation System (NFCSS)


Based on Material of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section Department of Nuclear Energy International Atomic Energy Agency

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NFCSS Background; NFCSS Material Flow; Reactor Module, CAIN; NFCSS Web Site; NFCSS TECDOC (TECDOC-1535).

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NFCSS, Background
Developed in 1997 for the Int. Symp. On Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Reactor Strategies: Adjusting to New Realities.
Previous tools were too simple or too complex.

Purpose was to analyse the nuclear fuel cycle service and material requirements for once-through and recycling options. Optimum mixture of simplicity, accuracy and speed.

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NFCSS, Main Characteristics


Scenario based simulation system Estimation of long-term fuel cycle material and service requirements Calculation of actinide accumulations Current state: suitable for commercially existing reactor and fuel types Two fuel cycle options: once-through and thermal recycle New reactor and fuel types can also be studied by providing necessary information and modelling appropriately Developed in MS Excel, currently available as web based application
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NFCSS, Information Flow


Input
Strategy Parameters
Nuclear power projections Reprocessing-recycling strategies Reactor mixtures Load factors

Output
Natural uranium requirements Conversion requirements Enrichment requirements

Fuel Parameters
Avg. discharge burnup Avg. initial enrichment Avg. tails assay

NFCSS

Fresh fuel requirements Spent fuel arisings Plutonium accumulation Minor Actinide accumulation Reprocessing requirements

Control Parameters
Share of MOX fuel in core Lead and lag times for different processes # of reprocessing cycles

CAIN
Calculation of Actinide Inventory

MOX fuel fabrication requirements

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NFCSS Nuclear Material Flow Model

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NFCSS Reactor Model (CAIN)


From Library
Fission, Capture and n2n Cross Sections (burnup average, one group) Half Lives Average Neutron Flux (burnup average, one group) Specific power

User Input
Initial Composition of Fuel (initial fissile content) Average Discharge Burnup Cooling Time

Output

CAIN

Isotopic Composition

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NFCSS, Calculation Process


Nuclear Power Discharge Burnup Load Factor Thermal Efficiency Fuel residence times

Fresh Fuel
Init. Enrichment Tails Assay

MOX

SF Discharged (*) SF to be stored (*) SF to be reprocessed (*)

Enrichment Uranium Tails Conversion Natural Uranium

Cooling and process times

SF reprocessed (*)

(*) CAIN module calculates isotopic composition


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INFCIS (The Integrated Nuclear Fuel Cycle Information System) web site
(http://wwwnfcis.iaea.org/).

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NFCSS, Web Site, Background

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NFCSS, Web Site, Description

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NFCSS, Web Site, Modeling

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NFCSS, Web Site, Example

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NFCSS, Web Site, Calculation

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NFCSS, Web Site, Full Version

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NFCSS, Full Version, Program Operation


Scenario Preparation 1. Creating a New Scenario or Selecting Existing Scenario to work 2. Selecting reactor and fuel types for the current scenario 3. Editing scenario description 4. Editing scenario data for each of the reactor and fuel types in the current scenario Calculations and Results 5. Calculating isotopic compositions for each fuel type in each reactor type in the current scenario or providing isotopic composition table 6. Calculating material flow for each reactor type in the current scenario 7. Calculating overall material flow for all reactor types in the current scenario
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Overall Material Flow Result in Table Form


See result in chart

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Material Flow Table

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Overall Material Flow Result in Diagram


Result year

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See result in chart

Material Flow Diagram

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NFCSS, TECDOC

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NFCSS application in IAEA INPRO/GAINS study


Code was successfully used for modelling of
the NES selected for GAINS Code had to further elaborate its capacities and update its databases to perform the study

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IAEA Databases Related to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle


http://www-nfcis.iaea.org Information Sources
Member States (Contact Points) Consultants IAEA Meetings Reliable Publications

Navigation through facilities/deposits/records Search capabilities Summary reports for country specific or worldwide Country nuclear fuel cycle profiles Long term nuclear fuel cycle requirements for different scenarios

Inputs
Nuclear power projections Nuclear fuel cycle options Reactor physics calculations

NFCIS : Nuclear Fuel Cycle Information System UDEPO : World Distribution of Uranium Deposits PIE : Post Irradiation Examination Facilities Database NFCSS : Nuclear Fuel Cycle Simulation System MADB : Minor Actinide Property Database (in preparation)
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MESSAGE capabilities for modelling of NE scenarios


Based on Material of Planning and Economic Studies Section Department of Nuclear Energy International Atomic Energy Agency

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Once-through nuclear fuel cycle; Partly closed NFC based on thermal reactors with
plutonium mono-recycling ; Closed NFC based on thermal and fast reactors with Pu multirecycling

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Global Nuclear Energy System based on LWR and HWR with once-through nuclear fuel cycle.
The reactors and fuels to be considered are: HWR using natural uranium fuel; LWR using UOX fuel, ALWR using UOX
fuel.

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Conversion U

Enrichment plant

Fabrication LWR fuel

LWR

LWR SF

Dep U

Conversion U

Enrichment plant

Fabrication ALWR fuel

ALWR

ALWR SF

Conversion U

Fabrication HWR

HWR

HWR SF

MESSAGE energy chain of NES


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Demand structure

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Mass flow MESSAGE outputs for open fuel cycle

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Natural uranium consumption (file cumNatU) Fresh fuel requirements (file FF)

SWU consumption (file SWU) WS NESA Kazakhstan, Spent nuclear fuel in storages (file SF)

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Economic results of MESSAGE modelling for once-through fuel cycle


Annual Investments in NPP Annual expenditure on Fuel Cycle and annual expenditure on O&M of NPP LUAC&LUOM (Levelized Unit Amortization Cost and Levelized Unit Operation and Maintenance cost.)

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Global Nuclear Energy System based on LWR and HWR with partly closed nuclear fuel cycle

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Conversion U

Enrichment plant

Fabrication LWR fuel

LWR&

LWR SF

LWR Reprocessing plant

Rep U

Conversion U

Fabrication HWR fuel

HWR

HWR SF

Dep U

Fabrication LWR MOXfuel

LWR_MOX

LWR MOX SF

Pu LWR MOX Reprocessing plant Pu U MA FP

HWR using natural uranium fuel; LWR using UOX fuel, LWR using UOX and MOX fuels.

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Mass flow MESSAGE outputs for partly closed fuel cycle


Nuclear
electricity generation structure Fresh fuel requirements Natural uranium consumption Reprocessing requirements

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Economic results of MESSAGE modelling for partly closed fuel cycle


Annual Investments in
NPP Annual expenditure on Fuel Cycle and annual expenditure on O&M of NPP LUAC&LUOM (Levelized Unit Amortization Cost and Levelized Unit Operation and Maintenance cost.)
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Global Nuclear Energy System based on thermal and fast reactors with recycling of Pu recovered from LWR and multiple recycling of Pu recovered from FRs
Conversion U Enrichment plant Fabrication LWR&ALWR fuel LWR LWR SF LWR Reprocessing plant Rep U

ALWR

ALWR SF

Conversion U

Fabrication HWR

HWR

HWR SF

Pu Dep U Pu Fabrication MOX Fuels FR_MOX Fabrication bl. Fuel FR_MOX&blSF FR&bl Reprocessing plant

U MA FP Pu loses

HWR using natural uranium fuel; LWR using UOX fuel, ALWR using UOX fuel. FR using MOX fuels for core and depleted uranium for blankets.
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Selected MESSAGE outputs for closed fuel cycle 52 with plutonium multi-recycling

Nuclear electricity generation structure; Natural uranium consumption;

Fresh fuel requirements;Enrichment requirements;

Reprocessing requirements;Spent fuel accumulation.

Annual Investments in NPP and FC WS expenditure NESA Kazakhstan, 2011 Annual expenditure on Fuel Cycle and annual on O&M of NPP

MESSAGE materials: Users Guide for Modelling Nuclear Energy Systems with MESSAGE (Draft)
Users Guide provides a step-by-step guidance to create mathematical models representing nuclear energy systems to the level of detail as necessary. The User Guide presents three demonstration cases including modelling a nuclear energy system based on thermal and fast reactors with fully closed fuel cycle.

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GAINS Fuel Cycle Options modelled with MESSAGE



BAU, Business as usual : NES based on thermal reactors with oncethrough nuclear fuel cycle (OT-NFC) without spent fuel reprocessing; FR Introduction in BAU : NES based on thermal and fast reactors with inclusion of plutonium multi-recycling in fast reactors (BR ~1.0, ) with mixed oxide fuels; FR12 Introduction in BAU : NES based on thermal and fast reactors with inclusion of plutonium multi-recycling in fast reactors (BR ~1.2, ) with mixed oxide fuels FRMA Introduction in BAU : NES based on thermal and fast reactors with inclusion of plutonium and MA multi-recycling in fast reactors (BR ~1.2, ) with MOX&MA fuels Th Introduction in BAU : Thorium Fuel Cycle based on Thermal and Fast Reactors with spent fuel reprocessing and Pu/U233 recycling MSR Introduction Fuel continuous feeding and discharge (reprocessed) One half of the fuel in the core, while the second one out of the core v Feeding fuel - Np, Am and Cm from LWR, ALWR and FR spent fuel
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Analysis of Other NES Issues with MESSAGE

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Non-geographical group model

D e p D e p U Co nve rsi on En ric hm ent pla nt Fa bri cat io n pla nt Fa M bri OX ca tio n pl an t F R SF Repro cessin g plant U Se par ete d Pu M A , F P Con vers ion En ric h m en t pl an t Fa bri cati on pla nt SF T R U O X

T R U O X

D e p U Con vers ion En ric h m en t pl an t Fa bri cati on pla nt SF T R U O X

Dep U

Fabrication plant MOX

FR SF

Reprocessing plant

Separated Pu MA, FP

Conversion

Enrichment plant

Fabrication plant

TR UOX

Dep U FR

Conversion

Enrichment plant

Fabrication plant TR UOX

SF

RD&D cost in transition to a NES CNFC-FR


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Summary

MESSAGE model has capability for simulation and optimization of : Nuclear Energy System based on LWR and HWR with oncethrough nuclear fuel cycle, Nuclear Energy System based on thermal and fast reactors with Pu multi-recycling scenarios with the introduction of MSR systems, scenarios based on Thorium Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Global and Non-geographical group approach, RD&D cost for introduction of innovative reactor technology It allows to assess: Optimal Schedule for introduction various reactor technologies and fuel cycle options Infrastructure facilities Nuclear material flows and wastes Investments, RD&D and other costs
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Application of IAEA modelling codes for INPRO assessment studies


Evaluation of the tools DESAE, MESSAGE, NFCSS for modelling scenarios identified in JS, GAINS, FINITE, ThFC collaboration projects.

Preliminary computer analysis of scenarios by using DESAE , MESSAGE and NFCSS codes

No single tool can be expected to respond well to all modelling requirements for NES assessment. Various models can be used as a package for assessment purposes. DESAE&NFCSS&MESSAGE can be linked and used in tandem to perform some relevant analysis required for NES assessment. The same NES can be modelled with DESAE&NFCSS&MESSAGE codes in order to use strengths of each code and obtained necessary results for NES assessment.

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Thank you for your attention www.IAEA.org/INPRO


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Brief code information


NFCSS Software Availability To interested people from IAEA MS upon a registration and authorization at the site http://www-nfcis.iaea.org. Tulsides Harikrishnan Nucl. Fuel Cycle & Materials Section/NEFW Tel.: +43 1 2600-22758 E-mail: T.Harikrishnan@iaea.org http://www-nfcis.iaea.org MESSAGE Via Responsible officer (below) DESAE Via Responsible officer (below)

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Responsible officer

Jalal Ahmed Irej Department of Nuclear Energy Planning & Economic Studies Section Telephone: (+431)2600222780 E-mail: A.Jalal@iaea.org Manual Within the model software Yes (regular) Distance Learning Package together with Demo Cases Two weeks for training and 3-4 months for a real case study Very High Yes

Peter Gowin INPRO group, Division of Nuclear Power, NE Tel.: +43 1 2600-22848 E-mail: P.Gowin@iaea.org

Manual Training Tutorial/Demo cases Familiarization/ Case creation time Flexibility for case creation Optimisation capabilities

IAEA TECDOC 1535 Yes (regular) Yes One week

Manual ( working material) Yes (on request) Yes One-Two weeks

Middle No (variant simulation)

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DESAE code in INPRO methodology


Expert place
Economics Infrastructure Environment Waste
Uranium consumption, Spent fuel, Isotopes quantity, Waste activity, Minor actinide quantity & activity

Investments NPP&NFC, current prise, discounting cost

Management
Proliferation Resistance Safety
Recycling fuel quantity, Pu&U3 in spent fuel, Pu&U3 after recycling, SWU quantity

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