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Title: Guide for the Application of Rogowski Coils used for Protective Relaying Purposes

Chair: Ljubomir Kojovic


Vice Chair: Veselin Skendzic

Established: January 2004

Assignment - This Guide establishes criteria and requirements for application of Rogowski Coils
used for protective relaying in electric power systems. The selection and application of RCs for
the more common protection schemes are addressed.

Purpose - This document provides a guide for application of Rogowski Coils used for protective
relaying in electric power systems. It is intended to assist the relay application engineer in the
correct selection and application of RCs for protective relaying purposes. It provides requirements
relevant to the performance, operation, testing, safety considerations, and maintenance of
Rogowski Coil based current transducers.

This guide applies to all types of Rogowski Coils used for Protective Relaying Purposes.
Non-Linear region
Saturation voltage

Voltage
Operating point
for voltage transformers

Linear region

Operating point
for CTs
Rogowski Coil
V-I Characteristic

Current
Conventional Current Transformer
ip’ Rp Lp Rs Ls is

im
imr imx
Zb
Rm Lm
Low
Impedance

Rogowski Coil
M
Ls Rs
Ip

Cs v(t) Zb

High
Impedance

d
v (t ) = − M [∑ ij (t )]
dt j
Rogowski
Coil
1000
1200/5 A CT
Voltage [V]

100

10
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Current [A]
30
Primary Current 1200/5 A CT
25
Secondary Current (referred to the primary)
20

15
Current [kA]

10

-5

-10
Laboratory Test #346
-15
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
Time [s]
40
Primary current
30

20
Current [kA]

10

-10
1200/5 A CT
-20 secondary
current

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1


Time [s]
Rogowski coil
non-integrated
secondary signal Primary current
20

10
Current [kA]

-10

-20

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1


Time [s]
40
Primary current
30

20
Current [kA]

10

Rogowski
-10 coil
non-integrated
-20 secondary
signal

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1


Time [s]
40
Primary current
30

20
Current [kA]

10

Rogowski
-10 coil
integrated
-20 secondary
signal

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1


Time [s]
Intelligent Substations - Hitachi

Conventional Low Power


Instrument Instrument
Transformers Transformers

GCB: gas circuit breaker


CT: current transformer
PT: potential transformer
Integrated High Voltage Switchgear
(circuit breaker, isolator, grounding
switch, current and voltage sensors) in
one gas insulated compartment

220 kV

ABB Combi Sensor


Up to 60% less space requirement

PASS
Rogowski Electronic Current Transformer applied to a
550 kV Gas Insulated Substation (AREVA)
Trench Electric

Class 0.2 0.5 3P


Voltage 6 - 36 kV
Ferroresonance free
Cooper Power Systems

Differential Protection
of
90 MVA, 34.5/1 kV EAF Transformers
26 in

9 in
Primary Currents
Scale ±7.5 kApeak

95 kApeak Secondary Currents


Scale ±300 kApeak

Operate Signals Mismatch between primary


and secondary currents is
less than 1%
Restraint Signals

Trip Signals
A-phase
B-phase
C-phase
Cooper Power Systems
Mobile Substations (primary side RCs)
Mobile Substations (secondary side RCs)
I1 I2
A Transformer
B or
C Generator

Ia Ib Ic Ir
I1 I2

Protective Relay
Protective Relay
i(t)

Rogowski Coil
Rogowski coil

Rogowski coil Conventional CT

filters and power


A/D supply

E/O HV level Fiber Optical


fiber optical
Cable
ground level
cable
reception and
O/E to relays
interface
i(t)
HV Line

RC and
Photonic Power Systems, Inc. Remote
A/D Unit
Remote
Power Unit
Converter Data
Fiber-Optical
Cables

Laser Data
Diode Receiver
Ground
Unit Ground
Power D/A DSP
Supply Converter Unit

Analog Digital
Output Output

Fiber-Optical Cables
Power Data HV Potential

RC

Ground
Remote Junction
Unit
Unit Box

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