Sergeants Distance Education Program

Sergeants Distance
Education Program
8017A
WEAPONS (8017)
Course Introduction
Scope The Weapons course is designed to provide the Marine sergeant with
technical and detailed instruction on the characteristics and operation of some
of the most common small arms found in the Marine Corps arsenal. These
include the
· M9 pistol
· M203 grenade launcher
· M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW)
· M240G machinegun
· M2HB .50 caliber machinegun
· MK19 machinegun
· Traversing and elevating mechanism
· M136, 84MM HEAT launcher and high explosive anti-tank cartridge
(AT-4)
Discussion of each weapon includes its
· Characteristics
· Operation
· Maintenance
· Firing Procedures
· Employment
If you find that you need a detailed review of a particular weapon, you will
probably want to enroll in specific weapons courses (commonly called “red
books”) offered by the Marine Corps Institute.
Continued on next page
MCI Course 8017 i Course Introduction

Course Introduction, Continued
References The following references were used in the writing of this course:
· TM 9-1010-221-10, Operators Manual, Grenade Launcher, 40mm, M203.
· TM 08671A-10/1, Operators Manual, Machinegun, 5.56, M249.
· TM 08670B-10/1, Operators Manual, Machinegun, 240 Machinegun
Series.
· TM 08670B-10/1A, Supplement-1 Operators Manual.
· TM 9-1005-213-10, Operators Manual Machinegun, Caliber .50.
Browning, M2, Heavy Barrel and Mount, Tripod, Machinegun, Caliber
.50, M3.
· TM 08521A-10/1A, Operator’s Manual, Machinegun, 40mm, MK19 Mod
3.
· TM 1005A-10/1, Operators Manual, Pistol, 9mm, M9.
· TM 9-1010-221-10, Rifle, 5.56mm, M-16A2 W/E.
· TM 9-1315-886-12, Operator's and Unit Maintenance Manual for
Launcher and Cartridge, 84 Millimeter: M136 (AT4).
· MCWP 3-15.1, Machineguns and Machinegun Gunnery.
· FMFM 6-5, Marine Rifle Squad.
· FM 3-23.25, Light Anti-Armor Weapons.
Table of The following is a table of contents for this course.

Contents
Study Unit Title Page

-- Course Introduction i
1 M9 Pistol 1-1
2 M203 Grenade Launcher 2-1
3 M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) 3-1
4 M240G Machinegun MOD 3 4-1
5 M2HB .50 Caliber Machinegun 5-1
6 MK19 Machinegun 6-1
7 Traversing and Elevating Mechanism 7-1
8 M136, 84MM HEAT Launcher and High 8-1
Explosive Anti-Tank Cartridge (AT-4)
-- Review Lesson Examination R-1
Estimated You will spend about 18 hours and 20 minutes completing this course. This
Study Time includes the time you will need to study the text, complete the exercises, and
take the final exam.

MCI Course 8017 ii Course Introduction
Course Introduction, Continued
Reserve You earn 6 retirement credits for completing this course. You earn reserve
Retirement retirement credits at the rate of one credit for each 3 hours of estimated study
Credits time.
Note: Reserve retirement credits are not awarded for the MCI study you do
during drill periods if awarded credits for drill attendance.
Summary The table below summarizes all the important “gateways” needed to
successfully complete this course.
Step When you Then you will For more

information
1 Enroll in the program Receive your Refer to the Program
program material Introduction
2 Complete the self- Arrange to take the Refer to the Program
paced text final examination Introduction
3 Pass the final Receive a course Refer to the Program
examination completion Introduction
certificate
References The following table lists publications that can be used as additional sources of
information about the content of this course.
Publication Number Title

TM 9-1010-221-10 Operator’s Manual, Grenade Launcher, 40mm,
M203
TM 08671A-10/1A Operator’s Manual, Machinegun, 5.56mm, M249
TM 08670B-10/1 Operator’s Manual, Machinegun, 240 Machinegun
Series
TM 08670B-10/1A Supplement-1 Operator’s Manual
TM 9-1005-213-10 Operator’s Manual Machinegun, Caliber .50,
Browning, M2, Heavy Barrel and Mount, Tripod,
Machinegun, Caliber .50, M3
TM 08521A-10/1A Operator’s Manual, Machinegun, 40mm, MK19
Mod3
MCWP 3-15.1 Machineguns and Machinegun Gunnery
FMFM 6-5 Marine Rifle Squad
MCI Course 8017 iii Course Introduction

(This page intentionally left blank.)
MCI Course 8017 iv Course Introduction

STUDY UNIT 1
M9 PISTOL
Overview
Estimated 1 hour, 35 minutes

Study Time
Unit Scope This study unit teaches you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
M9 pistol.
Learning After completing this unit, you should be able to

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics of the M9 pistol.
· Identify the procedures for maintaining the M9 pistol.
· Identify the techniques for using the M9 pistol.
Unit Content The following table lists the lessons covered in this study unit.
Topic See Page

Lesson 1 Description of the M9 Pistol 1-3
Lesson 2 Clearing, Disassembling, and Cleaning the M9 1-11
Pistol
Lesson 3 Assembling, Stoppages, and Immediate Action for 1-25
the M9 Pistol
MCI Course 8017A 1-1 Study Unit 1


LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION OF THE M9 PISTOL
Introduction
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you the basic characteristics of the M9 pistol and the
ammunition it uses.
Learning After completing this lesson, you should be able to

Objectives
· Identify the role of the M9 pistol.
· Identify the principal characteristics of the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps in the cycle of operation of the M9 pistol.
· Identify the standard type of ammunition for the M9 pistol.
In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Introduction 1-3
General Characteristics of the M9 Pistol 1-4
Cycle of Operation of the M9 Pistol 1-7
Ammunition for the M9 Pistol 1-8
Lesson 1 Exercise 1-9
MCI Course 8017A 1-3 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

General Characteristics of the M9 Pistol
Role The M9 pistol provides timely and accurate fire in a close combat situation
and as a means of defense for personnel assigned
· The M9 pistol as their primary weapon

· To crew served weapons
Major The diagram below identifies the major components of the M9 pistol.
Components

General Characteristics of the M9 Pistol, Continued
Description The diagram below shows the major parts for the M9 pistol.
Item Part
1 Firing Pin Block
2 Extractor/Loaded Chamber Indicator
3 Trigger
4 Front Sight
5 Slide Assembly
6 Disassembly Lever
7 Slide Stop
8 Rear Sight
9 Decocking/Safety Lever
10 Hammer
11 Receiver
12 Grip
13 Lanyard Loop
14 Magazine
15 Magazine Catch Assembly
16 Disassembly Button
Weight The following table lists the approximate weight (in ounces) of the M9 pistol.
Item Weight (lbs)

M9 pistol (with 15-round magazine) 2.54
M9 pistol (with empty magazine) 2.12

General Characteristics of the M9 Pistol, Continued
Length The following table lists the length (in inches) of the M9 pistol.
Item Length (in inches)

Barrel length 4.92
Length of gun, overall 8.54
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M9 pistol.
Type of Range Range (in meters)

Maximum Effective 50
Maximum Range 1800
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the M9 pistol is 1230.3 feet per second.
Safety The M9 pistol is equipped with two safety mechanisms described below:
Mechanisms
· The manual decocking/safety lever, located on the slide, which separates
the firing pin from the hammer, lowers the hammer when cocked, and
interrupts the connection between trigger and sear.
· The firing pin block prevents any motion of the firing pin and is overcome
only by pulling on the trigger.

Cycle of Operation of the M9 Pistol
Operation The cycle of operation for the M9 pistol consists of the following eight steps:
Step Action Description

1 Feeding The recoil spring moves the slide forward
feeding the next cartridge from the
magazine into the chamber.
2 Chambering The slide continues forward and the case
head slides up the breech face and under
the extractor. The round is now chambered
with the extractor positioned in the groove
of the cartridge case.
3 Locking The locking block is cammed upward
forming one mechanical unit. Forward
motion ceases as the disassembly latch bolt
stops the locking block.
4 Firing Pressure developed by combustion gases
recoils the slide and barrel assembly to the
rear.
5 Unlocking Recoiling a short distance, the locking
block plunger forces the locking lugs on
the locking block to swing down out of the
recesses in the slide.
6 Extracting The slide extracts and ejects the cartridge
case.
7 Ejecting The extractor carries the case to the rear
and the head of the case strikes the fixed
ejector which pivots the case and ejects it
from the pistol.
8 Cocking As the slide ejects the cartridge, the
hammer is cocked.

Ammunition for the M9 Pistol
Standard The standard ammunition for the M9 pistol is the NATO M882 9mm ball
Ammunition round, as shown below.
Caution: Do not fire
· Heavily corroded or dented cartridges

· Cartridges with loose bullets
· Other defective rounds as detected by visual inspection

Lesson 1 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete exercise items 1 through 4 by performing the action required.

Check your answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 The M9 pistol provides
a. rapid, accurate fire in long-range situations.

b. rapid, accurate fire in close combat.
c. timely, accurate fire in long-range situations.
d. timely, accurate fire in close combat.
Item 2 What is the weight (in pounds) of the M9 service pistol with 15 round
magazine?
a. 2.00
b. 2.50
c. 2.54
d. 3.00
Item 3 What is the fourth step in the cycle of operation of the M9 pistol?
a. Locking
b. Firing
c. Unlocking
d. Extracting
Item 4 What is the standard ammunition used for the M9 pistol?
a. Any 9mm cartridge

b. 9mm armor piercing NATO round
c. 9mm, ball, NATO M882
d. 9mm tracer NATO round
MCI Course 8017A 1-9 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Exercise

Lesson 1 Exercise, Continued
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Item Number Answer Reference Page

1 d 1-4
2 c 1-5
3 b 1-7
4 c 1-8

LESSON 2
CLEARING, DISASSEMBLING, AND CLEANING THE M9
PISTOL
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to clear, disassemble, and clean the M9 pistol.

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps to disassemble the M9 pistol.
· Identify the cleaner/lubricant used on the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps for the care and cleaning of the M9 pistol.
In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics.
Topic See Page

Introduction 1-11
Clearing the M9 Pistol 1-12
Disassembling the M9 Pistol 1-13
Cleaning the M9 Pistol 1-19

Clearing the M9 Pistol
Procedures Before you begin to disassemble the M9 pistol, you must clear it to be sure it
is completely safe. The five steps to clear the M9 pistol are listed in the table
below.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon on safe by rotating the ambidextrous thumb
safety to the down position.
2 Remove the magazine by pressing the magazine release button in.

Catch the magazine as it falls from the pistol.
3 Pull the slide to the rear with your left hand and lock it in place by
pushing up on the slide stop with your right thumb.
4 Inspect the chamber by tilting the weapon up so you can see into
the chamber and be sure no rounds are present.
5 Release the slide and allow it to return to the forward position.

Disassembling the M9 Pistol
Operator After you clear the M9 pistol, you may begin disassembly into main groups
Disassembly for cleaning and inspection. The four main groups are the
· Slide group
· Recoil spring and guide group
· Barrel group
· Magazine group
· Receiver group
Component The diagram below shows the components of the M9 pistol.

Parts

Disassembling the M9 Pistol, Continued
Slide Groups The following table lists the steps for removing the slide, barrel, and recoil
From the spring and guide groups from the receiver.
Receiver
Step Action
1 Depress the disassembly button (as shown in picture below)
located on the right hand side of the receiver just above the front
strap of the trigger guard. Extend your forefinger along the
receiver until you can depress the button. Once you have
depressed the button, hold it in that position.
2 Rotate the disassembly lever. Now, with the thumb of the left
hand, rotate the disassembly lever clockwise and down (as shown
in picture below). The lever will rotate 90 degrees to a solid stop.
Now you can relax the pressure on the disassembly button.

Slide Groups,
continued
Step Action
3 Once the disassembly lever comes to a stop, you will hear a click
and the slide will jump forward slightly. The slide is now
unlocked from the receiver. With your left hand, grasp the slide
and pull it (along with the barrel, recoil spring, and guide) forward
off the receiver as shown in the picture below. Now set the
receiver aside since nothing more can be removed from it.

Recoil Spring The following table lists the steps to remove the recoil spring and guide from
and Guide the slide.
Step Action
1 Cradle the slide upside down in your left hand and compress the
recoil spring with your right thumb (as shown in the picture
below).
2 Once the spring is compressed, lift up on the rear of the guide (as
shown in picture below) and pull the spring and guide from the
slide.
3 Now you can separate the spring from the guide.

Disassembling the M9 Pistol Magazine
Magazine The following table lists the steps to disassemble the M9 pistol magazine.
Group
Step Action
1 Grasp the magazine with the back of the magazine tube against the
palm of the hand.
2 Use a 9mm round to depress the locking block plunger protruding

from the floorplate and slide floorplate away from you.
3 Maintain pressure on the magazine spring with the thumb remove

the floorplate, spring, and follower from magazine tube.

Cleaning the M9 Pistol
Cleaners and To be sure that your M9 pistol works correctly, keep it clean and properly
Lubricants lubricated.
Note: Your cleaning equipment can be either a regular rifle cleaning brush
(toothbrush) or a bore brush and cleaning rod.
The following table lists authorized cleaners/lubricants and their use on the
M9 pistol.
Cleaners/Lubricants Use
Cleaner, Lubricant, Preservative Cleans, lubricates, and preserves at
(CLP) temperatures down to –35°F
Note: CLP is the most commonly

used cleaning/lubricant for
cleaning the M9 pistol.
Lubricant, Arctic Weather (LAW) Lubricates at extremely cold
temperatures (below 0°F)
Caution: Do not use any dry cleaning solvent that contains acid to clean
grease, oil, or corrosion-preventive compounds from the M9
pistol.
Purpose of You must clean the M9 pistol after you have fired it because firing produces
Cleaning deposits of primer fouling, powder ashes, carbon, and metal fouling. These
deposits collect and promote rust if you do not remove them. The cleaning
procedures described on the next page enable you to remove all deposits
except metal fouling.
Note: Only the unit armorer is authorized to remove metal fouling.
Caution: Report all burred, worn, cracked defective parts to your unit
armorer for correction.

Cleaning the M9 Pistol, Continued
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M9 pistol.
Bore
Step Action
1 Attach the bore brush to the cleaning rod. Insert the brush in the
bore and move it back and forth in the bore to loosen carbon
deposits. Repeat this step until a dry cleaning patch pulled through
the bore exits clean.
2 Attach a clean, dry cleaning patch to the cleaning rod.
3 Moisten the cleaning patch thoroughly with CLP.
4 Pull the patch through the bore several times and inspect the patch.
Repeat this step until the patch shows no fouling.
5 Inspect bore for pitting or obstruction, blocking block moves
freely and there are no cracks or burrs visible.
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M9 pistol.
Slide Assembly
Step Action
1 Moisten a soft brush with CLP and remove excess dirt and carbon
buildup around the decocking lever, breech face, extractor, and slide
guides.
2 Wipe dry with a cloth and apply a light coat of CLP.

3 Inspect the slide assembly for free movement of safety lever and
firing pin block. Check the rear sight for looseness or cracks.

Cleaning the M9 Pistol, Continued
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the receiver of the M9 pistol.
Receiver
Assembly
Step Action
1 Wipe the receiver assembly clean with cloth or soft brush paying
attention to the disassembly lever, trigger, slide stop, hammer, and
magazine release button.
2 Apply a light coat of CLP.

3 Inspect the receiver assembly for checks or chips. The free
movement of slide stop and magazine catch assembly. Look for
excessive wear and burrs on the guide rails.
Extreme Take extra precautions to be sure the M9 pistol operates trouble free in
Environments extreme environments. Refer to the table below for precautions to take in
different environments.
Type of Climate Care/Cleaning Prevents

Hot Inspect/clean daily Moisture and rust
Humid Inspect daily Moisture and rust
Hot, dry, sandy Clean and lubricate Rust and corrosion
daily
Below freezing Remove excess oil Sluggish operation
Keep weapon free of Rust and corrosion
moisture
Keep the M9 Moisture and rust
temperature close to the
outside temperature

Lesson 2 Exercise
Study Time

Item 1 To clear the M9 pistol, place the weapon on safe, __________________, lock
the slide to the rear, inspect the chamber, and release the slide to return to
forward position.
a. remove the handguard

b. inspect the breech
c. remove the magazine
d. remove the ammunition from the chamber
Item 2 After you have cleared the M9 pistol, what is the first step to disassemble the
pistol?
a. Slide the assembly off the receiver track.

b. Depress the disassembly button.
c. Inspect the chamber.
d. Place weapon on safe.
Item 3 What is the most commonly authorized cleaner/lubricant used on the M9

pistol?
a. CLP
b. LSA
c. LAW
d. RBC

Items 4 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps to clean the M9
Through 7 pistol from column 2 in the correct sequence for cleaning the M9 pistol bore
in column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps to Clean the M9 pistol Bore
___ 4. a. Moisten the cleaning patch

___ 5. thoroughly with CLP.
___ 6. b. Attach the bore brush to the
___ 7. cleaning rod. Insert the brush in
the bore and move it back and
forth in the bore to loosen carbon
deposits.
c. Attach a clean, dry cleaning patch
to the cleaning rod.
d. Pull the cleaning patch through
the bore several times until it
shows no fouling.
Item 8 To prevent rust and corrosion in a hot, dry, sandy climate, you should
a. Remove excess oil and keep the M9 pistol temperature close to the
outside temperature.
b. Clean and lubricate daily.
c. Keep weapon free of moisture and remove excess oil.
d. Remove excess oil and keep muzzle and receiver covered.


1 c 1-12
2 b 1-14
3 a 1-18
4 b 1-19
5 c 1-19
6 a 1-19
7 d 1-19
8 b 1-20


LESSON 3
ASSEMBLING, STOPPAGES, AND IMMEDIATE ACTION FOR
THE M9 PISTOL
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to assemble, identify stoppages and their causes,
and perform immediate action on the M9 pistol.
Learning After completing this lesson you should be able to

Objectives
· Identify the steps to assemble the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps to load the M9 pistol.
· Identify the method to engage targets with the M9 pistol.
· Identify stoppages and their causes on the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps for immediate action on the M9 pistol.
In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics.
Topic See Page

Introduction 1-25
Assembling the M9 Pistol 1-26
Performing a Function Check on M9 Pistol 1-30
Loading the M9 Pistol 1-31
Engaging Targets with the M9 Pistol 1-33
Stoppages of the M9 Pistol 1-36
Immediate Action for the M9 Pistol 1-37

Assembling the M9 Pistol
Procedure After you have cleaned your M9 pistol, you are ready to assemble your
weapon. To assemble the M9 pistol, replace the parts in the reverse order of
disassembly.
· Install the barrel into the slide.

· Install the recoil spring and guide into the slide.
· Install the slide, barrel, and recoil spring and guide onto the receiver.
· Assemble magazine for M9 pistol.
Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the barrel into the slide.
Barrel into the
Slide
Step Action
1 Cradle the barrel upside down in your left hand. Push forward
until the muzzle barely protrudes from the slide.
2 Grasp the locking block lightly between the thumb and forefinger
of your right hand.
3 Insert the barrel, muzzle first, into the slide.
4 Make sure the locking lugs engage the locking lug shoulders of the
bolt. Push the barrel slightly rearward to lock it into position.

Assembling the M9 Pistol, Continued
Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the recoil spring and guide into the
Recoil Spring slide.
and Guide into
the Slide
Step Action
1 Fully insert the recoil spring on the spring guide.
2 Insert the free end of the spring into the spring recess in the front of the
slide.
3 Compress the spring slightly; rotate the guide, head down, until it rests
in the guide groove. Make sure the guide fits snugly in the groove.

Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the slide, barrel, and recoil spring
Slide, Barrel, and guide onto the receiver.
and Recoil
Spring and
Guide onto the
Receiver
Step Action
1 Pick up the receiver. If the hammer is cocked, gently lower it until
it meets the receiver frame.
2 Grasp the front section of the slide with your left hand, placing
your thumb on the recoil spring and guide so the spring and guide
do not become misaligned with the locking block.
3 Carefully guide the rear portion of the slide rails onto the front
portion of the receiver rails.
4 When the rails are well engaged, push the slide all the way against
the hammer, pushing the hammer slightly rearward.
5 Rotate the wing of the disassembly lever counterclockwise to its
closed position. As soon as you rotate the lever, the recoil spring
guide (under pressure from the spring) should force the
disassembly lever up with a loud click.
6 To verify correct assembly, pull the slide back and release it. It
should close energetically.

Assemble The following table lists the steps to assemble the 15 round magazines used
Magazine with the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert the follower into the top coil of the magazine spring.
Notes: The top coil has an upward and forward pointing end.
Ensure that the notches on follower and magazine tube are on

the same side.
2 Insert the spring into the magazine tube.
3 Attach the floorplate retainer to the bottom coil of the spring. Slide the
floorplate over the retainer, locking it in place.

Performing a Function Check on the M9 Pistol
Purpose After you have assembled your M9 pistol, perform a function check to ensure
the M9 pistol is performing properly.
Procedure The table below list the steps to perform a function check on the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert an empty magazine into the pistol and ensure that the magazine
catch locks the magazine in place.
2 Retract the slide to the rear, ensuring the magazine's slide stop locks
slide assembly to the rear.
3 Ensure the safety lever is in the safe position (down). Depress the
slide stop and allow the slide to return forward. Observe that the
hammer is in the forward position.
4 Squeeze and release trigger. Observe that firing pin block moves up
and down. The hammer should not move.
5 Place the safety lever in fire position (up).
6 Squeeze the trigger. The hammer should cock and fall (double action).
7 Squeeze the trigger again and hold it to the rear. Move the slide to the
rear and release. Release the trigger. You should hear a click and the
hammer should not fall.

Loading the M9 Pistol
Procedures The M9 pistol can fire any time the trigger is pulled with the safety lever in
the fire position and a round in the chamber. The following table lists the
steps to load the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert a loaded magazine into the magazine well of the pistol until a
click of the magazine catch is heard.
2 Pointing the pistol in a safe direction, grasp the serrated portion of

the slide and retract the slide to the rear.
3 Release the slide, allowing a round from the magazine to be
chambered.

Loading the M9 Pistol, Continued
Load M9 The following table lists the steps to load a 15-round magazine used by the
magazine M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Place a cartridge on the magazine follower in front of the lips.
2 Press down and slide the cartridge completely back under the lips.
3 Repeat these steps until the magazine is fully loaded.

Engaging Targets with the M9 Pistol
Introduction The weapon must become an extension of the hand and arm. To accurately
engage targets with the M9 pistol, you must be familiar with griping, aiming
and firing position of the M9 pistol.
Grip the M9 A proper grip is one of the most important fundamentals in firing the M9
Pistol pistol. The two-hand grip used to fire the M9 pistol allows the firer to steady
the firing hand and provide maximum support during firing. Position your
hand as stated in the below table.
Hand Fingers
Non-firing Hold the weapon.
Firing Form a V with the thumb and forefinger and place
the weapon in the V with the front and rear sights
in line with the firing arm.
Firing Wrap the lower three fingers around the pistol grip,
putting equal pressure with all three fingers to the
rear.
Firing Allow the thumb to rest alongside the weapon
without pressure and grip the weapon.
Note: The hand should not tremble.

Non-firing Wrap the fingers around the firing hand, ensuring
that the index finger is between the middle finger
of the firing hand and trigger guard.
Non-firing Rest the thumb alongside the firing thumb
WARNING: If the thumb is placed in the rear

of the weapon the recoil could
result in personal injury.

Engaging Targets with the M9 Pistol, Continued
Aiming Aiming is the proper sight alignment and sight placement of the M9 pistol on
the target.
Sight The front blade sight of the M9 pistol is centered and leveled with the top of
Alignment the rear sight notch.
Note: See picture below.
Sight The position of the weapon’s sights on the target as seen by the firer. Proper
Placement sight placement is the correct sight alignment with the front sight post center
mass on the target.
Note: See picture below.
Proper Sight The picture below shows the proper alignment and placement of the M9 sight
Alignment and on a target.
Sight
Placement

Engaging Targets with the M9 Pistol, Continued
Firing Position The standing firing position is used to engage targets with the M9 pistol. To
for M9 Pistol ensure quick response to dangerously close targets, it must be practiced so it
becomes natural. The standing position is illustrated and described in the
table below.
Body / Feet Arms

· Face the target · Extend the firing arm
· Feet shoulder width apart · Wrist and elbow of the firing
arm are locked and pointed
toward target center.
· Body straight with the shoulders
slightly forward of the buttocks

Stoppages of the M9 Pistol
Definition A stoppage is the unintentional interruption in the function or failure to fire of

the M9 pistol.
Failure to Fire Failure of the M9 pistol to fire can be can be a result of the following:
· Hangfire. A delay in the functioning of a propelling charge explosive

train at the time of firing.
· Misfire. A complete failure to fire. A misfire itself is not dangerous but

since it cannot be immediately distinguished from a hangfire you must
consider it a hangfire until proven otherwise.
Unintentional The table below lists common interruptions that may be experienced with the
Interruptions M9.
Stoppage Cause
Stovepipe Occurs when the weapon fails to completely
eject the casing.
Double feed Occurs when two rounds are stuck in the
receiver.
Slide not fully seated Caused by a number of reasons, as simple as
dirty ammunition or a dirty pistol.
Audible pop or reduced Occurs when only a portion of the propellant
recoil is ignited.

Immediate Action for the M9 Pistol
Definition Immediate action is the prompt action taken by the user to correct a stoppage,
without attempting to discover the cause.
Procedure Since it’s important that immediate action become instinctive, the following
table lists the steps to perform immediate action on the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 TAP – Slap the bottom of the magazine upward to ensure it is fully
seated.
2 RACK – Pull the slide all the way to the rear and release it to
ensure a round is chambered.
3 BANG – Sight and attempt to fire. If immediate action was
successful, the pistol will fire.
Note: If the M9 pistol fails to fire in a non-tactical situation, clear

the pistol and determine cause of the stoppage.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time

Item 1 What is the first step in assembling the M9 pistol?
a. Install the barrel into the slide.

b. The first step is identical to disassembly.
c. Install the recoil spring.
d. Grasp the locking lugs.
Item 2 What step checks that the M9 pistol’s hammer cocks and falls (double action)
when performing a function check?
a. Two
b. Five
c. Six
d. Seven
Item 3 When loading the M9 pistol, ensure the pistol is pointing
a. in a safe direction.
b. at the target.
c. at six o’clock.
d. at 45 degrees.

Item 4 The M9 pistol is held with the ___________when engaging a target.
a. firing hand
b. non-firing hand
c. firm grip
d. thumb and forefinger
Item 5 A stoppage is defined as
a. improperly loaded ammunition into the weapon.

b. any unintentional interruption in the functioning of the weapon.
c. waiting for 40 seconds and clearing the weapon.
d. having an ammunition casing stuck in the breech.
Item 6 What are the three steps for immediate action?
a. TAP, RACK, PULL

b. HIT, PULL, TAP
c. PULL, RACK, BANG
d. TAP, RACK, BANG


1 a 1-26
2 c 1-30
3 a 1-31
4 b 1-33
5 b 1-36
6 d 1-37

STUDY UNIT 2
M203 GRENADE LAUNCHER
Overview
Estimated 2 hours, 15 minutes

Study Time
M203 grenade launcher.

Objectives
· Identify the capabilities of the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the procedures for maintaining the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the methods for firing the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify stoppages and their causes.
· Identify criteria for employing the M203 grenade launcher.
In This Study This study unit contains the following lessons:

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 1 Description 2-3
Lesson 2 Clearing, Disassembling, and Cleaning 2-13
Lesson 3 Assembling, Conducting the Function Check and 2-23
Firing
Lesson 4 Stoppages, Immediate Action, and Employment 2-39


LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you the basic characteristics of the
M203 grenade launcher and the ammunition it uses.

Objectives
· Identify the capabilities of the M203 grenade launcher.
· Describe the principal characteristics of the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the M203 grenade launcher
based on color and use.
Topic See Page

Introduction 2-3
Role and Capabilities 2-4
General Characteristics 2-5
Ammunition 2-7

Role and Capabilities
Role The M203 grenade launcher supports the fire team in both the offense and the
defense by providing close fire support over the entire team sector of fire.
Capabilities The four capabilities of the M203 are to
· Destroy groups of enemy personnel

· Fire on enemy troops and automatic weapons that are in defilade
· Provide close fire support in the assault
· Supplement other supporting fires

General Characteristics
Components The diagram below shows the M203 grenade launcher and its major
components attached to the M16A2 service rifle.
Weight The following table lists the approximate weight (in pounds) of the M203
grenade launcher and the M16A2 rifle.
Item Weight (in pounds)

M203 Grenade Launcher 3
M16A2 Rifle 6.5
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M203 grenade launcher.

Maximum 400
Maximum Effective Area Target: 350
Point Target: 150
Minimum Safe Training: 165
Combat: 31

General Characteristics, Continued
Description The eight characteristics of the M203 grenade launcher are listed below.
· Lightweight
· Single-shot
· Breech loaded
· Pump action (sliding barrel)
· Shoulder-fired
· Attaches to the M16A2 rifle
· Fires a 40mm grenade

Ammunition
Ammunition The 40mm grenade cartridge used in the M203 is a fixed-type ammunition,
Types consisting of two major assemblies, the cartridge case and the projectile. The
standard types of ammunition used with the M203 grenade launcher are
described in the following table by color and use.
Type Color Used to Danger

Radius
High explosive Engage enemy 130 meters
(HE)
· Automatic
weapon positions
· Personnel dug into
fighting positions

airburst
(HE airburst) · Personnel on the
move
· Troops in the open

dual purpose
(HEDP) · Automatic
weapon positions
· Crew-served
weapon positions

Ammunition, Continued
Ammunition
Types,
continued

Radius
CS gas Provide chemical N/A
effects (including
temporary nausea,
tearing of eyes, and
intense coughing)
against enemy
troops
Multipurpose Engage enemy N/A

(Buckshot) personnel in the
open.
When firing, aim at

the foot of the
target.
Training practice Train grenadiers 20 meters

(TP)
Note: Fuze
arms between
14 to 27
meters.

Ammunition
Types,
continued

Radius
Training practice Train grenadiers
(TP)
Completely
inert and
contains no
fuze.
Illuminating Light up area
N/A
Signaling Mark ground
N/A
Signaling Mark ground
N/A

Lesson 1 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 What is one capability of the M203 grenade launcher?
a. Support and deliver enemy fires

b. Destroy soft-skinned vehicles
c. Supplement other supporting fires
d. Provide enemy fire support
Item 2 The maximum range of the M203 grenade launcher is ______ meters.
a. 150
b. 350
c. 400
d. 460
Item 3 The standard types of ammunition used with the M203 are high explosive,
high explosive airburst, high explosive dual purpose, CS gas, and
a. variable time.
b. white phosphorous.
c. training practice.
d. variable inert.


1 c 2-4
2 c 2-5
3 c 2-8


LESSON 2
CLEARING, DISASSEMBLING, AND CLEANING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to clear, disassemble, and
clean the M203 grenade launcher.

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to disassemble the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the cleaners/lubricant used for the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify steps for the care and cleaning of the M203 grenade.
Topic See Page

Introduction 2-13
Clearing 2-14
Disassembling 2-15
Cleaning 2-17

Clearing
Steps Before you begin to disassemble the M203 grenade launcher, you must clear
the weapon to be sure it is completely safe. The following table lists the steps
to clear the M203 grenade launcher.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon on safe by lowering the safety located inside the
trigger guard.
2 Depress the barrel latch
3 Slide the barrel assembly forward.
4 Inspect the breech.

Disassembling
Procedure The table below lists the steps to disassemble the M203 grenade launcher.
Step Action
1 Remove the quadrant sight by loosening the knurled screw on the
right side of weapon.
2 Remove the handguard and sight assembly by
· Pushing down on the slip ring of the rifle.

· Lifting up on hand guard and pulling it to the rear.

Disassembling, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
3 Depress the barrel latch and slide the barrel assembly forward.
4 Insert one end of a cleaning rod section into the hole and depress
the barrel stop.
5 Slide barrel assembly off the receiver track.

Cleaning
Purpose for You must clean the M203 grenade launcher after you have fired to remove
Cleaning powder ash and carbon fouling. These deposits will collect and promote rust.
Note: Only the unit armorer is authorized to remove metal fouling. Report
all burred, worn, cracked, or defective parts to your unit armorer
Cleaners and To be sure that your M203 grenade launcher works correctly, keep it clean
Lubricants and properly lubricated.
Note: Your cleaning equipment can be either a regular rifle cleaning brush
(toothbrush) or a bore brush and thong.
Cleaner Lubricant Preservative (CLP) is the only authorized cleaner/lubricant

used for the M203 grenade launcher.
CAUTION: Do not use dry cleaning solvent that contains acid when you
clean grease, oil, or corrosion-preventive compounds from the

Cleaning, Continued
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M203 grenade
Bore launcher assembly.
Step Action
1 Attach a clean, dry rag (the size of a handkerchief) to the thong.
2 Moisten the rag thoroughly with CLP.
3 Pull the rag through the bore several times; inspect the rag. Repeat
this step until the rag shows no fouling.
4 Attach the bore brush to the thong and pull it through the bore
several times as shown in the picture below. Repeat this step until
a dry rag pulled through the bore exits clean.

Cleaning, Continued
Procedure The following table lists the steps to clean the chamber of the M203 grenade
launcher.
Step Action
1 Clean area around the breech insert and firing pin hole.
2 Wipe the locator slot with a clean rag
Extreme Take extra precautions to make sure the M203 grenade launcher operates
Environments trouble free in extreme environments. Refer to the table below for actions to
take in different environments.
Type of Climate Care/Cleaning Prevents
Hot Inspect daily/lubricate Moisture and rust
Humid Dry, clean and lubricate as Moisture and rust
necessary
Hot, dry, sandy · Clean lubricate daily and · Rust and corrosion
wipe dry · Sand and dust in the
· Keep muzzle and receiver bore
covered
Below freezing · Remove excess oil · Sluggish operation
· Keep weapon free of · Rust and corrosion
moisture · Moisture and rust
· Keep the M203 temperature
close to the outside
temperature
Salt water Inspect daily/lubricate Moisture and rust
atmosphere

Lesson 2 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 What is the fourth step to clear the M203 grenade launcher?
1. Place the weapon on safe.

2. Depress the barrel latch.
3. Slide the barrel assembly forward.
4.
a. Remove the handguard.

b. Inspect the breech.
c. Depress the barrel stop.
d. Remove the quadrant sight.
Item 2 What is the first step the gunner must perform when disassembling the M203?
a. Slide the assembly off the receiver track.

b. Depress the barrel latch and slide the barrel assembly forward.
c. Remove the quadrant sight from carrying handle.
d. Remove the handguard assembly.
Item 3 Which is the only authorized cleaner/lubricant used on the M203 grenade
launcher?
a. CLP
b. LSA
c. LAW
d. RBC

Items 4 Matching: In the sequence and the space provided, place the letter of the
Through 7 steps to clean the M203 grenade launcher assembly from column 2 to column
1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps to Clean
___ 4. a. Moisten the rag thoroughly with

___ 5. CLP.
___ 6. b. Attach the bore brush to the
___ 7. thong and pull it through the bore
several times.
c. Pull the rag through the bore
several times until it shows no
fouling.
d. Attach a clean, dry rag to the
thong.
Item 8 How do you prevent rust, corrosion, sand, and dust in the bore in a hot, dry,
and sandy climate?
a. Remove excess oil and keep the M203 temperature close to the outside
temperature.
b. Clean and lubricate daily and keep muzzle and receiver covered.
c. Keep weapon free of moisture and close to outside temperature.
d. Inspect daily.


1 b 2-14
2 c 2-15
3 a 2-17
4 d 2-18
5 a 2-18
6 c 2-18
7 b 2-18
8 b 2-19

LESSON 3
ASSEMBLING, CONDUCTING THE FUNCTION CHECK, AND
FIRING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to assemble, perform a function check, and
accurately fire the M203 grenade launcher.

Objectives
· Identify the steps to assemble the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on the M203 grenade

launcher.
· Identify the steps to load M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the three methods to firing the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to adjust the sight leaf on the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to adjust the quadrant sight on the M203 grenade
launcher.

Introduction, Continued
Topic See Page

Introduction 2-23
Assembling 2-25
Performing a Function Check 2-26
Loading 2-28
Firing 2-29
Adjusting and Operating the Leaf Sight 2-30
Adjust and Operating the Quadrant Sight 2-33

Assembling
Procedure After you have cleaned your M203 grenade launcher, you are ready to
assemble your weapon. To assemble the M203 grenade launcher, replace the
parts in the reverse order of disassembly as shown in the table below.
Step Action
1 Depress the barrel stop and slide the barrel assembly onto the
receiver and close.
2 Install the handguards and secure them with the slip ring.
3 Mount the quadrant sight bracket and the quadrant sight

assembly on the carrying handle of the service rifle. Tighten the
mounting screw.

Performing a Function Check
Purpose Perform a function check to be sure that your M203 grenade launcher works.
The areas you must inspect to perform a function check are the
· Safety and trigger

· Barrel stop and barrel latch
Safety and To check the safety and trigger follow the steps listed in the table below:
Trigger
Step Action Result
1 Cock the launcher and squeeze the You should hear the firing
trigger. pin release.
2 Hold the trigger to rear and cock the N/A

launcher.
3 Release the trigger and then squeeze Firing pin should release.
trigger again.
4 Cock the launcher and check that the Doing this checks that the
safety moves to the safe and fire sear is functioning properly
positions. to ensure launcher does not
accidentally fire.
Note: The launcher must

be cocked before
the safety can be
placed in the safe
position.

Performing a Function Check, Continued
Barrel Stop Move the barrel forward and backward. Check that the stop and latch
and Barrel function properly, locking the barrel open and closed.
Latch

Loading
Procedure To load the M203 grenade launcher, follow the steps in the table below.
Step Action
1 Move the safety to the safe position.
2 Press the barrel latch and slide the barrel forward.
3 Insert ammunition into the chamber.
4 Slide the barrel closed until it locks.

Firing
Three Methods The three methods of firing the M203 grenade launcher are the
· Rifle sight methods

· Leaf sight method
· Quadrant sight method
Rifle Sight To engage targets under 50 meters, lower the leaf sight and use
Method the rifle sights, aiming at the foot of the target, as shown below.

Firing, Continued
Leaf Sight To engage targets between 50 and 250 meters, use the leaf sight and front
Method sight post of the M16A2 rifle as shown below.

Firing, Continued
Adjust Leaf To adjust leaf sight, follow the steps in the table below.
Sight
Step Action
1 To change the range of point of impact, loosen the elevation
adjustment screw and adjust the leaf sight as follows:
· To increase the range, raise the leaf sight.

· To decrease range, lower the leaf sight.
Notes: One increment equals 10 meters at 200 meters.
Use the rim of a used 40-mm cartridge to turn the

elevation adjustment screw.
2 To change the point of impact horizontally, turn the sight windage
screw
· Clockwise to adjust for wind from the left.

· Counterclockwise to adjust for wind from the right.
Note: One increment equals 1.5 meters at 200 meters.

Firing, Continued
Leaf Sight The components of the sight leaf are illustrated in the picture below.
Components
Leaf Sight Align the target with the 200-meter range increment of the sight leaf and the
Picture front sight post.
Alignment

Firing, Continued
Quadrant Sight The gunner uses the quadrant sight to engage targets from 50 to 400 meters.
Method
Adjusting the To adjust the quadrant sight, follow the steps in the table below.
Quadrant Sight
Step Action
1 To adjust elevation, pull the latch on the quadrant sight arm
toward you and release it at the selected elevation.
Note: One notch equals 5 meters at 200 meters.

2 To adjust for headwind and rear wind, turn the front sight post.
· Left to increase range.

· Right to decrease range.
3 To adjust for left and right wind
· Depress the retainer and slide the rear aperture in to adjust

for wind from the right.
· Slide the rear aperture out to adjust for wind from the left.
Note: The vertical line marks the center. One notch equals
1.5 meters at 200 meters.

Firing, Continued
Quadrant Sight The diagram below shows the quadrant sight and its major components.
Quadrant Sight Align front sight post of quadrant sight and M16A2 front sight post, centered
Alignment within rear aperture on the quadrant sight arm.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 5 by performing the action required. Check your
Item 1 What are the steps the gunner must perform to assemble the M203 grenade
launcher?
a. The reverse steps of disassembly

b. Same steps as disassembly
c. The quickest method
d. Steps according to unit SOP
Item 2 The areas to inspect while performing a function check on the M203 grenade
launcher are the barrel stop, barrel latch, trigger, and the
a. breech assembly.
b. receiver tracks.
c. quadrant sight assembly.
d. safety.
Item 3 What is the first step to load the M203 grenade launcher?
a. Slide the barrel forward.

b. Move the safety to safety position.
c. Set range on leaf sight.
d. Cock weapon.

Item 4 The gunner uses leaf sight method of fire to engage to engage targets at what
ranges in meters?
a. 50-150
b. 50-400
c. 50-300
d. 50-250
Item 5 To adjust the elevation adjustment screw on M203 leaf sight, the gunner uses
a
a. screwdriver.
b. multipurpose tool.
c. used 40 mm cartridge.
d. cleaning rod handle.
Item 6 When engaging targets with the quadrant sight, what must you do to adjust
the elevation or range to target?
a. Pull the latch on quadrant sight arm toward you and release at the selected
elevation.
b. Move the rear sight aperture right or left.
c. Move the front sight post away from or toward the barrel.
d. Move the rear sight aperture away from or toward the barrel.


1 a 2-25
2 d 2-26
3 b 2-28
4 d 2-30
5 c 2-31
6 a 2-33


LESSON 4
STOPPAGES, IMMEDIATE ACTION, AND EMPLOYMENT
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to identify stoppages and
their causes, perform immediate action, and identify the offensive and
defensive capabilities of the M203 grenade launcher.

Objectives
· Define a stoppage of the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps for immediate action on the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify criteria for employing the M203 grenade launcher.

Topic See Page

Introduction 2-39
Stoppages 2-41
Immediate Action 2-42
Employment 2-43

Stoppages
Definitions A stoppage is any unintentional interruption in the functioning of the weapon.
A failure to fire can be a
· Hangfire. A hangfire is a delay in the functioning of a propelling charge

explosive train at the time of firing.
· Misfire. A misfire is a complete failure to fire. A misfire itself is not

dangerous but since it cannot be immediately distinguished from a
hangfire, you must consider it a hangfire until proven otherwise.
WARNING: The amount of delay for a hangfire is unpredictable. Consider

all stoppages to be hangfires until proven otherwise.
Common The table below lists common M203 grenade launcher stoppages and their
Stoppages and causes.
Their Causes
STOPPAGE CHECK FOR HOW TO FIX IT
Failure to fire Too much water or oil in Point weapon up 30
back of breech insert seconds and hand
function.
Dirt or residue in firing Clean
pin hole
Dirt in locator slot Clean
Faulty ammunition Replace.
Failure to extract Casing stuck in barrel Remove with rifle
cleaning rod.
Failure to chamber Faulty ammunition or Replace ammunition or
dirty chamber clean bore and chamber.
Failure to lock Dirty follower or receiver See unit armorer.
cavity

Immediate Action
Definition Immediate action is the unhesitating application of a probable remedy when

you have not definitely identified the actual cause of a stoppage.
Procedure Because of the possibility of a misfire or hangfire, use caution while you
perform immediate action procedures. To apply immediate action, complete
the steps in the following table.
Step Action
1 Shout “Misfire,” keeping the weapon pointed down range. Be sure
all Marines are clear of the muzzle.
Note: Shouting misfire should apply only to training situations.
WARNING: Before you try to remove the ammunition from

the grenade launcher, clear Marines not required
for the operation from the vicinity.
2 Wait 30 seconds from the time of failure before opening the
breech to unload.
3 Catch the ejected ammunition or reduce the distance of free fall to
the ground.
4 Determine if the removed ammunition or the firing mechanism are
defective by examining the
· Primer of the ammunition for dents

· Firing mechanism
Note: If the primer has not been dented, then the firing
mechanism is at fault. After the cause of the failure to fire
has been corrected, reload the ammunition and continue
firing.
5 If the primer has been dented, keep the round separate from other
ammunition and follow the unit SOP for disposal.

Employment
Trajectory In employing the M203 grenade launcher to its maximum capability, you
must understand the trajectory of rounds, effects of the ammunition, and the
methods of firing.
At ranges up to 150 meters, the M203 grenade launcher has a relatively flat
trajectory. Therefore, you can fire the M203 grenade launcher from your
shoulder in the normal manner.
However, as the range increases, the height of the trajectory and the time of
flight of the projectile increase.
Effects of M203 The effective casualty radius is the radius of a circle around the point of
Grenade detonation.
Launcher Fire
Since the high explosive grenade has an effective casualty radius of 5 meters,
you can expect 50 percent of exposed troops to become casualties.
Offensive The grenadier can use the M203 grenade launcher offensively to
Employment
· Destroy groups of enemy personnel
· Provide close fire support in an assault together with other supporting
fires
The fire team leader/grenadier selects targets and delivers the M203 grenade
launcher fires during the attack. The grenadier may fire high explosive (HE)
ammunition only at targets far enough away so that the exploding HE will not
endanger the assaulting squad.
In the last 35 meters of an assault (when M203 grenade launcher fires may
endanger friendly assaulting troops), the grenadier should employ the
multiprojectile antipersonnel ammunition.
During an assault, the grenadier can employ the M16A2 rifle until suitable
targets appear or until there is time to reload the M203 grenade launcher.

Employment, Continued
Suitable Suitable M203 grenade launcher targets are

Targets
· Enemy automatic rifle positions
· Machinegun positions
· Other crew-served weapons within the fire team sector
Defensive Defensively, your firing position should enable you to deliver M203 grenades
Employment over the entire team sector. Primary and supplementary positions that you
prepare in the defense must provide maximum cover and concealment
consistent with the assigned mission.
WARNING: You must be sure that fields of fire are cleared of

obstructions that might cause premature detonation of a
projectile.
As the enemy approaches your unit’s defensive position, your goal is to

subject them to an ever-increasing volume of fire. Initially, you should use
your rifle.
Use of Grenade As the enemy gets nearer to friendly positions, use your grenade launcher to
Launcher fire on enemy
· Automatic weapons
· Troops in defilade
This will silence an enemy base of fire and cause enemy troops to leave
covered positions. Then automatic rifle fire can engage them.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 A stoppage is defined as
a. improperly loaded ammunition into the weapon.

b. any unintentional interruption in the functioning of a weapon.
c. waiting for 40 seconds and clearing the weapon.
d. having an ammunition casing stuck in the breech.
Item 2 Before opening the breech to unload after a misfire, wait
a. 15 seconds.
b. 30 seconds.
c. 1 minute.
d. 3 minutes.
Item 3 To employ the M203 grenade launcher, you must understand the trajectory of
rounds, effects of the ammunition, and
a. how to engage targets.

b. the methods of firing.
c. defensive firing.
d. offensive employment.

Item 4 The trajectory of the M203 is relatively flat at ranges up to ______ meters.
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200
d. 250
Item 5 Offensively, in the last 35 meters of an assault, use ______ ammunition in the
a. HE explosive
b. multiprojectile antipersonnel
c. TP
d. BAW
Item 6 Defensively, be sure fields of fire are cleared of obstructions because they
a. subject you to an increasing volume of fire.

b. provide cover and concealment to the enemy.
c. might cause premature detonation of a projectile.
d. become targets of enemy fire.


1 b 2-41
2 b 2-42
3 b 2-43
4 b 2-43
5 b 2-43
6 c 2-44

(This page intentionally left blank)

STUDY UNIT 3
M249 SQUAD AUTOMATIC WEAPON (SAW)
Overview

Study Time
Unit Scope This study unit will teach you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics of the M249 SAW.
· Identify how to maintain the M249 SAW.
· Identify how to engage a target with the M249 SAW.
· Identify how to troubleshoot malfunctions and stoppages on the M249

SAW.

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 3 Assembling, Performing the Function Check and 3-39
Mounting
Lesson 4 Using the SAW 3-51


LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you the basic characteristics of the M249 squad automatic
weapon (SAW) and the ammunition it uses.

Objectives
· Identify the capabilities of the M249 SAW.
· Describe the characteristic of the M249 SAW.
· Identify the eight steps in the cycle of operation for the M249 SAW.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the M249 SAW based on
color and use.
Topic See Page

Introduction 3-3
Cycle of Operation 3-9
Ammunition 3-10

Role The M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW) is the fire team’s primary
automatic weapon. The SAW supports the squad in the offense and the
defense by providing a heavy volume of suppressive fire.
Capabilities The capabilities of the SAW are listed below.
· The SAW provides
· Long-range, close defensive, and final protective fires as part of the

squad's defensive lines
· Close and continuous fire in support of front-line rifle squads
· The SAW supports
· Rear security and special missions

· The advance of the squad by fire in the offense
· The SAW supplements other supporting fires.

M249 Squad Below is a picture of the M249 SAW, the only automatic weapon at the squad
Automatic level to support primary fire team.
Weapon (SAW)
Weight The following table lists the approximate weights (in pounds) of the M249
SAW and box of 5.56 ammo.

Weapon (with bipod and tools) 17
200-round box (filled) 6.92
Length The length of the M249 SAW is 40.75 inches.

Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M249 SAW.

Maximum 600
Area target: 1,000
Maximum Effective Point target: 800
Grazing fire: 600
Rate of Fire The following table lists the rate of fire (in rounds per minute) for the M249
SAW.
Rate of Fire Rounds per Minute

Cyclic 850
Sustained 50
Rapid 100

Sights The following table lists the types of sights for the M249 SAW.
Sight Type
Front Semi-fixed hooded post
Rear Fully adjustable peep type

Descriptive The M249 SAW is

Characteristics
· Gas-operated. Gas taken from the barrel acts on a piston directly fixed to
the bolt carrier (slide). A single piston controls the gas pressure.
· Air-cooled. The barrel is air-cooled and has a fixed head space. No

special cooling measures are required. The normal outside temperature
provides adequate cooling in any climate.
· Belt- or magazine-fed. The M249 SAW uses a 200-round ammunition

box consisting of a combat mix of linked ammunition under usual
conditions. During firing, the links disengage and feeding is continuous.
The weapon has an alternate 30-round magazine provision authorized
only during emergency situations. Using the 30-round magazine reduces
the performance of the weapon.
Note: The M249 SAW fires from the open bolt position. The bolt is a
multiple-lug type that rotates into a positive locked position in the
barrel extension before firing.

Cycle of Operation
Eight Steps The cycle of operation for the M249 SAW consists of eight steps shown in
the table below.
Step Action
1 Feeding: Feeding takes place as the operator places a belt of
ammunition on the feed tray or inserts a loaded magazine in the
magazine well. A cartridge is placed in the path of the bolt so
that as the bolt is driven forward from the force of the expanding
driving spring, the face of the bolt makes contact with the rim of
the first cartridge and strips it from the links or magazine.
2 Chambering: Occurs as the bolt continues to move forward and
forces the cartridge into the barrel chamber.
3 Locking: The locking lugs and bolt face make contact with the
rear of the chamber, the forward movement of the bolt stops, and
the slide assembly pushes the rotating lug of the bolt to the right.
This rotation of the bolt causes the locking lugs to disalign with
the locking recesses.
4 Firing: The firing pin then strikes the primer of the cartridge.
5 Unlocking: Expanding gases from the ignited propellant are
vented off through the gas port in the gas regulator. The
pressure of the expanding gases is directed rearward through the
gas cylinder and forces the piston assembly, slide assembly, and
bolt to the rear.
6 Extracting: The bolt moves rearward and the cartridge case is
pulled from the chamber.
7 Ejecting: The ejector strikes the upper left of the base of the
cartridge, just as the bolt face clears the rear of the ejection port,
causing the cartridge case to pivot over the extraction claw and
to be thrown clear of the receiver.
8 Cocking: As the bolt continues its movement to the rear, the
piston assembly compresses the driving spring. Cocking is
completed when the spring is fully compressed.

Ammunition
Four Types The M249 SAW fires various types of 5.56mm ammunition. The
recommended combat mix of SAW ammunition is four M855 ball
ammunition rounds to one M856 tracer round.
Unlike the standard 5.56mm ammunition you use with the M16A2 service
rifle, some of these rounds are color coded. The table below shows the four
standard types of M249 SAW ammunition and the color and purpose of each
type.
Type Color Used For

M855 (Ball) Anti-personnel and
light materials
M856 (Tracer) Signaling, incendiary

effects, and
anti-personnel
M232 (Dummy) Mechanical training,

dry-fire exercises, and
function checks
M200 (Blank) Training evolutions

Lesson 1 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 A capability of the M249 squad automatic weapon is to provide long-range,

close defensive, and final protective fires as part of the squad’s defensive
lines and to
a. provide special capabilities.

b. provide close and continuous fire in support of front-line rifle squads.
c. support additional power for adverse conditions.
d. provide support but only during emergency situations.
Item 2 What is the maximum effective range in meters of the M249 SAW against an
area target?
a. 600
b. 800
c. 1,000
d. 1,100

Items 3 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step in the cycle of
Through 7 operation for the M249 SAW from column 2 in the correct sequence in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps in Cycle of Operation
___ 3. a. Chambering/Locking
___ 4. b. Ejecting/Cocking
___ 5. c. Feeding
___ 6. d. Firing
___ 7. e. Unlocking/Extracting
Item 8 The recommended combat mix of M249 SAW ammunition is four
a. M196 tracer rounds to one M193 ball round.

b. M200 blank rounds to one M855 ball round.
c. M855 ball rounds to one M856 tracer round.
d. M856 tracer rounds to one M199 dummy round.
Items 9 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the type of M249
Through 12 ammunition from column 2 that best matches the color or use in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
Color or Use Type of Ammunition
___ 9. Orange a. M199 Dummy

___ 10. Function check b. M855 Ball
___ 11. Antipersonnel or light c. M200 Blank
material. d. M856 Tracer
___ 12. Training evolutions.

Lesson 1 Exercise Solutions

1 b 3-4
2 c 3-6
3 c 3-9
4 a 3-9
5 d 3-9
6 e 3-9
7 b 3-9
8 c 3-10
9 d 3-10
10 a 3-10
11 b 3-10
12 c 3-10

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LESSON 2
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to clear, disassemble, and
clean the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the M249 SAW.
· Identify the components of the M249 SAW and their functions.
· Identify the steps to disassemble the M249 SAW.
· Identify the cleaners/lubricants by use for the M249 SAW.
· Identify precautions for the care of the M249 SAW in extreme

environments.

Topic See Page

Introduction 3-15
Clearing 3-17
Components 3-19
Disassembling 3-21
Cleaning and Care 3-29

Clearing
Steps Before you begin to disassemble any weapon, you must first check to ensure
there is no ammunition present. The below table lists the steps to clear the
M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Pull the cocking handle to the rear with the right hand and lock
the bolt to the rear. Push the cocking handle forward until it
clicks.
2 Push the safety from left to right. Red should not be visible on
the safety.

Clearing, Continued
Steps, Step Action

continued 3 Remove the ammunition by raising the cover assembly or
depressing the magazine release tab to remove the M16
magazine from the cover assembly
OR
4 Raise the feed tray. Inspect the chamber and receiver to ensure
that all ammunition and links have been removed.
5 Close the cover assembly and lock it.
6 Push the safety from right to left (red now visible).
7 Move cocking handle to the rear, squeeze the trigger, and ride
the bolt home.
Note: Never allow the bolt to slam home on an empty

chamber. Doing so will damage the weapon.

Components
Major Parts After you clear the M249 SAW, you are ready to disassemble it. The M249
SAW can be disassembled into its major components, shown on the figure
below. Each component is described in the table on the next page.

Components, Continued
Major Parts, The table below lists the M249 SAW components and their uses. The
continued references are to the picture on the previous page.
Picture
Component Function
Reference
A Barrel Housing the cartridge for firing and
supporting the front sights
B Rear sight Adjusting impact of the round for both
windage and elevation
C Cover, feed Feeding the link belt ammunition into
mechanism, and feed the weapon and holding cartridges in
tray pawl position for striking, feeding, and
chambering
D Cocking handle Pulling the moving parts to the rear
E Buttstock, shoulder, Serving as a shoulder support for
and folding shoulder aiming and firing the weapon
rest
F Piston Transferring power from propelling
gases to the bolt slide assembly to
operate the weapon
G Bolt Feeding, stripping, chambering, firing,
and extracting using propellant gases
H Slide Housing the firing pin and roller
assembly
I Operating rod Absorbing recoil from the bolt and
operating rod assembly at the end of
recoil movement
J Receiver Supporting all major components and
controlling the functioning of the
weapon
K Trigger mechanism Controlling the firing of the weapon
L Handguard Providing thermal insulation to protect
the operator's hands from heat and
housing the cleaning equipment
M Bipod Supporting the weapon in a prone and
sitting position
N Gas cylinder Locking the bipod in place on the
receiver and providing a passageway for
operating gases

Disassembling
Procedures Now that you are familiar with the components of the M249 SAW, you can
start to disassemble the weapon into its main groups:
· Operating rod assembly

· Slide assembly and bolt
· Heat shield
· Barrel assembly
· Gas regulator
· Handguard
· Gas cylinder
· Buttstock and shoulder assembly
· Trigger mechanism
Note: Before disassembly begins, ensure the bipod legs are locked open.
Operating Rod The following table lists the steps to remove the operating rod assembly of
Assembly the M249 SAW.
WARNING: Be sure the bolt is in the forward position before disassembly

of the M249 SAW. The guild rod can cause death or injury if
the guide spring is retracted with bolt pulled to rear.

Removing the Be sure you have read the warning on the previous page. Look at the first
Operating Rod step listed in the table below.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Pull the upper retaining pin at the rear of the receiver to the left and
allow the buffer and buttstock assembly to pivot downward.
2 Remove the operating rod assembly from the receiver by pressing

inward and up on the rear of the operating rod with one thumb. Slowly
let the drive spring expand and remove it from the receiver. Separate
the drive spring and operating rod.

Slide Assembly The table below lists the steps to remove the slide assembly and bolt.
and Bolt
Step Action
1 Pull the cocking handle to the rear. Slide the moving parts out and set
them aside.
2 Separate the bolt from the slide assembly by rotating the bolt
counterclockwise to disengage the lug. Pull the bolt forward off the
slide assembly.
Note: When you remove the bolt, the firing pin spring is free. Be
sure you don’t lose it.

Slide Assembly
and Bolt,
continued
Step Action
3 Separate the slide assembly from the piston using the spring guide
to press the retaining pin at the rear of the piston to the left. Lift
the slide assembly upward.
Heat Shield Hold the weapon firmly, grasp the heat shield just forward of the barrel
handle, and lift the heat shield off the barrel.

Barrel The table below lists the steps to remove the barrel assembly of the M249
Assembly SAW.
Step Action
1 Close the cover.
2 Depress the locking lever of the barrel using your left hand.
3 Hold the carrying handle with your right hand, lift the barrel up,
and push the barrel forward as shown in the picture below.

Gas Regulator The table below lists the steps to remove the gas regulator of the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Rotate the gas collar pin out of the notch by placing the tip of the
scraper with the concave side inside the notch.
2 Rotate the collar counterclockwise over the concave portion of the

tip on the scraper and past the notch until the collar slides off.
3 Remove the gas regulator by pulling to separate it from the gas

block.

Removing the The table below lists the steps to remove the handguard from the M249 SAW.
Handguard
Step Action
1 Push the retaining pin on the handguard from right to the left using
the cleaning rod section and pull the handguard down and away to
separate it from the receiver.
Gas Cylinder To remove the bipod and gas cylinder, turn the gas cylinder to the left or right
until you hear a click. Pull the gas cylinder forward and separate it from the
bipod.

Removing the Press the lower retaining pin to the left and separate the buffer and buttstock
Buttstock and assembly from the receiver.
Shoulder
Assembly
Removing the With the lower retaining pin still to the left, pull downward and to the rear on
Trigger the handgrip to remove the rigger mechanism assembly from the receiver.
Mechanism

Care and Cleaning
Action Proper care of the M249 SAW consists of three actions.
· Cleaning
· Inspecting
· Lubricating
When to Clean You need to conduct care and cleaning on a regular basis.
· After firing
· At least daily under combat/field conditions
· Weekly when the gun is in storage
Cleaning and The only authorized cleaner and lubricating materials on the M249 SAW is
Lubricating CLP. No other cleaners or abrasives are authorized.
Materials
Cleaning Kit The M249 SAW is designed to hold a cleaning kit in the handguard. The
kit includes the following tools:
· Scraper Tool
· Cleaning Rod Handle
· Rod Section (2)
· Chamber Brush
· Bore Brush
· Swab Holder

Care and Cleaning, Continued
Cleaning M249 The M249 SAW's barrels are cleaned in the same way as the M12A2 service
SAW’s Barrels rifle. The table below list the procedures to clean, inspect, and lubricate.
Step Action
1 Clean the bore and chamber using CPL and fresh swabs.
2 Wipe all metal components and surfaces that have been
exposed to powder fouling.
3 Inspect by looking for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
4 Lubricate by applying a light coat of lubricant to all parts.
Generously lubricate the moving parts to reduce friction
during operation.
Note: Do not lubricate the top or face of the bolt.
Cleaning M249 Clean the receiver and cover assembly using a general purpose bush and
SAW’s Receiver M60E3 machine gun receiver brush. The table below list the procedures to
Group clean, inspect, and lubricate.
Step Action
1 Wipe all metal components and surfaces.
2 Look for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
3 The windage and elevation knobs on the rear sight should be
movable and legible. Ensure scale screws are not worn or
burred.
4 Check springs and moving parts for weak or binding action.
5 Lubricate by applying a moderate coat of CLP on the slide
rails and moving parts.
6 Place a light coat of CLP on rear sight and exercise the
windage and elevation knobs.

Cleaning the The gas system includes the regulator, cylinder, gas block, and piston. The
M249 SAW’s Gas table below lists the procedures to clean and inspect the gas system. Wipe
System the parts dry; do not use any type of oil to lubricate the system.
Step Action
1 Remove all carbon from the gas regulator by using the scraper tool
as shown below. Remove carbon from the following locations:
The gas vent holes
The central hole
The groves of the body

Cleaning the
M249 SAW’s
Gas System,
continued
Step Action
2 Clean the front interior of the gas cylinder by inserting and turning
the flat side of the scraper in a circular motion as shown in the
picture below.
3 Use the scraper tool as shown below to clean the grooves and front
hole cleans the piston.

Inspection and To inspect and lubricate the M249 SAW, do the following:
Lubrication
Step Action
1 Look for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
2 Wipe dry with clean cloth. Do not apply oil to gas system.
Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions to be sure your
Environments M249 SAW operates trouble-free. The following table shows the
precautions you must take for each environmental condition.
Environment Precautions
Damp or salty air · Inspect the weapon frequently for rust.
· Keep the weapon as moisture-free as possible.
· Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the weapon
more often.
· Use a generous coat of lubricant.
Hot, dry, and sandy · Clean and lubricate more often.
· Wipe the weapon dry. Do not use extra
lubricant because the grit and dust will stick to
the parts.
· Cover the weapon when not in use.
Cold, snowy, and icy · Cover the weapon when outside.
· Keep the weapon away from direct heat when
inside.
· If the metal sweats, dry and lubricate the parts.
Lubricate enough so that it can be spread with
finger.

Lesson 2 Exercise
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 13 by performing the action. Check your answers
against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 To clear the M249 SAW, charge the weapon by pulling the cocking handle to
the rear, pushing the charging handle forward until it clicks, and
a. locking the bolt to the rear.

b. being sure the charging handle “clicks.”
c. being sure the red ring is visible.
d. pushing the safety to the right.
Items 2 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the function in column 2
Through 5 that best matches the component of the M249 SAW in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Component of M249 SAW Function
___ 2. Piston a. Feeding, stripping, chambering,

___ 3. Gas cylinder firing, and extracting using
___ 4. Bolt propellant gases
___ 5. Slide b. Housing firing pin and roller
assembly
c. Transferring power from
propelling gases to the bolt slide
assembly
d. Locking the bipod in place on the
receiver and providing a
passageway for operating gases

Item 6 Disassembling the M249 SAW consists of removing _____ main groups.
a. 7
b. 8
c. 11
d. 14
Items 7 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps to dissemble the
Through 10 M249 SAW in column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in
column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps
___ 7. a. Heat shield

___ 8. b. Barrel assembly
___ 9. c. Slide and bolt assembly
___ 10. d. Operating rod assembly
Item 11 Which cleaner/lubricant is the only authorized lubricating for the M249
SAW?
a. CLP
b. RBC
c. LSA
a. LAW

Item 12 The procedures for proper care of the M249 SAW are
a. cleaning, inspecting, and lubricating.

b. cleaning and lubricating.
c. cleaning and inspecting.
d. disassembling, cleaning, and lubricating.
Item 13 Which precautionary measures must you take for the M249 SAW in a damp
or salty environment?
a. Inspect frequently for rust; field-strip, clean and lubricate more often; and
use generous coat of lubricant.
b. Clean and lubricate more often; wipe weapon dry; and cover weapon
when not in use.
c. Cover weapon when outside; dry and lubricate parts before taking outside;
and wipe the weapon dry.
d. Cover weapon and generously lubricate before taking outside.

Item Number Answer` Reference Page

1 d 3-17
2 c 3-20
3 d 3-20
4 a 3-20
5 b 3-20
6 b 3-21
7 d 3-22
8 c 3-23
9 a 3-24
10 b 3-25
11 a 3-29
12 a 3-29
13 a 3-33


LESSON 3
ASSEMBLING, PERFORMING THE FUNCTION CHECK, AND
MOUNTING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to assemble, perform a function check, and
mount the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).

Objectives
· Identify the steps to assemble the M249 SAW.
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on the M249 squad SAW.
· Identify the steps to engage the M249 SAW bipod.
Topic See Page

Introduction 3-39
Assembling 3-40
Engaging the Bipod 3-48

Assembling
Introduction After you have cleaned your M249 SAW, you are ready to assemble your
weapon. To assemble the M249 SAW, replace the parts in the reverse order
of disassembly.
Bipod and Gas The table below lists the steps to assemble the bipod and gas cylinder on the
Cylinder M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Place the bipod on the receiver as shown in the picture below.
2 Push the gas cylinder through the bipod yoke into the receiver.
3 Push the cylinder to the rear and guide the end of the cylinder into
the receiver with your other hand as shown in the picture below.
4 Turn the cylinder until the spring clicks into the recess at the rear
of the gas cylinder.

Assembling, Continued
Handguard The table below lists the steps to assemble the handguard on the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Replace all cleaning equipment, if removed, in stowage areas.
2 Place the handguard on the receiver and slide it backwards until it
stops as shown in the picture below.
3 Push the handguard retaining pin to the right using the guide rod.
4 Pull the handguard downward to check to see if it is properly
secured as shown in the picture below.

Gas Regulator The table below lists the steps to attach the gas regulator to the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Hold the barrel in one hand with the muzzle up.
2 Insert the gas regulator into the lower end of the gas block hole.
3 Align the notch in the regulator body with the notch in the gas
block.
4 Support the installed regulator body on a firm surface.
5 Place the gas collar regulator on the protruding end of the body
and align the spring with the stud.
6 Firmly push downward and rotate the collar clockwise into the
normal position as shown in the picture below.

Barrel The table below lists the steps to attach the barrel assembly to the M249
Assembly SAW.
Step Action
1 Depress the locking lever with your left hand as shown in the
picture below.
2 Hold the carrying handle with your right hand.

3 Pull the barrel rearward.
4 Push downward as shown in the picture below.
5 Lock the barrel into place by releasing the locking lever.

6 Install the heat shield.

Trigger The table below lists the steps to attach the trigger mechanism to the M249
Mechanism SAW.
Step Action
1 Push the trigger mechanism upward to the receiver as shown in the
picture below.
2 Push the retaining pins to the left.
Buttstock and The table below lists the steps to attach the buttstock and shoulder assembly
Shoulder to the M249 SAW.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Align the lower hole in the buttstock and shoulder assembly with
the rear hole in the trigger mechanism.
2 Push the lower pin to the right as shown in the picture below.

Bolt and Slide The table below lists the steps to attach the bolt and slide assembly to the
Assembly M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Place the bolt carrier (slide) on the piston as shown in the picture
below.
2 Push the retaining pin from the left to the right to secure it.
Note: Before you continue, be sure the firing pin spring is on

the firing pin.
3 Place the bolt in the bolt carrier. Press the firing pin spring to
compress it.
4 Rotate the bolt and hook its driving lug into the bolt carrier.
5 Place the moving parts into the receiver with the feed cover open
by placing the bolt lugs in the rails.
6 Place the piston in the rear of the gas cylinder, simultaneously
pressing the trigger with the forefinger as shown in the picture
below.
Note: Step 6 ensures that the sear does not prevent the moving
parts from going forward.

Operating Rod The table below lists the steps to attach the operating rod assembly to the
Assembly M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Hold the pistol grip with one hand and push the operating
assembly into its housing in the rear with your other hand.
2 Press in and down on the rear of the operating rod assembly until
its two lugs are positioned in the receiver grooves as shown in the
picture below.
3 Pivot the butt upward into position as shown in the picture below.
4 Push the retaining pin to the right and close the cover assembly.

Purpose To ensure proper reassembly, the operator must perform a function check of
the weapon.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform a function check on the M249
SAW.
Step Action
1 Grasp the cocking handle with the right hand, palm up, and pull
the bolt to the rear, locking it in place.
2 Push the cocking handle forward and lock it in place.
3 Place the safety switch to SAFE and depress the trigger. Nothing
should happen.
4 Grasp the cocking handle and pull and hold it to the rear.
5 Place the safety switch to FIRE and depress the trigger.
6 Ease the bolt forward to prevent it from slamming into the
chamber.

Engaging the Bipod
Procedures You can fire the M249 SAW in the prone position using the bipod group.
The table below lists the steps to engage the bipod to support the machine
gunner while firing.
Step Action
1 Lower the bipod legs by holding the legs together and pulling
them down and away from the handguard.
2 Release the legs so that they lock in the vertical position.
3 Extend the bipod legs by grasping the foot of each leg and pulling
down.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1through 3 by performing the action required and choose the
best answer. Check your answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 Attaching the _______________ is the last procedure in the sequence for
assembling the M249 SAW.
a. bipod and gas cylinder assembly

b. trigger mechanism assembly
c. operating rod assembly
d. buttstock and shoulder assembly
Item 2 Which of the following is the first step in conducting a function check on the
M249 SAW?
a. Place the fire/safe switch on S and depress the trigger

b. Grasp the cocking handle with the right hand, palm up, and pull the bolt to
the rear locking it in place
c. Open the cover
d. Place the fire/safe switch on F and depress the trigger
Item 3 What is the first step to engage the M249 SAW’s bipod?
a. Lower bipod assembly legs

b. Push in the locking pin
c. Engage the front axis of the weapon
d. Attach the 200-round box of ammunition


1 c 3-46
2 b 3-47
3 a 3-48

LESSON 4
USING THE SAW
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson covers the techniques for sighting, firing, and performing
immediate action on the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).

Objectives
· Identify the components of the rear sight assembly for the M249 SAW.
· Identify the procedures for firing the M249 SAW.
· Identify the steps to perform immediate action for the M249 SAW.
Topic See Page

Introduction 3-51
Sighting 3-52
Firing 3-54
Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action 3-59

Sighting
Sight Assembly The M249 SAW has two sights that are used to aim the machinegun.
· The front sight on the M249 SAW is located on the barrel assembly. It is
a semifixed, hooded post-type sight.
· The rear sight is a peep-type sight that is fully adjustable for windage and
elevation correction, as shown below.

Sighting, Continued
Parts and The table below lists the parts and function of the rear sight assembly.
Function
Part Function
Windage Knob To make adjustments for the effects of wind, traverse the
rear sight across the sliding scale.
· The sliding scale is marked with index lines that are

equal to .5 mils.
· Each line on the sliding scale is equal and moves the

strike of the round almost 2 (1.97”) inches at 100
meters.
Elevation Knob To make adjustments for range, move the rear sight to the
range settings that are marked from 300 to 1,000 meters.
· Even numbers are marked on the left side of the scale

and are numbered 4, 6, 8, 10.
· Odd numbers are on the right side and are marked

with the number 3 and three index lines, representing
300, 500, 700, 900 meters.
Notes: For fine adjustments in range, you can move the

peep sight nine 180-degree turns between range
lines. Doing so moves the strike of the rounds
almost 2 (1.97”) inches at 100 meters.
The table below shows at various distances what

one click moves the strike of the round.
One click moves the strike…
Distance from target in meters
In centimeters In inches
100 5 2
200 10 4
300 15 6
400 20 8
500 25 10
600 30 12
700 35 14
800 40 16
900 45 18

Firing
Introduction Firing the M249 SAW actually consists of three procedures:
· Loading (200-round box or 30-round magazine)

· Firing
· Zeroing
Loading the To engage targets with the M249 SAW, you must first load ammunition into
200-Round the weapon.
Ammunition
Box The table below lists the procedure to load the 200-round ammunition box
into the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Charge the weapon.
2 Open the cover assembly by squeezing the cover latches.
3 Raise the feed tray and look into the chamber to be sure that there
is no round chambered.
4 Lower the feed tray.
5 Align the box latch with the receiver dovetail and attach the 200-
round ammunition box to the underside of the receiver.
6 Place the link belt in the feed tray; making certain the open side of
the links is down with the first round against the cartridge stop as
shown in the picture below.
7 Hold the belt in position and close the cover assembly.

Firing, Continued
Emergency During emergency situations, a 30-round magazine may be loaded into the
Situations M249 SAW.
Loading the 30- The table below lists the steps to load the 30-round magazine into the M249
Round SAW.
Magazine
Step Action
1 Insert the magazine into the magazine well on the left side of the
receiver as shown in the picture below.
2 Push the magazine firmly to the right until it bottoms in the well
and the magazine release tab “clicks” into the recess in the
magazine.
Note: You cannot insert the magazine while a 200-round

ammunition box is attached to the weapon.

Firing, Continued
Using the Bipod If the automatic rifleman aims his weapon correctly and properly applies a
in the Prone steady hold he can become a formidable weapon on the battlefield. The table
Position below lists the steps to fire the M249 SAW with the bipod in the prone
position.
Step Action
1 Assume a prone position to the rear of the weapon with the
shoulder rest on your firing shoulder.
2 Spread your legs a comfortable distance apart with heels as close

to the ground as possible.
3 Grasp the pistol grip with your firing hand.
4 Place your nonfiring hand on the small of the stock with your little
finger touching the receiver.
5 Place your cheek against the forefinger of your nonfiring hand and
apply a firm, steady pressure rearward and down.

Firing, Continued
Aiming the To aim the M249 SAW, the automatic rifleman must align the sights, focus
M249 SAW his eye, and obtain a correct sight picture for rounds to hit target. The
fundamentals to be successful on the battlefield are listed below.
Sight Align the hooded front sight post horizontally and vertically in the center of
Alignment the rear sight aperture (peep sight).
Sight Picture While applying sight alignment, place the front sight post on the center base
of the target.

Firing, Continued
Field Zeroing To successfully engage targets, the automatic rifleman must zero the M249
SAW. The table below lists the steps to field zero the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Center the rear sight by
· Rotating the windage knob until the peep sight is completely to

the right.
· Rotating the windage knob backwards 12 clicks.
Note: To check your sight, start with the sight all the way to the
right. Rotate the windage knob backwards until it stops
the left side. Count the clicks and divide this number by
two.
2 Rotate the elevation knob to the desired range.
Note: A 300-meter range is recommended because of the ease

to determine adjustments for the center of the beaten
zone.
3 Fire a three- to five-round burst on the center of your target.
4 To make windage changes, moving the windage knob
· Forward (right) to move the impact to the right.

· Backward (left) to move the impact to the left.
5 Change elevation by rotating the peep sight
· Clockwise to lower the impact.

· Counterclockwise to raise the impact.

Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action
Malfunctions A malfunction occurs when the M249 SAW does not operate within the
normal cycle of operation.
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of operation caused by faulty

action of the M249 SAW or by faulty ammunition.
Common Types The table below lists the most common type of stoppages, their causes, and
the corrective action for each.
Type Causes Corrective Action

Failure to feed Insufficient lubrication Lubricate as required.
Insufficient gas pressure Clean gas regulator, piston, and
cylinder.
Defective ammunition Replace the ammunition.
links
Obstruction in receiver Remove the obstruction.
Unlatched cover Latch the cover.
Failure to fire Defective ammunition Replace with new ammunition.
Defective parts in the Inspect the parts and replace
firing mechanism worn, burred, or broken parts.
Failure to Carbon buildup in gas Clean gas cylinder and receiver.
chamber cylinder or receiver
Failure to extract Stuck cartridge case Remove cartridge case.
Dirty chamber/bolt and Clean chamber, bolt, and slide

slide assembly assembly.
Damaged extractor Notify unit maintenance.
spring
Failure to eject Short recoil Clean and lubricate bolt and
slide assembly.

Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action, Continued
Immediate Immediate action is the action you take to clear a stoppage without
Action investigating the cause. The table below lists the steps to apply immediate
action for the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Keep the weapon pointed down range and wait 5 seconds.
2 Charge the M249 SAW; observing for an ejected round. If the
round is:
· Ejected, attempt to fire.
· Not ejected and the barrel is
· Hot (200 rounds fired within two minutes). Wait 15
minutes and clear the weapon.
· Cold. Clear the weapon and troubleshoot the cause of the
malfunction.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 The rear sight assembly on the M249 SAW is described as a
a. semifixed, hooded post-type sight.

b. ladder-type sight.
c. adjustable leaf type sight.
d. fully adjustable peep-type sight.
Item 2 When placing the link belt in the feed tray of the M249 SAW, how should
you position the rounds?
a. The open side of the links should be down.

b. The open side of the links should be up.
c. The second open round should be placed on the cartridge stop.
d. The third open round should be placed on the cartridge stop.
Item 3 During the second step in immediate action to the M249 SAW, the gunner
observes for
a. cause of stoppage.
b. ejecting of links.
c. ejecting of a round.
d. nothing.


1 d 3-52
2 a 3-54
3 c 3-60

STUDY UNIT 4
M240G MACHINEGUN
Overview

Study Time
M240G machinegun (M240G).

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics and capabilities of the M240G.
· Identify how to maintain the M240G.
· Identify the steps to employing the M240G.
· Identify how to troubleshoot malfunctions and stoppages for the M240G.

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 2 Clearing and Field Stripping 4-19
Lesson 3 Cleaning, Assembling, and Inspecting 4-33
Lesson 4 Using the M240G Machinegun 4-51

(This page left intentionally blank.)

LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson is to teach you the basic characteristics of the M240G
machinegun (M240G), the M122 tripod, and the authorized ammunition.

Objectives
· Identify the role of the M240G.
· Describe the principal characteristics of the M240G.
· Identify the steps in the cycle of operation of the M240G.
· Identify the types of M240G ammunition by description and use.
· Identify the M122 tripod with accessories for the M240G.
In This Lesson The lesson contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Introduction 4-3
Role 4-4
General Characteristics and Capabilities 4-5
Ammunition 4-9
Mounts and Accessories 4-10

Role of the M240G Machinegun
Role The M240G supports the infantryman in both the offense and the defense by
providing a heavy volume of accurate, long-range fire beyond the capability
of individual small arms.
Major This diagram and table identify the major components of the M240G.
Components of
the M240G
Number Name of Component

1 Barrel group assembly
2 Buttstock and buffer assembly
3 Drive spring rod assembly
4 Bolt and operating rod assembly
5 Trigger housing assembly
6 Cover assembly
7 Feed tray
8 Receiver assembly

General Characteristics and Capabilities
Weight The following table lists the weight (in pounds) of the M240G.

Weight of machinegun 25.6
Weight of tripod, M122 flex mount, 20
and T&E (complete)
Weight of spare barrel case (SL-3 12.9
complete)
Dimensions The following table lists the dimensions (in inches) of the M240G.
Item Dimension (in inches)

Overall length of the gun 49
4 grooves with uniform right-hand
Rifling
twist (1 turn per 12 inches)
Height of machinegun on M122 17
tripod
Manipulation The following table lists the traverse limits for the M240G (with M122 tripod
Limits of M122 with traversing and elevation (T&E) mechanism).
Tripod
Item Limits
Elevation 247 mils (18 degrees)
Depression 200 mils (11 degrees)
Traverse (traversing bar) 875 mils (49 degrees)
Rates of Fire The following table lists the rates of fire for the M240G.
Method of Delivery Rates of fire (in rounds per minute)

650-950 (depends on gas setting) on
Cyclic
continuous burst
100; 6-8 round burst
Sustained
(4-5 seconds between bursts)
200; 10-12 round burst
Rapid
(2-3 seconds between bursts)

General Characteristics and Capabilities, Continued
Range The following table lists the range limits (in meters) for the M240G.
Range Limits (in meters)

Maximum 3,725
Maximum effective (area) 1,800
Maximum effective (point) 800
Tracer burnout Approximately 900
Grazing fire 600
Three Three descriptive characteristics of the M240G are that it is

Descriptive
Characteristics · Belt-fed. The gun is fed by a disintegrating metallic link belt.
· Gas-operated. The gas produced from firing one round provides the
energy to mechanically prepare the weapon to fire the next.
· Air-cooled. The barrel and receiver are exposed to permit cooling by the
air.

Cycle of Operation
Eight Steps The cycle of operation for the M240G consists of eight sequential steps listed
in the table below.
Step Action
Firing After the bolt reaches its locked position, the operating rod
moves forward, independent of the bolt. It carries the striker
of the fixed firing pin through the aperture in the face of the
bolt, striking and detonating the primer of the cartridge.
Unlocking After the cartridge ignites and the projectile passes the gas
port, part of the gases enter the gas cylinder. The rapidly
expanding gases enter the hollow end cap of the gas piston
and force the operating assembly to the rear, providing the
power for the last four steps in the cycle of functioning. The
operating rod now moves rearward, independent of the bolt,
for a short distance. At this point, the locking lever begins to
swing toward the rear, carrying the bolt with it into its
unlocked position, and clears the barrel socket.
Extracting The extractor grips the rim of the cartridge as the bolt and
operating rod pull the case from the chamber.
Ejecting As the case is withdrawn from the chamber, the ejector exerts
a push from the top, and the extractor exerts a pull from the
bottom. The casing falls from the gun as soon as it reaches
the cartridge ejection port. At approximately the same time,
the empty link is forced out of the link ejection port between
the cartridge stops on the feed tray by the next round moving
into the feed tray groove.

Cycle of Operation, Continued
Eight Steps,
continued
Step Action
Cocking This is the process of placing the parts of the gun in
position to fire the next round. During the rearward
independent movement of the operating rod, the firing pin
striker is withdrawn from the face of the bolt. When the
bolt has moved far enough to the rear to pick up the next
round for chambering, cocking is completed.
Feeding When the bolt is to the rear, the outer feed pawls are outside
the first round of ammunition. The inner feed pawls are
between the first and second rounds. As the bolt moves
forward to fire the round in the feed tray groove, the belt
feed pawl moves to the left. It moves up and over the
second round in the belt of ammunition and is now in
position to drag the second round into the feed tray groove.
As the bolt moves to the rear after firing, the belt feed pawl
moves to the right, dragging the second round into the feed
tray groove. Inside the cover the cam roller, the feed arm
with control spring, the feed arm fork, and the pivot arm are
present only so the feed pawls can move back and forth,
dragging rounds into position to be chambered.
Chambering This is the process of stripping a round from the belt and
seating it in the chamber. As the bolt travels forward, the
upper locking lug of the bolt contacts the base of the
cartridge. The bolt strips the round from the belt link. The
chambering ramp angles downward and forces the round
toward the chamber along with the spring tension of the
cartridge guide pawl. The cartridge guide pawl also holds
back the belt link. When the round is fully seated in the
chamber, the extractor snaps over the extractor rim of the
cartridge, and the ejector is depressed.
Locking During chambering, the bolt enters the barrel socket as the
operating rod is driven forward by the drive spring and the
locking lever, which the bolt is riding on, swings forward
pushing the bolt forward and locking it to the barrel socket.
Although the term locking is used here, it should be noted
that in the M240G the bolt and barrel do not physically
interlock. This is why the barrel can be removed even
when the bolt is forward.

Ammunition
Types Ammunition is issued in a disintegrating metallic split linked belt. The

members of machinegun teams must be able to recognize the types of
ammunition and their use. The table below list the ammunition for the
M240G:
Type and Illustration Color of Tip Used for

Ball (M80) Plain (No color) · Marksmanship
training
· Anti-personnel
· Light material
targets
Tracer (M62) Orange
· Observing fire
· Incendiary effect
· Signaling
· Marking targets
Armor-Piercing (M61) Black Lightly armored
targets
Blank (M82) No bullet (metal Simulated firing

case with no
projectile)
Dummy (M63) No color; fluted · Gun drills

cartridge case · Training
(completely inert)

Mount and Accessories
Bipod The bipod mount is part of the receiver group. The bipod yoke fits around the
receiver. The forward grip assembly holds the bipod yoke in position.
To lower the bipod legs, push in on the leg support lock and rotate the legs
down and forward as shown in the diagram below.
Note: The legs will automatically lock in the down position.
M122 Tripod The M122 tripod mount consists of the tripod assembly as shown in the
diagram below. The M122 provides a stable firing base for the M240G.

Mount and Accessories, Continued
Traversing Bar The diagram below shows how the traversing bar connects the two rear legs
and supports the traversing and elevation (T&E) mechanism. The traversing
bar has a mil scale engraved on it to help the gunner adjust the gun. Engraved
on the bar is a scale that measures direction in mils. It is graduated in 5-mil
increments and is numbered every 100 mils.
Traversing and The T&E mechanism shown in the diagram below provides controlled
Elevating manipulation and ability to engage predetermined targets.
(T&E)
Mechanism
Adjusting the T&E
· Traversing Handwheel: Each click of the handwheel indicates a 1 mil

change in direction. The total traverse on the screw is 100 mils.
· Elevating Handwheel: Each click on the handwheel indicates a 1 mil

change in elevation. The total change in elevation is plus or minus
200 mils.

Flex Mount The flex mount joins the gun and T&E to the tripod to enhances the stability
Assembly and dampens the recoil of the weapon as shown in the diagram below.

Mounting the The preferred method is to mount the flex mount assembly first to the tripod
M240G and then mount the machine gun. The table below lists the steps to mount the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Lock the M122 tripod’s legs open.
2 Center the T&E before mounting. Do the following. On the
· Elevating handwheel, turn until approximately two fingers are

visible on upper elevating screw.
· Traversing slide, rotate until approximately two fingers are visible
on lower elevating screw.
· Traversing handwheel, turn until the offset head is centered on the
traversing screw.

Mounting the
M240G,
continued
Step Action
3 Mount the flex mount assembly on the tripod.
· Place the pintle assembly of flex mount assembly into the

sleeve bushing of the tripod.
· Engage the pintle locking lever to hold the pintle assembly in

place.
4 Mount the T&E mechanism.

· Lower the traversing slide over the traversing bar.
· Turn the locking lever to secure the traverse slide in place.
Note: See diagram above.

Mounting the
M240G,
continued
Step Action
5 Attach the gun to the flex mount by
· Aligning the mounting hole
· Inserting the retaining pin, thereby locking the weapon in

place as shown in the diagram below

Lesson 1 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 The role of the M240G is to provide a
a. medium volume of accurate, long-range fire equal to the capability of

individual small arms.
b. heavy volume of accurate, long-range fire beyond the capability of
c. light volume of long-range fire beyond the capability of individual small
arms.
d. heavy volume of accurate, short-range fire equal to the capability of
Item 2 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in meters of the
M240G?
a. 11,000
b. 3,725
c. 1,800
d. 600
Item 3 What are the three principal characteristics of the M240G?
a. Magazine-fed, air-cooled, gas-operated

b. Belt-fed, air-cooled, gas-operated
c. Belt-fed, water-cooled, recoil-operated
d. Magazine-fed, air-cooled, blowback-operated

Item 4 Correctly complete the steps of the cycle of operation of the M240G:
Feeding, chambering, locking, firing,
a. extracting, unlocking, ejecting, and cocking.

b. unlocking, ejecting, extracting, and cocking.
c. extracting, ejecting, unlocking, and cocking.
d. unlocking, extracting, ejecting, and cocking.
Item 5 Ammunition with black painted tips is used for what type of targets?
a. Anti personnel
b. Lightly armored targets
c. Signaling
d. Lightly material targets
Item 6 The traversing bar connects to the
a. traversing and elevating mechanism.

b. front leg.
c. two rear legs.
d. bipod yolk.


1 b 4-4
2 c 4-6
3 b 4-6
4 d 4-7
5 b 4-9
6 c 4-11

LESSON 2
CLEARING AND FIELD STRIPPING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The purpose of this lesson is to teach you how to clear and fieldstrip the
M240G.

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the M240G.
· Identify the steps to fieldstrip the M240G.
In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics
Topic See Page

Introduction 4-19
Clearing 4-20
Field Stripping 4-23

Clearing
Procedure Before you begin disassembling the M240G, you must clear the weapon to be
sure it is safe. The following table lists the steps to clear the M240G.
Step Action
1 Point the weapon down range or in a safe direction.
2 Attempt to move the safety to the F position as shown in the
picture below.
3 Pull the cocking handle to the rear until the bolt locks as shown in
the picture below.

Clearing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 Return the cocking handle forward and move the safety to the S
position as shown in the pictures below.
5 Push in the latches to open the cover assembly as shown in the

picture below.

Clearing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
6 Raise the feed tray and visually inspect the chamber as shown in
the picture below.
7 If the chamber is clear
· Place the safety on the fire position (F).

· Pull the cocking handle to the rear (palm up).
· Ease the bolt forward by pulling the trigger.
Note: Ease the bolt forward to prevent damage to the bolt and
barrel.
8 Close cover assembly.

Field Stripping
Field Stripping After you have cleared the weapon, you can begin to field strip the
machinegun into its five major groups as follows:
· Barrel
· Trigger housing group
· Buttstock
· Receiver group
· Operating group
Removing the The following table lists the steps for removing the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Depress and hold the barrel locking latch as shown in the picture
below.
2 Simultaneously rotate the barrel carrying handle assembly.

3 Remove the barrel by pulling it straight out as shown in the picture
below.

Field Stripping, Continued
Removing the The following table lists the steps to remove the trigger housing group.
Trigger
Housing Group
Step Action
1 Depress the spring pin as shown in the picture below.
2 Remove the spring pin as shown in the picture below.
3 Pull the trigger housing group back and down as shown in the
picture below.

Removing the The following table lists the steps to remove the buttstock.
Buttstock
Step Action
1 Completely depress the buttstock release latch as shown in the
picture below.
2 Lift the buttstock while holding the receiver with your free hand as

Removing The following table lists the steps to remove the drive spring.
Receiver Group
Step Action
1 Push the drive spring up and back as shown in the picture below.
2 Lift the operating rod out of the receiver as shown in the picture
below.

Removing
Receiver Group,
continued
Step Action
3 Depress the cover latches and raise the cover assembly as shown in
the picture below.
4 Pull the cocking handle to the rear as shown in the picture below.
5 Slide the bolt and operating assembly to the rear and remove them as
shown in picture below.

Removing
Receiver Group,
continued
Step Action
6 Close the cover and push the spring pin out with the back of the
buffer and remove it as shown in the picture below.
7 Depress the cover latch and remove the cover assembly and the feed
tray assembly as shown in the picture below.

Gas System Rotate clockwise and remove the collar and the gas regulator assembly from
the gas plug. Slide the gas plug to the rear as shown in the picture below.

Lesson 2 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 What is the first step in clearing the M240G?
a. Raise the cover by pressing the cover latch.

b. Visually inspect the chamber.
c. Raise the feedtray.
d. Point the gun down range or in a safe direction.
Items 2 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step for field stripping
Through 6 from column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in column 2
may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps for Field Stripping
___ 2. a. Remove the receiver group.

___ 3. b. Remove the barrel.
___ 4. c. Remove the buttstock.
___ 5. d. Remove the trigger housing
___ 6. group.
e. Remove the operating group.


1 d 4-20
2 b 4-23
3 d 4-24
4 c 4-25
5 a 4-25
6 e 4-27


LESSON 3
CLEANING, ASSEMBLING, AND INSPECTING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The purpose of this lesson is to teach you the basics in cleaning, maintaining,
assembling, and inspecting the M240G machinegun (M240G).

Objectives
· Identify the function and type of cleaning and lubricating material for the
M240G.
· Identify the maintenance procedures for the M240G.
· Identify the steps for assembling the M240G.
· Identify the steps for inspecting the M240G.
Topic See Page

Introduction 4-33
Cleaning 4-34
Maintaining 4-35
Assembling 4-39
Inspecting 4-44
Spare Barrel Case 4-46

Cleaning
Purpose Proper care and cleaning prevents damage to the weapon and ensures its proper
functioning during firing.
CAUTION: Unauthorized maintenance can damage a weapon, sometimes

beyond repair.
Cleaning The table below lists the types of cleaning and lubricating materials that you
Materials will need to clean the M240G.
Type Function
Cleaner-lubricant- Preferred lubricant to lubricate operating parts
preservative (CLP) before, during, and after firing.
Note: This lubricant is an authorized cleaner.

Rifle bore cleaner Use to clean the bore, chamber and powder-
(RBC) fouled parts.
Notes: This lubricant is an authorized cleaner.
Do not mix lubricants on the same

weapon.
Dry cleaning solvent Cleans carbon from metal parts.
Note: You must lubricate the weapon after

using dry cleaning solvent.
Lubricant, arctic Lubricates under cold weather conditions.
weather (LAW)
Weapon lubricating oil, Lubricates under extremely cold weather
semi-fluid with Teflon conditions.
(LSA-T)

Maintaining
Before Firing The following table lists the maintenance steps to take before firing the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Inspect the weapon for proper cleanliness, mechanical condition
and missing or broken parts.
Remove excess oil from the bore, chamber, barrel socket, and the
2
face of the bolt.
3 Check headspace of the barrel by counting the number of clicks
when rotating the barrel lock.
Note: A minimum of two clicks, but not more then seven, should
be heard.
4 Place a light coat of CLP on the
· Operating rod. Lubricate the recesses along the sides that

make contact with the receiver rails.
· Bolt. Place a very small amount of CLP on the upper and

lower locking lugs, the cam roller, and in the bolt camming
slot.
· Receiver. Pull the bolt to the rear and place a line of CLP on
either side of the bolt. Pull the bolt back and forth to spread
the CLP over the bolt and receiver rails.
During Firing During firing, maintain a light coat of CLP on the operating rod, bolt, and
receiver. While firing, be sure the connections of the gas system remain tight.
Change barrels when necessary.

Maintaining, Continued
Reasons to Change barrels periodically during firing. Use one barrel while the other is
Change Barrels cooling. Changing barrels
· Increases the life of each barrel.

· Ensures a continuous rate of accurate fire.
When to Change the barrel if

Change the
Barrel · You fire the sustained rate of fire for 10 minutes (1,000 rounds in 10
minutes).
· You fire the rapid rate of fire for 2 minutes (400 rounds in 2 minutes).
· The barrel becomes so hot that handling it is difficult.
· You have fired a long burst of continuous fire.
Note: The barrel can be changed with the bolt forward or to the rear.
After Firing The following table lists the maintenance steps to take after firing the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Clean the weapon with CLP, RBC, or dry cleaning solvent.
Clean the weapon for three consecutive days after firing to remove
2
all carbon deposits.
After the cleaning each day, wipe off all cleaning materials and
3
place a light coat of CLP on all metal parts.
Clean nonmetallic portions of the gun with hot water, rags and
4
nonabrasive brush.

General If the weapon is fired daily, repeated detailed disassembly will cause
Maintenance unnecessary wear. You can perform adequate cleaning on a weapon that has
Notes been disassembled into the five main groups.
Clean the M122 tripod and T & E mechanism on the same three consecutive
days cleaning cycle as the machinegun.
CAUTION: Do not use cleaning materials on the rubber parts of the

weapon. Do not submerge the buffer in any cleaning fluid.
Normal Inspect the weapon daily for rust. Maintain a light coat of CLP on all metal
Maintenance parts except
· The gas piston

· Inside of the gas cylinder
· The buffer

Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions for the trouble-free
Environments operation of your M240G. The following table shows the precautions you
must take in these conditions.
Cold climates · Keep the weapon free of excess lubricants,
cleaners, and moisture. All of these can freeze
and cause the weapon to operate sluggishly.
· Use LAW in sustained temperatures of 0o

Fahrenheit or below.
· If you bring the weapon indoors, let it come to

room temperature, wipe it completely dry, and
lubricate with a light coat of CLP.
Hot, humid climates · Inspect more frequently for rust and keep the
weapon as free from moisture as possible.
· Lubricate the weapon properly with CLP.

Generally, a heavier application than normal is
required.
Hot, dry climates · Keep sand and dust from collecting in the working
parts of the weapon.
· Clean the weapon daily with CLP, then wipe dry.

The Teflon coating left by the CLP will be
sufficient for the weapon to operate properly.

Assembling
Sequence The sequence for assembling the M240G is the reverse order of fieldstripping.
· Assemble and replace the operating group

· Replace the receiver group
· Replace the buttstock
· Replace the trigger housing group
· Replace the barrel
Assembling the The following table lists the steps to assemble and insert the operating group.
Operating
Group
Step Action
1 Insert the bolt and operating group into the receiver, aligning the
slots with the rails inside the receiver as shown in the figure
below.
2 Extend the bolt forward and then push the entire bolt and operating
rod assembly inside the receiver.

Assembling the
Operating
Group,
continued
Step Action
3 Insert the drive spring rod into the receiver.
4 Press in and down until the spring rod is seated against the
retaining studs inside the receiver as shown in the figure below.
Replacing the The following table lists the steps to replace the buttstock.
Buttstock
Step Action
1 Depress the buttstock release latch.
2 Align the recessed grooves at the front of the buttstock with the
vertical rails at the rear of the receiver and slide down until it locks
in place as shown in the figure below.

Replacing the The following table lists the steps to replace the trigger housing group.
Trigger
Housing Group
Step Action
1 Insert the holding notch on the front of the trigger housing into the
recess on the bottom of the receiver.
2 Insert the trigger housing group in and up as shown in the figure

below.
3 Replace the spring pin.

Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Insert the gas plug into the gas regulator.
2 Place and rotate the collar over the forward end of the plug and
lock in place.
3 Depress and hold the barrel locking latch.

4 Insert the barrel with the handle in the upright position as shown in
the figure below.
5 Rotate the barrel to the right until is locks.
Note: There must be a minimum of two clicks, but mot more then
seven.

Replace Feed The following table lists the steps to replace the feed tray and cover assembly.
Tray and Cover
Step Action
1 Align the feed tray guides with receiver brackets.
2 Place the cover over mounting bracket on receiver and push down into
closed position as shown in the picture below.

Inspecting
Guidelines General guidelines for inspecting the M240G are to
· Always check for cleanliness

· Look for broken, missing, or burred parts
· Test springs for serviceability
· Perform a function check to determine if the weapon is functioning
properly
· Inspect the M240G in an orderly sequence to be sure that no part is
overlooked and time isn't wasted
Sequence The following table lists the suggested sequence for inspecting the M240G.
Step Action
1 Inspect the cover:
· Pull the feed cam back and forth to be sure that the belt feed
pawl moves properly.
· Carefully check parts and components for serviceability and
proper function.
2 Inspect the safety and proper assembly by performing a function
check as described in the table below.
Step Action
1 Put the safety on F.
2 Pull and ensure the bolt locks to the rear.
3 Return the safety to S and attempt to fire.
4 Put the safety on F and pull the trigger riding bolt
home.
Note: If the bolt did not remain to the rear, the sear shoulder or
sear notch is worn.
3 Inspect the forward portion of the receiver rails and the face of the
bolt.
4 Inspect the barrel socket, chamber, and bore for cracks.
5 Inspect the bipod assembly by lowering and raising the legs.
6 Inspect the sights.

Inspecting, Continued
Sequence,
continued
Step Action
7 Inspect the mount. Be sure the
· Pintle is attached properly

· Tripod is fully extended
· T&E mechanism is positioned correctly so the scales on the
T&E can be read without difficulty
8 Grasp the stock and gently pull the weapon back and forth to test
for inordinate play in the M122 tripod.
9 Determine if the slide lock lever firmly holds the T&E to the
traversing bar.
10 Examine the spare barrel.

Spare Barrel Case
Components The spare barrel case should contain each of the following as shown in the
figure below.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Study Time

Item 1 Which is an authorized cleaner for the M240G after live fire exercise?
a. Dry cleaning solvent

b. CLP
c. LSA-T
d. LAW
Item 2 The barrel of the M240G should be changed if you fire the sustained rate of
fire for
a. 40 minutes (4,000 rounds).

b. 30 minutes (3,000 rounds).
c. 20 minutes (2,000 rounds).
d. 10 minutes (1,000 rounds).

Items 3 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step for assembling
Through 7 from column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in column 2
may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps for Assembling
___ 3. a. Replace the receiver group.

___ 4. b. Replace the barrel.
___ 5. c. Replace the buttstock.
___ 6. d. Replace the trigger housing
___ 7. group.
e. Assemble and replace the
operating group.
Item 8 What is a guideline for inspecting M240G?
a. Springs should be serviceable.

b. Bolt should be to the rear.
c. Safety should be on F.
d. T&E mechanism should be turned clockwise until fully seated.


1 b 4-34
2 d 4-36
3 e 4-39
4 a 4-39
5 c 4-40
6 d 4-41
7 b 4-42
8 a 4-44


LESSON 4
USING THE M240G MACHINEGUN
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you about the employment of the M240G machinegun
(M240G). It will cover the basics of sighting, firing, malfunctions, stoppages,
and immediate action for the M240G.

Objectives
· Identify the major components for correct sight alignment of the M240G.
· Identify the steps used to load the M240G.
· Identify the steps used to clear the M240G.
· Identify the steps to field zero the M240G.
· Identify the steps to change barrels for the M240G.
· Match stoppages and malfunctions to their usual causes.
· Identify the steps to conduct immediate action (IA).

Topic See Page

Introduction 4-51
Sighting 4-53
Loading 4-55
Clearing/Unloading 4-57
Field Zeroing 4-58
Changing Barrels 4-59
Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action 4-60
Remedial Action 4-62

Sighting
Components Sighting the M240G machinegun consists of
· Adjusting the sights

· Obtaining proper sight alignment
· Obtaining proper sight picture
Front Sight The front sight on the barrel is adjustable for elevation and windage and can
be individually zeroed to the machine gun with the combination front sight
adjusting tool.
· Adjusting elevation. Rotating the front sight post counterclockwise

brings the point of impact down on the target.
· Adjusting windage. Moving the front sight post to the right moves the
strike of the round to the left on the target.
Rear Sight The rear sight consists of a peep sight aperture on an adjustable leaf slide.
The rear sight can be used horizontally or vertically depending on range.
· The horizontal position is used to ranges of up to 800 meters.

· The vertical position is used to engage targets from 800 meter to 1,800
meters.
Note: The range plate is marked at 100 meter intervals from 200 meters to
1,800 meters.

Sighting, Continued
Sight The sights are aligned when the front and the rear sights are in a line, one in
Alignment front of the other. To correctly align the sights of the M240G, center the top
of the front sight blade in the aperture of the rear sight as shown in the figure
below.
Sight Picture While maintaining proper sight alignment, align the top edge of the front
sight with the center base of the target to get proper sight picture. This
correct sight picture is commonly referred to as center mass.

Loading
With a Raised You can load the M240G with the cover raised or closed. The following table
Cover lists the steps to load the M240G with a raised cover.
Step Action
1 Be sure the bolt is forward and the safety is on F.
2 Open the ammunition box by tearing off the tab marked with the
silhouette of a round.
3 Attach the bandoleer to the bandoleer hanger by slipping the loop
on the end of the bandoleer over the hanger.
4 Locate the end of the ammunition belt and pull out the first few
rounds.
Note: Be sure the rounds are coming out of the box with the tips
pointed towards the muzzle and the solid part of the links
facing up.
5 Place the first round in the feed tray groove. Be sure the retainer
pawls have engaged the belt firmly between two rounds.
6 Close the cover and be sure it firmly latches without having to beat
on it or force it closed. The gun is now fully loaded.

Loading, Continued
With a Closed The following table lists the steps to load the M240G with a closed cover.
Cover
Step Action
1 Be sure the bolt is forward and the safety is on F.
2 Open the ammunition box by tearing off the tab marked with the
silhouette of a round.
3 Attach the bandoleer to the bandoleer hanger by slipping the loop
on the end of the bandoleer over the hanger.
4 Locate the end of the ammunition belt and pull out the first few
rounds.
Note: Be sure the rounds are coming out of the box with the tips
pointed towards the muzzle and the solid part of the facing
up.
5 Force the first round into the feedway until you hear a distinct
click.
6 Pull the cocking handle to the rear and return the handle forward.
The gun is now fully loaded.
Note: If the weapon will not be fired immediately, place the

weapon of safe (S).

Clearing/Unloading
Procedure The following table lists the steps to clear the M240G.
Step Action
1 Pull the bolt to the rear and place the safety on S.
2 Press the cover latches and raise the cover.
3 Clear the feed tray of ammunition and links.
4 Lift the feed tray and visually inspect the chamber to be sure the
gun is clear.
WARNING: If you suspect there is a round in a hot chamber, do not raise

the cover. If the round cooks off with the cover raised, metal
fragments can injure you.

Field Zeroing
Procedure You can zero the M240G by the 12.7-meter or the field method. The
preferred method is field zeroing. The 12.7-meter method is used to prepare
crews for qualification fire. The following table lists the steps to field zero
the M240G.
Step Action
1 Select a clearly definable target at a known range between 300 to
700 meters. Set the rear sight slide to the correct range setting.
2 With the T&E mechanism centered, lay the gun on the target and
obtain a good sight picture.
3 Fire a three-round burst and freeze.
4 Calculate the mean center of impact.
If… Then…
The center of impact is on target Battlesight zero (BZO) is
complete.
The center of impact is not on Adjust the front sight post.
target
Adjusting the front sight
At 200 meters…
Moving the front sight up or Moves the point of impact up
down half a turn or down approximately 4 1/4
inches
Moving the front sight left or Moves the point of impact left
right half a turn or right approximately 3 1/8
inches
5 Fire another three-round burst to confirm zero.
Note If the mean point of impact is centered on the target,

zeroing is complete. If not repeat steps 2-4.
Note: To find out how to use the 12.7-meter zeroing method, refer to MCWP
3-15.1, Machineguns and Machinegun Gunnery, pages 3-60 to 3-62.

Changing Barrels
Mounted on a Changing the barrel takes only a few seconds and the weapon does not have
Tripod to be cleared to perform the actions listed in the table below.
Note: Refer to study unit 4, lesson 3 to review when to change the barrel.
Step Action
1 Stop firing.
2 Place the weapon on safe (S).
Note: If bolt is forward, the weapon will not go on safe.

3 Be sure the gun is locked in position by the T&E mechanism.
Note: If the gun is mounted on bipod, lock buttstock into your

right shoulder.
4 Reach forward and release the barrel lock.
5 Put on a heat protective glove.
6 Remove the hot barrel, setting its rear on the spare barrel case or
on some other object to keep it out of the dirt.
7 Grasp spare barrel by changing handle.
8 Insert the barrel into barrel socket on receiver.
9 Lock the barrel into the receiver with the barrel lock and continue
the mission.

Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action
Malfunctions A malfunction is any failure of the gun to function satisfactorily. The two
most common malfunctions of the M240G are
· Sluggish operation
· Runaway gun
Note: Defective ammunition or improper operation of the gun by a crew

member is not considered a malfunction.
Sluggish Sluggish operation is a malfunction caused by

Operation
· Excessive friction. Friction is caused by lack of lubrication or
excessive dirt or carbon in the gas system or on the bolt and receiver
rails.
· The loss of gas in the gas system. The loss of gas is caused by loose
connections in the gas system or a missing gas port plug.
To reduce sluggish operation, move the regulator setting to number 2 or 3

position. To correct sluggish operation, clean, lubricate, tighten, or replace
parts as required.
Runaway Gun Runaway gun is a malfunction that occurs when the gun continues to fire after
you release the trigger. A runaway gun is usually caused by a worn, broken,
or burred sear.
To stop a runaway gun
· Twist and break the belt of ammunition

· Expend all remaining rounds
The remedy for a runaway gun is to replace worn parts.

Malfunctions, Stoppages, and Immediate Action, Continued
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of functioning caused by the faulty
action of the gun or defective ammunition. Some common examples are
· Failure to feed
· Failure to fire
Note: Stoppages must be cleared quickly and firing must be resumed.
Immediate To maintain a continuous rate of fire, you must quickly and efficiently clear
Action any stoppages that occur. The table below lists the steps to perform
immediate action.
Step Action
1 Wait 5 Seconds for a possible hangfire.
2 Within the next five seconds, pull the bolt to the rear and see if
ejecting takes place.
If… Then…
Brass is ejected Attempt to fire.
Brass is not ejected Place the weapon on safe (S) and
continue with step 3.
Note: If you cannot pull the bolt to the rear, assume that a live
round is in the chamber. Place the safety on S. Wait
until the barrel reaches air temperature (Cold barrel).
Raise the cover, unload, and clear the gun.
3 If the barrel is cold (fired less than 150 rounds during the last 2
minutes) clear the machinegun, reload and attempt to fire.
4 If barrel is hot (fired 150 rounds or more during the last 2 minutes)
wait 15 minutes and clear the machinegun.

Remedial Action
Definition When immediate action fails to reduce the stoppage, conduct an investigation
into the cause of the problem.
Common Two common causes of a stoppage that requires remedial action are
Causes of
Stoppages · Stuck cartridge
· Ruptured cartridge
Stuck A stuck cartridge can result from the swelling of a cartridge that keeps the
Cartridge extractor from extracting the round from the chamber. The table below lists
the steps to clear a stuck cartridge:
Step Action
1 Lock bolt to the rear.
2 Place the weapon on safe (S).
3 Allow the barrel to cool for 15 minutes.
4 Connect a cleaning rod and insert it into the muzzle end.
5 Push the round out through chamber end.

Remedial Action, Continued
Ruptured The extractor sometimes tears the base of the cartridge off as the bolt moves
Cartridge Case to the rear, leaving the cartridge wedged inside the chamber. The table below
list the steps to clear this stoppage.
Step Action
1 Remove the barrel from the receiver.
2 Insert the extractor into the chamber where it can grip the cartridge.
3 Pull the extractor and remove the remains of the cartridge.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Study Time

Item 1 What does the figure below represent?
a. Correct sight Alignment

b. Correct sight Picture
c. Correct aiming
d. Correct sight Aperture
Item 2 While loading the M240G with the cover raised, where do you place the first
round?
a. In the chamber
b. In the feed tray groove
c. Directly over the belt-holding pawl
d. Just to the left of the belt-feeding pawl
Item 3 To clear the M240G, you must pull the bolt to the rear, place the weapon on
safe, raise the cover, clear the feed tray, and
a. twist and bread the belt of ammunition.

b. visually inspect the chamber.
c. wait until the barrel cools to air temperature.
d. expend all remaining rounds down range.

Item 4 What is the proper setting for the T&E mechanism when field zeroing?
a. Slid to the far left of the traversing bar

b. As close to being centered as possible
c. Slid to the far right of the traversing bar
d. Right 200
Item 5 The T&E mechanism needs to be ________ when changing M20G barrels.
a. locked
b. centered
c. level
d. open
Item 6 The most common malfunctions of the M240G are
a. excessive friction and loss of gas in the gas system.

b. defective ammunition and improper operation.
c. failure to feed and defective belt.
d. sluggish operation and runaway gun.
Item 7 You are a machinegun team leader. While firing on the range, your gun has a
stoppage. What is the first thing that your gunner should do?
a. Wait five seconds for a hangfire.

b. Observe the ejection port while pulling the bolt to the rear.
c. Wait until the barrel cools to air temperature.
d. Perform subsequent action.
e. Lubricate the weapon and inspect all parts.


1 a 4-54
2 b 4-55
3 b 4-57
4 b 4-58
5 a 4-59
6 d 4-60
7 a 4-61

STUDY UNIT 5
M2HB .50-CALIBER MACHINEGUN
Overview

Study Time
Unit Scope This study unit is designed to give you the characteristics, operation,
maintenance, immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing
procedures for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics and capabilities of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
· Identify how to maintain the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps to employing the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify how to troubleshoot malfunctions and stoppages for the M2HB

.50-caliber machinegun.

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 2 Clearing, Disassembling, Cleaning, and Inspecting 5-19
Lesson 3 Assembling and Conducting the Function Check 5-35
Lesson 4 Sighting, Firing, and Conducting Immediate 5-51
Action


LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the basic characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun and the ammunition it uses.

Objectives
· Identify the capabilities of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Describe the principal characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun.
· Identify the different types of mounts and accessories for the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun based on color and use.
· Identify the steps in the cycle of operation for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.

Topic See Page

Introduction 5-3
Ammunition 5-13

Role The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun supports the infantryman in both the
offense and the defense by providing a heavy volume of accurate, long-range
fire.
Five The five capabilities of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are to

Capabilities
· Support the infantryman in the offense and the defense
· Provide
· A heavy volume of close, accurate, and continuous fire when in an

attack
· Long range, close defensive, and final protective fires as part of a

unit’s defensive lines
· Reconnaissance by fire on suspected enemy positions
· Protect motorized movements
· Defend against low-flying, hostile aircraft
· Destroy lightly armored vehicles

M2HB .50- The operator must understand the characteristics of the .50-caliber
caliber machinegun to have success on the battlefield The picture below shows the
Machinegun Browning M2HB .50-caliber machinegun on an M3 tripod mount.

Major The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun can be broken down into eight major
Components components pictured below.

Weight The following table lists the weight of the major parts of the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.
Component Part Weight (in pounds)

Receiver group 60
Barrel Approximately 24
M3 tripod mount 44
Total weight Approximately 128
Length The following table lists the length of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Item Length (in inches)

Length of barrel 45
Length of gun, overall Approximately 65
Range The following table lists the range of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.

Maximum 6,767
Maximum Effective 1,830
Grazing fire 700

Rates of Fire The following table lists the rates of fire of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Type of Fire Rate (rounds per minute)

Sustained Less the 40
Rapid More than 40
Cyclic 400-550
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is 3,050 feet per
second.
Descriptive The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is

Characteristics
· Belt-fed. By repositioning some of its component parts, the gun is
capable of alternate feed (ammunition can be fed from either the right or
left sides). The infantry generally uses left side feed. A disintegrating
metallic link belt is used for feeding.
· Air-cooled. The maximum surface of the barrel and receiver is exposed

to permit air-cooling. Perforations in the barrel support allow air to
circulate around the breech end of the barrel and help in cooling the parts.
The heavy barrel is used to delay early overheating.
· Recoil-operated. The expanding powder gases (which various springs,

cams, and levers control) provide the force for recoil operation.

Mounts and Accessories
Purpose You must mount the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun to fire. Along with the
mount, you need to install a traversing and elevating mechanism to permit a
high degree of accuracy and control.
M3 Tripod The M3 tripod mount is the principal ground mount for the M2HB .50-
Mount caliber machinegun shown in the picture below.
The tripod has three folding, telescopic legs that can be stomped into the
ground for greater stability. The gun is connected to the tripod by a pintle
that is semi-permanently attached to the gun. The pintle seats into the tripod
head and is locked in place.
A traversing bar between the two trail legs serves as a support for the
traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism. The T&E mechanism attaches
to the rear of the gun and is locked onto the traversing bar.

Mounts and Accessories, Continued
Pintle Vehicle The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun can be mounted on two different mounts:
Mount
· High mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) weapons station
· M66 ring mount
Each of these mounts has a pintle adapter that accepts the pintle shown below.
HMMWV The HMMWV weapons station has a ring mount that, used with the MK64
Weapons cradle mount, will accept the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, as pictured
Station below.

M66 Ring The M66 ring mount is installed on trucks and other combat vehicles. A
Mount truck mounted version is shown below.
T&E Used on both ground and vehicle mounts, the T&E mechanism for the M2HB
Mechanism .50-caliber machinegun
· Secures the rear of the machinegun to its mount.
· Permits fire control adjustment.
· Allows the machinegun to traverse 400 mils to the left or right of the 0
index on the traversing bar on the M3 tripod mount.
· Allows the elevation of the machinegun to range from 100 mils in

elevation to 250 mils in depression.
Note: For more information on the T&E mechanism, see study unit 7.
AN/TVS-5 Night The AN/TVS-5 night vision sight, used for passive night observation and
Vision Sight fire, can be mounted on the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun. Portable and
battery operated, the AN/TVS-5 night vision sight amplifies natural light
such as moonlight, starlight, and skyglow without emitting visible or
infrared light that the enemy can detect.

Ammunition
Ammunition The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun cartridge consists of a cartridge case,

Types primer, propelling charge, and bullet. The table below describes the types of
ammunition, each identifiable by the color of the tip.
Type Color of tip Used for

Ball No color · Marksmanship training
(M2, M33) · Anti-personnel
· Light material targets
Tracer Red, maroon, or orange · Aiding in observing fire
(M1, M10, M17) · Incendiary effect
· Signaling
Armor-piercing Black · Armored aircraft
(M2) · Lightly armored
vehicles
· Concrete shelters
· Other bullet-resisting
targets
Incendiary Blue or light blue Incendiary effect,
(M1, M23) especially against aircraft
Armor-piercing Aluminum-colored Combined armor-piercing
incendiary and incendiary effect
(M8)
Armor-piercing Aluminum with red tip · Combined armor-
incendiary tracer piercing and incendiary
(M20) effect
· Additional tracer
features
Blank No bullet Simulated firing
(M1, M1A1)
Dummy No color on tip; holes in Instructional purposes
(M2) cartridge case (completely inert)
Sabot light armor Plastic sleeve on projectile Armor piercing
penetrator (SLAP)
M903

Cycle of Operation
Eight Steps The cycle of operation of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun consists of the
following eight steps:
Step Action
1 Firing. The firing pin is released, igniting the primer of the
cartridge.
2 Unlocking. The bolt is unlocked from the barrel and barrel

extension.
3 Extracting. The empty cartridge case is pulled from the

chamber.

Cycle of Operation, Continued
Eight Steps,
continued
Step Action
4 Ejecting. The empty cartridge case is expelled from the receiver.
5 Cocking. The firing pin is withdrawn into the cocked position.
6 Feeding. During feeding, the cartridge is placed in the receiver.
7 Chambering. During chambering, the cartridge is placed into

the chamber of the weapon.
8 Locking. The bolt is locked to the barrel and barrel extension.

Lesson 1 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 Which one of the following is a capability of the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun?
a. Destroys heavily armored vehicles

b. Defends against aircraft at high altitudes
c. Protects motorized movements
d. Supports the infantryman only in the attack
Item 2 What are the three descriptive characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Belt-fed, air-cooled, gas operated

b. Belt-fed, water-cooled, recoil-operated
c. Magazine-fed, air-cooled, blowback-operated
d. Belt-fed, air-cooled, recoil-operated

Items 3 Matching: In the spaces provided, place the letter of the function from
Through 5 column 2 that corresponds to the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun mount in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be only used once.
Column 1 Column 2
Mount Function
___ 3. M66 ring mount a. Is the principal ground mount

___ 4. Vehicle mount b. Is installed on trucks and other
___ 5. M3 tripod combat vehicles
c. Uses a pintle adaptor that accepts
the gun's pintle
d. Secures the rear of the M2HB
.50-caliber machine to its mounts
Items 6 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the color of the tip from
Through 10 column 2 that best describes the type of M2HB .50-caliber ammunition in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Type of Ammunition Color of Tip
___ 6. Ball a. Black

___ 7. Armor-piercing b. Red, maroon, or orange
___ 8. Incendiary c. No color
___ 9. Armor-piercing incendiary d. Blue or light blue ring with blue
tracer tip
___ 10. Tracer e. Aluminum ring with red tip
Item 11 What step in the cycle of operation places the cartridge into the chamber of
the weapon?
a. Locking
b. Feeding
c. Chambering
d. Ejecting


1 c 5-5
2 d 5-9
3 b 5-12
4 c 5-11
5 a 5-10
6 c 5-13
7 a 5-13
8 d 5-13
9 e 5-13
10 b 5-13
11 c 5-15

LESSON 2
CLEARING, DISASSEMBLING, CLEANING, AND INSPECTING
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to clear, disassemble, clean, and inspect the M2HB

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps to disassemble the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the maintenance schedule for the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun.
· Identify the cleaners and lubricants by function for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
· Identify the steps to clean the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps for inspecting the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.

Topic See Page

Introduction 5-19
Clearing 5-21
Disassembling 5-22
Cleaning 5-29
Inspecting 5-31

Clearing
Procedures Before you begin disassembly of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, you
must clear it to make sure it is completely safe. The steps to clear the weapon
are listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Place the gun in the single shot mode by rotating the buffer tube
sleeve to the right and releasing the bolt latch to the up position as
2 Raise the feed cover by rotating the cover latch forward and
lifting straight up as shown in the picture below.
3 Remove ammunition if present.

4 Close the feed cover assembly.
5 Grasp the slide handle and lock the bolt to the rear.
6 Open the feed cover assembly.
7 Inspect the T slot on the face of the bolt and chamber.
8 Press the bolt latch release and ride the bolt forward.
9 Close the feed cover assembly.
Note: Never close the cover with the bolt to the rear.

Disassembling
Procedures After you clear the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, you may begin
disassembly into the six main groups for cleaning and inspection.
Disassembly consists of the following sequential steps:
Step Action...removing the

1 Barrel group
2 Backplate
3 Drive spring rod assembly
4 Bolt group
5 Barrel extension
6 Barrel buffer body
7 Barrel buffer assembly
Components The picture below shows the components of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.

Barrel Group Disassembling the barrel group consists of the steps listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Turn the cover latch and raise the cover group as shown below.
2 Pull the retracting handle back until the lug on the barrel locking
spring aligns with the 3/8-inch hole on the right side of the
receiver.
3 Turn the barrel clockwise until it disengages.
4 Set the barrel aside, being careful not to damage the threaded end.

Backplate To remove the backplate, follow the steps listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Pull out on the backplate latch lock and up on the backplate latch
as shown in the picture below. Note the placement of the hands in
the picture.
2 Lift the entire backplate straight up.

3 Set the backplate aside with the handles down.

Drive Spring The drive spring on the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is located on the right
Rod Assembly side of the receiver as shown in the picture below.
The table below lists the steps to remove the drive spring.
Removing the
Drive Spring
Step Action
1 Push in on the head of the drive spring and then slightly to the left to
unseat it from the right side plate.
WARNING: Never attempt to cock the gun while the backplate is

off and the drive spring is in place. The drive spring
can seriously injure you if it is compressed and slips
from its seat in the sideplate.
2 Pull the drive spring to the rear and out of the receiver.

Bolt Group Remove the bolt group from the receiver by following the steps listed in the
table below.
Step Action
1 Grasp the retracting slide handle and give it a quick jerk, freeing
the bolt from the barrel extension.
2 Align the collar of the bolt stud with the clearance hole in the bolt
slot on the right sideplate and remove the bolt stud as shown
below.
3 Slide the bolt to the rear and out of receiver as shown below.
4 Place the bolt down on its right side (with the extractor arm up) so
that the extractor will not fall from the bolt.

Barrel The following table lists the steps to remove the barrel buffer body group and
Extension and the barrel extension group from the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Buffer Body
Group
Step Action
1 Insert a combination tool (or pointed instrument) through the
hole in the lower rear corner of the right sideplate.
2 Push in on the barrel buffer body lock. At the same time, place
one hand on the receiver and push the barrel extension and barrel
buffer body groups to the rear as shown in the picture below.
3 Remove both groups from the receiver.

4 Separate the two groups by pushing forward on the tips of the
accelerator as shown below.

Barrel Buffer The last step to disassembly is to pull the barrel buffer assembly from the rear
Assembly of the barrel buffer body group as shown below:

Cleaning
Maintenance Care, cleaning, and maintenance determine whether or not your machinegun
Schedule will function properly when you need it. You should maintain your M2HB
.50-caliber machinegun on a regular basis. As a general rule, you should
clean your gun
· After firing
· At least daily when under combat/field conditions
· Several times per day when under extreme climatic conditions
· For three consecutive days upon returning from the field
· Every five days when the gun is in storage
Cleaners and The following table lists several types and functions of cleaners and lubricants
Lubricants that you may use to clean the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Type Function
Cleaner-lubricant- Cleans, lubricates, and preserves.
preservative (CLP)
Note: This is the preferred material for cleaning the
Rifle bore cleaner Cleans powder residue, carbon, and dirt.
(RBC)
Note: You must lubricate the gun after using RBC.
PL special Lubricates and preserves.
(lubricating oil,
general purpose) Note: The thin oil may be used as a temporary measure
to lubricate entire weapon if you do not have
CLP.
Lubricant, semi- Used on friction-producing parts and on the exterior of
fluid, automatic the weapon.
weapons (LSA)
Note: This thicker oil lasts longer than CLP and will
not burn off by firing or wash away with rain.
Lubricant, arctic Used for extremely cold weather (below 0o Fahrenheit).
weather (LAW)
Hot, soapy water Used on the barrel when RBC or CLP are not available.
Note: Dry barrel and apply a thin coat of PL special

after using hot, soapy water.

Cleaning, Continued
Procedure After you disassemble the gun into its major components, you can begin to
clean the different parts.
The following table lists the steps to properly clean the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Step Action
1 Inspect all parts for cracks, burrs, wear, or rust.
2 Clean the bore and chamber with RBC and lightly oil with PL
special. Or, use CLP to clean and lubricate.
3 Clean all metal parts thoroughly and apply a light coat of CLP.
Notes: Do not apply CLP to the metal parts that may contact the
ammunition.
Do not use cleaning agents or CLP on plastic or wooden

parts.
4 Reassemble the weapon. Be sure the exterior is lightly oiled.
5 Clean and lubricate the mount and accessories.

Inspecting
Procedure When you conduct an inspection, the machinegun should be completely

assembled and mounted with headspace and timing properly set. The
following table lists the steps to inspect the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Step Action
1 Inspect the bore and chamber for rust. Be sure they are clean and
lightly lubricated.
2 Operate the retracting slide handle and the bolt latch release
several times to see if the parts function without excessive
friction. Be sure that moving parts are lightly lubricated.
3 Check headspace and timing with gauges.
4 Be sure the rear sight is in good condition, clean, and lightly
lubricated. Set the elevation to 1000 and windage to zero.
5 Inspect the mount to be sure it is clean, lightly lubricated, and all
clamps are securely tightened.
6 Inspect spare parts and tools to be sure they are clean.

Lesson 2 Exercise
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 though 6 by performing the actions required. Check your
Item 1 What is the last step you must accomplish to clear the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Close the feed cover and pull the bolt to the rear.
b. Close the feed cover assembly.
c. Place the machinegun in the single shot mode.
d. Pull the retracting slide handle to the rear.
Item 2 After removing the barrel from the receiver of the M2HB 50-caliber
machinegun, the next procedure for disassembling is to remove the
a. backplate.
b. T-block.
c. bolt.
d. drive spring.
Item 3 While deployed in a desert environment with constant high winds and sand
storms, the maintenance schedule that must be followed to keep the units
M2HB .50-caliber machinegun in proper working order is to clean it
a. after firing.
b. several times per day.
c. at least daily.
d. for three consecutive days.

Item 4 What is the preferred cleaner/lubricant for use on your M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. RBC
b. CLP
c. PL special
d. Hot soapy water
Item 5 Four of the five steps to clean the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are listed
below:
1. Disassemble the machinegun into its main groups. Inspect all parts for
cracks, burrs, wear, or rust.
2. Clean the bore and chamber with RBC, then lightly oil with PL special; or
use CLP.
3. Clean all metal parts thoroughly and apply a light coat of CLP.
4. Reassemble the weapon, and ensure that the exterior is lightly oiled.
Which step is missing for cleaning the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Remove the backplate.

b. Remove the T block.
c. Use CLP to clean all metal parts that may contact ammunition.
d. Clean and lubricate the mount and accessories.
Item 6 What is the first step in inspecting the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Check headspace and timing with gauge.

b. Inspect spare parts and tools to be sure the are clean.
c. Inspect the bore and chamber for rust and be sure they are lightly
lubricated.
d. Inspect the mount to be sure it is clean, lightly lubricated, and that all
clamps are securely tightened.


1 b 5-21
2 a 5-22
3 b 5-29
4 b 5-29
5 d 5-30
6 c 5-31

LESSON 3
ASSEMBLING AND CONDUCTING THE FUNCTION CHECK
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to assemble and perform a function check on the
M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Learning After completing this lesson you should be able to

Objectives
· Identify the steps to assemble the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun.
Topic See Page

Introduction 5-35
Assembling 5-36

Assembling
Procedure To assemble the .50-caliber machinegun, replace the groups in the reverse
order of disassembly. Assembly is accomplished by completing the
procedures below.
· Connect the barrel buffer group

· Install the barrel buffer and extension groups
· Install the bolt stud
· Replace the drive spring
· Replace the backplate
· Replace the barrel
Connecting the The following table lists the steps to connect the barrel buffer assembly and
Barrel Buffer the barrel buffer body.
Group
Step Action
1 Turn the barrel buffer tube until the screwdriver slot in the rear of
the tube is vertical and the arrow points to right, as shown below:
2 Push the barrel buffer assembly fully forward, as shown below:

Install the The following table lists the steps to join the barrel buffer and the barrel
Barrel Buffer extension groups.
and Extension
Groups
Step Action
1 Hold the barrel buffer group in your right hand with your index
finger supporting the accelerator.
2 Join the notch on the shank of the barrel extension group with the
cross-groove in the piston rod of the barrel buffer assembly. At
the same time, align the breech lock depressors with the
guideways in the sides of the barrel extension, as shown below.
3 Push the groups together.
Note: The accelerator should rotate rearward.

4 Place the groups in the receiver and push them forward until the
barrel buffer body spring lock snaps into position.
Note: The barrel buffer tube should protrude about 1 1/8 inches
from the rear of the barrel buffer body group.

Install Bolt The following table lists the steps to install the bolt stud and lock the barrel
Stud buffer, barrel extension group, and the bolt into receiver.
Step Action
1 Look at the bolt to be sure the extractor assembly is down and the
cocking lever is inclined to the front.
2 Align the rails on the bolt with the grooves on the barrel extension
and slide bolt about halfway onto the barrel extension.
3 Insert the barrel buffer, barrel extension, and bolt into the back of
the receiver as shown below.
Note: You should hear two clicks

· One for the body lock snapping in
· Another for the bolt latch connecting with the top of the
receiver.
4 Press up on the bolt latch and push the bolt forward until the hole
is aligned with the clearance hole on the right side of the receiver.
5 Replace the bolt stud and push the bolt as far forward as you can,
as shown below.

Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the drive spring.
Drive Spring
Step Action
1 Insert the spring into its hole in the rear of the bolt and push it all
the way in.
2 Press in and to the right until the retaining pin slips into the hole
on the right sideplate.
Note: The spring will be slightly compressed.

3 If the buffer does not go all the way into the receiver with the bolt,
take the barrel buffer, barrel extension, and bolt out of the receiver
and repeat the above steps.
Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the backplate.
Backplate
Step Action
1 Pull the backplate latch lock out and slide the backplate onto the
back of the receiver.
2 Continue to hold the backplate latch lock out and lightly tap the
backplate down with your hand until it is all the way down as
3 Release the latch.

Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Pull back the retracting slide handle until the lug on the barrel
locking spring is visible through the 3/8-inch hole in the right
sideplate.
2 Place the smallest loop of a .50-caliber link between the trunnion
block and the barrel extension.
Note: If a link isn’t available, you can hold this alignment by

hand.
3 Place the barrel into the front of the receiver and carefully start the
threads.
4 Screw the barrel all the way in, then back it off two clicks.
5 Close the cover and remove the link if you used one.
Summary Assembling the components of the M2HB 50 caliber machinegun is just the
first step of operator maintenance. The next step is to ensure that the weapon
is properly assembled.

Schedule A function check of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun ensures that the
weapon is correctly assembled and should also be preformed before firing to
ensure the weapon is in working order.
Important: You must set headspace and adjusting timing before conducting
a function check.
Headspace Headspace is the distance between the face of the bolt and the chamber when
Definition a round is fully seated in the chamber.
Setting Setting proper headspace is critical to operation of the M2HB .50-caliber

Headspace machinegun. The correct headspace allows room for the rim of the round
when chambered. The following table describes the results of incorrect
headspace.
If the headspace is set too… Then…

Tight Firing will be sluggish and slow.
Loose Cartridge cases may bulge or even
explode in the receiver.

Headspace To set headspace on the M2HB 50 caliber machinegun the operator needs the
Gauge gauges shown below.

Setting Follow the steps in the table below to set headspace.

Headspace
Step Action
1 Ensure the gun cleared and the bolt is forward.
2 Pull back on the retracting slide handle until the locking spring lug
aligns with the 3/8-inch hole on the right sideplate as shown in the
picture below. Back barrel off two clicks from tight.
3 Grasp the retracting slide handle and pull the bolt to the rear, thus
cocking the weapon.
4 Pull the bolt back 1/16-inch and raise the extractor arm up.
5 Insert the GO end of the headspace gauge between the face of the
bolt and the chamber as shown below.

Setting
Headspace,
continued
Step Action
6 If the GO end
· Fits, go to step 7.
· Does not fit, go to step 8.
7 Turn the gauge over and try to insert the NO GO end. If the NO
GO end
· Does not fit, headspace is correct. You have completed setting

headspace.
· Fits, go to step 9.
8 Unscrew the barrel one click and repeat step 5.
9 Screw the barrel in one click and try to insert the GO end of the
headspace gauge. Repeat step 6.

Timing Timing is achieved by adjusting the machinegun so that the moving parts do
the right thing at the right time during the cycle of operation. Firing actually
takes place just before the bolt is all the way forward. The machinegun must
be adjusted to be sure this happens. Timing must be checked and adjusted
each time headspace is set or when timing is questionable
Timing Gauges The picture below shows the placement of the timing gauges between the bolt
and barrel assembly. In this case, the fire gauge has been inserted.
Preparing the The operator must ensure the following items from the table below are
Machinegun completed before adjusting timing.
Note: Timing must be checked every time headspace is completed.
Step Action
1 Cock the machinegun
2 Ride the bolt slowly home
3 Raise the feed cover
4 Raise the extractor

Adjusting After ensuring the weapon is prepared, perform the following steps from the
Timing table below to adjust timing.
Step Action
1 Pull the retracting handle back until you have a ¼-inch space
between the barrel extension and the trunnion block.
2 Insert the NO-Fire gauge between the barrel extension and the
trunnion block with the beveled edge of the gauge resting on the
barrel notches, as shown below:
3 Slowly let the barrel extension close by releasing the retracting

slide handle.
4 Depress the trigger; and refer to the table below:
If weapon does Then go to

Not fire Step 16
Fires Step 5
5 Remove gauge and cock weapon.

6 Insert the Fire gauge, as stated in step 2.
7 Remove backplate.
8 Screw the timing adjustment nut, as shown in the picture below, to
the left until it rests lightly on the trigger lever.

Adjusting
Timing,
continued
Step Action
9 Turn the adjustment nut to the right one click.
10 With firm upward pressure, push up on the trigger lever as shown
in the picture below.
11 Repeat steps 9 through 10 until the firing pin releases (fires).

12 When the firing pin releases, turn the timing adjustment nut two
additional clicks to the right.
13 Replace the backplate and remove the FIRE gauge.
WARNING: Never attempt to cock the machinegun with the

backplate off.
14 Grasp the retracting slide handle, pull the handle back, and release
it to cock weapon.
15 Repeat steps 2 through 4.
16 Insert the FIRE gauge.
17 Try to fire the machinegun by pressing the trigger.
If the machinegun… Then…

Fires Timing is correct, stop.
Does not fire Go to step 6.

Function Check The operator must ensure the weapon is assembled properly. The table below
lists the procedure to follow.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon in single-shot mode.
2 Open the cover and lock the bolt to the rear.
3 Return the retracting slide handles to full forward position and
press the bolt latch release.
4 Press down on the trigger. The weapon should fire.
5 Place the weapon in the automatic-fire mode.
6 Pull the retractor slide handle to the rear and release.
7 Make sure the firing pin does not protrude.
8 Press down on the trigger. The weapon should fire.
9 Make sure the firing pin does protrude.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 What is the next step in assembling the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun after
installing the barrel buffer and extension group?
a. Replace the drive spring and T block.

b. Replace the barrel buffer group only.
c. Install the bolt stud.
d. Replace the T block and barrel buffer and barrel extension groups.
Item 2 You are setting headspace and have just inserted the GO end of the headspace
gauge. The GO end did not fit. What is your next step?
a. Insert the NO GO end of the headspace gauge.

b. Alternate unscrewing the barrel one click and inserting the GO end of the
headspace gauge until it fits.
c. Your headspace is correct. Continue with the function check.
d. Take the machinegun to armory for maintenance check.


1 c 5-36
2 b 5-44

LESSON 4
SIGHTING, FIRING, AND CONDUCTING IMMEDIATE ACTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to discuss how to sight, fire, identify a
malfunction or stoppage, and apply immediate action to the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.

Objectives
· Identify the definition for sight alignment for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
· Identify the two firing modes for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify firing positions for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the types of malfunctions for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify common stoppages for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps of immediate action for the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun.

Topic See Page

Introduction 5-51
Sighting 5-53
Firing 5-56
Malfunctions and Stoppages 5-60

Sighting
Rear Sight The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun has a leaf-type rear sight as shown in the
picture below:
The rear sight is graduated in both yards and mils from 100 to 2,600 yards
and from 0 to 62 mils and has two positions.
· Down. When in the down position as shown in the picture below, it

is used for ranges from 0 to 400 yards.
· Up. When in the up position as shown in the picture below, it is used

for ranges from 400 to 2600 yards.
· In both the up and down positions has a rear sight aperture or

peep sight.

Sighting, Continued
Front Sight The front sight is a semifixed blade-type with cover as shown in the picture
below.
Sight Alignment Using the rear sight aperture and the front sight blade in combination is
called sight alignment. Correct sight alignment for the .50-caliber
machinegun occurs when the front sight blade is centered and halfway up in
the rear sight aperture as shown in the picture below.
Sight Picture A proper sight picture occurs when the top edge of the front sight at the
center base of the target while maintaining sight alignment as shown in the
picture below.

Sighting, Continued
Adjusting Sights You can adjust the rear sight for both elevation and windage as shown in the
picture below.
Elevation To change elevation, turn the elevation knob (on the top of the sight) so that
the index line moves to the required elevation scale line. The odd-numbered
elevation scale is on the left and the even-numbered scale is on the right.
Windage To change windage, turn the windage knob (at the bottom on the left side of
the sight) forward or back. The windage knob permits a change of five mils
left or right of center.

Firing
Two Modes Firing the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is not complicated. You must load
the gun differently for both modes which include the
· Automatic firing mode

· Single shot mode
Automatic The table lists the steps to load the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun for the
Firing Mode automatic firing mode.
Step Action
1 Clear the machinegun.
2 Close the bolt by pressing the bolt latch release. Use the
retracting slide handle to slowly ride the bolt home.
3 Close the feed cover.
4 Lock down the bolt latch release by pressing down on the bolt
latch release and rotating it to the left until it is locked in the
down position. This sets the gun for automatic fire.
5 Insert the belt of ammunition into the feedway until you hear the
click of the belt-holding pawl engaging the belt of ammunition.
6 Cock the gun by vigorously pulling back the retracting slide
handle and then releasing it. Allowing the drive spring to carry
the handle and bolt group forward. This is called half-loading. If
the trigger is pushed, the gun will not fire.
7 Be sure to re-cock the gun as you did in step 6 so that the gun is
fully loaded. Now, when you push the trigger, the machinegun
will fire in the automatic mode.

Firing, Continued
Single Shot The following table lists the steps to load the .50-caliber machinegun so that it
Mode fires one round at a time.
Step Action
1 Clear the machinegun.
2 Close the bolt by pressing the bolt latch release. Use the
retracting slide handle to slowly ride the bolt home.
3 Close the feed cover.
4 With the bolt latch release in the up position, be sure the bolt latch
release lock is to the right. The gun is now set for single shot
firing.
5 Insert the belt of ammunition into the feedway until you hear a
click.
6 Cock the gun by vigorously pulling back the retracting slide
handle. The bolt will lock to the rear.
7 Push the bolt latch release allowing the drive spring to carry the
bolt group forward. The gun is now half-loaded.
8 Repeat steps 6 and 7 to fully load the gun. When the trigger is
pushed, the gun will fire one round and then the bolt will lock to
the rear.
9 To fire another round, you must first push down on the bolt
release, allowing the bolt to go home under the power of the drive
spring.

Firing, Continued
Firing Positions When the .50-caliber machinegun is mounted on the M3 tripod, you can use
the
· Prone position
· Two types of sitting positions
· Legs folded
· Legs extended
In any of these three positions, your grip will be the same. With your right
hand on the spade grip and your thumb in position to press the trigger, use a
light grip with a slight downward pressure. Your left hand should be palm
down on the elevating hand wheel and applying a slight downward pressure.
When you fire, use long bursts (8 to 10 rounds) and watch for the impact to
make adjustments.
When the machinegun is mounted on a vehicle mount, place both hands on

the spade grips with your thumbs in position to press the trigger. Keep your
elbows tucked in to your sides and lean forward until your chest touches your
hands. Brace your body and arms firmly during firing.

Firing, Continued
Field Zeroing Field zeroing is adjusting the sights so that the rounds will hit where the
sights are pointing. The following table lists the steps to field zero the .50-
caliber machinegun.
Step Action
1 Determine the range to the target.
2 Adjust the rear sight for elevation according to the range you just
determined in step 1.
3 Center the windage scale by turning the windage knob until the
centerlines are aligned. Be sure the bolt is forward now with a
round in the chamber.
4 Obtain proper sight alignment and sight picture on the target
using the traversing and elevating handwheels.
5 Fire one round and observe the strike. If the round
· Hits where you are aiming, the gun is zeroed.
· Does not hit where you are aiming, go to step 6.

6 Without moving the gun, sight in on the point of impact.
Note: Move the rear sight elevation and windage knobs, not
the traversing and elevating handwheels!
7 Press the bolt latch release to send the bolt forward, chambering
another round.
8 Obtain sight alignment and sight picture on the original target
using the traversing and elevating handwheels.
9 Fire one round and observe where the round hits. If the round
· Hits where you were aiming, the gun is zeroed.
· Does not hit where you were aiming, repeat steps 6 through 9
until a round hits the target.

Malfunctions and Stoppages
Malfunctions Malfunctions and stoppages can occur at any time when you fire the .50-
caliber machinegun. You and your crew must know what the problem is and
how to correct it. A malfunction is any failure of the gun to function
satisfactorily. Normally the two types of malfunctions are
· Failure to function freely (sluggish operation). It is usually
· Due to human failure to eliminate excessive friction caused by dirt,

lack of proper lubrication, burred parts, tight headspace adjustment,
or incorrect timing.
· Corrected by cleaning, lubricating, and resetting headspace and

timing.
· Uncontrollable automatic fire (runaway gun), which is continued fire

after you release the trigger. It is
· Always caused by defective parts.
· Corrected by keeping the gun laid in on target and twisting the

ammunition belt, so the gun jams. If only a few rounds are on the
belt, let the gun fire them out. Report the problem to your armorer.

Malfunctions and Stoppages, Continued
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of operation caused by the faulty
action of the gun or ammunition. The following table lists the common
stoppages, their causes, and steps to correct them.
Type of Stoppage Usual Causes Steps to Correct It

Failure to feed Defective Change ammunition belt.
ammunition belt Check the feedway by
· Defective feed pushing down on the feed
mechanism pawls to be sure enough
· Improperly spring tension exists to hold
loaded belt the belt place.
Failure to chamber Obstruction in T-slotInspect the chamber and the
or chamber T-slot for an obstruction or
dirt, then clear them. You
may use a cleaning rod or
other tool to help push the
obstruction (usually a
cartridge case) out of the
bottom of the receiver.
Ruptured case If a ruptured cartridge case is
stuck in the chamber, try to
force it out by inserting a
cleaning rod into the muzzle
of the weapon and pushing.
If this fails, you must use a
ruptured cartridge case
extractor.
Failure to fire · Defective Change the ammunition belt.
ammunition Inspect parts of firing
· Defective parts in mechanism for defects.
firing mechanism

Malfunctions and Stoppages, Continued
Using the The following table lists the steps to use the ruptured cartridge case extractor
Ruptured shown in the picture below.
Cartridge Case
Extractor
Step Action
1 Raise the cover and pull the bolt to the rear.
2 Place the ruptured case extractor in the T-slot of the bolt, as you
would a cartridge. The ejector of the extractor assembly will hold
the extractor in line with the bore.
3 With the ruptured cartridge extractor aligned, let the bolt go
forward. This forces the extractor through the ruptured case, and
the shoulders will spring out in front of the case.
4 Pull the bolt to rear and remove the ruptured case and the extractor.

Immediate Action
Procedure Immediate action is the procedure you use when a stoppage of fire occurs and
you cannot stop to analyze its cause. The gunner usually performs immediate
action; however, every crewmember must know how to apply it. The
following table lists the steps to take immediate action.
Step Action
1 Wait 5 seconds. A hang-fire may be causing the misfire. If the
gun is very hot, it may “cook off” the round.
2 Cock the gun and observe for feeding and ejecting.
3 Re-lay on target.
4 Try to fire.
If the gun… Then…

Fires Continue with your mission.
Does not fire Go to step 5.
5 Repeat steps 1 through 4.
If the gun… Then…

Fires Continue with your mission.
Does not fire Clear the gun and inspect it to
determine the cause of the stoppage.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 When the sight alignment for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is correct,
the front sight blade
a. is at the bottom of the rear sight aperture.

b. is at the top of the rear sight aperture.
c. blocks out the entire rear sight aperture.
d. is centered and halfway up in the rear sight aperture.
Item 2 You are loading your M2HB .50-caliber machinegun to fire in the automatic
firing mode. You have cleared the gun, closed the bolt, and closed the feed
cover. Which step will you perform next?
a. Cock the gun.

b. Press the trigger.
c. Press down on the bolt latch release and rotate the bolt latch release lock
until the bolt latch release is locked in the down position.
d. Insert the belt of ammunition into the feedway.
Item 3 Which one of the following is a firing position for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Bent leg prone

b. Folded leg sitting (legs folded)
c. Kneeling
d. Supported standing

Item 4 You have been on the range firing your .50-caliber machinegun and you
notice that it is not functioning freely and is operating sluggishly.
What corrective action should you take?
a. Change the belt of ammunition.

b. Inspect the chamber and the T slot for an obstruction.
c. Keep the machinegun laid on target and twist the ammunition belt.
d. Clean and lubricate your machinegun, and then reset headspace and
timing.
Items 5 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the identification of the
Through 9 failure in column 2 that best describes the failure item in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
Failure Item Failure Identification
___ 5. Failure to function freely a. Malfunction

___ 6. Failure to fire b. Stoppage
___ 7. Failure to feed
___ 8. Uncontrollable automatic fire
___ 9. Failure to chamber
Item 10 What is the first thing the gunner must do while performing immediate
action?
a. Clear the gun and inspect to determine the cause of the stoppage.
b. Attempt to fire again.
c. Re-lay on target.
d. Wait 5 seconds to see if the round will “cook off.”

Answers The following table provides the answers to the items on the previous page.
If you have any questions concerning this summary check, refer back to the
reference page listed for each item.

1 d 5-54
2 c 5-56
3 b 5-58
4 d 5-60
5 a 5-60
6 b 5-61
7 b 5-61
8 a 5-60
9 b 5-61
10 d 5-63

STUDY UNIT 6
MK19 MACHINEGUN
Overview

Study Time
Unit Scope This study unit will discusses the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
MK19 machinegun (MK19).

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics of the MK19.
· Identify how to maintain the MK19.
· Identify how to engage a target with the MK19.
· Identify how to troubleshoot malfunctions and stoppages on the MK19.

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 3 Assembling, Conducting the Function Check, and 6-33
Lesson 4 Sighting, Firing, Malfunctions, Stoppages, and 6-49
Immediate Action

(This page left intentionally blank.)

LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the basic characteristics of the MK19 machinegun
(MK19) and the ammunition it uses.

Objectives
· Identify the capabilities of the MK19.
· Identify the cycle of operation for the MK19.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the MK19 based on use.
Topic See Page

Introduction 6-3
Ammunition 6-8

Role The MK19 provides a high volume of fire that is effective against lightly
armored vehicles, structures, and personnel.
Capabilities The capabilities of the MK19 are to
· Support the infantry in the attack or defense

· Provide a heavy volume of destructive/suppressive fire
· Provide fires for the final protective fire (FPF)
· Provide protection for motorized movement
· Destroy lightly armored vehicles
· Perform reconnaissance by fire

Appearance Below is a picture of the MK19 mounted on a tripod.
Weight The approximate weight of the MK19 is 75.6 pounds.
Length The length of the MK19 is 43.1 inches.
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the MK19.
Type of Range Distance in Meters

Maximum 2,212
Maximum effective-area target 2,212
Maximum effective-point target 1,500
Minimum safe distance-training 310
Minimum safe distance combat 75
Rates of Fire The following table lists the rate of fire (in rounds per minute) for the MK19.
Rate Rounds per Minute

Sustained 40
Rapid 60
Cyclic 325-375
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the MK19 is 790 feet per second.

Three Descriptive The MK19 is

Characteristics
· Belt-fed. When the rounds of ammunition are linked together, they form
a belt. During firing, the links disengage but remain on the cartridge
case. Feeding is continuous throughout the cycle.
· Air-cooled. The MK19 is an air-cooled weapon. No special cooling

measures are required. Air circulation at normal outside air temperatures
provides adequate cooling in any climate.
· Blowback-operated. This term is used for weapons that are directly

operated by the exploding propellant charge.

Cycle of Operation
Operation The cycle of operation for the MK19 consists of steps shown in the table
below:
Step Action
1 Feeding: When the bolt moves forward it forces the pawls of the
feed slide assembly to position a new round in the feeder. As the
bolt moves to the rear it forces the round from the feeder into the
extractors and in position to chamber.
2 Chambering: The bolt moves forward on the rail and seats the
round in the chamber.
3 Locking: Locking takes place when the bolt reaches the forward-
most position by the recoil springs and held in place by spring
tension and the weight of the bolt.
4 Firing: As locking occurs, the cocking lever is moved to the rear
and allows the firing pin mechanism to release into the primer of
the round.
5 Unlocking: As the round fires the pressure from the gas
overcomes the tension of the spring, and moves the bolt to the
rear.
6 Extracting: The rearward movement of the bolt along the rails
pulls the casing out of the chamber.
7 Ejecting: The vertical cam forces a new round into position and
ejects the spent casing out through the ejection port.
8 Cocking: Simultaneously with ejection, the cocking lever is
moved forward, cocking the firing pin.

Ammunition
Types The MK19 fires 40mm ammunition. Each type is designed for a specific
situation or mission. The table below shows the name, type, and
characteristics of each round.
Name Type Characteristics

M383/M384 High explosive, anti- · Point detonating
personnel (HE) · Inflicts personnel
casualties with
ground burst
· Casualty radius - 15
meters
M430 High explosive, dual · Standard round for

purpose (HEDP) MK 19
· Impact detonating
· Used against lightly
armored vehicles,
fortifications and
personnel
· Casualty producing
radius - 15 meters
M918/M385 Practice · Solid aluminum
projectile
Note: The M385 round · Simulates explosion
is inert and has no blast upon impact
effect in the target area. · Used in range
gunnery practice
M922 Dummy · Completely inert

· Used in training
· Green with gold
ogive and black
markings

Characteristics The pictures below show the internal components of the round.
Important The 40mm ammunition used with the MK19 cannot be used in the M203
grenade launcher.

Lesson 1 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time

Item 1 You are part of a perimeter defense with your MK19. Which of the following
is a capability that can be accomplished using the MK19?
a. Destroy enemy tanks

b. Provide anti-aircraft fire
c. Provide fires for the FPF
d. Supplement mortar fires using indirect fire
Item 2 Complete the cycle of operation of the MK19 in sequence, feeding,

chambering, locking, __________, __________, __________, __________,
and cocking.
a. firing, unlocking, ejecting, extracting

b. firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting
c. firing, extracting, unlocking, ejecting
d. firing, releasing, extracting, ejecting
Item 3 Which of the following 40mm ammunition is the practice round used with the
MK19?
a. M383
b. M384
c. M385
d. M430


1 c 6-4
2 b 6-7
3 c 6-8


LESSON 2
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson discusses how to clear, disassemble, and clean the
MK19 machinegun (MK19).

Objectives
· Identify the steps to clear the MK19.
· Identify the steps to disassemble the MK19.
· Identify steps for the care and cleaning of the MK19.
Topic See Page

Introduction 6-13
Clearing 6-14
Components 6-17
Disassembling 6-18
Care and Cleaning 6-27

Clearing
Procedure Before you begin to disassemble any weapon, you must first clear it. The
following table lists the steps for clearing the MK19.
Step Action
1 Point the gun in a safe direction.
2 Place the fire/safe switch on the S position as shown in picture
below.
3 Open the top cover assembly as shown in picture below.

Clearing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 If ammunition is loaded in the gun, reach beneath the feeder and
press the primary and secondary positioning pawls as shown in the
picture below. At the same time, slide the linked rounds out of the
feeder and feed tray.
5 If a round is on the face of the bolt, insert a section of the cleaning

rod through either side of the receiver rail.
· Place it on top of the live round or cartridge case as close to the

bolt face as possible.
· Push down to force the round out through the bottom.
6 Lower and pull the charger handles to the rear as shown below.

Clearing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
7 Inspect the chamber and bolt face again to ensure that no live
rounds are in the weapon.
8 Place the safety switch on Fire (F).
9 Press the trigger and ease the bolt forward. Return the charger
handles to their original position.

Components
Components After you clear the MK19, you are ready to disassemble it. The MK19
machinegun can be disassembled into the major components as shown in the
illustration below.

Disassembling
Procedure After you have cleared your MK19, you are ready to disassemble the
machinegun by removing the following:
· Secondary drive lever

· Top cover assembly
· Feed slide assembly and feed tray
· Bolt and backplate assembly
· Primary drive lever and vertical cam assembly
· Sear assembly
· Alignment guide assembly and ogive plunger
· Round positioning block and charger assemblies
Removing the The secondary drive lever can be removed by following the steps in the table
Secondary below.
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Raise the cover and push down on the pivot post from the outside
of the cover assembly as shown in the picture below.
2 Separate the secondary drive lever from the top cover assembly.
3 Remove the secondary drive lever from slide assembly.

Removing the The top cover assembly can be removed by following the steps in the table
Top Cover below.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Hold the top cover straight up with one hand and pull the top cover
pins from both sides as shown below.
2 Pull the top cover pins from both sides of the cover assembly as
shown above.
3 Lift the top cover assembly straight up and off.

Removing the The feed slide assembly and feed tray can be removed by following the steps
Feed Slide in the table below.
Assembly and
Feed Tray
Step Action
1 Align the tabs on the feed slide assembly with the slots in the feed
tray and lift them straight up as shown below.
2 Lift the feed tray straight up as shown below.

Removing the The bolt and backplate assembly can be removed by following the steps in the
Bolt and table below.
Backplate
Assembly
Step Action
1 Take out the backplate pin using the rim of a spent cartridge case or
metal link as shown below.
Note: Ensure that the safety switch is in the fire position.

2 Grasp the control grips with both hands and lift up slightly to
disengage the backplate from the locking lugs in the receiver.
3 Pull the bolt and backplate assembly to the rear as shown below.

Removing the The primary drive lever and vertical cam can be removed by following the
Primary Drive steps in the table below.
Lever and the
Vertical Cam
Assembly Step Action
1 Reach under the top of the receiver to locate the drive lever lock
on the vertical cam assembly. Slide the lock to the rear about 1/4
inch as shown in the picture below.
2 Press down on the primary drive lever pivot post. (This releases
the primary drive lever and the vertical cam assembly)
3 Pull the primary drive lever and the vertical cam assembly out of
the receiver.

Removing the The sear assembly can be removed by following the steps in the table below.
Sear Assembly
Step Action
1 Turn the receiver on its side or upside down.
2 Lift the lock pin with a cartridge link or with your hand as shown
in the picture below.
3 Press the receiver sear (underneath the safety), and rotate the sear
housing assembly 90 degrees in either direction.
4 Place the safety switch in the safe position.
5 Keep pressure on the sear and lift the sear assembly off the
weapon.
Note: If the fire/safe switch is on the fire (F) position when you
remove the sear housing assembly, parts from the sear
housing assembly can fall out and become lost.

Removing the The alignment guide assembly and ogive plunger can be removed by
Alignment Guide following the steps in the table below:
Assembly and the
Ogive Plunger
Step Action
1 Depress the alignment guide spring by inserting a cartridge link or
small tool into the slot in the feeder mouth.
2 Slide the alignment guide towards the feeder mouth, pulling the
assembly slightly rearward.
3 Pull the ogive plunger assembly out through the inside wall of the
receiver as shown in the picture below.

Removing The table below lists the steps to remove the round positioning block and the
Round charger assemblies.
Positioning
Block and
Charger
Assemblies
Step Action
1 Depress the round positioning block and slide it towards the
muzzle end of the gun as shown in the picture below.
2 Pull the round positioning block away from the wall of the
receiver.

Removing
Round
Positioning
Block and Step Action
Charger 3 Place the charger assemblies in the upright position.
Assemblies, 4 Using a metal link or spent cartridge case, retract the locking
continued plunger at the base of the charging arm.
5 Slide the charger housing rearward to disengage the lugs from the
key slots in the receiver as shown above.
6 Lift the charger assembly away from the receiver.

Care and Cleaning
When to Clean Care and cleaning consists of three actions: cleaning, inspecting, and
lubricating. You need to conduct care and cleaning on a regular basis.
· After firing.
· At least daily under combat/field conditions.
· Weekly when the gun is in storage.
· Three consecutive days upon returning from the field.
Cleaning and The table below describes the five types of cleaning and lubricating materials
Lubricating that you can use on the MK19.
Materials
Cleaner/Lubricant Use
Lubricant, weapons, semi-fluid Lubricates the weapon.
(LSAT)
Note: This is the preferred material
for lubricating the MK19.
Cleaner, lubricant, preservative Cleans, lubricates, and preserves the
(CLP) weapon.
Note: CLP is used as a lubricant

only if LSAT is not available.
Lubricant, arctic weather (LAW) Lubricates the weapon in extremely
cold weather (below 0o Fahrenheit).
Rifle bore cleaner (RBC) Cleans the bore and the chamber.
Dry cleaning solvent (P-D-680) Cleans the weapon.

Cleaning The table below lists the steps to clean the MK19.
Step Action
1 Disassemble the weapon into its components.
2 Inspect all parts for cracks, burrs, wear, and rust.
3 Clean the bore and chamber with RBC or CLP.
4 Immerse the parts in drycleaning solvent or apply drycleaning
solvent to a rag or brush and scrub the parts.
CAUTION: Do not immerse the sear housing assembly,

backplate, ogive plunger and the bolt assembly in
solvent. Solvent can dilute the lubricant and grease
in these parts.
5 Lubricate and then reassemble the weapon.
Inspecting Inspections are usually conducted in conjunction with cleaning. The table
below lists the steps to inspect the MK19.
Step Action
1 Disassemble the weapon into its components.
2 Inspect the barrel for carbon buildup in the bore or chamber.
3 Inspect all parts for cracks, wear, burrs, and rust.
4 Inspect all pins to be sure they are not loose or missing.
5 Inspect all springs for weak spring action.
6 Inspect all moving parts for binding.
7 Reassemble the weapon.
8 Inspect the mount, spare parts, and tools.

Lubricating The MK19 must be lubricated to reduce wear and to prevent rust and
malfunctions. The table below lists the steps to lubricate the MK19.
Step Action
1 Apply a light coat of lubricant to all parts. The table below lists
the authorized lubricates for use.
2 Apply several drops of lubricant to moving parts (feeder pawls,
pivot posts and latch mechanism) and work the parts to spread the
lubricant.
Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions to be sure your
Environments MK19 operates trouble-free. The following table shows the precautions you
must take for each environmental condition.
Hot, humid climate · Inspect the weapon frequently for
rust.
· Keep the weapon as moisture-free
as possible.
· Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the
weapon more often.
· Use a generous coat of lubricant.
Hot, dry, and sandy climate · Clean and lubricate daily.
· Wipe the weapon dry. Do not use
extra lubricant because the grit and
dust will stick to the parts.
Cold climates · Cover the weapon when outside.
· Keep the weapon free of excess
lubrication and moisture.
· If the metal sweats, dry and
lubricate the parts before taking the
weapon outdoors again.

Lesson 2 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time

Item 1 Which of the following is the first step in the procedure for clearing the
MK19?
a. Open the top cover assembly.

b. Place the fire/safe switch on the S position.
c. Inspect the chamber for ammunition.
d. Point the gun in a safe direction.
Item 2 The first item you remove to begin disassembling the MK19 is the
a. top cover and feed tray.

b. sear assembly.
c. secondary drive lever.
d. bolt and backplate assembly.
Item 3 What is the preferred lubricant for the MK19 machinegun?
a. LSAT
b. CLP
c. LAW
d. RBC
Item 4 How often do you conduct care and cleaning of the MK19 when it is in
storage?
a. Daily
b. Weekly
c. Bi-weekly
d. Monthly


1 d 6-14
2 c 6-18
3 a 6-27
4 b 6-27


LESSON 3
ASSEMBLING, CONDUCTING THE FUNCTION CHECK, AND
MOUNTS AND ACCESSORIES
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discuses how to assemble, perform a function check, and mount
the MK19 machinegun (MK19).

Objectives
· Identify the steps to assemble the MK19.
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on the MK19.
· Identify the mounts and accessories for the MK19.
Topic See Page

Introduction 6-33
Assembling 6-34

Assembling
Procedure After you have cleaned and inspected your MK19, you are ready to begin
assembly. To assemble the MK19, replace the parts in the reverse order of
disassembly by attaching the
· Charger and round positioning block assemblies
· Ogive plunger and the alignment guide assembly
· Sear assembly
· Vertical cam assembly and the primary drive lever
· Bolt and backplate assembly
· Feed tray and the feed slide assembly
· Top cover assembly
· Secondary drive lever

Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the charger and round positioning
Charger and block assemblies to the MK19.
Round
Positioning
Block
Assemblies
Step Action
1 Rotate the charger handle to the up position.
2 Line up the lugs on the charger with the slots in the receiver rail.
3 Insert the charger lugs into the slots.

4 Hold the charger tightly against the rail.
5 Slide the charger forward until it locks in place.
6 Insert the round positioning block into the slots in the receiver.
7 Push against the block and slide it toward the rear until it locks in
place.

Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the ogive plunger and the alignment
Ogive Plunger guide assembly to the MK19 machinegun.
and Alignment
Guide Step Action
Assembly
1 Insert the ogive plunger into the feeder wall.
2 Position the alignment guide assembly so that the pin is lined up

with the slot in the feeder wall.
3 Depress the leaf spring.

4 Slide the alignment guide toward the ogive plunger until you hear
a click.

Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the sear assembly
Sear Assembly
Step Action
1 Turn the receiver upside down.
2 Place the sear on the receiver and squeeze the sear lock and rotate the
assembly 90 degrees to the right or left until it locks in place.

Attaching the Attaching the Charger and Round Positioning Block Assemblies. The table
Vertical Cam below lists the steps to attach the charger and round positioning block
Assembly and assemblies to the MK19.
the Primary
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Slide the vertical cam assembly through the rear of the receiver.
The raised portion slides over the hole in the receiver. The drive
lever lock is underneath.
2 Engage the forked end in the notch in the receiver.

3 Hold the vertical cam assembly in place while you slide the
primary drive lever into the receiver.
4 Engage the pivot post of the lever through the holes in the receiver
and the vertical cam.
5 Slide the drive lever lock on the vertical cam forward.

Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the bolt and backplate assembly to the
Bolt and MK19.
Backplate
Assembly
Step Action
1 Note: Be sure the cocking lever is cocked and forward.
Place the fire/safe switch in the F position.

2 Insert the bolt and backplate assembly into the receiver.
3 When the bolt and backplate assembly stops, press the receiver sear
and slide the bolt and backplate assembly all the way forward.
WARNING: Watch your thumbs!
4 Insert the backplate pin to lock the assembly in place.

Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the feed tray and the feed slide
Feed Tray and assembly to the MK19.
the Feed Slide
Assembly
Step Action
1 Drop the feed tray into the top of the feeder, recessed side up. The
pinholes on the tray line up with the lugs on the receiver.
2 Position the feed slide assembly so that the tabs are lined up with
the slots in the tray. Insert the tabs into the slots.
3 Slide the feed slide assembly to the right side of the feed tray.
4 Line up the pinholes in the feed tray and in the top cover, and the
receiver lugs.
5 Hold the top cover straight up. Insert the top cover pins on both
sides. Be sure the crosspin enters the receiver.

Attaching the Hold the top cover straight up with one hand and install the top cover pins
Top Cover from both sides as shown in diagram below.
Assembly
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the secondary drive lever to the
Secondary MK19.
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Lift the feed slide assembly and tray.
2 Engage the forked end of the secondary drive lever with the feed
slide pin.
3 Press the raised pivot post through the hole in the top cover.
4 Press the tray firmly against the top cover.
WARNING: If the secondary drive lever is not properly

engaged with the feed slide pin, the gun will not
fire and can be dangerous.

After-Assembly After assembling the MK19, conduct a check to ensure proper assembly.
Check The table below lists the steps to conduct an after-assembly check.
Step Action
1 Be sure the secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the
feed slide pin.
2 Be sure the feed slide assembly is all the way to the left.
3 Be sure the bolt is forward and the charger handles are up.
4 Close the top cover.
5 Be sure the top cover pins are flush.

Purpose You should conduct a function check immediately after assembly and before
preparing to fire. Before conducting a function check, be sure the
· Secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the feed slide pin.
· Feed slide assembly is all the way to the left.
· Bolt is forward.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform a function check.
Step Action
1 Charge the gun. If the bolt jams midway
· Hold the bolt back while opening the top cover.

· Slowly ride the bolt forward.
· Close the top cover and charge again.
2 Place the fire/safe switch on S and depress the trigger. (Nothing
should happen.)
3 Place the fire/safe switch on F and depress the trigger. (You
should hear a click.)
4 Open the top cover assembly and be sure the firing pin is forward.
If it is not
· Remove the bolt and backplate assembly.

· Be sure the cocking lever is forward.
· Replace the bolt and backplate assembly.

Mounts The following mounts are used with the MK19
· M3 tripod mount
· Vehicle mount
Accessories The MK19 must be mounted to fire. Along with one of the mounts listed
above, you need the accessories listed in the blocks below. These include the
MK 64 cradle, a traversing and elevating mechanism, and a pintle. To aid in
night firing, you may need to use a night vision sight. There is also a feed
throat that can be attached to guide ammunition into the feeder.
MK64 Cradle The MK64 gun cradle, shown in the picture below, is used to support the
MK19. The cradle permits mounting on the M3 tripod and vehicle mounts.
The T&E mechanism is attached to the cradle to permit accurate delivery of
fire.
Procedures to To mount the MK19 on the gun cradle

Mount the
MK64 Cradle · Remove the retaining pin.
· Place the gun in the cradle.
· Reinsert the retaining pins.
T&E The MK19 uses the same mounts (M3 tripod, M4 pedestal, M66 ring,
Mechanism HMMWV weapons station) and the same T&E mechanism as the M2HB .50-
caliber heavy machinegun.

Pintle Adapter The pintle adapter is needed to mount the MK19 to the mounting well of a
HMMWV weapons platform and M3A2 ring mount with the M66 ring. A
picture of the adapter is shown below:

AN/TVS-5 Night vision sight can be installed on the MK19 for passive night observation
Night Vision and fire. Portable and battery operated, the AN/TVS-5 amplifies natural light
Sight such as moonlight, starlight, and skyglow. AN/TVS-5 does not emit visible
or infrared light that could be detected by the enemy.
Feed Throat The MK19 has a feed throat that can be attached to the weapon to guide the
ammunition belt into the feeder. The table below lists the steps to attach the
feed throat to the MK19 machinegun.
Step Action
1 Squeeze the spring-loaded pins on the feed throat as shown in the
picture below.
2 Insert the feed throat into the slots on both sides of the feeder.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time

Item 1 What is the next step in assembling the MK19 after attaching the top cover
assembly?
a. Attach the secondary drive lever

b. Attach the feed tray and the top cover assembly
c. Attach the sear assembly
d. Attach the ogive plunger and the alignment guide assembly
Item 2 While performing a function check on the MK19, the operator depresses the
trigger with the fire/safe switch in the F position. What should happen?
a. Nothing.
b. A click should be heard.
c. The bolt should slam forward.
d. A round should eject.
Item 3 Which of the following night vision sights can be installed on the MK19 to
aid in night observation and fire?
a. AN/PVS-4 night vision sight

b. AN/PVS-5 night vision goggle
c. AN/TVS-4 night vision sight
d. AN/TVS-5 night vision sight

Item Number Answer` Reference Page

1 a 6-41
2 b 6-43
3 d 6-46

LESSON 4
SIGHTING, FIRING, MALFUNCTIONS, STOPPAGES, AND
IMMEDIATE ACTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to set the sights, fire, handle malfunctions and
stoppages, and apply immediate action for the MK19 machinegun (MK19).

Objectives
· Identify the parts of the sights on the MK19.
· Identify the steps to prepare the MK19 to engage a target.
· Identify the malfunctions on the MK19.
· Identify stoppages on the MK19.
· Identify the steps for applying immediate action to reduce a stoppage on

the MK19.
In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topic:
Topic See Page

Introduction 6-49
Sights 6-50
Before Firing 6-52
Firing 6-55
Malfunctions 6-56
Stoppages 6-57

Sights
Introduction The MK40 sight, is the rear sight assembly on the MK19. The sight is a
ladder type design with graduated range indications from 300-1,500 meters.
The strengthening rib on the gun’s top cover is used as the front sight blade.
Front Sight The front sight is a raised ridge on the top cover assembly, as shown in the
illustrated below:

Sights, Continued
MK40 Parts The illustration below lists the parts of the sight assembly for the MK19.
Function The table below lists the function of the parts located on the front sight
assembly.
Part Function
Plunger Releases the sight frame
Retainer lock nut Locks the aperture carrier in place
Sight frame Contains the graduated range indications
Elevation wheel Adjusts the degrees of elevation
Aperture carrier Sets the elevation
Windage screw Adjusts the windage
Battlesight Sight used with sight assembly folded down to engage
targets with in battlesight range.

Before Firing
Prepare Sights When the rear sight frame is down, use the battlesight to engage snap targets.
The table below lists the steps to sight in on a target with the rear sight frame
up.
Step Action
1 Estimate the range to the target.
2 Push in on the lock nut and move the aperture carrier up or down
to the range indication that corresponds to your estimated range.
3 Adjust the T&E mechanism to obtain a sight picture on the target.
Prepare To engage targets with the MK19, you must

Weapon
· Feed the ammunition into the weapon
· Charge the weapon
· Load the first round
· Aim and fire

Before Firing, Continued
Feeding the The following table lists the steps to feed ammunition into the MK19.
Ammunition
Step Action
1 Clear the MK19.
2 Insert the first round, female link first, into the feeder as shown in
the picture below.
3 Push the round across the first pawl as shown in the picture below
until you hear a click.
4 Move the secondary drive lever (inside the top cover) to the left.
5 Close the top cover.

Before Firing, Continued
Charging After feeding, charging the gun manually moves the round into position to be
fired. The table below lists the steps to charge the MK19.
Step Action
1 Grasp the charger handles (1).
2 Press the charger handle locks (2), as shown in the picture below,
and rotate the handles down.
3 Pull the chargers to the rear.

4 Return the charger handles forward and rotate them up to the
locked position.
CAUTION: Be sure the top cover is closed before charging.
Loading the The table below lists the steps to load the first round onto the face of the bolt.
First Round
Step Action
1 Place the fire/safe switch on the F position.
2 Press the trigger, allowing the bolt to slam forward.
3 Charge the gun again.
4 Return the fire/safe switch to the S position. The gun is now
loaded, charged, and ready to fire.

Firing
Firing The table below lists the steps to fire the MK19.
Step Action
1 Place the fire/safe switch on the F position. (Be sure the charger
handles are forward and up.)
2 Place your hands on the control grips with your thumbs on the
trigger.
3 Press the trigger to fire. (Fire in three- to five-round bursts.)
Zeroing The table below lists the steps to zero the MK19.
Step Action
1 Locate a target at a known distance. (Recommended distance is
400 - 600 meters)
2 Adjust the rear sight setting to the range to the target.
3 Center the windage scale by turning the windage screw until the
center index lines are aligned.
4 Adjust the T&E mechanism until the correct sight picture is
obtained at the base of the target.
5 Fire a single round and observe the impact. If the round
· Impacts within five meters of the target, fire another round to

confirm zero. If this round impacts within five meters of the
target, your MK19 is zeroed.
· Is not within five meters of the target, go to step 6.

6 Adjust the windage screw and elevation wheel on the sight to
obtain a sight picture on the impact.
Note: Do not move the gun. Move the sight.

7 Adjust the T&E mechanism to regain the correct sight picture on
the target.
8 Go back to step 5.
Note: Repeat steps 5-8 until your MK19 is zeroed.

Malfunctions
Introduction Malfunctions and stoppages can occur any time you are firing the MK19.
You must be able to identify and correct the problem quickly and continue
your mission.
Malfunction A malfunction is a failure of the weapon to function properly not due to

Defined defective ammunition or operational error by the gunner.
Common The table below lists the most common types of malfunctions, their causes,
Malfunctions and the corrective action to take.
Malfunction Cause Corrective Action

Sluggish Action · Friction from dirt · Clean
· Carbon buildup · Lubricate
· Lack of · Tighten or replace parts
lubrication
· Burred parts
Runaway Gun · Worn parts · Keep rounds on target, until
· Short recoil of the all rounds on the belt have
bolt assembly been fired.
· Presses the charger handle
locks and lower one
charger handle.
Note: Do not try to break the

ammunition belt.

Stoppages
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of operation caused by faulty

action of the gun or defective ammunition.
Common The table below lists the most common types of stoppages, their causes, and
Stoppages the corrective action to take.
Stoppage Cause Corrective action

Failure to feed · Rounds not lined up · Align the rounds.
· Male end of link is first · Replace the rounds. Place
· Broken links the female link first.
· Replace with new linked
rounds.
Failure to fire · Defective ammunition · Replace with new
· Defective parts in the ammunition.
firing mechanism · Inspect the parts and
replace worn, burred, or
broken parts.

Immediate Action
Definition Immediate action is the action taken to reduce a stoppage without

investigating the cause.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform immediate action.
Step Training Action Combat Action

1 Shout “Misfire.” Press charger handle locks
and rotate charger handles
down.
2 Clear the area of nonessential Pull and lock the bolt to the
personnel. rear.
3 Wait 10 seconds for possible Push the charger handles
hangfire. forward and lock them in the
up position.
4 Pull the bolt to rear and observe for Relay gun on target and
feeding and ejecting. attempt to fire.
Note: Catch round as it ejects.

5 Push charger handles forward and (Same)
up.
6 Observe for feeding and ejecting. (Same)
Takes Place Does Not

· Go to step 7 · Unload and
clear
· Troubleshoot
7 Attempt to fire. (Same)
Note: If the weapon does not fire,

wait 10 seconds, clear, and
troubleshoot.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time

Item 1 Which of the parts below contain the graduated sight indications scale on the
MK40 sight?
a. Sight frame
b. Elevation wheel
c. Aperture carrier
d. Elevation screw
Item 2 What is the first step to preparing the MK19 for firing?
a. Loading the first round onto the face of the bolt

b. Charging
c. Function check
d. Feeding
Item 3 Which of the following is the corrective action if you have a runaway gun
with the MK19?
a. Break the belt.

b. Let it fire until the ammunition is expended.
c. Open the top cover.
d. Place the fire/safe switch in the S position.
Item 4 Which of the following is a cause of a failure to fire on a MK19?
a. Defective parts in the firing mechanism

b. Rounds not lined up straight
c. Male end of link is first
d. Broken links

Item 5 After observing feeding and ejecting while performing immediate action on
the MK19, a round is ejected. What is the next step the gunner performs?
a. Wait 10 seconds and clear machinegun.

b. Unload and clear machinegun.
c. Attempt to fire machinegun.
d. Troubleshoot the machinegun.


1 a 6-51
2 d 6-52
3 b 6-56
4 a 6-57
5 c 6-58


STUDY UNIT 7
TRAVERSING AND ELEVATING MECHANISM
Overview
Estimated Study 45 minutes

Time
Scope This study unit covers the traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism and its
use and operation.
Learning After completing this study unit, you should be able to

Objectives
· Identify the characteristics of the T&E mechanism.
· Identify the procedures for operating T&E mechanism.

Unit
Topic See Page

Lesson 1 Characteristics 7-3
Lesson 2 Operation 7-9


LESSON 1
CHARACTERISTICS
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson will describe the use and components of the T&E mechanism.
Note: The information in this lesson applies to using the T&E mechanism
on all the machineguns discussed in this course.

Objectives
· Describe the purpose of the T&E mechanism.
· Identify the parts of the T&E mechanism by function.
Topic See Page

Introduction 7-3
Function 7-4
Components 7-5

Function
Capabilities When properly employed, the traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism
enables you to
· Lock the gun into a desired position which allows you to accurately
engage predetermined targets during periods of reduced visibility
· Obtain direction and elevation readings from the traversing bar and T&E
mechanism and record the readings on your range card. This allows you
to
· Fire from defilade positions.

· Engage enemy positions on reverse slopes.
· Quickly and accurately shift to predetermined targets.

Components
Parts List The T&E mechanism consists of
· Two elevating screws

· Lower
· Upper
· Upper elevating screw yoke
· Traversing slide lock lever
· Traversing mechanism scale
· Two handwheels
Traversing (adjusts direction left and right)

Elevating (adjusts height up and down)
Note: All readings are recorded in mils (unit of measurement)

Lesson 1 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3. Check your answers against those listed at the
end of this lesson.
Item 1 Which of the following actions does the T&E mechanism enable you to
accomplish?
a. Engage armored targets at oblique angles

b. Fire from defilade positions
c. Fire on the move
d. Fire from unsupported positions
Item 2 The T&E allows the gunner to
a. record the readings on a range card for later use.

b. support the squad in the offense.
c. engage enemy positions on the move.
d. freely engage targets.
Item 3 What part on the T&E locks itself to the traversing bar?
a. Elevating and traversing handwheels

b. Upper elevating screw yoke and traversing bar
c. Traversing slide lock lever
d. Upper and lower elevating screws


1 b 7-4
2 a 7-4
3 c 7-5


LESSON 2
OPERATION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson describes the operation of the T&E mechanism.
Note: The information in this lesson applies to using the T&E mechanism on
all the machineguns discussed in this course.

Objectives
· Identify the procedure for initially positioning the traversing mechanism.
· Identify where you lock the traversing bar to lay the machinegun for
direction.
· Identify the procedure for obtaining a direction reading from the T&E.
· Identify the procedure for obtaining elevation reading from the T&E.
Topic See Page

Introduction 7-9
Initial Positioning of the T&E Mechanism 7-10
Laying the Machinegun for Direction 7-11
Direction Readings 7-12
Elevation Readings 7-14

Initial Positioning of the T&E Mechanism
Center the You must center the traversing mechanism before obtaining direction and
Traversing elevation readings. The following table lists the steps for centering the
Mechanism traversing mechanism.
Step Action
1 Turn the traversing handwheel (shown below) toward your body
as far as it will go.
2 Turn it two complete revolutions (50 clicks) away from you.

3 Check the handwheel to ensure the zero on the scale is lined up
with the zero index line.

Laying the Machinegun for Direction
Two Methods After centering the traversing mechanism, you can lay the gun for direction.
The two methods of laying the gun for direction depend on if a final
protective line (FPL) has been assigned or has not been assigned.
Final Protective The following table lists the steps for laying the gun for direction if a final
Line (FPL) protective line has been assigned.
Assigned
Step Action
1 Lock the traversing slide all the way to the end of the traversing
bar opposite to the direction of the FPL.
2 Lift the rear legs of the tripod and shift the tripod until the muzzle
of the gun points along the FPL.
No Final If an FPL has not been assigned, lay the gun on the center of your sector of
Protective Line fire. The following table lists the steps for laying the gun for direction if an
(FPL) Assigned FPL has not been assigned.
Step Action
1 Lock the left edge of the traversing slide on the 0 graduation on
the traversing bar.
Note: The left edge of the traversing slide is always used as an

index mark.
2 Lift the rear legs of the tripod and shift the tripod until the muzzle
of the gun is pointed to the center of your sector of fire.
Emplace After laying the gun, firmly emplace the tripod by

Tripod
· Digging in the shoes
· Placing sandbags on the tripod legs
Note: If the tripod legs are moved, you must obtain new readings.

Direction Readings
When to Obtain direction readings for all targets within your sector of fire except for
Obtain the FPL.
Readings
Note: The FPL needs no direction reading since the traversing slide is
positioned all the way to the left or right of the traversing bar to fire.
Procedure The following table lists the steps to obtain direction readings to targets.
Step Action
1 Loosen the traversing slide lock lever. Slide the traversing slide
along the traversing bar until the gun is laid on the center of a
point target or on either flank of a linear target.
2 Lock the traversing bar and read the direction reading from the
scale on the traversing bar as shown in the figure below.
3 If the left edge of the traversing slide
· Falls exactly on a 5 mil graduation (tickmark), that is your

direction reading.
· Does not fall exactly on a graduation, go to step 4.

Direction Readings, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 Move the left edge of the traversing bar slide back to the next
smaller graduation.
5 Use the traversing handwheel to complete the initial lay and record
the reading.
6 Add the mil readings obtained from steps 4 and 5.
Example The gunner centers the gun on a point target and finds the left edge of the
traversing bar slide falls between the 300 and 305 graduations on the
traversing bar. The gunner next
· Moves the left edge of the traversing bar slide back to the LEFT 300
graduations.
· Turns the traversing handwheel to return the muzzle of the gun to the
center of the target (left 3 clicks).
· Adds the readings together. 300 + 3, you obtain a reading of 303 mils.
Note: Since the gunner moved the muzzle of the gun to the right of center,
this is a right reading. The direction reading is right 303 mils.

Elevation Readings
Introduction After obtaining a direction reading, the next step is to obtain an elevation
reading. This reading is obtained from two scales.
Elevation The two scales used to obtain an elevation reading on the T&E are taken from
Scales the
· Engraved scale on the upper elevating screw plate. It is graduated in 50-

mil increments from –200 mils to +200 mils. The index line below each
number PLUS or MINUS sign above each number.
· Engraved scale on the top of the elevating handwheel. It is graduated in

1-mil increments for a total of 50 mils.

Direction Readings, Continued
Method For The following table lists the steps to obtain the elevation reading.
Obtaining
Elevation
Reading
Step Action
1 Estimate the range to the target and place the range on the sight.
2 Lay the gun on the center base of the target.
3 Lower your head until your eyes are on line with the top of the
elevating handwheel.
4 The first part of the reading is the number and the plus (+) or (-)
minus sign above the first visible index line.
5 Locate the graduation on line with the indicator this is the second
part of the number.
Example To place the elevation reading on the T&E, follow the steps in the table
below.
Step Action
1 Manipulate the elevating handwheel until the horizontal line is
below the number needed at eye level.
2 Turn the handwheel until the indicator shows the proper number.
An example reading is written as –50/3.
Note: An elevation reading is valid only on the T&E mechanism on which

the reading was originally obtained.

Lesson 2 E xercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 4. Check your answers against those listed at the
end of this lesson.
Item 1 Which of the following are the first two steps of the procedure for initially
positioning the traversing mechanism?
a. Slide the traversing slide so that the left edge is lined up with the index
line.
b. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body until the zero on the
scale is lined up with the zero index line.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body as far as it will go then
turn it two complete revolutions away from you.
d. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of your gun is centered in
your primary sector of fire.
Item 2 You are laying your gun in a defensive position. Your platoon commander
assigns you a final protective line (FPL) to your right, across the front of the
platoon battle position. When laying your gun, where do you lock the
traversing slide?
a. Lock the left edge on the zero graduation on the traversing bar.
b. Lock the slide on the graduation that indicates the direction of the FPL.
c. Leave the traversing slide unlocked.
d. Lock the traversing slide all the way to the left on the traversing bar.

Lesson 2 E xercise, Continued
Item 3 You are obtaining a direction reading. You have laid the gun on the center of
the target and locked the traversing slide. You look down on the traversing
bar scale and see that the left edge of the traversing slide is between the 230
and 235 graduation. Which of the following is your next step?
a. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to the 230 graduation.
b. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to the 235 graduation.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of your gun is centered.
d. Add the mil readings to obtain your direction reading.
Item 4 Which of the following is a step for obtaining an elevation reading?
a. Align the elevating handwheel with the zero index line.

b. Lay the gun on the center base of the target.
c. Unlock the traverse slide mechanism.
d. Place sandbags on the tripod legs.


1 c 7-10
2 d 7-11
3 a 7-13
4 b 7-15

STUDY UNIT 8
THE M136, 84MM HEAT LAUNCHER AND HIGH EXPLOSIVE
ANTI-TANK CARTRIDGE (AT-4)
Overview

Study Time
Unit Scope In this study unit, you will cover the characteristics, components,
employment, and capabilities of the M136, 84mm HEAT launcher and the
AT-4 anti-tank cartridge.

Objectives
· Identify the main characteristics of the AT-4.
· Identify the procedures for maintaining the AT-4.
· Identify the techniques for using the AT-4.
In This Unit This study unit contains the following lessons:
Topic See Page

Lesson 2 Operating Procedures 8-19
Lesson 3 Marksmanship Fundamentals 8-31
Lesson 4 Techniques of Fire and Range Determination 8-47
Lesson 5 Capabilities and Limitations 8-57


LESSON 1
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the mission and basic characteristics of the M136,
84mm high explosive anti-tank launcher (AT-4).

Objectives
· Identify the mission of the AT-4.
· Identify the capabilities of the AT-4.
· Identify the descriptive characteristics of the AT-4.
· Identify three safety devices that must be disengaged before firing.
· Identify the components of the AT-4 sights.
· Identify proper packaging for the AT-4.
· Identify markings for AT-4 packaging.

Topic See Page

Introduction 8-3
Components 8-7
Firing Mechanism 8-9
Sights 8-12
Packing 8-14
Marking 8-15

Mission The AT-4, as shown below, is used primarily against armored personnel
carriers; however, it can also be used against
· Battle tanks when it is fired at the side or the rear

· Bunkers
· Field fortifications
Capabilities The following table lists the capabilities of the AT-4.
Capability Limits
Muzzle Velocity 290 meters per second (950 feet per second)
Maximum Range 2,100 meters (6890 feet)
Maximum Effective Range 300 meters (985 feet)
Minimum Training Range 30 meters (99 feet)
Minimum Combat Range 10 meters (33 feet)

Descriptive The descriptive characteristics of the AT-4 are listed below:

Characteristics
· Lightweight. It is man-portable and is fired from the right shoulder.
· Self-contained.
· Free-flight, fin-stabilized cartridge packed in an expendable launcher.
· Issued as a round of ammunition.

· Requires minimum operator maintenance.
· The launcher serves as a watertight packing container for
transportation and storage.
· An anti-armor weapon.
· Supplements other organic anti-armor weapons.
· Provides anti-armor capability for the rifle squad and other units or
installations that do not have organic anti-armor weapons.
· Can be used offensively by assault and support elements.
Weight of The AT-4 complete system weighs 14.8 pounds.

Launcher
Technical Data The following table lists data that applies to the AT-4.
Dimension Measurement
Weight of rocket 4 pounds
Caliber of rocket 84 mm
Length of Launcher 40 inches

Components
AT-4 The gunner must be able to identify the major components of the AT-4. The
components are identified in the graphic below:
Transport The transport safety pin provides for safe transportation. A lanyard attaches it
Safety Pin to the AT-4.
Cocking Lever The cocking lever cocks the firing mechanism.
Firethrough The firethrough muzzle cover keeps out moisture and prevents foreign objects
Muzzle Cover from entering the muzzle.
Color Code The color code band indicates the type of cartridge.
Band

Components, Continued
Sights The AT-4 has two sights.
· The rear sight consists of a sight blade, range setting knob, range
indicator, 2mm peephole, and a 7mm peephole.
· The front sight consists of a sight blade, a center post, and right and left
lead posts.
Venturi The venturi:
· Protects the weapon from damage if it is dropped.

· Directs the flow of the backblast.
Forward Safety The red safety catch must be fully depressed and held before pressing the
(Red Safety trigger button or the AT-4 will not fire. It is also provided as a final safety
Catch) measure.
Red Trigger The red trigger button fires the weapon.

Button
Shoulder Stop The shoulder stop helps to stabilize the AT-4 on the shoulder.
Carrying Sling The carrying sling provides a means for carrying the AT-4.

Firing Mechanism
Components The firing mechanism is comprised of the

· Red trigger button
· Enclosed firing rod with firing rod spring

· Three safety devices
· Transport safety pin
· Cocking lever
· Forward safety
Red Trigger The red trigger button is located between the cocking lever and forward safety
Button as shown below.
Note: The weapon cannot be fired until all three safeties have been
disengaged.

Firing Mechanism, Continued
Transport The transport safety pin blocks the firing pin from striking the cartridge
Safety Pin percussion cap. To disengage the safety, pull it outward and release. See the
diagram below.
Cocking Lever The cocking leaver separates the firing rod and trigger to prevent accidental
firing.
To cock, push the lever forward and rotate it downward and to the right. This
will cause the firing rod to connect to the red trigger button as illustrated
below.

Firing Mechanism, Continued
Forward Safety The forward safety is on the front end of the firing mechanism. It blocks the
firing rod from striking the firing pin.
To disengage the forward safety, hold it down as shown below.

Sights
Introduction The AT-4’s front and rear sights resemble those of the M16-series rifle. This
feature makes it easier to hit targets with the AT-4.
Front Sight As shown in the picture below, the front sight consists of
· A sight blade (1) with a center post (2)

· Left and right lead posts (3)
· A semicircular white line (4) to help obtain the proper sight picture
Rear Sight As shown in the picture below, the rear sight consists of
· A sight blade (6)

· A range setting knob (7)
· A range scale (8) with a range indicator (12)
· Two peepholes (11)
· 2mm peephole (9) for normal light conditions
· 7mm peephole (10) for limited visibility

Sights, Continued
Opening the As shown in the picture below, to open the

Sights
· Rear sight cover. Press down on the sight cover and slide it forward.
· Front sight cover. Press down on the sight cover and slide it backwards.

Packaging
Packaging the AT-4s are individually wrapped in a plastic barrier bag and packed in wooden
AT-4 containers containing five AT-4s. The illustration below shows the packing
of AT-4 containers.
Note: Do not stack containers more than four deep on a pallet, as shown
below:

Marking
Introduction The AT-4 launchers are marked with color-code bands for proper
identification for use.
Markings of Each wooden container is marked on the two corners that shows
Container
· The color code for the type of round packed inside.
· The serial numbers and classification for each round.
Marking of The color-code bands that represent use of the AT-4 are listed in the table
Launcher below.
Bands Use
Black/Yellow High explosive anti-tank
Gold/Yellow Field handling trainer
(None) M287 9-mm tracer bullet trainer
Note: Early models have a sold black band to indicate HE anti-armor

rounds

Lesson 1 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 The primary mission for the AT-4 is to engage
a. tanks from the front.

b. low flying aircraft.
c. armored personnel carriers.
d. open artillery positions.
Item 2 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in of the AT-4?
a. 290 meters
b. 300 meters
c. 1,800 meters
d. 2,100 meters
Item 3 What are the descriptive characteristics of the AT-4?
a. Anti-armor weapon, air-cooled, gas-operated

b. Self-contained, air-cooled, gas-operated
c. Lightweight, self-contained, anti-armor weapon
d. Lightweight, blowback-operated, anti-armor weapon

Item 4 The purpose of the firethrough muzzle cover on the AT-4 launcher is to
a. indicate type of cartridge.

b. keep moisture out of tube.
c. provide codes for transporting.
d. keep the firing mechanism from firing.
Item 5 What are the three safety devices that must be disengaged before firing the
AT-4?
a. Red safety button, cocking safety lever, transport pin

b. Transport safety pin, red safety button, firing pin
c. Cocking lever, red trigger button, transport safety pin
d. Transport safety pin, cocking lever, forward safety
Item 6 Where is the range setting knob found on the AT-4 launcher?
a. Rear sight
b. Front sight
c. Neither sight
d. Both sights
Item 7 How deep, on a pallet, can you stack AT-4 containers?
a. 2
b. 6
c. 4
d. 8
Item 8 The color band used for the high explosive anti-tank cartridge is
a. red/yellow.
b. gold/yellow.
c. no band.
d. black/yellow.


1 c 8-5
2 b 8-5
3 c 8-6
4 b 8-7
5 d 8-9
6 a 8-12
7 c 8-14
8 d 8-14

LESSON 2
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to inspect, fire, and take appropriate procedures
when a misfire occurs on the AT-4.

Objectives
· Identify the steps for inspecting the AT-4.
· Identify the steps to fire the AT-4.
· Identify misfire procedures for combat using the AT-4.
Topic See Page

Introduction 8-19
Inspecting 8-20
Firing 8-21
Misfire Procedures 8-27

Inspecting
Introduction The AT-4 is issued as a round of ammunition rather than a weapon; therefore,
it is completely sealed, making it waterproof until fired. Inspection is limited
to the visual examination of the external components.
Procedure When opening the wooden container you should
· Remove plastic bag

· Visually inspect for obvious damage
The table below lists the components to be inspected.
Item Be sure that

Transport Safety Pin · It is in place and fully inserted.
· The lanyard is attached to the pin.
Cocking Lever · It is in the safe position.
· It is folded down.
Firethrough Muzzle It is intact.
Cover Note: If it is ruptured or torn, cut it out. Be sure the
muzzle does not contain foreign objects.
Sights The sights function properly by opening the sight
covers
· The sights pop up properly.
· The sights are not damaged.
Forward Safety It does not move when depressed.
Rear Seal · It is not cracked or damaged.
· No foreign objects obstruct the rear of the AT-4.
Shoulder Stop · It is not broken or damaged.
· It unsnaps.
· It folds down.
Carrying Sling · It is not frayed.
· It is attached firmly to the AT-4.
Body There are no
· Cracks
· Dents
· Bulges

Firing
Procedure The following table lists the steps to prepare the AT-4 for firing.
Step Action
1 Cradle the weapon by removing the AT-4 from the carrying
position with the left arm as shown in the picture below.
WARNINGS:
· Be sure to insert earplugs.

· Keep the weapon pointed towards the target.
· Keep the backblast area clear
2 Remove the transport safety pin by pulling it out with the right
hand and releasing it as shown in the picture below.

Firing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
3 Unsnap the shoulder stop and unfold it as shown in the picture
below.
4 Place the weapon on the right shoulder as shown in the picture

below.

Firing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
5 As shown in the picture below, release the
· Front sight
· Press down on the front sight cover

· Slide the cover to the rear
· Rear sight
· Press down on the rear sight cover

· Slide the cover to the front

Firing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
6 To cock the AT-4
· Unfold the cocking lever with the right hand.

· Place the thumb under the cocking lever.
· Push the cocking lever forward and then down to the right.
· Place the fingers in front of the firing mechanism for added
support.
· Let the cocking lever slide back as shown in the picture below.
CAUTION: Do not refold the cocking lever or it will interfere

with the firing mechanism.

Firing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
7 Make sure your backblast area is large enough and that it is free of
obstructions. Then, stabilize the weapon by pressing the shoulder
stop against the shoulder as shown below.
Note: For added stability
· Grasp the carrying sling near the muzzle with the left hand
· Pull back on the carrying sling until the shoulder stop is snug
against the shoulder
8 Adjust the rear sight. If the range to target is

· Under 250 meters--no adjustment is necessary
· More than 250 meters--adjust the rear sight range setting
To adjust the range setting, turn the range setting knob toward the
desired setting as shown in the picture below.

Firing, Continued
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
9 With your index and middle fingers on your right hand, hold the
forward safety down and to your left as shown in the picture
below.
10 Fire the AT-4 launcher by pressing the red fire button.
Note: Ensure you check the back blast area before firing.

Misfire Procedures
Causes A misfire is a complete failure to fire and may be caused by a faulty
· Firing mechanism
· Element in the propelling charge explosive train
· Forward safety not depressed far enough
While Training While training with the AT-4, should you encounter a misfire, follow the
steps provided in the table below.
Step Action
1 Immediately shout, “Misfire!”
2 Maintain original sight picture.
3 Release the forward safety.
4 Recock the launcher.
5 Press the forward safety all the way down.
6 Attempt to fire.
Failure to Fire After you have performed the misfire steps listed above and the weapon still
fails to fire, perform the steps below for disposal of the launcher.
Step Action
1 Shout misfire again.
Release the forward safety and move the cocking lever to the safe
2
(uncocked) position.
Take the AT-4 off your shoulder while keeping the muzzle pointed
3
toward the target.
4 Reinsert the transport safety pin.
Wait two minutes and then carefully lay the launcher on the
5
ground with the muzzle facing toward the target.
6 Dispose AT-4 launcher according to your unit’s SOP.

Misfire Procedures, Continued
During Combat If a misfire occurs during combat, perform the same steps as those performed
during training.
Failure to Fire In combat if the AT-4 fails to fire after performing misfire procedures
During Combat
· Break off the sights to identify the misfired launcher.
· Place on the ground (pointing toward enemy) and use another launcher.

Lesson 2 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Inspection of the AT-4 is limited to the
a. visual examination of the external components.

b. physical examination of all functional components.
c. firing mechanism only.
d. transport safety pin and sights only.
Item 2 The first step in the firing the AT-4 is to
a. press the red safety catch.

b. remove the transport safety pin.
c. cradle the weapon.
d. stabilize the weapon.
Item 3 The gunner released the forward safety while performing misfire procedures
on an AT-4. What is the next step the gunner must perform?
a. Shout misfire.
b. Recock the launcher.
c. Repress the forward safety.
d. Attempt to fire.


1 a 8-20
2 c 8-21
3 b 8-27

LESSON 3
MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the fundamentals of marksmanship of the AT-4.

Objectives
· Identify the proper distance between the right eye and rear sight when
aiming the AT-4.
· Identify the correct placement of the front sight lead posts when firing at
moving targets using the AT-4.
· Identify the “steady hold” technique for firing the AT-4.
· Identify the firing positions for the AT-4.
· Identify the backblast danger zones for the AT-4 in an infantry fighting
position.
· Identify the conditions a building must meet to allow firing an AT-4 from
inside.
Topic See Page

Introduction 8-31
Aiming 8-32
Firing 8-34
Firing Positions 8-35
Firing Considerations 8-42
Firing from Enclosures (Combat Only) 8-43

Aiming
Eye Relief To sight the AT-4, first determine the range to the target. Once you have
determined the range, place the AT-4 in position on the right shoulder so the
right eye is 2½ to 3 inches from the rear sight.
Sight Picture A correct sight picture is obtained when the sights are properly aligned and
the aiming point (target) is in the correct relationship to the front sight posts
as shown in the picture below. The sight picture includes two basic elements:
· Sight alignment
· Placement of the front sight lead posts

Aiming, Continued
Sight To obtain correct sight alignment, the sights must be aligned as shown in the
Alignment picture below. Ensure the proper sight alignment by looking through the rear
sight peephole and focus your eye on the front sight post. The top center of
the front sight posts are in the center of the rear sight peephole.
Note: The white line fits inside the bottom half of the 2mm peephole.
Placement of The table below outlines the placement of the front lead post in various
Front Lead conditions.
Post
Target Pace Direction Place the…

Stationary N/A Center post at the center of the visible
mass of the target.
Slow Any Center post at the front in the direction that
the vehicle is moving.
Fast (Greater Right Left lead post at the center of mass.
than 10 Left Right lead post at the center of mass.
MPH) Oblique Center post at the front in the direction that
the vehicle is moving.
Toward or Center post at the center of the visible
Away mass of the target.

Firing
Steady Hold When firing the AT-4, apply the “steady hold.” As the term implies, steady
hold is the technique of holding the AT-4 as steady as possible by
· Holding the AT-4 in a tight, comfortable position as shown in the picture

below so the AT-4 becomes a natural extension of the body.
· Grasping with the left hand, the carrying sling where it is attached to the
AT-4 near the muzzle.
· Holding down the forward safety with the index and middle fingers of the
right hand.
· Pulling on the carrying sling with the left hand and at the same time,
pulling back to the rear with the right hand. This helps to get the shoulder
stop fully seated into the pocket of the shoulder.
· Holding the elbows close to the body to aid in balance and control and to
counter jerking and flinching.

Firing Positions
Introduction The AT-4 is fired from the right shoulder only in the following positions
· Standing
· Kneeling
· Sitting
· Prone
Note: The exact position may vary slightly to allow for the shape of the
shooter's body with individual preference governing the selection of
the best position.
Standing The standing position, as shown in the picture below, is similar to the off-
Position hand position for firing a rifle and will expose you more than any other
position. Choose this position when firing from behind a protective barrier,
such as a wall or a fighting position.

Firing Positions, Continued
Standing To assume a proper standing position, follow the steps in the table below:
Position
Step Action
1 Raise the AT-4 about shoulder level, keeping the AT-4 pointed
towards the target while rotating your body under the AT-4 by
doing a half-left face.
2 Spread your feet a comfortable distance apart and place the AT-4
on your right shoulder. Your body should be balanced with the
hips level. Your left (non-firing) hand should be directly under the
front of the AT-4 grasping the carrying sling.
3 Place your left elbow against the body for stability.
4 Grasp the firing mechanism with your right (firing) hand and keep
your right elbow placed tightly against your body.
Note: This position is preferred to track moving targets. It allows you to

turn your body from the waist up and not move your feet.
Kneeling There are two satisfactory kneeling positions.

Position
· The first kneeling position, is similar to the kneeling supported position
for firing a rifle.
· The second kneeling position, is a modification of the first kneeling

position. This kneeling position is the best position for tracking moving
targets.

Modified To assume this position, look at the table below.

Kneeling
Position Step Action
1 Assume the standing position.
2 Kneel on your right knee and point your left leg towards the target.
3 Keep your left foot at a right angle and opposite your right knee,
forming a right angle to the ground with the left leg.
4 Sit back on your right heel while shifting your weight forward.
5 Rest your left elbow just forward of your left knee.
6 Hold your right elbow firmly against the body.

Basic Kneeling To get into this kneeling position, follow the steps below. Use this position to
Position engage moving targets.
Step Action
1 Assume the standing position.
2 Kneel on your right knee, keeping your thigh of the right leg
vertical. Keep your buttock and back straight.
3 Point your left leg towards the target, keeping your left foot at a
right angle and opposite your right knee.
4 Keep your left thigh parallel to the ground.
5 Keep your elbows tucked against your sides.
Note: Either kneeling position may be used when firing at stationary or

moving targets and the use of protective barriers and supported
positions are essential to increase stability and reduce vulnerability.

Sitting Position There are two sitting positions. The sitting positions are suitable for firing at
stationary targets and are more stable than the kneeling positions. The
modified sitting position is primarily used on downward slopes.
Modified To assume the modified sitting position, follow the steps listed below:
Sitting Position
Step Action
1 Keep the AT-4 pointed towards the target and execute a half-left
face.
2 Sit with your legs crossed and place the AT-4 on your right
shoulder.
3 Lean slightly forward from the hips and rest your elbows forward
of the knees to avoid bone-to-bone contact.

Basic Sitting To assume the basic sitting position, follow the steps listed in the table below.
Position
Step Action
1 Keep the AT-4 pointed towards the target and execute a half-left
face.
2 Sit with your legs partially extended and well apart and place the
AT-4 on your right shoulder.
3 Dig your heels in the ground to keep from sliding down.
4 Rest your elbows forward of the knees to avoid bone-to-bone
contact.

Prone Position This position is the most dangerous position due to its proximity to the
ground. Ideally, the ground should slope downward from the rear of the
launcher. This slope reduces the effects of the backblast.
Assume the To get into the prone position, follow the steps in the below table:
Prone Position
Step Action
1 Lay the launcher on the ground, pointed toward the target.
2 Lie on your stomach at an angle of not less than 90o to the line of
fire.
Important: Keep your body clear of the backblast.
3 Your body should be straight and your right leg should be

directly on a line running through your right hip and right
shoulder.
4 Move your left leg to the left as far as possible without
discomfort.
5 Keep both heels as close to the ground as possible with your right
eye lined up with the sights.

Firing Considerations
Infantry You can fire the AT-4 from the standard infantry fighting position. You must
Fighting ensure the venturi protrudes past the rear of the position to minimize the
Position danger to friendly troops due to backblast as shown in the picture below.
Backblast The area immediately to the rear of an AT-4 must not have walls, large trees,
Danger Zones or any other obstructions within 5 meters (Zone A) that can deflect the
backblast onto you, as shown in the dark shaded area in the picture below.
The backblast danger area (Zone B) is 60 meters deep with a 90o fan from the
rear of the weapon, as the picture below, should be free of personnel.

Firing From Enclosures (Combat Only)
Introduction Firing from an enclosure creates unique hazards. Leaders must consider
several factors that affect safety.
Considerations Fire from a building only when all of the following conditions are met:
· The building must be of sturdy construction.
· The ceiling must be at least 8 feet high.
· The room floor size must be at least 17 by 24 feet.
· There must be an opening of at least 20 square feet to the rear of the AT-4
for the backblast pressure to escape. An open door at least 7 feet high by
3 feet wide would provide adequate ventilation.
· All glass must be removed from the windows, and all loose objects
removed from the room.
· All Marines within the room must be forward of the backblast area of the
AT-4.
· All Marines in the room must protect their hearing with ear plugs when
the AT-4 is fired.
· The muzzle of the AT-4 must protrude 6 inches beyond the opening from
which the AT-4 will be fired.
Note: When employed in multistoried buildings, the AT-4 should be

positioned on upper levels for maximum coverage.

Lesson 3 Exercise
Study Time
Item 1 When aiming the AT-4, the right eye should be at a distance of _________
inches from the rear sight.
a. 2 to 3
b. 2 to 3½
c. 2½ to 3
d. 2½ to 3½
Item 2 While aiming at a slow moving vehicle (any direction), place the lead post of
the front sight
a. center post at the center of the visible mass of the target.

b. center post at the front in which direction the vehicle is moving.
c. left lead post at the front in which direction the vehicle is moving.
d. right lead post at the front in which direction the vehicle is moving.
Item 3 What technique is used to hold the AT-4 in a comfortable tight position?
a. Steady grasp
b. Steady hold
c. Standing
d. Sitting

Item 4 When engaging moving targets, what two firing positions are recommended?
a. Standing and prone

b. Prone and sitting
c. Sitting and kneeling
d. Standing and kneeling
Item 5 Backblast danger zone “B” has a 90-degree fan from the rear of the weapon,
is _______ meters deep, and free of personnel.
a. 30
b. 40
c. 50
d. 60
Item 6 When firing the AT-4 from inside a building, an open door at least ___ feet
high by ___ feet wide will provide adequate ventilation.
a. 7, 3
b. 8, 4
c. 10, 5
d. 11, 6


1 c 8-32
2 b 8-33
3 b 8-34
4 d 8-36/8-38
5 d 8-42
6 a 8-43

LESSON 4
TECHNIQUES OF FIRE AND RANGE DETERMINATION
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope Marines who fire the AT-4 must learn how to determine range and vehicle
speed to be successful in hitting their intended target.

Objectives
· Identify the methods of determining range.
· Identify how to estimate how far a vehicle moves in one second.
· Identify the different methods to engage targets using the AT-4.
Topic See Page

Introduction 8-47
Range Determination 8-48
Speed and Distance Estimation 8-49
Methods of Target Engagement 8-50

Range Determination
Introduction To be successful at hitting targets with the AT-4, we must first be able to
accurately determine how far the target is from us.
Methods The methods for determining range are listed below.
· Range finders
· Measuring the distance on a map
· Pacing (most desirable in defense)
· Using visual range estimation (least desirable)
Predetermined Any of the methods listed above may be used; however, range to expected
Range armor engagement locations should be predetermined and recorded on the
· Range card
· Squad sector sketch

Speed and Distance Estimation
Introduction The AT-4 is designed primarily for use against armored vehicles. Often these
targets are in motion, and accurate engagement depends on the your ability to
determine speed and range.
Speed The ability to determine speed is developed through constant practice. One
method of speed determination is to estimate how fast a vehicle moves during
one second. Start counting when the front end of the vehicle passes a chosen
object, shown in the black figure below. Count “one thousand one” (takes
one second).
IF… THEN…
More than half of the vehicle passes the object Estimate the vehicle as
shown in the outline figure below. being fast.
Less than half of the vehicle passes the object. Estimate the vehicle as
being slow.
Note: If you don't have an object to use to estimate how fast a vehicle is
moving, you will have to estimate the vehicle speed and determine if
the vehicle is moving slow or fast. Consider all oblique moving
vehicles to be slow and all flank moving vehicles to be fast.

Methods of Target Engagement
Introduction As leaders, we must think of how we are going to engage the target with the
assets available. This section covers the methods to engage targets with the
AT-4.
Single Firing In single firing, a Marine fires one AT-4 with no succeeding shots fired at the
target. Use this method only
· At short ranges (200 meters or less) when you have not determined
range to target
· When you have accurately determined the range to the target at ranges
longer than 200 meters
Note: Range determination and the fundamentals of AT-4 marksmanship

must be emphasized. Practice and test
· Sight alignment
· Steady hold positions
· Placing the AT-4 into and out of operation

Methods of Target Engagement, Continued
Sequence A shooter who is equipped with two or more AT-4s and engages the target
Firing must
· Inspect and prepare the AT-4s before firing them.

· Observe the impact of the first round and continue to fire until the target is
destroyed as shown in the illustration below.

Pair Firing In this case, two or more shooters equipped with two or more AT-4s engage
a single target and each shooter inspects and prepares several AT-4s.
· The first shooter announces the estimated range and the lead to be used
and fires.
· The second shooter observes the firing and announces a revised estimate
of the range and lead if the target is not hit.
Example: The first gunner who sees the target identifies it and announces:
“BMP, one five zero meters, fast target.”
Note: Each shooter continues exchanging range and lead information until
the target is destroyed as shown in the illustration below:
WARNING: Be sure each shooter is clear of the other’s backblast area.

Volley Firing On a prearranged signal, two or more firers engage a single target. This
method is desirable because more rounds are fired at a target at one given
time, increasing the probability of killing the target as shown in the
illustration below.
Note: You must determine the range to the target before firing.

Lesson 4 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Which of the following is the least desirable method of range determination?
a. Range finders
b. Pacing
c. Firing the pair and sequence method
d. Visual range estimation
Item 2 If less than half the vehicle passes an object in one second, the gunner can
estimate the vehicle speed as being
a. stationary.
b. slow.
c. fast
d. moderate.
Item 3 One shooter with two or more AT-4s can employ which method of target
engagement?
a. Single firing
b. Sequence firing
c. Pair firing
d. Volley firing


1 d 8-49
2 b 8-49
3 b 8-51


LESSON 5
CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS
Introduction
Study Time
Lesson Scope The AT-4 has greater penetrating power and after-armor effect than previous
light antiarmor weapons. Use of the AT-4 is not limited to armored vehicles;
it is also effective against bunkers and field fortifications.

Objectives
· Identify the ways armored vehicles can be destroyed using the AT-4.
· Identify the safety considerations for the AT-4.
· Identify the backblast danger zones of the AT-4.
· Identify the range firing precautions to be taken before firing the AT-4.
· Select the methods to tactically employ the AT-4.
Topic See Page

Introduction 8-57
Destroying Armor 8-58
Safety Considerations 8-60
Backblast Area 8-61
Range Firing Precautions 8-62
Tactical Employment 8-63

Destroying Armor
Introduction Armored vehicles have more protection on their front slopes, leaving them
more venerable on their sides (flank). Shooters should try to engage an
armored vehicle from the side or rear whenever possible. See the illustration
below.
Note: You should always aim center of mass hit on a target to allow for a
greater chance of a target hit.
Target Hits Hits on armored vehicles hits can be classified into the following groups:
· Mobility kills
· Firepower kills
· Catastrophic kills
Mobility Kill A mobility kill has occurred if
· The vehicle has stopped moving because a track or road wheel has been
blown off.
· The vehicle has been hit in the engine compartment.
Important: The vehicle is no longer mobile, but it can still return fire.

Destroying Armor, Continued
Firepower Kill The main gun cannot return fire because a hit in the turret has knocked out its
capability to fire.
Note: The vehicle can still move and can get away.
Catastrophic The vehicle can neither move nor return fire. For all practical purposes, it is
Kill destroyed.
Note: To get a catastrophic kill, shooters should be prepared to fire a second

or possibly a third shot to destroy the vehicle.
Visibility of When an armored vehicle is buttoned up, the crew’

Armored s visibility is restricted to around ten meters as shown in the picture below.
Vehicles This provides an opportunity for an armor killer team to approach the vehicle
with less risk of detection.
Obstacles Natural or manmade obstacles force a vehicle to slow down, stop, or

channelize the vehicle, increasing the shooter’s chance for a possible first
round hit.

Safety Considerations
Introduction Before firing the AT-4, the gunner must think about safety. Below are some
safety precautions that must be considered.
Safety Follow these safety precautions when using the AT-4.

Considerations
· Always observe the backblast area danger zones.
· Do not fire the AT-4 when temperatures exceed its operating limits of -40
to 140 degrees Fahrenheit.
· Do not engage targets closer than the minimum arming range. During
training, do not engage targets closer than 30 meters.
· Do not fire the tracer trainer device and tracer trainer cartridge at targets at
a range of less than 125 meters because of the possibility of ricochet. Use
wooden targets for stationary targets when possible.
· All personnel must wear hearing protection when the AT-4s are fired.
· Do not fire the AT-4 over the heads of friendly troops unless protection is
adequate against direct impact and other hazards.

Backblast Area
Introduction The AT-4 is a closed chamber weapon with a plexiglass baseplate at the rear.
When the weapon is fired, gas pressure builds up inside the chamber and
ruptures the baseplate. The gases exit the rear of the weapon in the form of a
backblast.
Blackblast Backblast can severely injure personnel and damage equipment. The total
backblast area extends 65 meters (216 feet) to the rear of the AT-4.
Danger Zones Clear the following danger zones before firing AT-4s:
· Danger Zone A
· This zone extends 5 meters immediately to the rear of the AT-4. It
must be absolutely clear of all obstacles.
· Clear away all obstacles, such as barriers, trees, or other vertical
objects because of the risk of debris ricocheting. Any obstacle behind
the shooter may deflect the backblast onto the shooter and cause
injury.
· Backblast heat or flying debris may injure the shooter and other
Marines in this zone.
· Danger Zone B. This zone extends 60 meters beyond danger Zone A in a

90-degree fan from the rear of the AT-4. Danger exists from backblast
heat and from flying debris thrown to the rear by the force of the
backblast. These debris and heat may cause injure to personnel and
damage equipment.

Range Firing Precautions
Precautions While firing on the range, follow these precautions.
· Before firing, clear the entire backblast area of all personnel, equipment,
and flammable material.
· Do not allow any personnel within 75 meters of the area behind the firing
line without permission of the range safety officer or officer in charge.
· Be sure that all shooters wear ear protection.
· Cover all AT-4s to protect them from prolonged exposure to direct

sunlight.

Tactical Employment
Who Marines who normally carry the M16A2 service rifle also carry and use the
AT-4. The AT-4 supplements other organic anti-armor weapons.
Offense In the attack, AT-4s should be readily available to influence the action
because of its relatively short range, spread the AT-4 throughout the
maneuver element.
Use the AT-4 primarily against armored vehicles, although you may also use
it against
· Light vehicles
· Bunkers
· Crew-served weapon positions
Defense In the defense, the AT-4 can play an important role in stopping the enemy.
Here are some considerations for the use of the AT4 in the defense.
· Consider the AT-4 backblast when selecting and constructing fighting

positions.
· Provide two or more AT-4s to positions that are assigned to fire AT-4s.
· Consider placing positions to achieve flank shots on enemy avenues of
approach.
· Dispersion should also be considered to increase the probability of
obtaining oblique fire on enemy armor approaching your defensive
position.
Other Because of its light weight, the AT-4 can be use against such targets as
Operations command posts, communication installations, and supply dumps and is an
excellent weapon for
· Combat patrols
· Ambush parties
· Raiding parties

Lesson 5 Exercise
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Armored vehicle hits can be classified into which three groups?
a. Track kill, firepower kill, turret kill

b. Turret kill, mobility kill, firepower kill
c. Mobility kill, firepower kill, catastrophic kill
d. Catastrophe kill, track kill, mobility
Item 2 Which of the following is a safety consideration to be observed before firing

the AT-4?
a. Impact danger zones

b. Venturi danger
c. Danger zone area
d. Operating temperature limits
Item 3 Backblast danger zone A extends _____ meters immediately to the rear of the
AT-4.
a. 5
b. 15
c. 30
d. 60

Item 4 When firing AT-4s on a range, the gunner needs to consider which of the
following?
a. Cover the AT-4s to protect them prolong exposure from direct sunlight.
b. Wear protective masks and double the backblast area dimensions.
c. Do not allow personnel within 70 meters behind the firing line.
d. Equipment and flammable materials are kept at least 50 meters behind the
shooter.
Item 5 The methods of tactical employment for the AT-4 are offense,
a. defense, and other operations.

b. defense, and tactical support.
c. tactical support, and special operations.
d. special operations, and fire support operations.


1 c 8-58
2 d 8-60
3 a 8-61
4 a 8-62
5 a 8-63

WEAPONS
REVIEW LESSON EXAMINATION
Review Lesson

Study Time
Introduction The purpose of the review lesson examination is to prepare you for your final
examination. We recommend that you try to complete your review lesson
examination without referring to the text, but for those items (questions) you
are unsure of, restudy the text. When you finish your review lesson and are
satisfied with your responses, check your responses against the answers
provided at the end of this review lesson examination.
Directions Select the ONE answer that BEST completes the statement or that answers
the item. For multiple choice items, circle your response. For matching
items, place the letter of your response in the space provided.
Item 1 A role for the M9 pistol is to provide
a. timely and accurate fire in a close combat situation.

b. a means of defense for personnel assigned the M249 SAW.
c. a means of defense for personnel assigned a crew served weapon.
d. close fire support for in a combat situation.
Item 2 What is the maximum effective range in meters of the M9 pistol?
a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
MCI Course 8017A R-1 Review Lesson Examination

Review Lesson, Continued
Item 3 What is the sixth step in the cycle of operation of the M9 service pistol?
a. Locking
b. Unlocking
c. Extracting
d. Ejecting
Item 4 What is the standard ammunition used for the M9 pistol?
a. Any 9mm cartridge

b. 9mm armor piercing NATO round
c. 9mm ball NATO M882
d. 9mm tracer NATO round
Item 5 After removing the magazine, what is the next step to clear the M9 pistol?
a. Lock slide to the rear

b. Inspect the chamber
c. Release the slide to go forward
d. Place the weapon on safe
Item 6 What is the second step when disassembling the slide group from the receiver
of the M9 pistol?
a. Depress the disassembly button

b. Inspect the chamber
c. Rotate the disassembly lever
d. Slide the assembly off the receiver track
Item 7 What are authorized cleaners/lubricants used on the M9 pistol?
a. RBC/CLP
b. LSL/LSA
c. CLP/LAW
d. RBC/LSL

Item 8 In extremely cold temperatures, ______ is used to lubricate the M9 pistol.
a. CLP
b. LAW
c. RBC
d. LSL
Item 9 In hot and humid environments, ________________ to prevent moisture and

rust.
a. inspect the M9 pistol daily

b. keep the M9 pistol muzzle and receiver covered
c. remove excess oil from the M9 pistol
d. keep the M9 pistol free of moisture and lubricate daily
Item 10 To assemble the M9 pistol, the steps are
a. the reverse of disassembly.

b. identical to disassembly.
c. only applicable to the first method.
d. only applicable to the second method.
Item 11 Identify the first step in performing a function check on the M9 pistol.
a. Retract slide to rear.

b. Insert empty magazine.
c. Ensure safety lever is in safe position.
d. Ensure safety lever is in up position.
Item 12 You are loading the M9 pistol. The first round from the magazine is
chambered when
a. the magazine catch is heard.

b. the slide is retracted to the rear.
c. the slide is released after it has been retracted to the rear.
d. you insert the loaded magazine into the magazine well.

Item 13 Where do you place your firing hand thumb when engaging targets with the
M9 pistol?
a. Resting alongside the weapon.

b. Wrapped along the pistol grip.
c. Alongside non-firing thumb.
d. Resting between middle finger.
Item 14 You are firing your M9 pistol and it fails to operate. What type of stoppage
has occurred?
a. Failure to extract.
b. Failure to fire.
c. Failure to chamber.
d. Failure to cock.
Item 15 The unhesitating application of a probable remedy when your M9 pistol fails
to fire without investigating the cause of the malfunction is defined as
a. stoppage.
b. immediate action.
c. an unintentional interruption in the weapon’s cycle of operation.
d. any unintentional interruption in the weapon.

Item 16 Use the following list to answer the question below.
1. Supplements other supporting fires

2. Destroys groups of enemy personnel
3. Provides close fire support in the assault
4. Supplements other organic anti-armor weapons
5. Destroys bunkers and fortified positions
6. Fires on enemy troops and automatic weapons in defilade
Which are the four capabilities of the M203 grenade launcher?
a. 1, 2, 4, 5
b. 2, 3, 5, 6
c. 1, 2, 3, 6
d. 1, 3, 4, 6
Item 17 When engaging a point target, what is the maximum effective range in meters
of the M203 grenade launcher?
a. 100
b. 150
c. 250
d. 350
Item 18 What type of M203 ammunition is used to engage enemy personnel armed
with automatic weapons and dug into fighting positions?
a. HE
b. CS
c. VT Frag
d. TP

Item 19 Below in scrambled order are the steps for clearing the M203 grenade
launcher. Put the steps in the proper order. Then answer the question.
1. Inspect the breech.

2. Slide the barrel assembly forward.
3. Depress the barrel latch.
4. Place the weapon on safe by lowering the safety.
Which is the correct sequence of steps for clearing the M203 grenade
launcher?
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 4, 1, 3, 2
c. 4, 2, 3, 1
d. 4, 3, 2, 1
Item 20 Which component of the M203 grenade launcher is removed first during
disassembly?
a. Leaf sight, barrel, handguard

b. Quadrant sight
c. Barrel
d. Handguard

Item 21 What is the only authorized lubricant for the M203 grenade launcher?
a. LAW
b. CLP
c. LSA
d. Dry cleaning solvent
Item 22 What is used to clean the bore of the M203 grenade launcher?
a. Thong, CLP, LAW, rag

b. Bore Brush, CLP, RBC
c. Rag, Bore Brush, RBC
d. Thong, rag, Bore Brush, CLP
Item 23 In a below freezing environment, what is the best thing to do with the M203
grenade launcher if you are going to be sleeping in a sleeping bag?
a. Keep the weapon in the sleeping bag with you.

b. Stage the weapon with a gear guard in a warming tent.
c. Keep the weapon with you but outside of the sleeping bag.
d. Disassemble the weapon, then bring it in the sleeping bag.
Item 24 You are assembling the M203 grenade launcher. Before sliding the barrel
assembly onto the receiver, you must first
a. depress the barrel stop.

b. tighten the mounting screw.
c. remove the leaf sight.
d. mount the quadrant sight.

Item 25 What area of operation is checked when performing a function check on the
M203 grenade launcher?
a. Safety and trigger

b. Barrel stop and latch
c. Both the safety and trigger and barrel stop and latch
d. Cocking and safety
Item 26 Which M203 grenade launcher firing method would you use to engage targets
at 200 meters?
a. Leaf sight and front sight post

b. Rifle sight
c. Quadrant sight
d. Hip-shoot
Item 27 To adjust the leaf sight to increase the range for the M203 grenade launcher,
use the adjustment screw to
a. lower the leaf sight.

b. raise the leaf sight.
c. center the rear sight.
d. align the rear and front sight.
Item 28 One notch of the M203 quadrant sight equals ___ meters at ____ meters.
a. 5; 100
b. 5; 200
c. 10; 100
d. 10; 200

Item 29 Suddenly, you realize that an ammunition casing is stuck in the breech of
your M203 grenade launcher. The stoppage that has just occurred is failure to
a. cock.
b. extract.
c. fire.
d. unlock.
Item 30 What is the first thing you should do if your M203 grenade launcher has a
misfire?
a. Execute “Tap, Rap, Bang.”

b. Open the breach, let the round fall to the ground. Load another round and
attempt to fire.
c. Shout “Misfire” and keep the weapon pointed down range.
d. Remove the round and examine it for a dented primer.
Item 31 Which of the following is the effective casualty radius in meters of the M203
grenade launcher?
a. 1
b. 5
c. 10
d. 15

Items 32 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the employment method
Through 34 from column 2 that best describes the employment situation in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
M203 Grenade Launcher Employment M203 Grenade Launcher

Situation Employment Method
___ 32. Destroys groups of enemy a. Offensive

personnel. b. Defensive
___ 33. Enables you to deliver fire over the
entire fire team sector.
___ 34. M16A2 rifle is employed until
suitable targets appear.
Item 35 Below is a list of capabilities. Select the capabilities that are applicable to the
M249 SAW. Then, answer the question.
1. Supports rear security and special missions

2. Supports the advance of the squad by fire in the offense
3. Provides a fixed, final protective line across the squad front in the defense
4. Supplements other supporting fires
5. Provides close and continuous fire in support of front-line rifle squads
6. Provides an increased volume of fire for a squad in the offense
7. Provides long-range, close defensive, final protective fires as part of the
squad's defensive lines
Which are the five missions applicable to the M249 SAW?
a. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7
b. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7
c. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
d. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7

Item 36 What is the maximum effective range of the M249 SAW in meters for an area
target?
a. 700
b. 1,000
c. 1,100
d. 3,600
Item 37 What are the principal characteristics of the M249 SAW?
a. Blowback-operated, air-cooled, belt-fed

b. Gas-operated, water-cooled, belt or magazine-fed
c. Gas-operated, air-cooled, belt- or magazine-fed
d. Recoil-operated, water-cooled, belt- or magazine-fed
Item 38 Below are listings of cycles of operations. Identify which list for the M249
SAW is correct.
a. Chambering, locking, feeding, firing, unlocking, ejecting, extracting,

cocking
b. Cocking, locking, feeding, chambering, firing, unlocking, extracting,
ejecting
c. Feeding, chambering, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting,
cocking
d. Unlocking, feeding, firing, locking, cocking, ejecting, extracting,
chambering
Item 39 Which of the following lists ammunition types used with the M249 SAW?
a. Ball, incendiary, tracer, blank

b. Ball, dummy, tracer, armor-piercing
c. Ball, tracer, dummy, blank
d. High explosive, tracer, dummy, blank

Item 40 Below in scrambled order are the steps for clearing the M249 SAW during an
emergency situation. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the
question.
1. Push safety to the left until red ring is visible.

2. Raise the feed tray. Inspect the chamber and remove any ammunition
there.
3. Push down on the magazine tab; remove the magazine.
4. Hold the cocking handle to the rear, depress the trigger, and ride the bolt
forward.
5. Charge the M249 SAW.
6. Lower the feed tray. Be sure the cover assembly is locked.
7. Push safety to right (safe).
Which is the correct sequence for clearing the M249 SAW?
a. 2, 5, 7, 3, 1, 4, 6
b. 3, 2, 5, 7, 6, 1, 4
c. 5, 7, 2, 3, 1, 4, 6
d. 5, 7, 3, 2, 6, 1, 4

Items 41 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the component of the
Through 44 M249 SAW from column 2 that is described by the function in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
M249 SAW Function M249 SAW Component
___ 41. Houses the firing pin and a. Piston

roller assembly. b. Receiver
___ 42. Transfers power from c. Slide
propelling gases to the bolt d. Gas cylinder
slide assembly to operate
the weapon.
___ 43. Locks the bipod in place on
the receiver and provides a
passageway for operating
gases.
___ 44. Supports all major
components and controls
the functioning of the
weapon.
Item 45 Which list correctly states some of the main groups of the M249 SAW?
a. Barrel, operating rod assembly, piston, buttstock and shoulder assembly,

bipod, trigger mechanism, receiver, gas cylinder
b. Slide, piston, barrel assembly, trigger mechanism, bipod, gas regulator,
handguards, operating rod assembly
c. Gas cylinder, operating rod assembly, barrel assembly, handguard, trigger
mechanism, buttstock, and shoulder assembly
d. Buttstock and shoulder assembly, slide assembly and bolt, gas regulator,
receiver, bipod, cocking handle, trigger mechanism, piston

Item 46 The bolt must be forward to prevent death or injury before removing which
assembly of the M249 SAW?
a. Operating rod
b. Buffer
c. Barrel
d. Trigger
Item 47 What is the preferred material for cleaning and lubricating the M249 SAW?
a. Rifle Bore Cleaner (RBC)

b. Cleaner, Lubricant, Preservative (CLP)
c. Gasoline
d. High pressure water
Item 48 What tool is used to clean carbon from the gas regulator on the M249 SAW?
a. Cleaning rod
b. Bore punch
c. Bore brush
d. Scraper tool
Item 49 For which of the following extreme conditions should you do the following
on an M249 SAW: Inspect the weapon frequently for rust. Keep the weapon
as moisture-free as possible. Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the weapon
more often. Use a generous coat of lubricant.
a. Hot, dry, and sandy

b. Cold, snowy, and icy
c. Cold, blizzard-like
d. Damp and salty air

Item 50 What is installed first in assembling the M249 SAW?
a. Gas cylinder
b. Handguard
c. Bipod
d. Cleaning equipment
Item 51 Below, in scrambled order, are the steps for performing a function check on
the M249 SAW. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the
question.
1. Place the fire/safe switch on S and depress the trigger.

2. Place the fire/safe switch on F and depress the trigger.
3. Pull the bolt to the rear and lock cocking handle forward.
Which is the correct sequence of steps for performing a function check on the
M249 SAW?
a. 1, 2, 3
b. 1, 3, 2
c. 2, 1, 3
d. 3, 1, 2
Item 52 The gunner for the M249 SAW can extend the legs of bipod when engaging
targets by
a. grasping the foot of each leg and pulling down.

b. holding the legs together and pulling down.
c. releasing the legs in the down position.
d. pulling down and away from the machinegun.

Item 53 What are the components of the rear sight assembly on the M249 SAW?
a. Windage knob and leaf elevation

b. Leaf windage and elevation knob
c. Hooded elevation and leaf windage
d. Elevation knob and windage knob
Item 54 You are firing your M249 SAW and you observe the strike of your rounds
impacting to the right of your target. What action would you have to take to
bring the strike of the rounds on target?
a. Turn the adjustment screw forward

b. Change your sight alignment
c. Move the windage knob backward (left)
d. Move the windage scale to the right
Item 55 When is the 30-round magazine authorized for use in the M249 SAW?
a. When reloading the weapon under fire

b. During an emergency situation
c. If the weapon fails to feed the ammunition belt
d. While applying immediate action during firing
Item 56 You apply immediate action on the M249 SAW when
a. a round is jammed in the chamber.

b. the weapon won’t charge.
c. there is a stoppage and you have not investigated the cause.
d. the last round is fired from the 200-round ammunition box.

Item 57 Which of the following states the role of the M240G?
a. Primarily provides automatic fire for the fire team in both offensive and
defensive operations
b. Provides close defensive, final protective fires in the defense, either by
using a final protective line or a principle direction of fire
c. Provides reconnaissance by fire on suspected enemy positions in either
offensive or defensive operations
d. Supports the infantryman in offensive and defensive combat by providing
a heavy volume of controlled and accurate fire beyond the capability of
individual small arms
Item 58 Which of the following is the maximum effective range to an area target in
meters for the M240G?
a. 700
b. 1,000
c. 1,800
d. 3,725
Item 59 What are the descriptive characteristics of the M240G?
a. Belt-fed, air-cooled, gas-operated

b. Belt-fed, water-cooled, gas-operated
c. Belt-fed, air-cooled, recoil-operated
d. Magazine-fed, air-cooled, blowback-operated
Item 60 Which is the correct sequence in the cycle of operation of the M240G?
a. Cocking, chambering, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting,

feeding
b. Firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting cocking, feeding, chambering,
locking.
c. Cocking, chambering, feeding, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting,
ejecting
d. Feeding, chambering, cocking, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting,
ejecting

Item 61 Which type of 7.62mm linked ammunition for the M240G can you use to
observe fire, create incendiary effect, signal, and mark targets?
a. Ball
b. Armor-piercing
c. Tracer
d. Dummy
Item 62 What is the first step in clearing your M240G after completing live fire
exercise?
a. Raise the cover.

b. Visually inspect the chamber.
c. Physically inspect the chamber with your finger.
d. Point the weapon down range or in a safe direction.
Item 63 Below in scrambled order are the steps for general disassembly of the
M240G. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the question.
1. Remove the trigger housing group.

2. Remove the barrel.
3. Remove the operating group.
4. Remove the receiver group.
5. Remove the buttstock.
Which is the correct sequence for general disassembly of the M240G?
a. 4, 3, 1, 2, 5
b. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1
c. 3, 4, 2, 5, 1
d. 2, 1, 5, 4, 3

Item 64 Below is a list of cleaning and lubricating materials. Use this list to answer
the question.
1. Cleaner Lubricant Preservative (CLP)

2. Rifle Bore Cleaner (RBC)
3. Turpentine
4. 3-in-1 oil
5. Dry cleaning solvent
Which are authorized for the M240G?
a. 1, 2, 5
b. 1, 4, 5
c. 2, 4, 5
d. 3, 4, 5
Item 65 Which is the proper maintenance schedule for your M240G after returning
from a field exercise?
a. Clean the gun immediately until all carbon and CLP is removed.
b. Clean and lubricate the gun for three consecutive days.
c. Clean and lubricate the gun weekly.
d. Let gun soak in CLP for five days, then clean and lubricate.
Item 66 What is the last part or group to be replaced during reassembly of the
M240G?
a. Barrel group
b. Buffer yoke
c. Buttstock
d. Trigger housing

Item 67 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps for inspecting
Through 72 the M240G in column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in
column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Correct Sequence Steps for Inspecting M240G
___67. a. Examine the rear sight

___68. b. Inspect the barrel socket chamber
___69. and bore for cracks
___70. c. Inspect the forward portion of the
___71. receiver rails and the face of the
___72. bolt
d. Inspect the safety
e. Inspect the bipod assembly
f. Inspect the cover
Item 73 The top of the front sight should be _________when the gunner correctly
align the sights for the M240G on a target.
a. to the left of the rear sight aperture

b. to the right of the rear sight aperture
c. centered in the rear sight aperture
d. flush with the bottom of the rear sight aperture
Item 74 While loading the M240G with the cover raised, which of the following
conditions should exist?
a. Bolt forward, safety on F

b. Bolt forward, safety on S
c. Bolt to the rear, safety on F
d. Bolt to the rear, safety on S

Item 75 What is the first step you must perform to clear the M240G?
a. Lift the feed tray cover.

b. Pull the bolt to the rear.
c. Clear the feed tray of ammunition.
d. Lift the feed tray and inspect the chamber.
Item 76 What is the proper setting for the T&E mechanism when you are field zeroing
the M240G?
a. Centered
b. At the far left of the traversing bar
c. At the far right of the traversing bar
d. Zero degrees magnetic
Item 77 The gunner must ________ when changing the barrel on the M40G mounted
on it bipod.
a. insert the cold barrel into the barrel socket and be sure it is fully seated
b. lock the barrel into the receiver with the barrel lock. Then, you may
continue the mission
c. lock the gun in position by the T&E mechanism and pintle lock
d. stabilize the gun by locking the buttstock into your right shoulder
Item 78 Which of the following conditions is considered a malfunction of the

M240G?
a. Defective ammunition
b. Failure to fire
c. Sluggish operation
d. Failure to feed

Item 79 What is a common cause for a runaway gun on a M240G?
a. Faulty ammunition
b. Failure to unlock
c. Worn parts
d. Improper loading
Item 80 What is the first step in immediate action you must take when a stoppage
occurs with the M240G?
a. Wait until the barrel cools to air temperature.

b. Observe the ejection port while pulling the bolt to the rear.
c. Lubricate the weapon, inspecting all parts.
d. Wait 5 seconds for a hangfire.
Item 81 What is the role of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Provides a high volume of fire, effective against lightly-skinned armored

vehicles, structures, and personnel
b. Supports the infantry in both the offense and the defense by providing a
heavy volume of accurate, long-range fire
c. Provides close defensive and final protective fires in the defense and
reconnaissance by fire on suspected enemy positions in the offense
d. Provides protection for any motorized movement
Item 82 What are the descriptive characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun?
a. Belt-fed, air-cooled, gas operated

b. Belt-fed, water-cooled, recoil-operated
c. Magazine-fed, air-cooled, blowback-operated
d. Belt-fed, air-cooled, recoil-operated

Item 83 What mount is the principal ground mount for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Vehicle mount
b. M3 tripod mount
c. M4 pedestal mount
d. M66 ring mount
Item 84 What type of round for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is used for light
armored vehicles, concrete shelters, and other bullet-resisting targets?
a. Ball
b. Tracer
c. Armor-piercing
d. Armor-piercing incendiary
Item 85 Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps for the cycle of
operation of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, cocking, feeding, chambering,

locking
b. Feeding, extracting, unlocking, chambering, cocking, firing, ejecting,
locking.
c. Feeding, cocking, chambering, locking, firing, ejecting, unlocking,
extracting
d. Feeding, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, chambering, cocking, locking,
firing
Item 86 To clear the M2HB machinegun, the gunner removes the ammunition, locks
the bolt to the rear, opens the feed cover and then performs what step next?
a. Inserts a cleaning rod down the barrel.

b. Inspects the T-slot in the face of the bolt and chamber.
c. Removes ammunition.
d. Places the machinegun in the automatic mode.

Item 87 The six steps for disassembling the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are listed
below in scrambled order. Place them in the proper sequence.
1. Remove the bolt group

2. Remove the drive-spring rod assembly
3. Remove the barrel extension
4. Remove the buffer body
5. Remove the backplate
6. Remove the barrel group
7. Remove the barrel buffer assembly
Which of the following is the correct order for disassembly of the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun?
a. 6, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 1
b. 6, 4, 7, 3, 1, 5, 2
c. 6, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7
d. 4, 7, 3, 6, 1, 2, 5
Item 88 What maintenance schedule should be followed for the M2HB machinegun
while conducting a seven-day field exercise?
a. Clean your machinegun after firing.

b. Clean your machinegun several times per day.
c. Clean your machinegun for three consecutive days.
d. Clean your machinegun at least daily.
Item 89 What type of cleaner would you use on friction-producing parts and on the
exterior of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. RBC
b. CLP
c. PL special
d. LSA

Item 90 When preparing an M2HB .50-caliber machinegun for inspection, set the
elevation for _______ meters and the windage to _____.
a. 500, 10 left
b. 750, 10 right
c. 1000, 0
d. 1500, 0
Item 91 During reassembly of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, after installing the
barrel extension and bolt?
a. Replace the barrel buffer group only.

b. Replace the T block.
c. Replace the drive spring.
d. Replace the barrel
Item 92 When should you perform a function check of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. After firing
b. Before disassembling
c. Immediately after assembling
d. During an inspection
Item 93 What is correct sight alignment for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. When the front sight blade is centered and halfway up in the rear sight
aperture
b. When the top edge of the front sight at the center base of the target while
maintaining sight alignment
c. When the front sight blade is at the bottom of the rear sight aperture
d. When the front sight blade is at the top of the rear sight aperture

Item 94 The two firing types for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are automatic
firing and
a. single shot mode.

b. three shot mode.
c. burst mode.
d. sniper.
Item 95 What are the two firing positions for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Kneeling, prone
b. Prone, sitting (legs folded or legs extended)
c. Kneeling, sitting (legs folded or legs extended)
d. Standing, prone
Item 96 Which is a definition of a malfunction of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Any failure of the gun to function satisfactorily

b. Uncontrollable automatic fire
c. Failure to function freely
d. Any interruption in the cycle of operation
Item 97 Which of the following is considered a stoppage on the M2HB .50-caliber

machinegun?
a. Failure to fire
b. Uncontrollable automatic fire
c. Twisted ammunition belt
d. Jammed trigger

Item 98 While applying immediate action to an M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, the

weapon fails to fire. What is your next step?
a. Clear the gun and inspect to determine the cause of the stoppage.
b. Attempt to fire again.
c. Re-lay on target.
d. Repeat immediate action.
Item 99 Which of the following states a capability of the MK19?
a. Provides protection for motorized movement

b. Provides a high volume of fire, effective against lightly armored vehicles,
structures, and personnel
c. Provides indirect fire against vehicles, personnel, and bunkers
d. Destroys enemy troops in defilade in support of infantry in the offense
and the defense
Item 100 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in meters against a
point target for the MK19?
a. 1,100
b. 1,500
c. 1,830
d. 2,212
Item 101 Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the cycle of
operation of the MK19?
a. Feeding, chambering, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting,

cocking
b. Cocking, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, feeding,
chambering
c. Feeding, chambering, firing, extracting, ejecting, cocking
d. Cocking, firing, extracting, ejecting, feeding, chambering

Item 102 Which of the following is the standard round far the MK19?
a. HEDP
b. HE
c. Practice
d. HEP
Item 103 The seven steps for clearing the MK19 are scrambled below. Place them in
the correct sequence to answer the question.
1. Open the top cover assembly.

2. Inspect the chamber and bolt face for ammunition.
3. Point the gun in a safe direction.
4. Place the safety switch to fire and ride the bolt forward. Return the
charger handles to their original position.
5. Place the fire/safe switch on the S position.
6. Lower and pull the charger handles slightly to the rear, allowing sufficient
space between the face of the bolt and the chamber for a visual inspection.
7. If ammunition is loaded in the gun, reach beneath the feeder and press the
primary and secondary positioning pawls. At the same time, slide the
linked rounds out of the feeder and feed tray.
Which of the following lists the correct order of steps to clear the MK19?
a. 6, 2, 1, 3, 7, 5, 4
b. 2, 7, 5, 1, 6, 4, 3
c. 3, 5, 1, 7, 6, 2, 4
d. 3, 7, 4, 1, 6, 5, 2

Item 104 The procedures for disassembling the MK19 are listed below in scrambled
order. Place the procedures in the proper order. Then answer the question.
1. Remove the top cover assembly

2. Remove the alignment guide and ogive plunger
3. Remove the feed slide assembly and feed tray
4. Remove the secondary drive lever
5. Remove the primary drive lever and vertical cam assembly
6. Remove the bolt and backplate assembly
7. Remove the sear assembly
8. Remove round positioning block and charger assembly
Which of the following lists the correct order of procedures for disassembling
the MK19?
a. 1, 3, 6, 4, 5, 7, 8, 2
b. 4, 1, 3, 6, 5, 7, 2, 8
c. 3, 6, 4, 1, 7, 8, 5, 2
d. 6, 2, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 2
Item 105 Which of the following cleaning and lubricating materials is the preferred
lubricant for the MK19?
a. Cleaner, Lubricant, Preservative (CLP)

b. Lubricant, Arctic Weather (LAW)
c. Lubricant, Weapons, Semi-fluid (LSAT)
d. Rifle Bore Clearer (RBC)

Item 106 Which of the following is the recommended order for assembling the MK19?
a. In the same order it was disassembled

b. Any random order
c. In reverse order of disassembly
Item 107 The following are steps that you, the operator, should check before you
conduct a function check on the MK19.
1. Feed slide assembly is all the way to the left

2. Bolt is forward.
Which step is missing in the list provided above?
a. Secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the feed slide pin.
b. Sights are zeroed.
c. Round is fully seated.
d. Slide the drive lever lock on the vertical cam forward.
Item 108 Which of the following types of mounts are used with the MK19?
a. M3 tripod mount, M49 bipod, M66 ring mount

b. M3 tripod mount, M2 heavy machinegun mount, HMMWV weapons
station
c. M64 cradle, M151 mount, M66 ring mount
d. M3 tripod mount and vehicle mounts

Items 109 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the function in column 2
Through 113 that matches the part on the MK19 sight assembly listed in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
MK19 Part MK19 Function
___ 109. Elevation wheel a. Sets the elevation.

___ 110. Sight frame b. Releases the sight frame.
___ 111. Plunger c. Adjusts the degrees of elevation.
___ 112. Aperture carrier d. Adjusts the windage.
___ 113. Windage screw e. Contains the graduated range indications.
Item 114 What is the first thing you must do to prepare to engage a target with the
MK19?
a. Adjust the T&E mechanism to obtain a sight picture on the target.

b. Affix the AN/TVS-5 night vision sight.
c. Estimate the range to the target.
d. Check the plunger.
Item 115 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for feeding the MK19 listed below,
which is the missing step?
1. ______
2. Insert the first round, female link first, into the feeder.
3. Push the round across the first pawl until you hear a “click.”
4. Move the secondary drive lever to the left and close the top cover.
5. Close the top cover.
a. Raise the top cover.

b. Clear the MK19.
c. Charge the MK19.
d. Sight in on the target.

Item 116 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for charging the MK19 listed below,
1. Grasp the charger handles.

2. Press the charger handle locks in and rotate charger handles down.
3. _______
4. Return the charger handles forward and rotate them up to the locked
position.
a. Close the top cover.

b. Ride the bolt forward.
c. Unlock charger handles.
d. Pull the chargers to the rear.
Item 117 In the sequence of steps for loading the first round onto the face of the bolt
into the MK19 listed below, which is the missing step?
1. Place the fire/safe switch on the F position.

2. Press the trigger.
3. _______
4. Return the fire/safe switch to the S position.
a. Open the top cover.

b. Aim in on target.
c. Charge the gun again.
d. Ride the bolt forward.

Item 118 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for firing the MK19 listed below,
1. Place the fire/safe switch in the F position.

2. __________
3. Press the trigger to fire.
a. Place your hands on the control grips with your thumbs on the trigger.
b. Pull the chargers to the rear.
c. Ensure that the top cover is closed.
d. Aim in on the target.
Item 119 Which are the two most common malfunctions of the MK19?
a. Runaway gun and sluggish operation

b. Dirt in the receiver and lack of lubrication
c. Failure to feed and failure to fire
d. Improper operation and an interruption in the cycle of operation
Item 120 Which of the following are the two most common types of stoppages of the
MK19?
a. Runaway gun and sluggish operation

b. Failure to feed and failure to fire
c. Improper operation and an interruption in the cycle of operation
d. Dirt in the receiver and lack of lubrication
Item 121 In combat, what is the first step in immediate action on the MK19?
a. Clear the gun and reload.

b. Clear the gun and conduct a function check.
c. Press charger handle locks and rotate charger handles down.
d. Wait 5 seconds for a possible hangfire, then attempt to fire again.

Item 122 What does the T&E mechanism allow you to do?
a. Engage armored vehicles at oblique angles.

b. Fire from unsupported positions.
c. Make a bipod-mounted gun fire more accurately.
d. Quickly and accurately shift to predetermined targets.
Item 123 Which part of the T&E mechanism allows you to adjust direction left and
right?
a. Upper elevating screw yoke

b. Upper and lower elevating screw
c. Traversing handwheel
d. Elevating handwheel
Item 124 From the list below, which of the following is the procedure for centering the
traversing mechanism?
a. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body until the ZERO on the
scale is lined up with the ZERO index line.
b. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of the weapon is centered
in your primary sector of fire.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body as far as it will go, then
turn it two complete revolutions away from you.
d. Slide the traversing slide so that the left edge is lined up with the index
line.
Item 125 You are assigned a final protective line to the right, across the front of a
platoon’s battle position. What would you do with the traversing slide to lay
the machinegun?
a. Lock the traversing slide all the way to the left on the traversing bar.
b. Lock the left edge on the ZERO graduation of the traversing bar.
c. Lock the traversing slide on the graduation that indicates the FPL.
d. Leave the traversing slide unlocked.

Item 126 You are obtaining a direction reading on the T&E. The M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun is on the center of the target. The gunner looks at the traversing
bar scale and see that the left edge of the traversing slide is between 210 and
215 graduation. What is the next step the gunner must perform?
a. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of the gun is centered.
b. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to 210 graduation.
c. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to 215 graduation.
d. Add the mil readings to obtain your direction reading.
Item 127 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for obtaining an elevation reading
listed below, which is the missing step?
1. Estimate the range to the target and set the sight to this range.
2. _________
3. Lower your head until your eyes are on line with the top of the elevating
handwheel. The first portion of this reading is the number and the plus or
minus sign above the first visible index line.
4. Look at the top of the elevating handwheel. The second portion of the
reading is the graduation on line with the indicator.
a. Place sandbags on the tripod legs.

b. Lay the gun on the center base of the target.
c. Align the elevating handwheel with the ZERO index line.
d. Unlock the traverse slide mechanism.
Item 128 In addition to its primary target, the AT-4 may also be used against
a. low flying aircraft.

b. open artillery positions.
c. bunkers.
d. personnel in an open field.

Item 129 What is the maximum effective range in meters of the AT-4?
a. 200 meters
b. 300 meters
c. 400 meters
d. 500 meters
Item 130 The main characteristics of an AT-4 are that it is a lightweight, _________,
anti-armor weapon.
a. gas-operated
b. self-contained
c. blowback operated
d. air cooled
Item 131 What is the caliber of the AT-4 rocket?
a. 74mm
b. 84mm
c. 94mm
d. 104mm
Item 132 The _______ keeps out moisture and prevents foreign objects from entering
the muzzle.
a. venturi
b. muzzle cap
c. color code band
d. firethrough muzzle cover

Item 133 The ________ is a safety that provides for safe transportation of the AT-4.
a. cocking lever
b. red safety catch
c. trigger safety
d. transport safety pin
Item 134 The ________ sight on the AT-4 has a sight blade, range setting knob, range
scale, and two peep holes.
a. front
b. barrel
c. rear
d. gun
Item 135 Do not stack AT-4 containers more than ____ deep on a pallet.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
Item 136 The color band used for the AT-4 practice round is
a. black/yellow.
b. gold/yellow.
c. blue.
d. red.
Item 137 What part of the AT-4 should you inspect to ensure there are no cracks, dents,
or bulges?
a. Body
b. Rear seal
c. Firethrough muzzle cover
d. Color code band

Item 138 The last safety to be disengaged before firing is the
a. transport safety pin.

b. cocking lever.
c. forward safety.
d. trigger safety.
Item 139 The common causes for a misfire on the AT-4 are the a faulty fire
mechanism, _____________, and element in the propelling charge explosive
train.
a. forward safety not depressed far enough

b. firing pin
c. cocking lever
d. rear safety pin
Item 140 When aiming the AT-4, the eye relief should be ___ to ___ inches.
a. 1, 3
b. 2, 2½
c. 2½, 3
d. 2½, 3½
Item 141 The placement of the front sight posts is primarily determined by the
a. distance to the target.

b. speed of the target.
c. level of visibility.
d. angle of the target.
Item 142 The technique that should be applied when firing the AT-4 is the
a. steady hold.
b. supported kneeling.
c. supported prone.
d. steady squeeze.

Item 143 Which firing position for the AT-4 is preferred to track moving targets?
a. Standing
b. Basic kneeling
c. Modified kneeling
d. Modified sitting
Item 144 The backblast danger zone A extends for how many meters?
a. 5
b. 15
c. 30
d. 60
Item 145 What is the minimum size of a room that an AT-4 can be fired from?
a. 10 feet by 10 feet
b. 12 feet by 10 feet
c. 15 feet by 15 feet
d. 17 feet by 24 feet
Item 146 The most desirable way to determine range to possible engagement points in
the defense is by
a. map estimation.
b. visual estimation.
c. pacing the distance.
d. measuring with a M203 round.
Item 147 If a vehicle is moving at an oblique to your position, you consider its speed to
be
a. slow.
b. stationary.
c. fast.
d. medium.

Item 148 What is the best method to use to engage a single target at a known distance?
a. Single firing
b. Sequence firing
c. Pair firing
d. Volley firing
Items 149 Matching: In the space provided place the letter of the definition from
Through 151 column 2 that identifies the armor destruction term for the AT-4 in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Armor Destruction Term Definition
___ 149. Mobility kill a. Only the main gun of a vehicle

can not return fire
___ 150. Fire power kill b. The vehicle is completely
destroyed
___ 151. Catastrophic kill c. The vehicle can not move, but it
can return fire
Item 152 Do not fire the AT-4 when temperatures exceed its operating limits of ___ to
____ degrees Fahrenheit.
a. -20/120
b. -30/130
c. -40/140
d. -50/150

Item 153 Backblast danger zone “B” extends _____meters in a ____degree fan behind
the weapon.
a. 5, 45
b. 5, 90
c. 60, 45
d. 60, 90
Item 154 When constructing a fighting position for AT-4's, consider
a. backblast.
b. depth of position.
c. storage for AT-4's
d. obtaining frontal fires on the enemy.

Review Lesson Solutions
Answers The table below provides the answers to the review lesson items. If you have
any questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.

1 a 1-4
2 c 1-6
3 c 1-7
4 c 1-8
5 a 1-12
6 c 1-15
7 c 1-18
8 b 1-18
9 a 1-20
10 a 1-26
11 b 1-30
12 c 1-31
13 a 1-33
14 b 1-36
15 b 1-37
16 c 2-4
17 b 2-5
18 a 2-7
19 d 2-14
20 b 2-15
21 b 2-17
22 d 2-17-2-18
23 c 2-19
24 a 2-25
25 c 2-26
26 a 2-30
27 b 2-31
28 b 2-33
29 b 2-41
30 c 2-42
31 b 2-43
32 a 2-43
33 b 2-44

Review Lesson Solutions, Continued
Answers,
continued

34 a 2-44
35 a 3-4
36 b 3-6
37 c 3-8
38 c 3-9
39 c 3-10
40 d 3-19/3-20
41 c 3-20
42 a 3-20
43 d 3-20
44 b 3-20
45 c 3-21
46 a 3-21
47 b 3-29
48 d 3-31
49 d 3-33
50 c 3-40
51 d 3-47
52 a 3-48
53 d 3-52
54 c 3-58
55 b 3-55
56 c 3-60
57 d 4-4
58 c 4-6
59 a 4-6
60 b 4-7
61 c 4-9
62 d 4-20
63 d 4-23
64 a 4-34
65 b 4-36
66 a 4-39
67 f 4-44
68 d 4-44

Answers,
continued

69 c 4-44
70 b 4-44
71 e 4-44
72 a 4-44
73 c 4-54
74 d 4-55
75 b 4-57
76 a 4-58
77 d 4-59
78 c 4-60
79 c 4-60
80 d 4-61
81 b 5-5
82 d 5-9
83 b 5-10
84 c 5-13
85 a 5-14/15
86 b 5-21
87 c 5-22
88 d 5-29
89 d 5-29
90 c 5-31
91 c 5-36
92 c 5-41
93 a 5-54
94 a 5-56
95 b 5-58
96 a 5-60
97 a 5-61
98 d 5-63
99 b 6-4

Answers,
continued,
continued

100 b 6-5
101 a 6-7
102 a 6-8
103 c 6-16
104 b 6-18
105 c 6-27
106 c 6-34
107 a 6-43
108 d 6-44
109 c 6-51
110 e 6-51
111 b 6-51
112 a 6-51
113 d 6-51
114 c 6-52
115 b 6-53
116 d 6-54
117 c 6-54
118 a 6-55
119 a 6-56
120 b 6-57
121 c 6-58
122 d 7-4
123 c 7-5
124 c 7-10
125 a 7-11
126 b 7-13

Answers,
continued

127 b 7-15
128 c 8-5
129 b 8-5
130 b 8-6
131 b 8-6
132 d 8-7
133 d 8-9
134 c 8-12
135 c 8-14
136 b 8-15
137 a 8-20
138 c 8-26
139 a 8-27
140 c 8-32
141 b 8-33
142 a 8-34
143 a 8-34
144 a 8-42
145 d 8-43
146 c 8-48
147 a 8-49
148 d 8-53
149 c 8-58
150 a 8-59
151 b 8-59
152 c 8-60
153 d 8-61
154 a 8-63

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Discussion of each weapon includes its

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017 i Course Introduction

Table of The following is a table of contents for this course.

Study Unit Title Page

Continued on next page

Step When you Then you will For more

Publication Number Title

MCI Course 8017 iii Course Introduction

MCI Course 8017 iv Course Introduction

Estimated 1 hour, 35 minutes

Learning After completing this unit, you should be able to

· Identify the procedures for maintaining the M9 pistol.

· Identify the techniques for using the M9 pistol.

Topic See Page

MCI Course 8017A 1-1 Study Unit 1

MCI Course 8017A 1-2 Study Unit 1

Learning After completing this lesson, you should be able to

· Identify the principal characteristics of the M9 pistol.

· Identify the steps in the cycle of operation of the M9 pistol.

· Identify the standard type of ammunition for the M9 pistol.

In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

MCI Course 8017A 1-3 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

· The M9 pistol as their primary weapon

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017A 1-4 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

Item Weight (lbs)

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017A 1-5 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

Item Length (in inches)

Type of Range Range (in meters)

MCI Course 8017A 1-6 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

Step Action Description

MCI Course 8017A 1-7 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

Caution: Do not fire

· Heavily corroded or dented cartridges

MCI Course 8017A 1-8 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1

Directions Complete exercise items 1 through 4 by performing the action required.

Item 1 The M9 pistol provides

a. rapid, accurate fire in long-range situations.

Item 4 What is the standard ammunition used for the M9 pistol?

a. Any 9mm cartridge

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017A 1-9 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Exercise

Item Number Answer Reference Page

MCI Course 8017A 1-10 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Exercise

Learning After completing this lesson, you should be able to

· Identify the steps to disassemble the M9 pistol.

· Identify the cleaner/lubricant used on the M9 pistol.

In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics.

Topic See Page

MCI Course 8017A 1-11 Study Unit 1, Lesson 2

2 Remove the magazine by pressing the magazine release button in.

MCI Course 8017A 1-12 Study Unit 1, Lesson 2

Component The diagram below shows the components of the M9 pistol.

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017A 1-13 Study Unit 1, Lesson 2

Continued on next page

MCI Course 8017A 1-14 Study Unit 1, Lesson 2

Continued on next page