LAKAS SAMBAYANAN - People Power

Video guide Questions

Directions: Fill in the answers to the questions as the video goes along. If you miss an answer, the videos can be found on the class blog, so you can review the parts you missed. The time markings beside each question indicate the point in the video at which that topic comes up. PART 1 2:15 - Who is EDSA named for?

3:00 - The February 1986 EDSA Uprising in the Philippines led to other revolutionary movements. What other states followed the Filipino lead?

6:40 - An important moment in Filipino history began on January 26, 1970. It was called the: F_____________________________ Q_____________________________ S_____________________________ 8:00 - As with many revolutionary movements, the first to speak out were university students. What were some of the symptoms that angered Filipino students?

9:22 - Explain the events that took place near Malacaang Palace on January 30, 1970.

PART 2

2:50 - Following the First Quarter Storm of 1970, things got worse for Marcos. What were some symptoms that made people unhappy? Read the newspaper headlines.

5:10 - in June, 1971, a very important Philippine governmental event was held - what was the name of this event?

What was Ferdinand Marcos attempting to do by holding this event?

8:10 - What did Marcos do in response to the bombing in Plaza Miranda?

8:30 - Name the two Filipino senators who were the strongest critics of the Marcos government. 1. _____________________________________ 2. _____________________________________ 9:20 - What happened on September 23, 1972 that makes it a significant day in Filipino history?

9:49 - What was Marcos main source of strength in the Philippines?

10:05 - Explain some of the occurrences in the Philippines under martial law?

Critical Thinking - How might Marcos have kept the military loyal to him?

PART 3 0:01 - Explain some of the positive benefits that came with martial law.

1:29 - In order to carry out the order and discipline Marcos wanted in his new society, his government resorted to human rights violations. What were some of these?

4:30 - After the declaration of martial law in 1972, Marcos thought 1973 would be a good time to try again to change the Philippine government from a presidential to a parliamentary system. Why do you think he decided to try this again after it had been voted down in 1971?

5:55-7:10 - After the Marcos Constitution made it through the Constitutional Convention of 1973, it still had to be approved by the Filipino people. Explain how Marcos got it to pass.

Critical Thinking - During the period of martial law, crime dropped to an all-time low in the Philippines. Why do you think this happened? Critical Thinking - By implementing martial law, Marcos essentially became a dictator, so why did he even bother to have an election on the new constitution? Critical thinking - During the period of martial law, it became difficult for many Filipinos to really know what was happening in their own country. Why do you think this was the case?

PART 4 0:35-3:13 - In addition to individual Filipino citizens protesting against the Marcos government, there were militant rebel groups fighting against Marcos. Name the main two groups.

4:30 - In early 1978, six years into martial law, Marcos was feeling good about his power. What were some events that caused him to feel this way?

5:55 - At this point, the video says Marcos needed to make his rule seem, legal and legitimate in accordance with democratic processes. To whom did Marcos need to make it seem this way?

6:30 - In 1978, Marcos decided to hold the first elections under martial law. Even though it was known Marcos would win through corruption, the LABAN party decided to run in the elections. Who was LABANs candidate, and what was unusual about this candidate running for office?

6:46 - Explain the new form of protest that came to Metro Manila on April 6, 1978.

9:30 - Beginning in 1978, what organization became more critical of the Marcos?

Critical Thinking - What was Marcos trying to accomplish by having Ninoy Aquino sentenced at the same time as two known Communist rebels?

PART 5 4:00 - What convinced Marcos to release Ninoy Aquino from prison at Fort Bonifacio?

4:50 - When Marcos held a Presidential election in 1981, what was the outcome?

6:05 - In addition to all the problems his government was facing in 1981, what personal problem did Marcos now face?

9:35 - Following Ninoy Aquinos death on August 21, 1983, what new form of protest was used in the Philippines? Who was involved in this protest that made it much different than previous student-led movements at university campuses?

Critical Thinking - If you were in Ninoy Aquinos place - beloved by millions of Filipinos as the one hope to improve your home country, but also facing a risk of death - would you have returned to the Philippines? Justify your answer. Critical Thinking - How did the assassination of Ninoy Aquino change the outlook of Filipinos?

PART 6 1:55 - What became the symbolic color of protest in the Philippines? 3:55 - In May of 1984, Marcos held elections for the National Assembly. How did the opposing political parties respond? Why did they make this decision?

7:20 - Despite the many known human rights violations committed by the Marcos regime, the United States was a constant Marcos ally during his rule, but this began changing in 1984. What was the United States highly concerned about?

8:30 - On November 3, 1985, Ferdinand Marcos, faced with criticism from his long-time ally - the US - and many international organizations, made a decision that would result in his undoing. What did he announce on this date?

Critical Thinking - At one point in the video, a speaker mentions that, Marcos was really the primary recruiter for the Communists. What does this mean, especially since the Marcos government was fighting against the Communists?

PART 7 0:55 - Though many opposition groups again decided to boycott the 1986 elections (as in 1984), not all did. Who emerged as the primary opponent to Ferdinand Marcos in these elections?

1:15 - The candidates in the Philippine Presidential Election of 1986 were: LABAN: President ________________________ Vice President ___________________ KBL: President _________________________ Vice President _____________________ 2:40 - What was the official outcome of this election?

4:20 - Despite losing the election, how did Cory Aquino keep the opposition movement alive?

4:55 - On February 22, 1986, what event took place that began the crisis stage of the Philippine People Power Revolution?

7:00 - How did Filipinos respond between February 22-25, 1986 to the call from Cardinal Sin to support the rebel soldiers at Camp Crame?

Critical Thinking - Though the Philippine People Power Revolution went through all four revolutionary stages (symptoms, rising fever, crisis, convalescence) - it was really the crisis stage that made it remarkable. What was different about the crisis stage of this revolution as compared to the crisis stage of most revolutions (for example, Syria)?