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BAI M AU: GII THIEU MOT SO KH CU IEN C BAN

1. Muc ch, yeu cau: - Giup hoc sinh nhan biet c cac loai kh cu ien ieu khien, hieu nguyen ly hoat ong va cach van hanh. - Sau khi hoc song, hoc sinh biet s dung thanh thao ung theo yeu cau ky thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: Cac loai kh cu ien ieu khien. 3. NOI DUNG: 3.1. Nut Nhan: - Moi nut nhan mang mot ten goi, ten goi thong thng c at tuy y va nen s dung ten goi theo nhiem vu, e de nhan biet trong qua trnh s dung. 3.1.1. Nut nhan thng m (NO). 3.1.1.1. ky hieu va cach viet:
3

TEN GOI

4 Hnh 1: Ky hieu nut nhan NO

- Theo hnh ve, nut nhan NO co 2 chan va c ky hieu bang hai ch so la 3 va 4. 3.1.1.2. Nguyen ly hoat ong. Khi tac ong vao nut nhan (An vao), th 3-4 c noi tat, khi het tac ong th 3-4 c tr ve trang thai ban au (h ra).

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3.1.2. Nut nhan thng ong (NC). 3.1.2.1. ky hieu va cach viet:
1

TEN GOI

2 Hnh 2: Ky hieu nut nhan NC

Theo hnh ve, nut nhan NC co 2 chan va c ky hieu bang hai ch so la 1 va 2. 3.1.2.2. Nguyen ly hoat ong. Khi tac ong vao nut nhan (An vao), th 1-2 c h ra, khi het tac ong th 1-2 c tr ve trang thai ban au (noi nhau). 3.1.3. Nut nhan kep (NC). 3.1.3.1. ky hieu va cach viet:
TEN GOI

Hnh 3: Ky hieu nut nhan kep

Theo hnh ve, nut nhan NC co 4 chan va c ky hieu bang bon ch so la 12 va 3-4. 3.1.3.2. Nguyen ly hoat ong. Khi tac ong vao nut nhan (An vao), th 1-2 c h ra, 3-4 ong lai. Khi het tac ong th 1-2 va 3-4 c tr ve trang thai ban au.

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3.2. CONTACTOR. 3.2.1. Cau tao: Cau tao cua Contactor a c hoc trong mon Kh Cu ien, trong mon hoc nay khong trnh bay chi tiet. Ch trnh bay nhng nhng ky hieu va phan lien quan en thc hanh. Contactor co nhieu hnh dang khac nhau tuy theo model cua nhieu hang san xuat khac nhau. Thong thng moi contactor co ba tiep iem chnh, va mot hoac hai cap tiep iem phu NC va NO. Ngoai ra, contactor con co the gan them nhieu tiep iem phu NC va NO 3.2.2. Ky hieu va cach viet: a. Cuon HUT (coil)
A1
TEN GOI

A2 Hnh4: Ky hieu cuon hut contactor

Cuon hut cua contac tor co hai chan, co ien tr khoang vai tram ohm, va c ky hieu la A1 va A2 b. Ky hieu tiep iem chnh
1 3 5

TEN GOI

Hnh 5: Ky hieu bo tiep iem chnh Contactor

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Ba tiep iem chnh luon c ky hieu bang sau ch so nh hnh tren. Ngoai ra, co the c ky hieu bang sau CH CAI khac nhau, tuy theo model va nha san xuat khac nhau nh sau: Ba so (1,3,5) co the c thay the bang ba ch cai (T1,T3,T5) hoac (R,S,T) hoc (L1, L2 , L3). Ba so (2,4,6) co the c thay the bang ba ch cai (T2, T4,T6 hoac (U,V,W) Ten goi cua ba tiep iem chnh phai cung ten vi ten goi cua cuon hut contactor. c. Ky hieu tiep iem phu NC va NO. Tiep iem NC co hai chan, va c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 11 va 12. Neu trong contactor co nhieu tiep iem NC, th th t cac tiep iem se c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 21-22, 31-32v.v
13 TEN GOI 14 11 TEN GOI 12

a Hnh 6a: Ky hieu tiep iem NO cua Contactor

b Hnh 6b: Ky hieu tiep iem NC cua Contactor

Tiep iem NO co hai chan, va c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 13 va 14. Neu trong contactor co nhieu tiep iem NO, th th t cac tiep iem se c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 23-24, 33-34v.v Ten goi cua tiep iem phai cung ten vi ten goi cua cuon hut contactor. V du: Muon noi tiep iem phu NC th nhat cua contactor ten KM1, ta goi la tiep iem (11-12)KM1, Muon noi tiep iem phu NC th hai cua contactor ten KM1,

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ta goi la tiep iem (21-22)KM1, Muon noi tiep iem phu NO th hai cua contactor ten KM1, ta goi la tiep iem (23-24)KM1 d. Chc nang cua cac tiep iem Tiep iem chnh co chc nang ong cat ien cho tai tieu thu (c au noi tiep vi tai, hay con goi la c s dung ben mach ong lc). Tiep iem phu NC va NO co chc nang tham gia trong qua trnh ieu khien ong cat ien cho Cuon Hut. Nen c s dung ben mach ieu khien. e. V tr cac CHAN tren Contactor.

A1 A2 1 3 5

23 21 22 24 2 4

13 11 12 14 6

Hnh 7: V tr chan cua contator

3.3. R le nhiet (OVERLOAD) La loai kh cu ien bao ve qua tai co ieu chnh. Thong thng R-Le nhiet se c s dung kem theo Contactor, co thong so tng thch va cung hang san xuat vi Contactor. R-Le nhiet bao gom hai phan chnh la bo phan ot nong va tiep iem bao ve.

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Co hai tiep iem bao ve: Tiep iem NO va NC 3.3.1. Ky hieu bo phan ot nong: - Bo phan ot nong cua R-Le nhiet co sau chan, va c ky hieu tren cac chan giong ngh 3 tiep iem chnh cua Contactor.
1 3 5

Hnh 8: Ky hieu bo phan ot nong R-Le nhiet

3.3.2. Ky hieu tiep iem bao ve

95 Ten Goi 96 Hnh 9a: Tiep iem NC cua r-Le nhiet cua R-Le nhiet Ten Goi 98 Hnh 9b: Tiep iem NO cua r-Le nhiet cua R-Le nhiet 97

Tiep iem NC cua R-Le nhiet co 2 chan, va c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 95-96. Tiep iem NO cua R-Le nhiet co 2 chan, va c ky hieu bang hai cap ch so 97-98. 3.3.3. Nguyen tac hoat ong. Hai bo phan ot nong va tiep iem bao ve nay co lien quan mat thiet vi nhau. Bo phan ot nong c au noi tiep vi tai (hay con goi la s dung ben mach ong lc).

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Tiep iem bao ve c s dung e cat nguon mach ieu khien va mach bao s co. Khi dong ien qua bo phan ot nong b vt qua nh mc, th hai tiep iem bao ve se b oi trang thai. Luc o se cat nguon mach ong lc, va ong nguon cho mach bao s co. Khi het s co, ta phai nhan nut Reset tren R-Le nhiet e cho 2 tiep iem NC va NO cua R-Le nhiet tr ve trang thai ban au. 3.4. R-Le thi gian Loai R-Le nay a c hoc trong mon hoc kh cu ien, nen trong phan nay khong nhac lai. Trong phan nay ch trnh bay v tr chan tren E cua R-Le. Muc ch s dung rle thi gian la e em thi gian chuyen mach. 3.4.1. S o Chan tren e cua Rle thi gian
6 5 4 3

Hnh 10: V tr chan tren e R-Le thi gian

3.4.2. Tiep iem - Rle co tam chan. Trong o: Hai chan 2-7 la ni cap nguon cho Rle. Ba chan 8-5 va 8-6 la mot bo tiep iem kep.

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oi vi loai ON DELAY th 8-5 la thng ong m cham, 8-6 la thng h ong cham. oi vi loai OFF DELAY th 8-5 la thng ong ong cham, 8-6 la thng h m cham. Ba chan 1-3 va 1-4 la mot bo tiep iem kep. Trong o 1-3 la thng ong, 1-4 la thng h. Co nhng loai ba chan 1-3 va 1-4 co chc nang giong nh ba chan 8-5 va 86.
6 5 6 5

Hnh 11a: Ky hieu Tiep iem cua rle thi gian loai ON DELAY

Hnh 11b: Ky hieu Tiep iem cua rle thi gian loai OFF DELAY

3.5. R-Le trung gian R-Le nay a c hoc trong mon hoc kh cu ien, nen trong phan nay khong nhac lai. Co hai loai: Loai chan tron 11 chan va loai chan det 8 chan. Trong phan nay ch trnh bay v tr chan tren E cua R-Le. s dung rle trung gian: Ho tr cho mach ieu khien hoat ong linh ong hn Muc ch

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Lam nhiem vu trung gian ong cat ien cho cac kh cu ien trong mach t nhng tiep iem co cong suat qua nho. Co the au song song vi cuon hut Contactor e tang cng tiep iem phu cua contactor thong qua tiep iem cua rle trung gian. 3.5.1. S o Chan tren e cua Rle trung gian loai 11 chan

5 4 3 2

9 10 11

Hnh 10: V tr chan tren e R-Le trung gian

3.5.2. Tiep iem Hai chan 2-10 la cuon hut. Co 1ai 3 cap tiep iem kep 1-4, 1-5; 3-6, 3-7 va 11-8, 11-9. Trong o: 1-4 la tiep iem thng h 1-5 la tiep iem thng ong. 3-6 la tiep iem thng h 3-7 la tiep iem thng ong. 11-9 la tiep iem thng h 11-8 la tiep iem thng ong.

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3.6. SO SANH HOAT ONG CUA CAC R-LE: TAC ONG r le R-LE THNG ON DELAY OFF DELAY

Khi cap nguon vao - Cac tiep iem se - Sau 1 thi gian, - Cac tiep iem se lap tc thay oi cac tiep iem mi lap tc thay oi trang thai khoi r le thay o trang thai trang thai

Khi cat nguon ra - Cac tiep iem se - Cac tiep iem se - Sau 1 thi gian, lap tc tr ve trang lap tc tr ve trang cac tiep iem mi thai ban au thai ban au tr ve trang thai ban au

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BAI 1: CAC MACH IEU KHIEN C BAN

1. Muc ch, yeu cau: - Giup hoc sinh oc hieu c nguyen ly cua mach ien. - Hieu c nguyen tac au day va van hanh mach ien theo s o nguyen ly. - Biet phan tch mach, khac phuc s co (neu co) va a ra bien phap sa cha. - Sau khi hoc xong, hoc sinh co kha nang lam viec oc lap, thao tac chnh xac, an toan va at yeu cau ve ky thuat cung nh my thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: 2.1. Vat T: - Day dan ien co bam au code: 12m/1HS 2.2. Thiet B: - Contactor - R-le nhiet. - Nut nhan NC, nut nhan NO - en bao hoac chuong bao - ong c KB 3 pha. 3. CAC BC THC HIEN: 3.1.Chuan b: Bang ieu khien hoac tu ien co trang b ay u vat t thiet b nh muc 2.2. Bo o nghe th ien: Km cat day, km tuot day, km rang, tuoc-n-vt, en th, ong ho VOM, va khoan tay (neu can). 3.2. Lap at thiet b: Khi lap at thiet b, ta can lu y 1 so van e sau:

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- Lap at thiet b len bang ieu khien hoac tu ien theo s bo tr hp ly, tranh hien tng lap at khong hp ly,dan en kho khan trong qua trnh au day, cung nh b chong cheo day hoac ton kem day dan. - Cac thiet b cung chung loai phai c bo tr gan nhau (chung 1 khu vc), e thuan tien cho viec au day va kiem tra (test) mach. - Rieng Contactor, khi lap at, phai chu y vao s o nguyen ly mach ong lc: nhng contactor nao co s au day qua lai ke can nhau th at gan nhau. That han che hien tng day mach ong lc au gia cac contactor vi nhau b cach nhau qua 1 hoac nhieu contactor khac (tr trng hp ac biet). - Cac thiet b phai c gan chac chan va ngay ngan tren Panel hoac trong tu ien. 3.3. Kiem tra thiet b Trc khi tien hanh au day, ta nen kiem tra toan bo thiet b, tranh hien tng s dung thiet b a b h hong co the gay ra s co. 3.4. au day ay la bc quan trong nhat trong cong viec lam mach ien. Khi au day, phai at c yeu cau ky thuat va my thuat. Muon vay, ta phai tuan thu theo cac yeu cau sau: Khi au day, ta au day mach ieu khien trc, day mach ong lc au sau. Cac au day khi au vao cac thiet b ien, eu phai c bam au code that ky va au vao chan cua cac thiet b that chat. Mot au code khong c bam nhieu hn hai si day va mot chan cua thiet b, khong c au nhieu hn hai au code

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Day dan phai c bo tr hp ly, khong qua dai, i gon gang trong ong day hoac trong nep day, phan bo hng i day hp ly, tranh hien tng don day i ve mot pha qua nhieu. Trng hp mach ong lc s dung day ln va cng, khong i dah trong ong hoac nep day c, ta phai be hoac uon day sao cho khong b chiem nhieu dien tch khong gian va ac biet la khong c la tray lp nhc cach ien cua day trong qua trnh be hoac uon day. 3.5. Kiem tra mach (Test mach) Sau khi au day hoan thien phan mach nao th kiem tra phan mach o theo cac khau sau: Kiem tra s tiep xuc cua day noi. Kiem tra s chnh xac cac au day trong qua trnh au day. Kiem tra thong mach (Ngan mach). Kiem tra hien tng cach ien, ve sinh cong nghiep. Sau khi kiem tra xong, neu khong co sai sot g, ta tien hanh van hanh th mach.

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AU DAY MACH IEN KHI ONG TRC TIEP 1 ONG C KHONG ONG BO BA PHA 1. Mo ta thiet b trong mach: Mach s dung 1 nut nhan NC lam nut dng may, 1 nut nhan NO lam nut m may, 1 CB nguon Q1, mot contactor KM1, mot rle nhiet F2 va 2 en bao H1, H2. en bao H1 dung e bao khi co s co qua tai, en bao H2 dung e bao ong c ang hoat ong. Khi nhan nut m may S1, ong c M1 hoat ong. Nhan nut dung may S2, ong c ngng hoat ong. 2. S o mach ong lc va ieu khien

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3. Nguyen ly hoat ong a. M may. - ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2: Noi tat (3-4)S2, Cung cap ien cho cuon day (A1-A2)KM1. - Khi cuon day KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day (A1-A2)KM1, (ta goi tiep tiem nay la tiep iem duy tr). Do o, khi ta buong tay ra khoi nut nhan, cuon day (A1-A2)KM1 van c cap ien. ong thi ba tiep iem chnh cua Contactor KM1 ong lai: Cung cap ien cho ong c M1 hoat ong. - Nh vay, mach ien ang hoat ong va ong c M1 cung ang hoat ong. b. Dng may Nhan nut S1: H mach (1-2)S1 tren mach ieu khien, lam mat nguon ben mach ieu khien. Do o, cuon day (A1-A2)KM1 b mat ien. Luc o cac tiep iem cua contator KM1 se tr ve trang thai ban au, toan bo mach b mat ien. Do o ong c ngng hoat ong. c. Qua tai Khi co hien tng qua tai xay ra, thi tiep iem (97-98)F1 m ra, lam h mach toan bo mach ieu khien. Cuon day (A1-A2)KM1mat ien, dan en mach ong lc cung mat ien, ong c dng hoat ong. ong thi tiep iem (95-96)F1 ong lai, ong ien cho en bao H1. Bao cho ta biet ong c ang trang thai qua tai. Sau khi khac phuc xong s co qua tai, muon van hanh mach tri lai, ta nhan nut Reset tren F1 e ong tiep iem (97-98)F1 lai va sau o van hanh mach tr lai bnh thng.

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AU DAY MACH IEN AO CHIEU QUAY ONG C KB 3 PHA Mach 1: khoa bang tiep iem thng ong 1. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: Mach s dung 2 contactor KM1 va KM2 dung e ong ien cho ong c M1 hoat ong theo chieu quay Thuan hoac Ngc. Nut nhan dng may S1 la nut nhan NC Hai nut nhan chon chieu quay Thuan va Ngc S2 va S3 la 2 nut nhan NO. Mot CB nguon Q1 Mot Rle nhiet F1 e bao ve qua tai cho ong c. Khi nhan nut S2 hoac S3 th ong c se hoat ong theo chieu Thuan hoac Ngc, Nhng khi ang hoat ong, muon oi chieu quay thi buoc phai dng may, mi oi c chieu quay.

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2. S o mach ong lc va ieu khien

3. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong. a. M may. - ong CB Q2 - Nhan nut S2: Noi tat (3-4)S2, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 - Khi cuon day KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (21-22)KM1 m ra: khong cho dong ien qua cuon day KM2(mach KM2 luon b h mach trong suot qua trnh mach KM1 lam viec) Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM1 Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c quay vi chieu quay th nhat.

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b. ao chieu quay Nhan nut S1 e dng may (luc nay mach tr ve trang thai ban au). Sau o nhan nut S3 e cap ien cho cuon hut Contactor KM2. - Khi cuon day KM2 co ien: Tiep iem (11-12)KM2 m ra: Khong cho dong ien qua cuon day KM1(mach KM1 luon b h mach trong suot qua trnh mach KM1 lam viec) Tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM2 Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c quay vi chieu quay th hai. (v a c ao 2 trong ba pha cap vao cho ong c). CHU Y: Hai contator KM1 va KM2 khong c phep ong thi co ien.

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Mach 2: Mach ao chieu quay dung khoa hon hp 1. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: Mach s dung 2 contactor KM1 va KM2 dung e ong ien cho ong c M1 hoat ong theo chieu quay Thuan hoac Ngc. Nut nhan dng may S1 la nut nhan NC Hai nut nhan chon chieu quay Thuan va Ngc S2 va S3 la 2 nut nhan kep. Mot CB nguon Q2 Mot Rle nhiet F1 e bao ve qua tai cho ong c. Khi nhan nut S2 hoac S3 th ong c se hoat ong theo chieu Thuan hoac Ngc. Mach nay cho phep ta oi chieu quay ot ngot ma khong can phai dng may. CHU Y: Hai contator KM1 va KM2 khong c phep ong thi co ien.

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2. S o mach ong lc va ieu khien.

3. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong. a. M may. - ong CB Q2 - Nhan nut S2: H mach (1-2)S2 ben mach KM2, khong cho phep mach KM2 hoat ong cung luc vi KM1. Noi tat (3-4)S2, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 - Khi cuon day KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (21-22)KM1 m ra: khong cho dong ien qua cuon day KM2(mach KM2 luon b h mach trong suot qua trnh mach KM1 lam viec) Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM1

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Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c quay vi chieu quay th nhat. b. ao chieu quay Nhan nut S3 H mach (1-2)S3 ben mach KM2, khong cho phep mach KM1 hoat ong cung luc vi KM2. Noi tat (3-4)S3, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2 - Khi cuon day KM2 co ien: Tiep iem (11-12)KM2 m ra: khong cho dong ien qua cuon day KM1(mach KM1 luon b h mach trong suot qua trnh mach KM1 lam viec) Tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM2 Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c quay vi chieu quay th hai. (v a c ao 2 trong ba pha cap vao cho ong c).

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AU DAY MACH IEN IEU KHIEN TH T KHI ONG 3 ONG C 1. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: Mach s dung 1 CB nguon Q1, mot nut dng may S1 (NC), ba nut nhan m may S2,S3,S4 (NO), ba ong c KB 3 pha M1,M2,M3, ba contactor KM1,KM2,KM3 e cap ien cho 3 ong c, ba Rle nhiet F1,F2,F3 e bao ve cho 3 ong c. Khi van hanh may, ta buoc phai van hanh theo th t t ong c M1 en M3. Neu ta van hanh sai th mach se khong hoat ong. 2. S o mach ieu khien.

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3. S o mach ong lc.

4. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong a. M may: - Bat buoc phai m may theo th t t ong c M1 en M3. Do o ta buoc phai nhan nut theo th t t S2 en S4. Neu ta nhan nut nhan khong theo th t, th mach se khong hoat ong. V a c khoa bang cac tiep iem NO. - ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2: Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 - Khi cuon day contactor KM1 co ien:

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Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM1 Tiep iem (23-24)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu chuan b cho phep mach KM2 lam viec Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M1 lam viec. - Nhan nut S3: Noi tat (3-4)S3 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2 (v luc nay tiep iem (23-24)KM1 ang ong) - Khi cuon day contactor KM2 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM2 Tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu chuan b cho phep mach KM2 lam viec Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M2 lam viec. - Nhan nut S4: Noi tat (3-4)S4 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3 (v luc nay tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ang ong) - Khi cuon day contactor KM2 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM2 Ba Tiep iem chnh KM3 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M3 lam viec.

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b. Dng may: Muon dng may, ta nhan nut S1, toan bo mach se b mat ien. Ba ong c se dng hoat ong. - Neu ta muon dng tng may th ta mac them vao moi mach KM2 va KM3 moi mach mot nut nhan NC. Khi o, ta dng may M3 th may M1 va M2 van hoat ong. Con neu ta dng may M1 th ca ba eu dng.

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AU DAY MACH IEN IEU KHIEN TH T T ONG KHI ONG 4 ONG C 1. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: - Tng t nh mach th t khi ong 3 ong c, nhng mach nay t ong khi ong theo thi gian a c cai at trc thong qua cac rle thi gian ONDELAY. 2. S o mach ieu khien.

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3. S o mach ong lc.

4. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong a. M may - ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2 Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 va rle thi gian TP1. - Khi cuon day contactor KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu duy tr dong ien qua cuon day KM1

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Tiep iem (23-24)KM1 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu chuan b cho phep mach KM2 lam viec. Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M1 lam viec. - Khi cuon day Rle thi gian TP1 co ien: se em thi gian. Khi het thi gian a c cai at: Tiep iem (67-68)TP1 ong lai: cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2 va Rle thi gian TP2 (v luc nay Tiep iem (23-24)KM1 ang ong) - Khi cuon hut contactor KM2 co ien: Tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ong lai: Lam nhiem vu chuan b cho phep mach KM2 lam viec Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M2 lam viec. - Khi cuon day Rle thi gian TP2 co ien: se em thi gian. Khi het thi gian a c cai at: Tiep iem (67-68)TP2 ong lai: cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3 va Rle thi gian TP3 (v luc nay Tiep iem (23-24)KM2 ang ong) - Tng t nh tren, th th 2 ong c con lai se c t ong khi ong b. Dng may: Nhan nut S1: Toan bo mach se mat ien. Ghi chu: Trong qua trnh ang van hanh mach, neu ong c nao b s co qua tai, thi dong c o se dng hoat ong va nhng ong c sau no cung dng hoat ong, con nhng ong c trc no van hoat ong bnh thng.

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BAI 2: CAC MACH IEU KHIEN KHI ONG GIAN TIEP ONG C KB 3 PHA
1. Muc ch, yeu cau: - Giup hoc sinh hieu c nguyen tac khi ong gian tiep va cac phng phap khi ong. - Giup hoc sinh oc hieu c nguyen ly cua mach ien. - Hieu c nguyen tac au day va van hanh mach ien theo s o nguyen ly. - Biet phan tch mach, khac phuc s co (neu co) va a ra bien phap sa cha. - Sau khi hoc song, hoc sinh co kha nang lam viec oc lap, thao tac chnh xac, an toan va at yeu cau ve ky thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: 2.1. Vat T: - Day dan ien co bam au code: 12m/1HS 2.2. Thiet B: - Contactor - R-le nhiet. - Nut nhan NC, nut nhan NO - en bao hoac chuong bao - ong c KB 3 pha. 3. CAC BC THC HIEN: 3.1.Chuan b: Bang ieu khien hoac tu ien co trang b ay u vat t thiet b nh muc 2.2. Bo o nghe th ien: Km cat day, km tuot day, km rang, tuoc-n-vt, en th, ong ho VOM, va khoan tay (neu can).

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3.2. Lap at thiet b: Khi lap at thiet b, ta can lu y 1 so van e sau: - Lap at thiet b len bang ieu khien hoac tu ien theo s bo tr hp ly, tranh hien tng lap at khong hp ly, dan en kho khan trong qua trnh au day, cung nh b chong cheo day hoac ton kem day dan. - Cac thiet b cung chung loai phai c bo tr gan nhau (chung 1 khu vc), e thuan tien cho viec au day va kiem tra (test) mach. - Rieng Contactor, khi lap at, phai chu y vao s o nguyen ly mach ong lc: nhng contactor nao co s au day qua lai ke can nhau th at gan nhau. That han che hien tng day mach ong lc au gia cac contactor vi nhau b cach nhau qua 1 hoac nhieu contactor khac (tr trng hp ac biet). - Cac thiet b phai c gan chac chan va ngay ngan tren Panel hoac trong tu ien. 3.3. Kiem tra thiet b Trc khi tien hanh au day, ta nen kiem tra toan bo thiet b, tranh hien tng s dung thiet b a b h hong co the gay ra s co. 3.4. au day ay la bc quan trong nhat trong cong viec lam mach ien. Khi au day, phai at c yeu cau ky thuat va my thuat. Muon vay, ta phai tuan thu theo cac yeu cau sau: Khi au day, ta au day mach ieu khien trc, day mach ong lc au sau. Cac au day khi au vao cac thiet b ien, eu phai c bam au code that ky va au vao chan cua cac thiet b that chat. Mot au code khong c bam nhieu hn hai si day va mot chan cua thiet b, khong c au nhieu hn hai au code
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Day dan phai c bo tr hp ly, khong qua dai, i gon gang trong ong day hoac trong nep day, phan bo hng i day hp ly, tranh hien tng don day i ve mot pha qua nhieu. Trng hp mach ong lc s dung day ln va cng, khong i dah trong ong hoac nep day c, ta phai be hoac uon day sao cho khong b chiem nhieu dien tch khong gian va ac biet la khong c la tray lp nhc cach ien cua day trong qua trnh be hoac uon day.

3.5. Kiem tra mach (Test mach) Sau khi au day hoan thien phan mach nao th kiem tra phan mach o theo cac khau sau: Kiem tra s tiep xuc cua day noi. Kiem tra s chnh xac cac au day trong qua trnh au day. Kiem tra thong mach (Ngan mach). Kiem tra hien tng cach ien, ve sinh cong nghiep. Sau khi kiem tra xong, neu khong co sai sot g, ta tien hanh van hanh th mach. 4. TOM TAT LY THUYET: Theo ly thuyet may ien, ong c KB 3 pha co dong ien khi ong (Ik) rat ln. Khoang t 4 en 8 lan dong ien nh mc. ieu nay anh hng rat ln en li ien, v se gay sut ap tren ng day khi co ong c khi ong, cung nh de gay s co h hong day dan va kh cu ien ong cat. Do o, ngi ta a ra cac phng phap khac phuc hien tng nay bang cach giam ien ap cap vao cho ong c ngay trong luc khi ong trong khoang thi gian toi a la 5giay, nham giam dong ien khi ong xuong trong pham vi cho phep bang 2,5 lan dong nh mc la at yeu cau.
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e thc hien c ieu nay, ngi ta a ra cac phng phap lam giam dong ien khi ong. Goi la cac phng phap khi ong gian tiep. Ta co bon phng phap chnh e khi ong gian tiep la: Khi ong gian tiep qua 1 hoac hai cap ien tr R: Phng phap nay ta phai tnh toan c tr so ien tr R sao cho dong khi ong at yeu cau. Khi ong gian tiep qua 1 hoac hai cap ien khang L: Phng phap nay ta phai tnh toan c tr so ien tr L sao cho dong khi ong at yeu cau. Khi ong gian tiep qua may bien ap t ngau (BATN): Phng phap nay ta phai chon may bien ap co ty so bien oi sao cho thoa ieu kien dong khi ong giam trong pham vi cho phep theo ly thuyet. Theo ly thuyet th dong khi ong giam K2 lan (trong o K la ty so may bien ap). Khi ong gian tiep bang cach oi noi Sao Tam Giac: - ieu kien e thc hien c phng phap nay la ong c phai co ien ap Pha (UPha ) bang vi ien ap day cua nguon. Hay noi cach khac la ong c phai co ien ap Tam Giac bang vi ien ap nguon (U = Ud) V Du: ong c co ien ap dnh mc la Y/ -.660V/380V Nguon ien 3 pha 4 day la: 380V/220V

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LAP MACH IEN KHI ONG GIAN TIEP QUA 1 CAP IEN TR R HOAC IEN CAM L. 1. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: Mach s dung mot CB nguon Q1, mot rle nhiet F1, 1 nut nhan dng may S1, mot nut nhan m may S2. Mot bo ien tr khi ong R (gia tr ien tr va cong suat cua 3 ien tr nay phai giong nhau) Contactor KM1 dung e cap ien cho ong c M1 hoat ong Contactor KM2 dung e loai bo bo ien tr khi ong R ra khoi mach ien. Rle thi gian TP1 la loai ON DELAY, dung e em thi gian chuyen mach ket thuc qua trnh khi ong. Rle trung gian KA1 dung ong ien cho cuon hut cotactor KM2 sau khi het thi gian nh th cua rle thi gian. V trong trng hp cuon hut cua contactor qua ln (trong trng hp dung contator co cong suat ln), th am bao c s an toan cho tiep iem cua rle ti gian. Do o, oi vi mach co cong suat nho, ta khong can s dung them KA1 nh trong mach nay, ma dung tiep iem cua rle thi gian ong cat ien trc triep cho cuon hut cua contactor. Nhan nut khi ong S2, ong c c khi ong qua bo ien tr R, sau thi gian toi o la 5s c cai at rle thi gian, th ket thuc qua trnh khi ong (KM2 ong lai), ong c lam viec bnh thng.

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2. S o mach ieu khien va ong lc.

c. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong. M may: - ong CBQ1 - Nhan nut S2 Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 va rle thi gian TP1. - Khi cuon hut contactor KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai, duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 co ien.

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Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M1 khi ong qua 1 cap ien tr R. - Khi cuon day Rle thi gian TP1 co ien: Se em thi gian. Khi het thi gian a c cai at: Tiep iem (67-68)TP1 ong lai: Cung cap ien cho cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1. - Khi cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KA1 ong lai, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2. - Khi cuon hut contactor KM2 co ien: Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu noi tat bo ien tr R lai e loai bo bo ien tr R ra khoi mach ong lc. Luc nay ong c lam viec bnh thng, ket thuc qua trnh khi ong. b. Dng may: Nhan nut S1. Toan bo mach b mat ien va tr ve trang thai ban au

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LAP MACH IEN KHI ONG GIAN TIEP QUA 2 CAP IEN TR R HOAC IEN CAM L. 1. Mo ta hoat ong cua mach: - Tng t mach tren, nhng mach nay c khi ong qua hai cap. - Sau khi nhan nut khi ong, ong c c khi ong qua hai cap ien tr, sau o, lan lt c loai bo tng cap R1 va R2 thong qua hai contactor KM2 va KM3 2. S o mach ong lc va ieu khien.

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3. Tom tat nguyen ly hoat ong. M may: - ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2 Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 va rle thi gian TP1. - Khi cuon hut contactor KM1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 co ien. Ba Tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu cap ien 3 pha vao cho ong c M1 khi ong qua 2 cap ien tr R1 va R2. - Khi cuon day Rle thi gian TP1 co ien: Se em thi gian. Khi het thi gian a c cai at: Tiep iem (67-68)TP1 ong lai: Cung cap ien cho cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1. - Khi cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KA1 ong lai, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2 va rle thi gian TP2. - Khi cuon hut contactor KM2 co ien: Ba Tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu noi tat bo ien tr R1 e loai bo R1 ra khoi mach. Luc nay mach ch khi ong vi 1 bo ien tr R2. - Khi cuon day Rle thi gian TP2 co ien: Se em thi gian. Khi het thi gian a c cai at: Tiep iem (67-68)TP2 ong lai: Cung cap ien cho cuon hut Rle trung gian KA2. - Khi cuon hut Rle trung gian KA2 co ien:
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Tiep iem (13-14)KA2 ong lai, cung cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3. - Khi cuon hut contactor KM3 co ien: Ba Tiep iem chnh KM3 ben mach ong lc ong lai: Lam nhiem vu noi tat bo ien tr R2, e loai bo bo ien tr R2 ra khoi mach ong lc. Luc nay ong c lam viec bnh thng, ket thuc qua trnh khi ong.

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LAP MACH IEN KHI ONG GIAN TIEP BANG CACH OI NOI SAO-TAM GIAC 1. Mo ta hoat ong cua mach: Nhan nut m may, ong c se khi ong bang cach au hnh Sao. Sau thi gian toi a 5s, ong c se chuyen sang che ong lam viec bnh thng ( au hnh Tam Giac) - ieu kien e thc hien c phng phap nay la ong c phai co ien ap Pha (UPha ) bang vi ien ap day cua nguon. Hay noi cach khac la ong c phai co ien ap Tam Giac bang vi ien ap nguon (U = Ud) V Du: ong c co ien ap dnh mc la Y/ -.660V/380V Nguon ien 3 pha 4 day la: 380V/220V 2. S o mach ong lc.

ieu kien: KM2 va KM3 khong c phep ong thi co ien

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3. S o mach ieu khien

4. Nguyen ly hoat ong. a. M may. - ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2 Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1, cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 va Role thi gan TP1.(Luc nay Role thi gian TP1 se bat au em thi gian)

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Khi cuon hut contactor KM1: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai. Duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 va Role thi gian TP1. Ba tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai. Chuan b cap ien cho ong c khi ong. (ong c ch c khi ong khi ba tiep iem chnh KM2 ong) Khi cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KA1 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2. Khi o, tiep iem (21-22)KM2 m ra, khoa cheo KM3, khong cho KM3 hoat ong trong luc KM2 hoat ong. ong thi ba tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai, noi bo day quan ong c theo hnh Sao. Luc nay ong c se khi ong che o au hnh Sao. Khi het thi gian cai at cua Rle thi gian TP1: Tiep iem (55-56)TP1 m ra, ngat ien cho rle KA1, tiep iem(1314)KA1 m ra, ngat ien cuon hut contactor KM2, tiep iem (21-22)KM2 ong lai, ba tiep iem KM2 ben mach ong lc m ra. ong c ket thuc qua trnh khi ong hnh sao. ong thi Tiep iem (67-68)TP1 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut rle trung gian KA2. Khi KA2 co ien, tiep iem (23-24)KA2 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3. Khi KM3 co ien, tiep iem (11-12)KM3 m ra, khong cho phep KM2 hoat ong trong luc KM3 hoat ong. ong thi ba tep iem chnh KM3 ben mach ong lc ong lai, noi bo day quan ong c theo hnh tam giac. Luc nay ong c c chuyen sang che o lam viec bnh thng. b. Dng may. Nhan nut S1, toan bo mach ieu khien mat ien, mach tr ve trang thai ban au, ong c ngng hoat ong.

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LAP MACH IEN KHI ONG QUA MAY BIEN AP T NGAU 1. S o mach ien.

MBATN

2. Mo ta thiet b ien trong mach: - Nhan nut S2: KM1 va KM2 ong. Cap ien cho ong c M1 khi ong qua MBATN. Sau 1 thi gian toi a la 5s, KM1 va KM2 m ra, KM3 ong lai. ong c lam viec bnh thng. 3. Nguyen ly hoat ong a. M may:

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- ong CB Q1 - Nhan nut S2 Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1, cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 va Role thi gian TP1.(Luc nay Role thi gian TP1 se bat au em thi gian) Khi cuon hut contactor KM1: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai. Duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1, rle trung gian KA1 va R(le thi gian TP1. Ba tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach ong lc ong lai, Cap ien cho may bien ap t ngau(BATN). Khi cuon hut Rle trung gian KA1 co ien: Tiep iem (13-14)KA1 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2. Khi o, ba tiep iem chnh KM2 ben mach ong lc ong lai, Cap nguon t MBATN cho ong c khi ong. Khi het thi gian cai at cua Rle thi gian TP1: Tiep iem (55-56)TP1 m ra, ngat ien cho rle KA1, tiep iem(1314)KA1 m ra, ngat ien cuon hut contactor KM2, tiep iem (21-22)KM2 ong lai, ba tiep iem KM2 ben mach ong lc m ra. ong c ket thuc qua trnh khi ong qua MBATN. ong thi Tiep iem (67-68)TP1 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut rle trung gian KA2. Khi KA2 co ien, tiep iem (13-14)KA2 ong lai, tiep tuc duy tr cap ien cho mach tai (4-4)S2, va tiep iem (23-24)KA2 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3. Khi KM3 co ien, tiep iem (11-12)KM3 m ra, khong cho phep KM1 hoat ong trong luc KM3 hoat ong. ong thi ba tep iem chnh KM3 ben mach ong lc ong lai, cap nguon t Li trc tiep vao cho ong c lam viec. Luc nay ong c c chuyen sang che o lam viec bnh thng.

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b. Dng may. Nhan nut S1, toan bo mach ieu khien mat ien, mach tr ve trang thai ban au, ong c ngng hoat ong.

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BAI 3: MACH IEU KHIEN HAM ONG NANG ONG C KB 3 PHA

1. Muc ch, yeu cau: - Giup hoc sinh oc hieu c nguyen ly ham ong nang cho ong c KB 3 pha. - Hieu c nguyen tac au day va van hanh mach ien theo s o nguyen ly. - Biet phan tch mach, khac phuc s co (neu co) va a ra bien phap sa cha. - Sau khi hoc song, hoc sinh co kha nang lam viec oc lap, thao tac chnh xac, an toan va at yeu cau ve ky thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: 2.1. Vat T: - Day dan ien co bam au code: 12m/1HS 2.2. Thiet B: - Contactor - R-le nhiet. - Nut nhan NC, nut nhan NO - en bao hoac chuong bao - ong c KB 3 pha. - Bo nguon chnh lu 110VDC 3. CAC BC THC HIEN: 3.1.Chuan b: Bang ieu khien hoac tu ien co trang b ay u vat t thiet b nh muc 2.2. Bo o nghe th ien: Km cat day, km tuot day, km rang, tuoc-n-vt, en th, ong ho VOM, va khoan tay (neu can).

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3.2. Lap at thiet b: Khi lap at thiet b, ta can lu y 1 so van e sau: - Lap at thiet b len bang ieu khien hoac tu ien theo s bo tr hp ly, tranh hien tng lap at khong hp ly,dan en kho khan trong qua trnh au day, cung nh b chong cheo day hoac ton kem day dan. - Cac thiet b cung chung loai phai c bo tr gan nhau (chung 1 khu vc), e thuan tien cho viec au day va kiem tra (test) mach. - Rieng Contactor, khi lap at, phai chu y vao s o nguyen ly mach ong lc: nhng contactor nao co s au day qua lai ke can nhau th at gan nhau. That han che hien tng day mach ong lc au gia cac contactor vi nhau b cach nhau qua 1 hoac nhieu contactor khac (tr trng hp ac biet). - Cac thiet b phai c gan chac chan va ngay ngan tren Panel hoac trong tu ien. 3.3. Kiem tra thiet b Trc khi tien hanh au day, ta nen kiem tra toan bo thiet b, tranh hien tng s dung thiet b a b h hong co the gay ra s co. 3.4. au day ay la bc quan trong nhat trong cong viec lam mach ien. Khi au day, phai at c yeu cau ky thuat va my thuat. Muon vay, ta phai tuan thu theo cac yeu cau sau: Khi au day, ta au day mach ieu khien trc, day mach ong lc au sau. Cac au day khi au vao cac thiet b ien, eu phai c bam au code that ky va au vao chan cua cac thiet b that chat. Mot au code khong c bam nhieu hn hai si day va mot chan cua thiet b, khong c au nhieu hn hai au code
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Day dan phai c bo tr hp ly, khong qua dai, i gon gang trong ong day hoac trong nep day, phan bo hng i day hp ly, tranh hien tng don day i ve mot pha qua nhieu. Trng hp mach ong lc s dung day ln va cng, khong i dah trong ong hoac nep day c, ta phai be hoac uon day sao cho khong b chiem nhieu dien tch khong gian va ac biet la khong c la tray lp nhc cach ien cua day trong qua trnh be hoac uon day. 3.5. Kiem tra mach (Test mach) Sau khi au day hoan thien phan mach nao th kiem tra phan mach o theo cac khau sau: Kiem tra s tiep xuc cua day noi. Kiem tra s chnh xac cac au day trong qua trnh au day. Kiem tra thong mach (Ngan mach). Kiem tra bo nguon DC trc khi van hanh mach. Kiem tra hien tng cach ien, ve sinh cong nghiep. Sau khi kiem tra xong, neu khong co sai sot g, ta tien hanh van hanh th mach. 4. TOM TAT LY THUYET. 4.1. Phng phap ham: e ham ong c KB 3 pha, ta co 3 phng phap ham nh a hoc mon may ien va mon truyen ong ien. Nhng ay, ch trnh bay mot phng phap pho bien nhat, o la phng phap ham ong nang nh sau: - Khi ong c ang hoat ong, sau khi cat nguon ien ra khoi day quan stator. Nhng rotor van con trn e quay (quay theo quan tnh). Luc o, ta cap vao bo day quan ong c 1 nguon ien mot chieu (DC).

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- Khi cap nguon ien DC vao bo day quan cua ong c, th se sinh ra trong day quan Stator mot t trng ng yen, xem nh co chieu ngc vi chieu ang chuyen ong cua thanh dan rotor. Do o lam ham rotor ng yen. 4.2. S o mach ien

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BAI 4: MACH IEU KHIEN ONG C KB 3 PHA HAI CAP TOC O

1. Muc ch, yeu cau: Giup hoc sinh oc hieu c nguyen ly thay oi toc o cua ong c KB 3 pha. Hieu c nguyen tac au day va van hanh mach ien theo s o nguyen ly. Biet phan tch mach, khac phuc s co (neu co) va a ra bien phap sa cha. Sau khi hoc song, hoc sinh co kha nang lam viec oc lap, thao tac chnh xac, an toan va at yeu cau ve ky thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: 2.1. Vat T: - Day dan ien co bam au code: 12m/1HS 2.2. Thiet B: - Contactor - R-le nhiet. - Nut nhan NC, nut nhan NO - en bao hoac chuong bao - ong c KB 3 pha. - Bo nguon chnh lu 110VDC 3. CAC BC THC HIEN: 3.1.Chuan b: Bang ieu khien hoac tu ien co trang b ay u vat t thiet b nh muc 2.2.

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Bo o nghe th ien: Km cat day, km tuot day, km rang, tuoc-n-vt, en th, ong ho VOM, va khoan tay (neu can). 3.2. Lap at thiet b: Khi lap at thiet b, ta can lu y 1 so van e sau: - Lap at thiet b len bang ieu khien hoac tu ien theo s bo tr hp ly, tranh hien tng lap at khong hp ly,dan en kho khan trong qua trnh au day, cung nh b chong cheo day hoac ton kem day dan. - Cac thiet b cung chung loai phai c bo tr gan nhau (chung 1 khu vc), e thuan tien cho viec au day va kiem tra (test) mach. - Rieng Contactor, khi lap at, phai chu y vao s o nguyen ly mach ong lc: nhng contactor nao co s au day qua lai ke can nhau th at gan nhau. That han che hien tng day mach ong lc au gia cac contactor vi nhau b cach nhau qua 1 hoac nhieu contactor khac (tr trng hp ac biet). - Cac thiet b phai c gan chac chan va ngay ngan tren Panel hoac trong tu ien. 3.3. Kiem tra thiet b Trc khi tien hanh au day, ta nen kiem tra toan bo thiet b, tranh hien tng s dung thiet b a b h hong co the gay ra s co. 3.4. au day ay la bc quan trong nhat trong cong viec lam mach ien. Khi au day, phai at c yeu cau ky thuat va my thuat. Muon vay, ta phai tuan thu theo cac yeu cau sau: Khi au day, ta au day mach ieu khien trc, day mach ong lc au sau. Cac au day khi au vao cac thiet b ien, eu phai c bam au code that ky va au vao chan cua cac thiet b that chat.
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Mot au code khong c bam nhieu hn hai si day va mot chan cua thiet b, khong c au nhieu hn hai au code Day dan phai c bo tr hp ly, khong qua dai, i gon gang trong ong day hoac trong nep day, phan bo hng i day hp ly, tranh hien tng don day i ve mot pha qua nhieu. Trng hp mach ong lc s dung day ln va cng, khong i dah trong ong hoac nep day c, ta phai be hoac uon day sao cho khong b chiem nhieu dien tch khong gian va ac biet la khong c la tray lp nhc cach ien cua day trong qua trnh be hoac uon day. 3.5. Kiem tra mach (Test mach) Sau khi au day hoan thien phan mach nao th kiem tra phan mach o theo cac khau sau: Kiem tra s tiep xuc cua day noi. Kiem tra s chnh xac cac au day trong qua trnh au day. Kiem tra thong mach (Ngan mach). Kiem tra bo nguon DC trc khi van hanh mach. Kiem tra hien tng cach ien, ve sinh cong nghiep. Sau khi kiem tra xong, neu khong co sai sot g, ta tien hanh van hanh th mach. 4. TOM TAT LY THUYET. e thc hien viec thay oi toc o ong c KB 3 pha khi khong s dung may bien tan, ngi ta s dung loai ong c co hai cap toc o, va thay oi cach au day e thay oi so cap cc, nham thay oi toc o quay theo ty le 2:1. Hoac s dung loai ong c ba cap toc o, co hai bo day quan. Trong o co mot bo day hai cap toc o ty le 2:1 va 1 bo day mot cap toc o. Nguyen tac au day thay oi toc o va s o nguyen ly a c hoc trong mon may ien, nen trong tai lieu nay khong e cap en, ma ch s dung s o nguyen ly.
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Cac bo day quan hai cap toc o co cac kieu sau: Bo day quan hai cap toc o au Y chay toc o cham au YY chay toc o nhanh. Va ngc lai. Bo day quan hai cap toc o au chay toc o cham au YY chay toc o nhanh. Va ngc lai. Lu y: Khi van hanh ong c hai hay nhieu cap toc o, ta can lu y nhng van e sau: - c phep tang toc o trc tiep khi ong c ang van hanh che o toc o thap. - Khong c phep giam toc o trc tiep khi ong c ang van hanh che o toc o cao. Trc khi giam toc o, ta phai dng may. V neu ong c ang van hanh toc o cao, ta ot ngot giam toc o, luc o ong c se chuyen sang trang thai ham tai sinh, gay giam tuoi tho cua ong c.

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LAP MACH IEN IEU KHIEN ONG C KB BA PHA HAI CAP TOC O KIEU /YY (T CHON TOC O) 1. Mo ta hoat ong mach ong lc: ong CB nguon Q1 Che o chay cham: KM1 ong; KM2 va KM3 h. Che o chay nhanh: KM1 h, KM2 va KM3 ong Chu y: KM1 phai hoan toan c h th KM2 va KM3 mi c phep ong. 2. s o mach ong lc

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3. S o mach ieu khien

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4. Nguyen ly hoat ong: a. M may: ong CB Q1 a.1. Chon che o chay cham Nhan nut S2: Noi tat (3-4)S2 cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1 Khi cuon hut contactor KM1: Tiep iem (13-14)KM1 ong lai. Duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM1, ong thi ong tiep iem chnh ben mach ong lc, cap ien vao 3 au T1, T2 va T3 cua ong c, cho ong c hoat ong che o Tam giac (chay cham). Tiep iem (21-22)KM1 m ra, kkhong cho phep cuon hut contactor KM2 va KM3 lam viec (khoa cheo). a.2. Tang toc o: Khi ong c ang chay cham, ta nhan nut S3: H mach (1-2)S3, cuon hut contactor KM1 mat ien Contactor KM1 ngng hoat ong, ba tiep iem chnh KM1 ben mach on glc h ra, ong c ngng che o chay cham. Tiep iem (21-22)KM1 ong lai, cho phep mach chay nhanh san sang lam viec. Noi tat (3-4)S3. Cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3. Khi cuon hut contactor KM3 co ien: - Tiep iem (23-24)KM3 ong lai, duy tr cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM3, ong thi tiep iem (33-34)KM3 ong lai, cap ien cho cuon hut contactor KM2. - Ba tiep chnh cua 2 contactor KM2 va KM3 ong lai, cap ien cho ong c hoat ong che o Sao Song Hang (Chay nhanh). a.3. Che o chay nhanh (Sao Song Song) Nhan nut S3. (Nguyen ly giong nh khi tang toc o) b. Dng may: Nhan nut S1, toan bo mach ieu hien b mat ien, tr ve trang thai ban au
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BAI 5: CAC MACH IEU KHIEN HON HP

1. Muc ch, yeu cau: - Giup hoc sinh oc hieu c nguyen ly cua mach ien. - Biet cach ket hp cac mach c ban lai thanh mot mach ieu khien co nhieu chc nang hon hp. - Hieu c nguyen tac au day va van hanh mach ien theo s o nguyen ly. - Biet phan tch mach, khac phuc s co (neu co) va a ra bien phap sa cha. - Sau khi hoc song, hoc sinh co kha nang lam viec oc lap, thao tac chnh xac, an toan va at yeu cau ve ky thuat. 2. Hoc cu thc hanh: - Contactor - R-le nhiet. - Nut nhan NC, nut nhan NO - en bao hoac chuong bao - ong c KB 3 pha. - Day dan ien co bam au code. - ong ho VOM - Bo o nghe th ien. 3. Nhiem vu cua hoc sinh - Hoc sinh cho biet chc nang cua mach, t oc nguyen ly hoat ong cua mach, phan tch mach va au day van hanh nhng mach sau:

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Mach 1:

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Mach 2.

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Mach 3.

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Mach 4:

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Mach 5

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