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SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION : PAGE 3
DESCRIPTION : PAGE 4 TO 5
DATA SHEETS : PAGE 6 TO 11
light page 6 to 7
classic page 8 to 9
heavy page 10 to 11
BENEFITS : PAGE 12 TO 13
CONNECTIONS : PAGE 14 TO 15
INSTALLATION : PAGE 16 TO 17
APPROVALS AND REFERENCES : PAGE 18 TO 19
3
PIPELIFE INTERNATIONAL
S
oluforce i s a hi gh pressure plastic pipe
system designed and manufactured by
Pipelife Nederland B. V. , whi ch i s part of
the Pi peli fe International group of companies.
Pipelife International GmbH is a global
player in the manufacture of plastic pipe
systems with offices and production
facilitiesin over 25 countries.
4
Soluforce RTP (reinforced thermoplastic pipe) is a high pressure
plastic pipe system for use in oil flow lines, water injection and
gas transport, and can also be used in other pressure
applicationssuch aspotable or effluent water linesand
irrigation.
Soluforce can be used in on shore and off shore projects
(shallow water).
Soluforce is made of a polyethylene (PE 100) inner
core, a reinforcement tape, and a special
external coating of white, UV resistant,
PE 100.
The reinforcement tape, which gives
the pipe its strength, is composed of
different tape designs. The tapes give
the pipe different performance
characteristics for a wide variety of
applicationsand operational parameters.
Soluforce can be connected using electrofusion couplers
(in line couplers). This method uses a butt fusion
internal weld and an electrofused coupling weld. This
makes a hermetic seal of extremely high quality. An
alternative method isto use two steel end flangesback to
back. The steel end flanges are also used to connect the
Soluforce RTP pipe to a steel pipeline.
Soluforce RTP pipes are manufactured in two dimensions:
4 ID, and 5 ID. However the flow capacity of the
5 Soluforce pipe is comparable to the flow capacity of a
6 steel pipeline.
Soluforce suppliesthe RTP pipeson disposable wooden
reelsin lengthsof 400 meters. The wooden reelscan
be economically transported worldwide.
S O L U F O R C E
Buffalo Soluforce Light:
A syntheti c f i bre tape rei nf orcement f or
l ower pressure appl i cati ons.
5
Rhino Soluforce Classic :
An syntheti c fibre tape reinforcement for
medium pressure applications.
JumboSoluforce Heavy :
A flexible steel tape reinforcement for high
pressure applications.
D A T A S H E E T
6
Soluforce Light hasbeen designed for low pressure applicationssuch as
gastransmission networksup to 25 bars(360 psi).
Soluforce light can be used with new installation methodssuch ascable
ploughing or deep trenching.
Soluforce Light is ideal for beam pump oil flowlines operating up
to 26 bar (377 psi) for the 4 pipe, and 21 bar (305 psi) for the 5 pipe.
Soluforce Light can be used for potable/effluent water applications up
to 36 bar (522 psi) for the 4 pipe, and 29 bar (421 psi) for the 5 pipe.
PE 100
Synthetic fibre tape
PE U.V. resistant
SOLUFORCE LIGHT
7
General data Soluforce Light
Soluforce type L450 L540
Inner liner PE 100 black PE 100 black
Reinforcing material Synthetic fiber Synthetic fiber
Outer cover Highly UV-stabilised white PE100 Highly UV-stabilised white PE100
Inside diameter / Bore 100 mm / 4 125 mm / 5
Outside diameter 125 mm / 5 150 mm / 6
Weight kg/m 4.5 kg/m / 3.0 lb/ft 5.8 kg/m / 3.9 lb/ft
Coil length 400 m / 1312 ft 400 m / 1312 ft
Gas transport and distribution
Soluforce type L450 L540
LCL-value (65C/150F)
1
42 bar / 609 psi 34 bar / 493 psi
M aximum gasservice temperature
2
20C / 68F 20 / 68F
M aximum Service Pressure (dry gas)
3
25 bar / 360 psi 25 bar / 360 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
4
34 bar / 493 psi 34 bar / 493 psi
GasCapacity
5
3300 Sm
3
/hr / 2.8 M M Scf/day 6000 Sm
3
/hr / 5.1 M M Scf/day
Pipe connections
6
In-line coupler In-line coupler
Steel pipe interface
7
Steel welding stub Steel welding stub
Hydrocarbons production service
Soluforce type L450 L540
LCL-value (65C/150F)
8
44 bar / 638 psi 36 bar / 522 psi
M aximum fluid service temperature
9
65C / 150F 65 / 150F
M aximum Service Pressure
10
26 bar / 377 psi 21 bar / 305 psi
M aximum peak pressure
11
35 bar / 508 psi 28 bar / 406 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
12
49 bar / 711 psi 40 bar / 580 psi
Liquid capacity
13
57 m
3
/hr / 8600 bbl/day 88 m
3
/hr / 13000 bbl/day
Pipe connections
14
In-line coupler End-fitting In-line coupler End-fitting
Hook-up connection
15
ANSI 6 600 pound ANSI 6 600 pound
Water service
Soluforce type L450 L540
LCL-value (65C/150F)
8
44 bar / 638 psi 36 bar / 522 psi
M aximum fluid service temperature
9
65C / 150F 65 / 150F
M aximum Service Pressure
10
36 bar / 522 psi 29 bar / 421 psi
M aximum peak pressure
11
49 bar / 711 psi 40 bar / 580 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
12
49 bar / 711 psi 40 bar / 580 psi
Liquid capacity
13
57 m
3
/hr / 8600 bbl/day 88 m
3
/hr / 13300 bbl/day
Pipe connections
14
In-line coupler End-fitting In-line coupler End-fitting
Hook-up connection
15
ANSI 6 600 pound ANSI 6 600 pound
1. 97.5% lower confidence limit at 65C for 50 yearsaccording to ISO 9080 & ASTM 2992. 2. In normal situationsgastransport and distribution takesplace at tem-
peraturesbelow 20C / 68F (Buried in Soil). 3. Long term maximum service pressure. Value for 50 yearslifecycle time at 20C / 68F. 4. M aximum allowed hydrotest
pressure using water or drygas. 5. Approximation of Natural gascapacityfor a 20 km pipeline with M SP pressure at compression station and 20% pressure lossover
the pipeline. 6. Connection by butt-welding of the liner pipe and then covered with an electrofused sleeve coupler. 7. Electrofused end-fitting sleeve with steel 316L
pipe welding stub. 8. 97.5% lower confidence limit at 65C for 20 yearsaccording to ISO 9080 & ASTM 2992. 9. Soluforce pipe isnot significantly heated by the
sun. The max. service temperature isdetermined by the true fluid temperature or ambient temperature. 10. Long term maximum service pressure, higher peak pres-
suresare allowed. Value for 20 yearslifecycle time at 65C / 150F. 11. M aximum allowed peak pressure during short time i.e. well head shut-in pressure. Thispres-
sure doesnot effect the lifecycle time of 20 years. 12. M aximum allowed hydrotest pressure using water. 13. Approximation of liquid capacity at a liquid speed of 2
m/s/ 6.6 ft/s. 14. Connection bybutt-welding of the liner pipe and then covered with an electrofused sleeve coupler. End-fitting connection byan electrofusion slee-
ve and steel flange. 15. Electrofused end-fitting sleeve with steel 316L raised face ANSI 6 600 pound dimensioned flange.
D A T A S H E E T
8
PE 100
Synthetic fibre tape
PE U.V. resistant
Soluforce Classic is designed for medium pressure applications such as
oil flowlines, water flowlinesand water injection lines.
Operating pressurescan go up to 90 bar (1305 psi) for water applications
in the 4 pipe dimension, and 72 bar (1044 psi) for the 5 pipe.
Soluforce Classic can also be used for dry gasup to 42 bars(609 psi).
SOLUFORCE CLASSIC
9
Gas transport and distribution
Soluforce type M480 M570
LCL-value (65C/150F)
1
105 bar / 1522 psi 84 bar / 1218 psi
M aximum gasservice temperature
2
20C / 68F 20 / 68F
M aximum Service Pressure (dry gas)
3
42 bar / 609 psi 42 bar / 609 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
4
84 bar / 1218 psi 84 bar / 1218 psi
GasCapacity
5
5660 Sm
3
/hr / 4.8 M M Scf/day 10260 Sm
3
/hr / 8.7 M M Scf/day
Pipe connections
6
In-line coupler In-line coupler
Steel pipe interface
7
Steel welding stub Steel welding stub
Water service
Soluforce type M480 M570
LCL-value (65C/150F)
8
111 bar / 1609 psi 89 bar / 1290 psi
M aximum fluid service temperature
9
65C / 150F 65 / 150F
M aximum Service Pressure
10
90 bar / 1305 psi 72 bar / 1044 psi
M aximum peak pressure
11
123 bar / 1784 psi 100 bar / 1450 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
12
123 bar / 1784 psi 100 bar / 1450 psi
Liquid capacity
13
57 m
3
/hr / 8600 bbl/day 88 m
3
/hr / 13300 bbl/day
Pipe connections
14
In-line coupler End-fitting In-line coupler End-fitting
Hook-up connection
15
ANSI 6 600 pound ANSI 6 600 pound
General data Soluforce Classic
Soluforce type M480 M570
Inner liner PE 100 black PE 100 black
Reinforcing material Synthetic fiber Synthetic fiber
Outer cover Highly UV-stabilised white PE100 Highly UV-stabilised white PE100
Inside diameter / Bore 100 mm / 4 125 mm / 5
Outside diameter 125 mm / 5 150 mm / 6
Weight kg/m 4.6 kg/m / 3.1 lb/ft 5.9 kg/m / 4, 0 lb/ft
Coil length 400 m / 1312 ft 400 m / 1312 ft
Hydrocarbons production service
Soluforce type M480 M570
LCL-value (65C/150F)
8
111 bar / 1609 psi 89 bar / 1290 psi
M aximum fluid service temperature
9
65C / 150F 65 / 150F
M aximum Service Pressure
10
65 bar / 943 psi 52 bar / 754 psi
M aximum peak pressure
11
88 bar / 1276 psi 70 bar / 1015 psi
M aximum hydrotest pressure
12
123 bar / 1784 psi 100 bar / 1450 psi
Liquid capacity
13
57 m
3
/hr / 8600 bbl/day 88 m
3
/hr / 13000 bbl/day
Pipe connections
14
In-line coupler End-fitting In-line coupler End-fitting
Hook-up connection
15
ANSI 6 600 pound ANSI 6 600 pound
D A T A S H E E T
1. 97.5% lower confidence limit at 65C for 50 yearsaccording to ISO 9080 & ASTM 2992. 2. In normal situationsgastransport and distribution takesplace at tem-
peraturesbelow 20C / 68F (Buried in Soil). 3. Long term maximum service pressure. Value for 50 yearslifecycle time at 20C / 68F. 4. M aximum allowed hydrotest
pressure using water or drygas. 5. Approximation of Natural gascapacityfor a 20 km pipeline with M SP pressure at compression station and 20% pressure lossover
the pipeline. 6. Connection by butt-welding of the liner pipe and then covered with an electrofused sleeve coupler. 7. Electrofused end-fitting sleeve with steel 316L
pipe welding stub. 8. 97.5% lower confidence limit at 65C for 20 yearsaccording to ISO 9080 & ASTM 2992. 9. Soluforce pipe isnot significantly heated by the
sun. The max. service temperature isdetermined by the true fluid temperature or ambient temperature. 10. Long term maximum service pressure, higher peak pres-
suresare allowed. Value for 20 yearslifecycle time at 65C / 150F. 11. M aximum allowed peak pressure during short time i.e. well head shut-in pressure. Thispres-
sure doesnot effect the lifecycle time of 20 years. 12. M aximum allowed hydrotest pressure using water. 13. Approximation of liquid capacity at a liquid speed of 2
m/s/ 6.6 ft/s. 14. Connection bybutt-welding of the liner pipe and then covered with an electrofused sleeve coupler. End-fitting connection byan electrofusion slee-
ve and steel flange.15. Electrofused end-fitting sleeve with steel 316L raised face ANSI 6 600 pound dimensioned flange.
10
PE 100
Flexi-steel reinforced tape
PE U.V. resistant
Soluforce Heavy is designed for high pressure applications, especially
water injection lines.
Design pressuresgo up to 150 bars(2175 psi). Soluforce Heavy hasbeen
designed with an innovative, high strength, flexible steel tape, for
ultra-high performance.
For applicationsin oil flow linesplease consult Soluforce.
N
E
W

!
SOLUFORCE HEAVY
11
Water service
Soluforce type H415 H512
M aximum fluid service temperature
2
65C / 150F 65 / 150F
Design Pressure
3
150 bar / 2175 psi 150 bar / 2175 psi
Liquid capacity
4
57 m
3
/hr / 8600 bpd 88 m
3
/hr / 13000 bpd
Pipe connections
5
In-line coupler End-fitting In-line coupler End-fitting
Steel pipe interface
6
ANSI 6 ANSI 6
1. Preliminary pipe specifications, based on ISO 9080, ASTM 2992 and API 17J. 2. Soluforce pipe is not significantly heated by the sun. The max. service
temperature is determined by the true fluid temperature or ambient temperature. 3. Soluforce steel reinforced pipes do not have a time dependant strength. 4.
Approximation of liquid capacity at a liquid speed of 2 m/s / 6.6 ft/s. 5. In-liner coupler connection by butt-welding of the liner pipe and then covered with an elec-
trofused sleeve coupler. End-fitting connection by an electrofusion sleeve and steel flange. 6. Electrofused end-fitting sleeve with steel 316L ANSI 6 flange .
D A T A S H E E T
Hydrocarbons production service
Consult PIPELIFE Consult PIPELIFE Consult PIPELIFE
General data Soluforce Heavy
1
Soluforce type H415 H512
Inner liner PE 100 black PE 100 black
Reinforcing material Steel wire Steel wire
Outer cover Highly UV-stabilised white PE100 Highly UV-stabilised white PE100
Inside diameter / Bore 100 mm / 4 125 mm / 5
Outside diameter 125 mm / 5 150 mm / 6
Weight kg/m 7, 0 kg/m / 4, 7 lb/ft 9, 0 kg/m / 6, 0 lb/ft
Coil length 280 m / 920 ft 280 m / 920 ft
12
Early Production Gain:
Faster installation meansquicker production! Early production meansthat often
the investment in a Soluforce RTP pipeline can be recuperated within the time it
would take to install a conventional pipeline.
Installation Speed :
Very Fast! Soluforce can be installed at a rate of 1 km per hour.
Maintenance :
Soluforce ismaintenance free.
Corrosion :
No corrosion! Leak free!
Inspection :
Fit and forget. No inspection isnecessary.
Cathodic Protection :
Not needed! An additional economic bonus.
Erosion :
Very high resistance to erosion. Polyethylene isespecially resistant
to sand erosion.
Scaling :
Soluforce isscale free. Thisphenomena isnot observed.
Flow regime :
Fewer restrictionsthan conventional pipes. Flow rate of 3 to 4 m/second
for oil and more for gas. A 50% higher flow capacity isobtained compared to
conventional pipesof the same dimension.
BENEFITS
13
Design life :
Soluforce isdesigned for a 20 year lifetime in above ground desert or
swamp conditionsand 50 yearsin buried installationsfor gas.
Usability :
Soluforce can be recoiled and re-used. For further information contact
Soluforce for their guideline on re-use.
Logistics :
Fast delivery and installation upon order. Efficient and economically
designed packaging of disposable wooden reels.
Weight :
Approximately 66 kg per 12 meter length. (subject to dimension)
Length per coil :
400 metersper coil.
Truck transport capability :
Four coilswith total length of 1600 metersper truck load.
Installation equipment :
Light equipment: a 4 wheel drive, a hiab and small crane.
Manpower requirement :
Soluforce requiresonly one trained installation engineer, one driver
and two unskilled helpers.
Safety :
Low number of people involved in installation. No leaks, no repairs
and no exposure to fluids.
14
IN-LINE COUPLING : PLASTIC
1) The in-line coupling. An electrofusion coupler specially
designed by Soluforce to resist very high pressures.
3) The second step is to electroweld the in-line coupling
over the butt-welded pipes The coupling gives the required
pressure resistance over the butt-welded pipes ensuring a
leak free connection.
2) The welding processisdone in two steps. The first step is
to butt weld the inner layer of black polyethylene together.
CONNECTIONS
15
END FLANGE : METAL
1) The end flange.
The end flange isused to connect the Soluforce RTP pipe to
steel. The flange ismade of ANSI 316L stainlesssteel.
2) It is possible to use the end flange to connect two
Soluforce pipes. Thiscan be done when it isplanned for the
pipe to be re-used in the future.
3) The end flange consists of two parts : a stainless steel
flange and a connecting plastic part.
4) The plastic part iswelded onto the Soluforce RTP pipe in
the same way asthe in-line coupler.
16
Soluforce can be installed
buried or directly on the
ground without any
concrete supports.
Installed directly on the ground
Soluforce isdesigned to survive desert
weather conditionsfor 20 years
without maintenance. When buried
Soluforce hasa design lifetime of
50 yearsfor gasapplication.
1
The Soluforce system
excels by its swift and
fast installation
method.
An installation trailer isused to
uncoil the pipe. The installation-
trailer istowed by any available
car having the right pulling hook
and pulling capacity for the
on-site soil conditions. (A 4 wheel
drive isnormally adequate).
An axle ispushed through the
centre of the wooden reel and
then the coil isloaded onto the
trailer by crane. After removal of
the base pallet the pipe coil is
ready for un-coiling.
2
The Soluforce pipe coils of
up to 400 meters are packed
on wooden disposable reels.
O n easy terrain un-coiling takesonly
15 minutesresulting in the installation
of 400 metersof Soluforce pipe.
3
INSTALLATION
17
For hook-up of the Soluforce system to
existing steel pipes, the Soluforce pipe is
terminated with an electrofusion end-fitting.
After welding to the pipe the stainlesssteel parts,
which mechanically lock on the Soluforce end-fitting,
are put in place. An NBR O -ring providesa leak free
connection between the Soluforce pipe and the steel
parts. The steel partsincorporate a 6 600 pound
ANSI 316 L dimension raised face flange. Now the
Soluforce pipescan be connected to the existing steel
pipe work like a standard flange connection. All welding
activity isdone using the Soluforce welding equipment.
6
Soluforce RTP pipes are
connected using fully
automatic welding equipment.
Soluforce hasa fully qualified installation
service available and can train and certify
weldersasrequested by the customer.
Electrofusion welding isa computer
controlled processwith a fully integrated
traceable system
4
The most economical
connection of Soluforce
RTP pipe to RTP pipe is
the specially designed
in-line coupling.
The most economical solution for
connecting Soluforce pipestogether
isthe specially designed in-line
coupling. Thisgivesan extremely
reliable and secure connection.
5
TESTING, QUALIFICATI
The whole QA/QC process from basic product design,
through to testing to certification has been subject to
independent third party verification, to ensure easy qualifi-
cation in different international, national and company
standards.
Product Design Verification
The design of Soluforce pipe and fittings was
independently verified by Det Norske Veritas
and Shell Global Solutions.
All possible failure modes were analysed, and
the design wasadapted accordingly, to exclude,
by design, any premature failure.
Product testing
Long term testing was performed to verify the product
design premises. From laboratory testing it wasproved that
Soluforce would stand the harshest of operating conditions
in an oil field and gas transport environments for at least
20 (surface) and up to 50 years for gas applications
(buried).
Testing wasperformed according to recognized internatio-
nal standards like ASTM 2992 (long term bursting pressu-
re), ISO9080 (long term bursting pressure asa function of
operating temperature), EN1555 (European standards for
plastic pipe for gasdistrubution).
O nce again, the in-house testing was independently
verified by Det Norske Veritas.
After laboratory testing, pilot scale trials were carried out
for a period of more than 2 yearsin a M iddle East oilfield.
Pilot testing wassupervised by Shell Global Solutions.
QA/QC Procedures
All Soluforce QA/QC procedures conform with ISO9001,
verified by Det Norske Veritas.
Product Standards
The following standards apply to the qualification of
Soluforce:
Oil Field service:
Joint Industry Project (JIP) Recommended Practice for
Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe.
Draft API standard for spoolable composite pipe
API 17J, relevant paragraphs, for Soluforce Heavy
Gas Service
German DVGW VP642 for gasdistribution and transport
ISO ISO/TC138/SC4, technical document ISO/TS 18226
Product Qualification and Certification
Soluforce isqualified and approved by major oil companieslike
Shell, Saudi Aramco, Kuwait Oil Company, Abu Dhabi
National Oil Company, etc.
Soluforce iscertified by DNV and TV (gasservice)
Track record
Since 1998, hundreds of kilometres of Soluforce are in
operation in oil and gasgathering systems, water injection
pi peli nes as well as gas di stri buti on and transport
networks.
Soluforce is the only field proven RTP system
available today.
Dynamic mechanical
testing of Soluforce
on Pipelife's Flexi-Rig equipment
18
ON AND CERTIFICATION
All products purchased from or supplied by Pipelife are subjected to terms and conditions set out in the contract, order acknowledgement and/or bill of lading.
Pipelife warrants only that its product will meet those specifications designated in such contracts, order acknowledgements, and/or bills of loading. All other
information including that herein, supplied by Pipelife, is considered accurate but is furnished upon the express conditions that the customer shall make his own
assessment to determine the products suitability for a particular purpose. Pipelife makes no other warranty either express or implied, regarding such other
information, the data upon which the same is based, or the results to be obtained from the use thereof; that any products shall be merchantable or fit for any
particular purpose; or that the use of such other information or product will not infringe any patent.
19
SOLUFORCE
Pipelife Nederland B.V.
Flevolaan 7
1601 Netherlands
Tel.: +31(0) 228 355 555
Fax: +31(0) 228 355 520
info@soluforce.com
www.pipelife.com
www.soluforce.com
SOLUFORCE
Pipelife Nederland B.V.
Flevolaan 7
1601 Netherlands
Tel.: +31(0) 228 355 555
Fax: +31(0) 228 355 520
info@soluforce.com
www.pipelife.com
www.soluforce.com