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ftware Complementary so er m al th r so lu ti on s fo ec tr ic al el of is an al ys motors

e (FL UX Fin ite Th e pre vio us art icl Seminar at g n i l Element Model showed how ) eld ef Sh of University w features ne te ida FLUX is used to val ele ctr ica l lty fau for AD -C of Mo tor machines. the reference for Motor-CAD, then, ctrical machines. thermal analysis of ele the ma rke t on ion lut A un iqu e so nd frie ly interface allowing, in a user ins tan tan eo us lly tua an d wi th vir devices taking into results, to optimise ignored quantity: en oft account an temperature. ilities to model FLUX, whose capab or linear) does actuators (rotating , features also ven not need to be pro couple magnetic advanced models to Often used for . lds and thermal e X is also used FLU , ng ati he induction sm thermal eti gn ma for studies where ong, as shows the eld interaction is str the inuence of ere following article wh studied. broken rotor bars is about talks one When ! rity complementa

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Heating of the induction motor rotor with damaged squirrel-cage.

Institute of Electrical Machines, Drives and Measurements, Wrocaw University of Technology.

Ludwik ANTAL, Maciej ANTAL

Figure 1: Field-circuit model of squirrel-cage motor: (1) stator, (2) rotor, (3) rotating air gap, (4) external air region, (5) shaft. Model assumed linear dependence of electric and thermal parameters of squirrel cage and thermal parameters of rotor lamination from temperature. Magneto-dynamic computation (calculations of magneto-harmonic field with rotor rotary motion) requires a constant rotational speed. For undamaged motor constant rotational speed was assumed as nominal speed (1410 rpm). Torque for this speed value (nominal for undamaged motor and lower than nominal for motor with broken bars) changes with temperature variations because of rotor cage resistivity change during warmup. Lower than nominal value of torque for motor with damaged rotor also comes from damage changes of torque and current characteristic (fig. 2). Magnetothermal computation for constant nominal torque of motor with three broken rotor bars demands lower than nominal rotational speed. Rotational speed for damaged motor (1397 rpm) resulting from static characteristics (g. 2) is too low and cant guarantee its nominal load at thermal steady state. Torque variations comparison of undamaged motor working in nominal conditions with damaged motor working with different constant speeds shows that constant speed of 1392 rpm guaranteed nominal load at thermal steady state for motor with three broken rotor bars (g. 3).

his work presents calculation results of small power (1.5 kW) squirrel cage, induction motor rotor warm up. Two models were realized: rst with undamaged rotor and second with three broken rotor bars. Computations were realized for the motors at nominal load. Problem was described by coupling between magneto harmonic eld of eddy currents and transient thermal eld. Calculations of coupling transient magneto thermal eld were realized with two dimensional eld circuit motor model (g. 1). Calculations results for motor with undamaged rotor and motor with three broken rotor bars was compared for thermal effect identification of rotor failure.

Figure 2: Torque and current characteristics of a motor with broken rotor bars (dashed lines) and of an undamaged motor.

Coupling magneto thermal eld

Simulation of induction motor rotor warm-up was made using FLUX 8.10 magneto-thermal module.

Figure 3: Torque variations of motors working with constant rotational speed versus warm-up time. (continued on page 7)

N 52 - October 2006 - CEDRAT - CEDRAT TECHNOLOGIES - MAGSOFT Corp.

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Presented further calculated results are for constant nominal rotational speed (1410 rpm) for undamaged motor and speed 1392 rpm for motor with three broken rotor bars.

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Heating of the induction motor rotor with damaged squirrel-cage. (continued)

is about 1 deg C. Temperature differences in undamaged motor are similar.

Ludwik ANTAL, Maciej ANTAL Institute of Electrical Machines, Drives and Measurements, Wrocaw University of Technology.

Conclusions
Obtained calculated results show that steady rotor temperature of motor with three broken rotor bars working at nominal load is 13,5 deg C higher than undamaged motor. The higher temperature is in bars situated at opposite side of rotor damage. Computed and measured

Calculations and measurements results

Magneto-thermal computations gave heating curves of undamaged motor rotor and rotor with three broken rotor bars (g. 4). Computations were realized for constant rotational speed (1410 rpm for undamaged motor, 1392 rpm for damaged motor) corresponding to constant nominal load. Figure 4 also shows measured heating curves of both rotors. Temperature measurements were obtained by use of infrared thermometers xed in motor cap plate (g. 5). It is possible to determine temperature distribution in rotor cross-section at any moment of above three hours warm-up. Examples of rotor temperature distribution in thermal steady state (t = 200 min) for both, damaged and undamaged motors are shown in gures 6 and 7. Comparison of temperature eld in different phases of the warm-up process shows direction of the heat spreading. In damaged motor temperature distribution is irregular but maximum temperature difference

heating curves are similar in range of steady state temperature. There are some differences in heat up rate between measurements and computations, which can come from calculations assumptions. Computations assumed linear dependence from temperature of electric and thermal properties. Measurements results show that these properties are not linear.

Figure 4: Heating curve of damaged and undamaged motor rotors.

Figure 5: Infrared thermometers use for measurement of rotor temperature.

Figure 6: Rotor temperature distribution of an undamaged motor (time = 200 min)

Figure 7: Rotor temperature distribution of a motor with three broken rotor bars (time = 200 min).

N 52 - October 2006 - CEDRAT - CEDRAT TECHNOLOGIES - MAGSOFT Corp.