Abstrak

Terdapat beberapa kandungan alami yang ditemui pada beberapa makanan yang mempunyai manfaat dalam aktivitas anti-kanker melalui efek anti-oksidan, anti inflamasi, dan peningkatan sistem imun tubuh. Contoh kandungan alami potensial itu adalah catechin, andropholide, curcumin dan genistein. Selain itu, terdapat juga bahan aktif lain seperti vitamin C, mineral, asam amino esensial, dan asam atsiri yang mampu merangsang sistem imun tubuh. Anti-oksidan akan menangkap radikal bebas dalam sitoplasma sel dan menetralisasi untuk mempertahankan normalitas sel. Peningkatan sistem imun tubuh akan meningkatkan produksi antibodi untuk mencegah invasi karisinogen dalam tubuh. Mekanisme anti kanker dapat pula terjadi melalui interupsi penyatuan karsinogen dan reseptor aryl hydrocarobon. Aktivitas anti-inflamasi diaktifkan menghambat produksi TNF-, IL-12, aktivitas NF-kB dan supresi prostaglandin dari metabolit asam arakhidonat. Aktivitas anti-inflamasi mencegah angiogenesis sehingga resiko metastasis kanker dapat berkurang. Efek sitotoksik sel Natural Killer pada sel target diaktifkan dengan melepaskan sitokin IFN-y dan TNF-. Selain itu, sitokin ini juga dapat merangsang lisis sel yang terinfeksi virus dan sel tumor dengan spontan. Semua hal di atas memfasilitasi terjadinya cell cycle arrest pada setiap checkpoint apabila ada kelainan pada kromosom agar sel yang telah mengalami mutasi gen tidak bereplikasi. Kata kunci: anti-kanker, anti-oksidan, angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest, karsinogen,

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Abstract

There is few natural ingredients found in food which have benefits in anti-cancer activity through antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory, and immune system enhancement. Examples of potential natural ingredients are catechin, andropholide curcumin and genistein. In addition, there are also other active ingredients such as vitamin C, minerals, essential amino acids, and volatile acid that can stimulate the body's immune system. Antioxidants will capture free radicals in the cytoplasm of cell and neutralise it to maintain normality of cell. The stimulated body's immune system will increase the production of antibodies to prevent the invasion of carcinogen. Anti-cancer mechanism occurred through the interruption between interception of carcinogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. While anti-inflammatory activity is activated by inhibit the production of TNF-, IL-12, the activity of NF-kB and suppression of prostaglandin from arachidonic acid. The Anti-inflammatory activity will prevent angiogenesis and reduced the risk of metastasis of cancer. The cytotoxic effect from natural killer cell is activated by releasing cytokines IFN-y and TNF-. Besides that, these cytokines also can stimulate lysis of infected cells by virus or tumour cells spontaneously. From the above activities, abnormal chromosome will be held by cell cycle arrest in each checkpoint to ensure that the mutagen will not be replicated.

Keywords: anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest, carcinogen

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