Industrial Engineering

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The average of rejected lots (100% inspection) and accepted lots ( a sample of items inspected) To calculate the AOQ for a specific fraction nonconforming and a sampling plan, the first step is to calculate the probability of accepting the lot at that level of fraction nonconforming. Then, multiply the probability of acceptance by the fraction nonconforming for the AOQ.

Sampling Standards

AOQ = Pac*p(N-n)/N w here Pac= Probability of accepting a lot p = Fraction defective n = sample size N = Lot size
The average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) is the maximum AOQ for all possible levels of incoming quality
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Examples

Industrial Engineering

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Average total inspection (ATI))

The average total inspection represents the average number of units that will be inspected for a particular incoming quality level and probability of acceptance

Sampling Standards

ATI = n + (1- Pa) (N-n) w here: Pa= Probability of accepting a lot n = sample size N = Lot size

Examples

Industrial Engineering

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Consider the comparison between sampling inspection and 100 inspection

Sampling Standards

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Industrial Engineering

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Break- even point

If the sample size is assumed to be small compared to the lot size , the break even point pb , is

Pb = I/A

Sampling Standards

Where I is the inspection cost and A is the damage cost

Examples

Industrial Engineering

Sampling Standards

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 and Z1.9 standards

ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2003 is probably the most commonly used standard for attribute sampling plans

Sampling Standards

Levels of Inspection
There are seven levels of inspection used in ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2003: Reduced Inspection Normal inspection Tightened Inspection Four levels of special inspection ; The special inspection levels should be used only when small sample sizes are necessary and large risks can be tolerated.

Examples

Industrial Engineering

Sampling Standards

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

A general procedure for selecting plans from ANSI/ASQ Z1.42003 is as follows:

1. 2. 3. 4. Decide on an AQL. Decide on the inspection level. Determine the lot size. Find the appropriate sample size code letter. See Table 1 from ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2003. 5. Determine the type of sampling plan to be used: single, double, or multiple. 6. Using the selected AQL and sample size code letter, enter the appropriate table to find the desired plan to be used. 7. Determine the normal, tightened, and reduced plans as required from the corresponding tables

Sampling Standards

Examples

Industrial Engineering

Example

The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

A manufacturer receives cable wires from its supplier in batch of 1000 every week. To properly inspect the wires, an engineer of the manufacturer decides to establish a sampling plan.
After talking to the supplier, both sides agree to use the following criteria to create the plan:

Sampling Standards

Acceptable quality level (AQL) = 2%, with = 0.05 Lot Tolerance Percent Defective (LTPD) = 8%, with = 0.10 User Minitab to design the acceptance sample plan Then Compare the following plans: Sample size = 100, Acceptance Number = 0 Sample Size = 100, Acceptance Number = 20 Sample Size = 100, Acceptance Number = 6 Using the same AQL, LTPD

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Sampling Standards

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Sampling Standards

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

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Industrial Engineering

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The Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)

Sampling Standards

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