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PREPARATION
P
HENOPLAST RESIN
Submitted by:Name:ishan Goel Class:XE-C Roll.no:
Acknowledgement
There are tinges when silence speaks so much tt more loudly than words of praise to only as good as belittle a person, whose words do not express, but only put a veneer over true feelings, which are of gratitude at this point
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of time I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my chemistry mentor Mrs. RAMPAL, for her vital support, guidance and encouragement -without which this project would not have come forth. I would also like to thank my parents for encouraging me during this course of this project Finally I would like to thank CBSE for giving me this opportunity to undertake this prject. Submitted by:ishan Goel
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that ishan Goel student of C-Lass Xtt -C Lovely Public Sr. Sec. School has completed the project titled Preparation of Phenoplast Resin during the academic year 2013-2.014 towards partial fulfillment of credit for the Chemistry practical evaluation of CBSE 2014. and submitted satisfactory report, as compiled in the following pages, under my supervision.
INDEX
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INTRODUCTION
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Introduction
1.WHAT IS BAKELITE?
Bakelite is a material based on a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin developed in 1907-1909, by the BelgianAmerican chemist Leo Baekeland. it was the first plastic made from synthetic components. it was used for its electrically nonconductive and heatresistant properties in radio and telephone casings and electrical insulators, and was also used in such diverse products as kitchenware, jewelry, pipe stems, and children's toys Bakelite was the first true plastic. it was a purely synthetic material, not based on any material or even molecule found in nature. Thermoset plastics form bonds between polymers strands when cured, creating a tangled matrix that cannot be undone without destroying the plastic. Thermoset plastics are tough and temperature resistant. Bakelite was cheap, strong,
PROPERTIES OF BAKELITE
y Bakelite is based on a phenol formaldehyde
restn with the chemical name polyoxybenzyl methylene glycol anhydride. y ft was formed by the reaction under heat and pressure of phenol, a toxic, colorless crystalline solid, and formaldehyde, a simple organic compound, generally with a wood flour filler. > The phenolic sheet is a hard, dense material made by applying heat and pressure to layers of paper or glass cloth impregnated wth synthetic resin. y These layers of laminations are usually of cellulose paper, cotton fabrics, synthetic yarn fabrics, glass fabrics or unwoven fabrics. When heat and pressure are applied to the layers, a chemical reaction (polymerization) transforms the layers into a hugh-pressure thermosetting industrial When rubbed, original y Bakelite has a telltale odor.
> ft was at one point considered for the manufacture of coins, due to a shortage o traditional manufacturing material.
^ An exception to the overall decline is the use in small, precision-shaped components where thetr specific properties are required, such as molded disc brake cylinders, saucepan handles, electrical plugs and switches, and electrical iron parts. > Today, Bakelite-type materials are manufactured and produced in the form of sheets, rods and tubes for many industrial applications in the electronics, power generation, and aerospace industries, and under a variety o commercial brand names
Aim
To Prepare phenopla st resin in laboratory.
Requirements
^ Chemicals:
e solution 37 ice aaetic aud conc
Glass wares:
2 beakers 50 mL beaker 100 mL snap-cap vial 50 mL glass rod 2
pipet bulb
arid
>
30 lA/t
The two compounds phenol and react with one another under release of heat to form a polymeric plastic.
THEORY
The structure of a phenoplast resin depends on ortho-para substitution and on the fact that substituting units don't lie in the identical plane
ChLOH
2.4-dimethyl I phenol phenol formaldehyde
ChLOH
O-LOH CH_OH
I'M GH
CHOH
- H0
CHOH
CHOH
section of the 3D structure of the phenoplast
as other substituting units. All of this gives the phenoplast 3D structure. e Phenoplast is a he at-resist ant, thermosetting, chemically stable resin, ft doesn't soften again when heated, rather than a thermo-plastic like styrene.
Experimental procedure
I. 10 g of phenol, 12.5 ml of formaldehyde and 27.5 mL of ice acetic aetd are mixed in a beaker. ( ( . 2 4 m L o f c o n e . H C l a re slowly added to the mixture while atirring with the help of clean glass rod
heat the contents until a white substance precipitates. ( V . C o n t i n u e h e a t i n g u n t il the white substance precipitated completely dissolves in the solution and gives a clear solution.
Phenoylast Resin
> Phenol is acute poisoning by ingestion, inhalation or skin contact may lead to death. Phenol is readily absorbed through the skin. Highly toxic by inhalation.
TOXIC ______
> Conc. hydrochloric acid is corrosive. Inhalation of vapour can cause serious injury, ingestion may be fatal. Liquid can cause severe damage to skin and eyes.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
> www.GoogLe.com > www.wikipedia.com > www.tcbse.com > www. Unoregon.edu > www. tut on/ista.com > www.niton.com > www.chemie.uni~regensburg.de
044/ .