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White Paper

White Paper

Enhanced Data Rates


for GSM Evolution
EDGE
Nokia’s vision for a service platform
supporting high-speed data applications

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White Paper

Contents
Executive summary 3
EDGE 4
EDGE brings more speed and
capacity when needed 4
EDGE boosts data rates 5
EDGE complements UMTS 5
EDGE builds on existing GSM network 5
EDGE data applications 6
Enhanced General Packet Radio Service 6
Enhanced Circuit Switched Data 6
Market potential 6
Added benefits with EDGE 7
For the operator 7
For the end user 7
Conclusions 7

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White Paper

Executive data applications – Web


browsing, access to corporate
EDGE is especially attractive to
GSM 900, GSM 1800 and

summary data bases, and so on – would


benefit from higher transmission
GSM 1900 operators that do
not have a licence for UMTS,
speeds when used over the but still wish to offer competitive
The business of wireless data mobile network. HSCSD will personal multimedia applications
is expected to grow in the region significantly improve utilising the existing band
of 100–200 % per annum performance, especially for allocation. Also, EDGE can
and the mobile communications time-critical applications. co-exist with UMTS, for instance
industry agrees that wireless GPRS will enable cost-effective to provide high speed services
data services will form the wireless access to applications for wide-area coverage while
foundation for future business. that rely upon data bursts, UMTS is deployed in urban
The enormous success of short adding packet switching to hot spots.
messaging in many countries GSM with a packet-based air
proves that people accept the interface on top of the current In the US, EDGE is part of the
benefits of non-voice services. circuit switched mode of IS-136 High Speed concept which
operation. GPRS will provide is one of the third generation
We are now facing the the connectivity needed in RTT (Radio Transmission
introduction of Wireless packet-switched data networks Technology) proposals from
Application Protocol (WAP) as such as the Internet. TR45. EDGE will be also
well as the higher transmission standardised in US which makes
speeds of High Speed Circuit EDGE, a new radio interface possible to achieve a global
Switched Data (HSCSD), soon technology with enhanced mobile radio system with many
to be joined by the convenience modulation, increases the services characteristic to third
of “always on-line” direct HSCSD and GPRS data rates generation systems.
internet connections with by up to three fold. EDGE
General Packet Radio Service modulation will increase the data Nokia is dedicated to supporting
(GPRS). These standards will throughput provided by the GSM operators with wireless
enable greater sophistication as packet switched service even over data solutions that help them
end-user services move towards 400 kbit/s per carrier. Similarly, create value in the market place,
personal multimedia. A new the data rates of circuit switched both now and in the future.
technology, Enhanced Data Rates data can be increased, or existing Wireless data is steady evolution,
for GSM Evolution (EDGE) data rates can be achieved using not revolution. With Nokia’s
will be introduced to boost fewer timeslots, saving capacity. experience, the operator starting
network capacity and data rates Accordingly, these higher today with wireless data can
of both circuit switching speed data services are referred accumulate the skills and
(HSCSD) and packet switching to as EGPRS (Enhanced GPRS) know-how to build a strong
(GPRS), to meet the demands and ECSD (Enhanced Circuit market position, all the way
of wireless multimedia Switched Data). to third generation systems and
applications and mass market the personal multimedia era.
deployment. EDGE, expected to be deployed This White Paper describes
in 2000–2001, is a major Nokia’s understanding of the role
Many wireless data applications improvement in GSM phase 2+. and benefits of EDGE as wireless
today can be implemented As a modification to existing data evolves towards personal
with 9.6 kbit/s data. However, GSM networks, EDGE does not multimedia.
bandwidth-hungry fixed line require new network elements.

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White Paper

EDGE HSCSD (High Speed Circuit


Switched Data) and GPRS
standard GSM. This means
that EDGE TRXs (transceivers)
(General Packet Radio Service), carry more data per time slot,
The GSM standard is being introduced to GSM in 1998 and decreasing the need for new
developed to support mobile 1999 respectively, will enable TRXs/frequencies. In addition,
services with radio interface data cellular operators to offer higher end user response times decrease,
rates even over 400 kbit/s. than 9.6 kbit/s data rates to ensuring good service levels as
This work is being performed their subscribers for new data data usage increases.
under the ETSI work item applications.
EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates It could be possible for EDGE
for GSM Evolution). Cellular operators that have Phase 2 to provide a voice service
invested in HSCSD and GPRS using AMR (Adaptive Multirate
The major change in the GSM expect to be able to offer higher Codec) type of solution.
standard to support higher data data rates without building too EDGE TRXs would then be
rates is the new modulation many new sites. The ECSD capable of carrying multiple
system, known as 8PSK (Phase (Enhanced Circuit Switched speech calls per time slot,
Shift Keying). This will not Data) and EGPRS (Enhanced increasing voice capacity. Also,
replace but rather co-exist with General Packet Radio System) high quality codecs, e.g 32 kbit/s,
the existing GMSK (Gaussian solutions offer data services would be feasible. EDGE as a
Minimum Shift Keying) comparable to 3rd generation voice solution looks especially
modulation. With 8PSK, it is levels with considerably interesting for indoor systems
possible to provide higher data fewer radio resources than in because of it’s scalable capacity.
rates with a somewhat reduced
coverage, whereas GMSK
will be used as a robust mode
for a wide area coverage.

EDGE brings more


speed and capacity
when needed
In mature GSM markets, cellular Figure 1. EGPRS and ECSD, enhanced packet and circuit switched services in GSM network
data penetration is forecast to
increase exponentially during
the early 2000’s. New wireless
GSM PSTN
data applications and innovative ISDN
NSS
terminal types will generate
completely new markets:
aggressive GSM operators can ECSD
expect to obtain up to 30 % of GSM
their airtime and revenue from BSS
wireless data by year 2000. EGPRS

GPRS
Backbone Internet

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White Paper

EDGE boosts EDGE will provide significantly EDGE complements


higher data rates on the current
data rates 200 kHz GSM carrier. The data UMTS
The Phase 1 EDGE standard, rates being specified by ETSI EDGE will allow operators
scheduled to be complete in the would bring ECSD rates up without a UMTS (Universal
third quarter of 1999, will to 38.4 kbit/s/timeslot and Mobile Telephone System) licence
contain both EGPRS and ECSD EGPRS rates up to 60 kbit/s/ stay competitive in wireless data
services. EGPRS will be based on timeslot. The data throughput markets. However, UMTS
the footprint of GPRS, whereas per carrier increases even over operators can also use EDGE for
ECSD will enhance the data rates 400 kbit/s. For ECSD, it is gradual rollout of high-speed
of HSCSD. It is expected that possible to support a 64 kbit/s data services and for wide area
packet data will dominate circuit real time service with a low bit coverage where UMTS would
switched data in future GSM error ratio (BER) by allocating be used for urban areas.
data networks, calling for EGPRS two time slots of 32 kbit/s each.
solutions with high flexibility The enhanced modulation EDGE builds
and spectral efficiency. Also, will adapt to radio circumstances
the high data rate real time and hence offer the highest data on existing GSM
services provided with ECSD are rates in good propagation network
seen as important for conditions, whilst ensuring wider
applications such as video area coverage at lower data Due to the new air interface
retrieval and video telephony. speeds per timeslot. modulation and the greatly
increased data rates, some
software and hardware changes
will be required to make a
network EDGE capable and
new mobile terminals are
required for enhanced services.
However, EDGE will not require
any new network elements and
will be able to support older
mobile terminals with GMSK
modulation.
Figure 2. Data rate evolution, throughput in kbit/s per single radio timeslot

60

40

20

0
GSM Data HSCSD GPRS ECSD EGPRS

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White Paper

EDGE data Typical EGPRS applications are:


• On-line E-mail Market
applications • Web
• Enhanced short messages potential
• Wireless imaging with instant
With EDGE, GSM goes personal pictures Gradually, non-voice services
multimedia. EDGE will boost • Video services will account for one third or
all existing circuit and packet • Document and information more of GSM traffic and
switched services and enable sharing revenues. This will not happen
completely new high-speed data • Surveillance overnight, however, as wireless
applications. • Voice over Internet data is an evolution, not a
• Broadcasting. revolution. Thus a step-by-step
Enhanced approach to educating the

General Packet Enhanced Circuit market and introducing more


sophisticated services is vital.
Radio Service Switched Data EDGE provides a boost to data
Some applications, such as fax speeds using the existing GSM
The dominant data networking and video, require a transparent network, allowing the operator
protocol, on which most data service (constant bit rates), to offer personal multimedia
network applications are while other applications applications before the
running, is TCP/IP, the Internet (the Web, e-mail) can work well introduction of UMTS. The time
Protocol. All Web applications with non-transparent services. between EDGE and UMTS
are run on some form of TCP/IP, introduction clearly improves
which is by nature a protocol Typical ECSD applications are: the business case for UMTS and
family for packet switched • E-mail download and upload may prove to be instrumental
networks. This means that • Bandwidth-secure mobile high in gaining a long term advantage
(E)GPRS is an ideal bearer for speed LAN access over competitors.
any packet switched application • File transfer
such as an Internet connection. • Vertical applications such as As wireless data becomes
From the end user’s point of batch-type field sales available to all subscribers and
view, the (E)GPRS network is an information or document they demand a full set of
Internet sub-network that has transfer high-speed services and shorter
wireless access. Internet • Real-time applications response times, EDGE will
addressing is used and Internet demanding a constant bit rate provide an operator with a
services can be accessed. A new and transmission delay competitive advantage. EDGE
number, the IP address number, is • Time-critical wireless imaging also enables data capacity to
introduced with the telephone • Mobile videophony be deployed when and where
number. From the Internet’s point • Video on demand demand dictates, minimising the
of view, the (E)GPRS network • Live video streaming. investment required.
is just one sub-network among
many others.

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White Paper

Added Quick network implementation


EDGE will not require new Conclusions
benefits network elements and EDGE
capability can be introduced EDGE will provide the solution

with EDGE gradually to the network. for operators wanting to offer


personal multimedia services
Optimised network investment early and who need to increase
For the operator as GSM enhancement the data capacity in their
Flexible data capacity GSM network prior to UMTS
Migration to wireless deployment where the demand is. deployment. EDGE is especially
multimedia services valuable for operators that do
The operator can increase data For the end user not deploy UMTS.
revenues by offering attractive
new types applications to end users. Improved quality of service EDGE will not replace existing
Increased data capacity and investments or services but
Improved customer satisfaction higher data throughput will will upgrade them to a highly
Increased data capacity and decrease response times for all competitive level through gradual
higher data throughput will data services, thus keeping end investment.
decrease response times for all users satisfied and connected.
data services, thus keeping end EDGE rollout can satisfy
users satisfied and connected. Personal multimedia services increased data demand and
Attractive new types of produce increased revenues
Possibility of early market applications and terminals will by first launching EDGE service
deployment of third generation become available. in urban and office environments
type applications for business users and then
EDGE networks are expected Potentially lower price per bit providing wider area coverage as
to emerge in year 2001, when Lower cost of data capacity for private usage takes off.
mature markets are likely to high-speed data applications
start demanding multimedia gives the operator flexibilty in
applications. pricing.

Copyright © Nokia Telecommunications Oy 1999. All rights reserved.

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White Paper

NTC code: 0450_EN_0399_1.0 Libris


Copyright © Nokia Telecommunications Oy 1999.
NOKIA is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Any other trademarks mentioned in the document are property of their respective owners.
All Nokia products are subject to continuous research and development; we therefore reserve the right to alter technical specifications without prior notice.

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