SAMPLE REQUIREMENT AND LABORATORY PROCEDURE Jasa jasa seleksi bahan kimia an !ji lab"#a$"#i!m !n$!k EOR Melib!

!# N"m"# $en e# % &'()*+,-..(*CON*MS*RE*OT*/II*-,*REBID A. Ma$e#ials Re0!i#e Surtek requires the following fluids for the evaluation of the Melibur Field: 60 liters of crude oil 120 liters of roduced water !ore required is: Full dia"eter core# $ inch dia"eter or greater is best %reserved core is best. A ro&i"atel' 1( feet of core re resentative of the "a)orit' of the reservoir is necessar'.

*. S$a1e -% 2l!i 32l!i E4al!a$i"n5 1. 6a$e# Anal7sis %roduced reservoir water will be anal'+ed to hel select a ro riate che"icals for Melibur che"ical flood using A%, standard. 2. C#! e Oil Anal7sis !rude oil will be characteri+ed to insure it is re resentative of the Melibur field and free of interfering treat"ent che"icals. -using A%, standard. /. Alkali In$e#8a9ial Tensi"n S9#eenin1 A series of interfacial tension deter"inations at reservoir te" erature will be erfor"ed with alkaline agents to investigate the alkaline0 ol'"er rocess. 1ften reservoir crude oils with gravit' of less than 2/2o A%, tend to be so"ewhat reactive with alkaline agents roviding so"e in0situ generation of 3soa 4. -using A%, standard. $. S!#8a9$an$ S"l!$i"ns 5egardless of the interfacial tension between reservoir crude oil and aqueous alkali# addition of a s"all quantit' of surfactant can be beneficial. 6ifferent surfactants re resenting a range of available t' e and structure will be blended with and without the alkaline agents# and the interfacial tension values deter"ined. -using A%, standard. (. Phase Beha4i"# E4al!a$i"ns 7he hase t' e# volu"e# and descri tion# of blends of surfactant solutions and crude oil rovide another "ethod to select which che"ical blends will have the best otential to recover additional oil. %hase behavior entails blending the che"ical solutions with crude oil and allowing the solutions to incubate at reservoir te" erature. -using A%, standard.

6. P#" !9e 6a$e# A88e9$ "n In$e#8a9ial Tensi"n an Phase Beha4i"# After co" letion of the hase behavior studies# solutions which have the best otential to recover additional crude oil will be diluted with roduced water and the interfacial tension and hase behavior will be "easured. 7his "i"ics the dilution of the advancing che"ical front with reservoir water. -using A%, standard. 8. O:$imi;in1 Chemi9al S"l!$i"ns 7o ranked solutions fro" the rior work will be identified and concentrations of che"ical altered to "a&i"i+e fluid0fluid erfor"ance to deter"ine if either the fluid0fluid erfor"ance can be enhanced or if the sa"e solution erfor"ance can be achieved with lower che"ical concentrations "aking the econo"ics "ore favorable. -using A%, standard. 9. S$a$i9 Chemi9al C"ns!m:$i"n S$! ies Solutions evaluated in revious sections will be "i&ed with e&tracted# crushed reservoir core and incubated at reservoir te" erature. Aliquots will be taken at a ro&i"atel' 0# 1# /# 6# 10 and 20 da's and anal'+ed for che"ical content. 7he quantit' of che"ical consu"ed b' the reservoir core will be deter"ined to hel select the best for"ulations. -using A%, standard. :. Ca$i"n E<9han1e Ca:a9i$7 "8 C"#e 7o esti"ate the a"ount of calciu" and "agnesiu" which could be released fro" the rock and reci itate in)ected alkali# a colu"n chro"atogra hic cation e&change ca acit' of the core is erfor"ed. -using A%, standard. 10. P"l7me# A::a#en$ /is9"si$7 an S9#een 2a9$"# 4e#s!s C"n9en$#a$i"n %ol'"er solution a arent viscosit' versus concentration and screen factor versus concentration data will be generated for ol'"ers Surtek believes are a ro riate. ,f ca illar' ressure data or other ore radius data for the reservoir core is available# this infor"ation could be hel ful for selection of a ro riate ol'"er t' e. -using A%, standard. Fro" data gathered in the rior 10 ste s# an esti"ate can be "ade as to which che"ical solutions have the best otential to roduce additional oil on a fluid0fluid basis. Fluid design evaluations to this oint will take a ro&i"atel' ten weeks. !. S$a1e +% 2l!i 3R"9k C"m:a$ibili$7 ;inear corefloods using reservoir core are reco""ended to deter"ine rock0fluid co" atibilit' with in)ected che"icals. ;inear corefloods rovide rheological data about the non0 <ewtonian ol'"er solution=s behavior based on flow in reservoir rock. 7his data in turn is used to esti"ate the concentration of ol'"er dissolved in the interfacial tension reducing solution and in the in)ected water required to give a favorable "obilit' ratio. 7he coreflooding te" erature will be reservoir te" erature. 6ifferential ressures will be "onitored. 5esistance factors and residual resistance factors will be calculated fro" differential ressures. Fro" resistance factors and residual resistance factors# inco" atibilit' of rock and che"ical can be deter"ined as well as cla' swelling tendencies# fines "ove"ents# and esti"ates of required ol'"er concentrations to give adequate "obilit' control. >ffluent sa" les fro" corefloods will be anal'+ed for in)ected che"icals. Fro" these data# che"ical losses to the reservoir rock are deter"ined. 7he linear coreflood ortion of the evaluation will take about $ to ( weeks. 7o

i" le"ent a che"ical flood in the field# o ti"i+ation of the fluids "ust be erfor"ed with oil recover' corefloods using field ro ortioned in)ected volu"es of che"icals. 6. S$a1e ,% Oil Re9"4e#7 C"#e8l"" s 5adial or large dia"eter linear corefloods using reservoir core are reco""ended to give an indication of the a"ount of additional crude oil that can be recovered b' che"ical in)ection. 7he advantage of radial corefloods is the fluid flow atterns "i"ic flow of a vertical well better so in)ected che"ical banks thin as the' do in the field. 7his er"its recover' efficienc' losses to be h'sicall' si"ulated# as well as increasing the robabilit' of observing reci itation roble"s when the fluids in the core "i& with in)ected fluids. ?owever# Surtek can erfor" 1.(@ or 2@ dia"eter b' u to 12@ long linears for oil recover' corefloods if requested# or if the core is slabbed. 1il recover' corefloods rovide a h'sical si"ulation of erfor"ance observed in the field# as in the ad)acent figure of a sandstone reservoir radial coreflood using reservoir crude oil and water. 7he corefloods will be erfor"ed using reservoir rock and at reservoir te" erature. >ffluent sa" les will be collected a ro&i"atel' ever' (A %B. 6ifferential ressures will be "easured. 1il recover'# oil cut# resistance factor# and d'na"ic che"ical consu" tion data will be generated. 7' icall'# about si&teen oil recover' corefloods are erfor"ed to select the best erfor"ing che"icals. 7he first eight to ten corefloods should define the che"ical s'ste"# with subsequent floods used to o ti"i+e che"ical for"ulations# in)ected concentrations and volu"es# and to test erfor"ance in sand fro" another well or +one. 7he solutions for in)ection in corefloods will be selected fro" the fluid0fluid evaluation data. %ol'"er selection will be dictated b' linear coreflood results. %ol'"er fro" a single ol'"er "anufacturer will be used in the radial corefloods. 7he assu" tion is that ol'"er is added to solutions onl' for "obilit' control and an' of the ol'"ers evaluated in linear corefloods will give the sa"e oil recover' values if in)ected at sufficient concentration to give the sa"e "obilit' ratio. 7he radial coreflooding and final re ort hase will take a ro&i"atel' 18 to 20 weeks. Surtek=s ro rietar' in0house data bank on radial coreflood results on successful field ro)ects# such as the 6aqing Field in !hina# !a"bridge# >t+iko"# Carner# and other fields# will be used in the evaluation of the reservoir rock radial coreflood results. At this oint in the evaluations# a che"ical s'ste" for in)ection into the reservoir should be develo ed. <u"erical si"ulation will hel reduce the risk of translating the laborator' work to the field a lication. 1ften the onl' question re"aining after the above studies is what is the "ost econo"ic volu"e of che"ical to in)ect.

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In$e#:#e$a$i"n "8 Lab"#a$"#7 Da$a= Lab"#a$"#7 E4al!a$i"n Re:"#$= an Re9"mmen a$i"ns 7he data inter retation# a re ort# and reco""endations for which solutions should be used in the field a lication will be included in the final re ort. Surtek believes itsD rior e& erience in inter reting laborator' data and i" le"enting field ro)ects will be a valuable art in assisting develo a flood the reservoir.