Work through the tutorial by clicking the image or link below, then answer the questions below. Newton's Third Law
Part A
The action is: Earth pulls on Moon. What is the reaction?
Correct
Since the Earth is pulling on the Moon, the Moon is pulling on the Earth.
Part B
Which force is greater, the Earths pull on the Moon, or the Moons pull on the Earth?
Correct
Since the Moon pulling on the Earth and the Earth pulling on the Moon are a reaction pair, the strengths of the two forces must be equal to each other.
Part C
If the cannons recoil is the result of an equal and opposite reaction, why is the cannons acceleration lower than the shells acceleration?
ANSWER: The cannons acceleration is not lower than the shells acceleration; it has the same acceleration as the shell. Not as much force is applied to it. The cannon has more mass than the shell.
Correct
Since the cannon has more mass than the shell, it will have a lower acceleration because both objects experience the force. This can be understood from Newtons second law ( ).
Part D
Since movement of an object or system requires that a net force be applied to it, how can this occur if all action forces have opposite and equal reaction forces?
Newtons second law relates the net force and the resulting acceleration of an individual object. ANSWER: Sometimes there are singular (unpaired) forces acting on an object. The action force doesnt act on the same object as the reaction force. Newton was never able to explain this.
Correct
Newtons second law can be applied to each of the objects. In fact, this explains why the two objects can have different resulting accelerations.
Part E
In Lesson 3 of the tutorial, the horse is pulling a cart. What allows the horse to accelerate forward even though the cart is pulling back on the horse?
Correct
The net force exerted on the horse must be to the right if the horse accelerates to the right. The only two horizontal forces acting on the horse are friction (pushing forward) and the cart (pulling backward), so the friction force must be stronger.
Part F
Which of the following is NOT a statement or consequence of Newtons third law?
ANSWER: Every force has an opposite and equal reaction. No force can exist on its own. There can never be only one force acting on an object. All forces come in pairs.
Correct
Newtons third law doesnt specify how many forces can act on any one object (it just states that each of the forces will have a reaction force acting on other objects).
Part G
Which force diagram could be representing a reaction pair?
Correct
The magnitudes of the two force vectors are equal, and the vectors are pointed in opposite directions.
Part A
How does the force on the rifle compare with the force on the bullet, and why?
Correct
Part B
How does the magnitude of acceleration of the rifle compare with the magnitude of acceleration of the
Correct
Part C
How does the distance traveled by the bullet compare with the distance traveled by the rifle in the same time, and why?
Correct
Vectors Tutorial
Work through the tutorial by clicking the image or link below, then answer the questions below. Vectors
Part A
The length of a force vector indicates the ________. ANSWER: direction of force magnitude of force
Correct
The magnitude of the force is the strength of the force.
Part B
Two vectors are shown in the figure. Which of the four vectors also shown best represents the resultant vector?
Correct
The horizontal component of the resultant vector is equal to the sum of the individual horizontal components of the two vectors, and the vertical component of the resultant vector is equal to the sum of the individual vertical components of the two vectors.
Part C
For which situation is the tension of the ropes higher?
Correct
Since the vertical components of the two tension vectors must add up to the persons weight, the tension must be higher when the ropes are more horizontal.
Part D
A person is hanging from two ropes, as shown in the figure. Which rope is supplying the higher tension force?
Correct
The resultant of the two tension forces must point directly upward (to support the force of gravity). Since the left rope is directed more vertically than the right rope, the left rope must have a higher tension such that the horizontal component of the two tensions cancels out.