About LINK_STD

1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.
The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.

2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998) This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget. 3. Worksheets There are four worksheets included in this version. Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet. 4. Parameters
There are four types of parameter:

User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases. GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users. Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked. Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked. 5. Cell radius The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference. The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz recommended in GSM03.30. For further details and information please contact: Jun Xiang Product Management GPD Product Management - GPD xiangj@ecid.cig.mot.com phone: +44 1793 565680 fax: +44 1793 514215 Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

About LINK_STD
GPD fax: +44 1793 514215

Product Management - GPD

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

About LINK_STD

mast head

mast head

ere are more

Product Management - GPD

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

About LINK_STD

Product Management - GPD

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6

Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHz No mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS)
BTS Tx power
[1]

Uplink (MS to BTS)

42.5 dBm 0 dB 0.8 dB 41.7 dBm 3 dB 18 dBi 57.5 dBm 18 W
[2]

MS Tx power MS antenna gain Total EIRP BTS antenna gain Diversity gain Feeder loss BTS Rx Sensitivity
[3]

30 dBm 0 dBi 30 dBm 18 dBi 4 dB 3 dB -108.50 dBm

1 1

Combining loss Duplexer loss Total Tx power @ top rack Feeder loss BTS antenna gain Total EIRP

18 W[2,8] 14.8 W[2,9] 14.8 W 9 W[2] 562.3 W[2]

MS Rx Sensitivity MS antenna gain Fading margin (90% coverage[4]) Interference margin Antenna/Body loss

-100 dBm 0 dBi Fading margin (90% coverage) 6 dB

6 dB 3 dB 3 dB

Interference margin Antenna/Body loss

3 dB 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB

Link balance (downlink - uplink) Designed coverage

Designed pathloss Base station height Mobile height

0.00 dB

-108.5dBm Rx sensitivity
Number of sites/100km2 0.15 14.04 7.12 km
2

145.5 dB 30 m 1.5 m

Rural Environment

[6] [7]

Cell radius[5] Coverage/site 2 14.71 km 680 km 1.51 km

DUPLEXER Tx COMBINER Rx

Urban Environment

[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter [2] Power level after each RF device [3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack [4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation [5] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area) [7] Metropolitan centres [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner [9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

TCU

Cable TCU

Product Management - GPD

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

Antenna

Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB

W W

-108.5dBm Rx sensitivity

DUPLEXER Tx COMBINER Rx

TCU

Cable
Product Management - GPD

Antenna TCU

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6

Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHz With mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS)
BTS Tx power
[1]

Uplink (MS to BTS)

45.9 dBm 0 dB 0.8 dB 45.1 dBm 3 dB 18 dBi 60.1 dBm -100 dBm 0 dBi 38.9 W
[2]

MS Tx power MS antenna gain Total EIRP BTS antenna gain Diversity gain Feeder loss

30 dBm 0 dBi 30 dBm 18 dBi 4 dB 3 dB 12 dB 2 dB dB kHz dB

1W 1W

Combining loss Duplexer loss Total Tx power @ top rack Feeder loss BTS antenna gain Total EIRP MS Rx Sensitivity MS antenna gain

38.9 W[2,8] 32.4 W[2,9] 32.4 W 19.5 W[2] ##### W[2]

MHA gain MHA noise figure BTS noise figure [7] BTS noise bandwidth [7] BTS Eb/No [7]

Overall system noise figure 2.73 dB Sensitivity @ antenna connector -110.23 dBm

Fading margin (90% coverage[3]) Interference Margin Antenna/Body loss

6 dB 3 dB 1 dB

Fading margin (90% coverage) Interference margin Antenna/Body loss

6 dB 3 dB 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 150.10 dB Link balance (downlink - uplink) Designed coverage
Designed pathloss Base station height Mobile height 150.1 dB 30 m 1.5 m

Max. allowed pathloss 150.23 dB

-0.13 dB

-110dBm Rx sensitivity

Rural Environment

[5] [6]

Cell radius[4] Coverage/site 2 19.88 km 1241 km 2.03 km 13 km

2

0.08 7.70

Urban Environment

DUPLEXER Tx
[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter [2] Power level after each RF device [3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation [4] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area) [6] Metropolitan centres [7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner

Cable

Number of sites/100km2

Antenna

COMBINER

Rx

Product Management - GPD

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Issue 1 October 1997

TCU

TCU

TCU

[9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

Product Management - GPD

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

TC

DUPLEXER Tx Rx

COMBINER

Cable
Product Management - GPD

Antenna TCU

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

Product Management - GPD

TC

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Issue 1 October 1997

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6

Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHz No mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS)
BTS Tx power
[1]

Uplink (MS to BTS)

28 dBm 3 dB 1 dB 24 dBm 3 dB 5 dBi 26 dBm -102 dBm 7 dBi 0.6 W 0.3 W
[2] [2,8]

MS Tx power MS antenna gain Total EIRP BTS antenna gain Diversity gain Feeder loss

33 dBm 0 dBi 33 dBm 5 dBi -1 dB 3 dB

2 2

Combining loss Duplexer or Tx filter loss Total Tx power @ top rack Feeder loss BTS antenna gain Total EIRP MS Rx Sensitivity MS antenna gain

0.3 W[2,9] 0.3 W 0.2 W[2] 0.4 W[2]

BTS Rx Sensitivity[3] -107.00 dBm Fading margin (90% coverage)

6 dB

Fading margin (90% coverage[4]) Interference margin Antenna/Body loss

6 dB 0 dB 3 dB Interference margin Antenna/Body loss 0 dB 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 132.00 dB Max. allowed pathloss 126.00 dB

-6.00 dB

Rural Environment[6] Urban Environment

[7]

Cell radius[5] Coverage/site 2 4.39 km 60.6 km 0.75 km 1.78 km

2

Number of sites/100km2 1.65 56.26

DUPLEXER Tx

[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm [2] Power level after each RF device [3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack [4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation [5] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area) [7] Metropolitan centres [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF [9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

Cable

Designed pathloss Base station height Mobile height

126 dB 15 m 1.5 m

-107dBm Rx sensitivity

Designed coverage

Antenna

Link balance (downlink - uplink)

COMBINER

Rx

TCU

TCU

TCU

TCU

TCU -107dBm Rx sensitivity

Tx

COMBINER

Cable
W W

Antenna

DUPLEXER

TCU
Rx

TCU

TCU

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6

Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHz With mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS)
TCU Tx power
[1]

Uplink (MS to BTS)

46 dBm 0 dB 0 dB 46 dBm 3 dB 18 dBi 61 dBm -102 dBm 0 dBi 39.8 W 39.8 W
[2] [2,8]

MS Tx power MS antenna gain Total EIRP BTS antenna gain Diversity gain Feeder loss

33 dBm 0 dBi 33 dBm 18 dBi 4 dB 3 dB 12 dB 2 dB dB kHz dB

Combining loss Duplexer loss Total Tx power @ top rack Feeder loss BTS antenna gain Total EIRP MS Rx Sensitivity MS antenna gain

39.8 W[2,9] 39.8 W 20.0 W[2] ##### W[2]

MHA gain MHA noise figure BTS noise figure [7] BTS noise bandwidth [7] BTS Eb/No [7]

Overall system noise figure 3.06 dB Sensitivity @ antenna connector -109.90 dBm

Fading margin [3] (90% coverage ) Interference Margin Antenna/Body loss

6 dB 3 dB 3 dB

Fading margin (90% coverage) Interference margin Antenna/Body loss

6 dB 3 dB 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 151.00 dB Link balance (downlink - uplink) Designed coverage
Designed pathloss Base station height Mobile height 151 dB 30 m 1.5 m

Max. allowed pathloss 152.90 dB

Rural Environment[5] Urban Environment

[6]

Cell radius[4] Coverage/site 2 21.08 km 1395 km 2.16 km 14.6 km

2

Number of sites/100km2 0.07 6.84

DUPLEXER Tx

Cable

Antenna

-1.90 dB

[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm

COMBINER

Rx

TCU

TCU

DUPLEXER Tx COMBINER
[2] Power level after each RF device [3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation [4] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area) [6] Metropolitan centres [7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF [9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

Rx

TCU

TCU

2W 2W

DUPLEXER Tx COMBINER Rx

Cable TCU TCU

Antenna

DUPLEXER Tx COMBINER Rx

TCU

TCU

Linkbudget For General Purpose

No mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS)
BTS Tx power Combining loss Duplexer loss Total Tx power @ top rack Feeder loss BTS antenna gain Total EIRP 29 3 1 25 3 5 27 dBm dB dB dBm dB dBi dBm 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 W W W W W

Uplink (MS to BTS)

MS Tx power MS antenna gain Total EIRP BTS antenna gain Feeder loss Diversity gain BTS Rx Sensitivity 33 dBm 0 dBi 33 dBm 5 dBi 3 dB 0 dB -87.0 dBm 0 dB 0 dB 3 dB 119.00 dB 2W 2W

0.5 W

MS Rx Sensitivity MS antenna gain Fading margin Interference margin Antenna/body loss

-95 dBm 0 dBi 0 dB 0 dB 3 dB 119.00 dB

Fading margin Interference margin Antenna/body loss

Max. allowed pathloss

Max. allowed pathloss Link balance (downlink - uplink) Designed coverage

Designed pathloss Base station height Mobile height

0.00 dB

119 dB 10 m 1.5 m

1800MHz Rural Environment[2] Urban Environment

[3]

Cell radius[1] Coverage/site 2 1.62 km 8.25 km 0.20 km 0.13 km

2

Number of sites/100km2 12.13 798.52 Number of sites/100km2 5.60 171.69

900MHz Rural Environment[2] Urban Environment

[3]

Cell radius[4] Coverage/site 2 2.39 km 17.9 km 0.43 km 0.58 km

2

[1] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [2] Rural (open area) [3] Metropolitan centres [4] Hata Model (150 - 1000 MHz, refer to GSM 03.30)

Product Management - GPD

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Issue 1 October 1997

Key parameters

900MHz
Components Duplxer CCB CBF 3 Input CBF TBPF Max TCU Tx power Losses 1 dB 3 dB 4 dB 7.5 dB 1 dB

Worst case

Twin Band Pass Filter can be used to replace combining.

47.35 dBm This will lead to 20 W Tx power at top rack with one stage combining and a duplexer

1800MHz
Components Duplexer CCB Hybrid combiner Tx filter Max TCU Tx power Losses 0.8 dB 4.5 dB 3.2 dB 0.8 dB 47 dBm

Worst case Tx filter can be used to replace the duplexer to further improve Rx sensitivity This will lead to >32 W Tx power at top rack with a duplexer

Page 20

Key parameters

ge combining and a duplexer

mprove Rx sensitivity

Page 21