Nanotechnology in Europe

GNN Development Workshop 2005

Raymond Monk Ph.D.

Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies Unit
Research DG
European Commission

Disclaimer: Note that these slides are not legally binding and do not represent any commitment on
behalf of the European Commission
An Enlarging Europe
• Now 25 countries
with population of
460 million
• Enlargement to 27
due in 2007 (Bulgaria
and Romania)
• EU reseach includes
Israel, Turkey and
Switzerland among
others...
 Problem Solving Potential
• Development of new and useful products across a
wide range of sectors – address needs of citizens

Medicine Information Energy Materials Food, Water Instruments

and Technology Production Science and the
Health / Storage Environment

Drug GMR Hard Hydrogen Lightweight Remediation Tunneling

delivery Disk Fuel Cells and strong methods microscopy
 Economic Potential

• Markets for products

with nanotechnology
could rise to hundreds
of billion by 2010 and
one trillion thereafter
• Wide range of estimates
reflect enabling nature of
nanotechnology and
uncertain impact upon
wide range of sectors?
• „Lisbon“ agenda.....
 Where are we now?
Chemicals Industry
• 90% reduction in product
innovations since 1960 Industry Evolution
Rate of new product

Curve
introductions

Biotechnology
• Protein replacement
therapies for humans Large pharmaceuticals
• R&D productivity decreased
by 25% since 1990
Nanotechnology
• Nano-materials
• Nano-electronics
• Nano-health, etc.

Source: McKinsey

Time
 Making the Transition

Private

Knowledge
Funding

Public

-20 Yrs Now +20 Yrs?

Top Down Bottom Up

• Using knowledge to add value – a key approach

 Public Nanotechnology R&D
• Public funding for nanotechnology R&D is growing
rapidly to over 5 billion €/$ in 2004.
Public expenditure ( 1M€ = 1M$ )

6000

Europe
5000 USA
Japan
Others
FP6
4000
(EU)
NNI
3000 (USA)

2000

1000

0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Source: European Commission (2005)

 European Activities in
Nanotechnology R&D
• Several countries started national nanotechnology
between the mid-1980’s and mid-1990’s
• Overall investment of around 200 million € in 1997
has risen to around 1300 million € in 2004
• Levels of public investment vary considerably
between 0.3 and 8.5 € per citizen in 2004
• Transnational projects in the EU’s 4th (~30M€/year)
and 5th (~45M€/year) Framework Programmes
• Nanotechnology identified as a main priority area
in the 6th Framework Programme (~250M€/year)
• Proposed for Seventh Framework Programme...
 Public expenditure ( M € )

0,00
100,00
200,00
300,00
400,00
EC
G
373
er
m
an
y

293
Fr
an
N ce
et
he
U

224
ni rla
te nd
d s
A K

Source: European Commission (2005)

in

124
ss
oc gd
ia om
te
d

100
St
at
es
B

67
el
gi
um
60
Ita
ly
60

Ire
la
nd
33

Sw
ed
en
15

Fi
nl
an
d
15

A
us
tr
ia
13

Sp
ai
n
D
13

en
m
ar
k
9

G
re
ec
e
1
EU Public Funding in 2004
 Overall Funding in 2004
Other

Europe Others
Asia North 27% 28%
America

Japan
Europe USA 18%
27%

Private (Corp. + VC) Public (National, regional, state)

Total = $4 billion Total = $5.5 billion

Source: Lux Research Source: European

(2004) Commission (2005)
 Worldwide Investment in 2004

3,000

Private
Expenditure ( M$ )

1300 Private
1700
2,000

Private
1400
Member
States + States
Associated 400
1,000
1339

Federal Public
991 900
EC Public
477 480
0
Europe US Japan Others

Source: European Commission (2005) : Private figures based upon Lux Research
R&D Areas of Funding

• Broad range of R&D

supported both by
Member States and EC
• Apparent lack of nano
R&D related to energy
and environment
• No one EU country
covers all aspects –
need for cooperation!

Source: June 2004 International

Dialogue on Responsible
Research and Development of
Nanotechnology
 Overall Nano Publications
EU-25 ~ 40%

Analysis of 115 nano-relevent journals reported in „The Emergence of China as a Leading

Nation in Science“ Ping Zhoua & Loet Leydesdorff (2005)
 Specific Nano Publications
• Analysis of three core
nano journals reveals
a different story with
lower share
• Is this indicative of a
lower impact of EU-25
publications or other
EU-25 ~ 30%
aspects?

Source: Analysis of Journal of Nanoscience and

Nanotechnology, Nanotechnology and Nano Letters
reported in „The Emergence of China as a Leading
Nation in Science“ Ping Zhoua & Loet Leydesdorff
(2005)
 Impact of Publications
• Trend reflected by analysis of „nano“ publications
in other leading journals
6.0

5.0
% "nano*" articles

Rest of World

4.0 United States

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0
1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004
Year

Source: J. Murday, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

* Search of Science, Nature, and Phys Rev Ltr using “nano*”
 Worldwide Patents
in Nanotechnology

Source: European Patent Office, M. Scheu (2004)

 European Patents
in Nanotechnology

Source: European Patent Office, M. Scheu (2004)

 Summary of Patents
in Nanotechnology

Source: European Patent Office, M. Scheu (2004)

 Start-up Companies in
Nanotechnology (1997-2002)
Asia rest of w orld
4% 11%
France
4%

UK
Sw itzerland
6%
4%
Europe
US 29%
55% others
5%

Germany
11%

Source: CEA, Bureau d’Etude Marketing

 The European Landscape
• Enjoys strong public R&D investment in nano
mostly at national/regional level but....
• While there is much knowledge generated in
terms of publications the impact is less clear
• EU countries have very disparate ranges of R&D
intensity and specalisations
• Overall lower level of private R&D investment and
less intensive commercial activities (start-ups)
• Evidence that Europe is proportionately weaker in
protecting knowledge via patents
• How can we help to maximise the impact and
efficiency of European research?
 Nanotechnology R&D in
the EU Sixth Framework
Infrastructure
NEST SMEs 2% Infrastructure
1% 3% 2%
Marie Curie
14% Marie Curie
9%

NMP
IST NMP 57%
27% 58% IST
27%

2004 2005
 EU Integrated Project
“Cell Programming
by Nanoscaled Devices”
Specific challenges: Objectives
- to turn “macro” medical devices
- to develop an automated
into nano-tools
device for the imprinting of
- to take individual care of every
cells via nanoscaled
single cell injected into the
macromolecular landscapes,
system
the NanoScapes
Total costs: 26.05 m Euro - to non-invasively produce
well-defined populations of
EU funding: 17.6 m Euro individually programmed cells
Duration: 48 months
Start date: 1st March 2004
Partners: 36
 EU Network of Excellence
“Nanoscale Quantum Simulations for
Nanostructures and Advanced Materials”

Expected Impact: Objectives

- to accelerate European - major developments in
expertise in the field of nano-systems computer
electronic excitation (DFT) simulations by developing
-knowledge generated can new fundamental theories
lead to invention of new and algorithms
functionalities for nanoscale - to integrate research
systems activities of different
- research groups by setting
EU funding: 5 million Euro up a European facility

Duration: 48 months
Start date: 1st July 2004
End date: 31st June 2008
NANOQUANTA
 Linking National
Programmes
• MNT ERA-NET started as a core group in January
2004, joining 8 support programmes with micro-
and nanotechnology foci from all over Europe.
• In January 2005, the MNT ERA-NET extended to 21
participating programmes in 17 European
countries
• Nanoscience ERA-NET also starting this year...
 Infrastructure: Capacities
• Launched by the CEA and brings together 3,500
people on a integrated campus: R&D, innovation,
education...
• Nanoforum survey of EU infrastructure and
networks is almost finished (www.nanoforum.org)
 Europe’s integrated and
responsible approach
• Communication Towards a European Strategy for
Nanotechnology adopted 12 May 2004

Societal
Issues
Infrastructure
Health, safety,
International Research environmental
Cooperation and and consumer
Development protection
Industrial
Innovation Human
Resources
 Good Response to the
Proposed Strategy
• Discussed in the European
Council and conclusions
adopted on 24 September
• Open consultation with 750
responses from a wide range
of stakeholders
• Opinion by Economic and
Social Committee on 15
November 2004
• Action Plan is now being
finalised and is about to be
published....
 Health and Environment
• Up to now, six dedicated R&D projects have been
launched at European level
• Total of Euro 10 million € (8 million € in 2005 alone)
and with calls for proposals currently open
 Communicating nano
The Commission funds projects
for communicating ethical, legal
and social aspects (ELSA) of
research in nanotechnology to the
public.

E.g. one project is based on

brochures, workshops and
website tools, another one on
visualisation of nanotechnology
in science museums and
exhibitions.
 Communicating Nano
Brochure:
“Nanotechnology:
Innovation for
tomorrow’s world” soon
in 23 languages
Film (for
younger people):
“Nanotechnology”
in 20 languages
Film:
“Nano: The next dimension”
All can be seen or obtained via
www.cordis.lu/nanotechnology/src/pressroom.htm
 Education and Training
• Nanoforum catalogue with 91 degrees / courses in
21 European countries (of which 28 degrees)
• Recent workshop on research training (see Popovic)
 Final NMP Calls of FP6
Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies
Deadline 15 September 2005 Budget of 120M€

1.1 Interdisciplinary research into understanding phenomena, mastering

processes and developing research tools
– Towards converging technologies (STREP)
– Standardisation for nanotechnologies (SSA)
1.2 Nano-biotechnologies
– Using nature as a model for new nanotechnology-based processes (STREP)
1.3 Nano-metre-scale engineering techniques to create materials
– 3D nano-structures based on elements other than carbon (STREP)
1.5 Applications in areas such as health and medical systems, chemistry,
food and the environment
– Nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery (IP)
– Interaction of engineered nanoparticles with the environment and the living
world (STREP)
 The Seventh Framework

• Proposals made for the 7th Framework Programme

(2007-2013) to be adopted by Council, EP in 2006
• Designed to respond to the need to invest in the
creation, the diffusion and the use of knowledge
• Four programmes: cooperation, ideas, people and
capacities with simplification of procedures
• Boosting the R&D budget for nanotechnologies
and materials to ~$1 billion / year (EC only)
• Strong industrial input from the research agendas
of the European Technology Platforms
• Together with Competitiveness and Innovation
Programme...
 Basic Structure of FP7

Cooperation––Collaborative
Cooperation Collaborativeresearch
research

Ideas––Frontier
Ideas FrontierResearch
Research

People––Human
People HumanPotential
Potential

Capacities––Research
Capacities ResearchCapacity
Capacity
+
JRC(non-nuclear,
JRC (non-nuclear,nuclear)
nuclear)and
andEuratom
Euratom
 FP7 budget
(EUR billion, 2004
constant prices)
Euratom
4,193
JRC
1,617
Cooperation
Capacities
39,134
6,594

People
6,279
Ideas
10,447
 Cooperation – 9 Themes
1. Health
2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology
3. Information and communication technologies
4. Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials
and new production technologies (€4.2
billion)
5. Energy
6. Environment (including climate change)
7. Transport (including aeronautics)
8. Socio-economic sciences and the humanities
9. Security and space
 International Cooperation
• Building upon the experience in FP6, aim to boost
cooperation between the EU and advanced Third
Countries (e.g. USA, Japan) in basic research
• Pool knowledge on issues of global interest such
as education, health, environment, metrology,
norms – also ensuring a level playing field
• Define an international “code of good conduct” for
the responsible development of nanotechnology –
key point for consumer and investor confidence
• Provide access to knowledge to economically less
developed countries to contribute towards the
prevention of any “knowledge apartheid”
Thank you for your attention!
Further information on EU programmes:
http://www.cordis.lu/nanotechnology
General information from:

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