COMMS 1: 1. It is the scientist who is engaged in the study in the field of acoustics ANSWER: Acoustician 2.

Who coined the term "cyberspace?" ANSWER: William Gibson 3. For educational purposes, who is the person who first disco ered! in ented the telephone? ANSWER: Antonio Meucci ". What is the fre#uency of the middle $? ANSWER: 262 Hz %. What is the fre#uency of the upper side! abo e middle $? ANSWER: 524 Hz &. It is the loudness le el 'in ()*+, of a watch tic-ing. ANSWER: 20 PHON .. What is the ma/imum limit time of e/posure on sound le els between 100 d1 and 110 d1? ANSWER: 2 minutes 2. What is the collo#uial name for the t 3rm "4hin 5thernet"? ANSWER: !"ea e#net 6. 7ocal 8ultipoint 9istribution :er ice '789:, operates at what fre#uency range? ANSWER: 2$ % &' GHz

10. ; ideo signal that has no sync signal is what you called ANSWER: Non%com osite (i)eo Si*nal 11. It is the gas that is used in <et engines. ANSWER: H+)#azine 12. ; satellite is put into final geosynchronous orbit from its transfer orbit by firing the ==========. ANSWER: a o*ee ,ic, moto# 13. ; terrestrial communications channel lin-ing an earth station to a local switching networ- or population center ANSWER: -ac,"aul 1". (olytetrafluoroethylene is also -nown as ANSWER: .e/lon 1%. For ::1 transmitter, the a erage power is typically ========== of the pea- en elope power, with a typical human speech ANSWER: 0 to '1& 1&. It is often called te/t messaging, is a means of sending short messages to and from mobile phones. ANSWER: ."e S"o#t Messa*e Se#2ice 3SMS4 1.. +orth ;merican type of sound file as a substitute for 8(3 ANSWER: A!%& 5olb+

12. ; table showing the pre>calculated position of satellite at any gi en time ANSWER: E "eme#is 16. )ow many )ori?ontal scanning lines are there in )94@? ANSWER: ''25 20. )ow long that a completes its orbit? ANSWER: '2 "#s A(: satellite

21. What is the other term for parity chec-? ANSWER: (e#tical Re)un)anc+ !"ec, 22. What is the other name for single button microphone? ANSWER: !a#bon -utton 23. Instrument that is used in measuring the irtual height of ionosphere ANSWER: 6onoson)e 2". ;n instrument used to relati e height, layers ionosphere regarding propagation? ANSWER: 6onoson)e measure in the wa e

2%. In a trape?oid modulation, 1003 modulation will result to what wa eform? ANSWER: t#ian*ula# 7a2e/o#m

R-LAX_2008

2&. It is the type of na igation that is based in +ewtonBs 7aw of motion ANSWER: 6ne#tial Na2i*ation 2.. What type of na igation system that currently used in aircraft, submarines, spacecraft and guided missiles. ANSWER: 6ne#tial Na2i*ation S+stem 22. What is the successor of 1luetooth? ANSWER: 8isbon 26. What is the successor of 1luetooth after 7isbon? ANSWER: Seattle 30. $arrier fre# is also -nown as ANSWER: #est /#e9 31. Who de eloped the superheterodyne recei er ANSWER: E)7in A#mst#on* 32. When the angle of incidence is e#ual to the angle of refraction, the light in the fiber optics is in what direction ANSWER: alon* t"e no#mal at" 33. What refers to the sampling of analog signal using a sample and hold circuit, such that the sample has the same amplitude for its whole duration ANSWER: /lat to sam le 3". What is the antenna height of a $1 '$iti?en 1and, radio? ANSWER: 60 /t abo2e t"e *#oun) an) 20 abo2e t"e buil)in*

3%. What is the nearest star in the solar system ANSWER: #o:ima centau#i 3&. ; roc-et has two satellites, the smaller will continue to propel in the space after the bigger satellite has been launched. What do you call this bigger satellite ANSWER: initial a+loa) 3.. What antenna is used in radar? ANSWER: "o#n 7it" a#abolic #e/lecto# 7"ic" #otates &60 )e*#ee 32. What is the distance which needs a repeater in the microwa e communication ANSWER: 40 ,m 36. 4errestrial microwa e antennas has an input and output impedance of ======== ohms. ANSWER: 50 "0. Cadio format that uses 8peg " ideo compression ANSWER: 5i2: "1. What is the typical alue of elocity factor of an open wire transmission line? ANSWER: 0;< "2. 4ype of resistor use to reduced flic-er noise oltage '0.02 to 0.2 m@, ANSWER: metal /ilm

"3. In 2002, a standard for '1W;, 1roadband Wireless ;ccess was introduced and in the I555 standard it is more commonly -nown as 202.1&. 4his also refers to ANSWER: WiMa: "". 4he current digital ideo specification that used ideo compression ANSWER: MPEG 4 "%. 202.1%." also -nown as ANSWER: =i*bee "&. In radio communication, what is the point on a line between the earthDs center and an obser er, located further from the earthDs center on a point? ANSWER: Na)i# ".. ; camera tube that is formed from lead o/ide '(b*, ANSWER: Plumbicon "2. What part of isible spectrum where camera pic- up that has the greatest output? ANSWER: >ello7 G#een "6. In a telephone channel, if the total ia net loss of a gi en trun- circuits e/ceeds appro/imately 2.% d1, a de ice -nown as =========== is inserted. ANSWER: Ec"o Su #esso# %0. In $84:, the fre#uency separation between forward and re erse channel is ANSWER: 45 MHz
R-LAX_2008

%1. )elical antennas are often used for satellite trac-ing at @)F because of the ANSWER: ?a#a)a+ e//ect %2. What formula is used to calculate the o erall noise performance if recei er or of multiple state of CF amplification? ANSWER: ?#iis ?o#mula %3. What is I555 standard for WiFi? ANSWER: @02;''b %". )igh definition 4@ picture contains about 5 times as much info as the present +4:$ 4@. %%. $ommunication antenna used with rotating satellite which the antenna is continuously ad<usted with respect to the satellite so that the antenna illuminates a certain part of the earth surface. ANSWER: 5es un antenna %&. ;n acoustic scale whose inter als are e/actly consonant ANSWER: )iatonic %.. What is the typical alue of elocity factor of a twin lead transmission line? ANSWER: 0;@ %2. What is the typical alue of elocity factor of a open wire transmission line? ANSWER: 0;<

%6. Cadio blac-out on the entire sunlit side of the 5arth lasting for a number of hours ANSWER: R5 &0. :e ere )F radio communications blac-out occurs mostly on the sunlit side of 5arth for one to two hours ANSWER: R4 &1. ; wide area blac-out of )F radio communication as well as loss of radio contact for about an hour on the sunlit side of 5arth. ANSWER: R& &2. 8oderate limited blac-out of )F radio communications on sunlit side occur , loss of radio contact for tens of minutes ANSWER: R2 &3. 7imited blac-out of )F radio communications on sunlit side occur, loss of radio contact in an occasion. ANSWER: R' &". What is the orbital time of 85* satellite? ANSWER: 5 to '2 "#s &%. Is the process by which a permanent, low>loss, high strength, welded <oint is formed between two optical fibers? ANSWER: /usion s licin*

&&. In ol es many different approaches for bringing the two ends of the fibers into alignment and then clamping them within a <ointing structure or gluing them together========== ANSWER: mec"anical s licin* &.. With this method, the signal modulates a carrier that is linearly swept o er the band being used ANSWER: c"i# &2. *ne bit time for the pseudorandom code is called a ANSWER: c"i &6. What is the last amplifier stage of ============== amplifier? ANSWER: o7e# am li/ie# .0. ; submarine at greater depth can deploy a ============== about 2.000 feet long, but 200 feet of it must float on the surface for proper reception ANSWER: t#ailin* 7i#e antenna Here is a listing of typical excess noise for various resistor types, given as RMS microvolts per volt applied across the resistor, measured over one decade of frequency: .1. 4he typical e/cess noise 'flic-er noise, for carbon resistor? ANSWER: 0;'A( to &;0 A(

R-LAX_2008

.2. 4he typical e/cess noise 'flic-er noise, for carbon film resistor? ANSWER: 0;05 A( to 0;& A( .3. 4he typical e/cess noise 'flic-er noise, for metal film resistor? ANSWER: 0;02 A( to 0;2 A( .". 4he typical e/cess noise 'flic-er noise, for wire>wound resistor? ANSWER: 0;0' A( to 0;2A( .%. 59A5 produces a 3>bit word for e ery c"an*e in ca##ie# "ase .&. 1it stuffing in the )97$ protocol wor-s by transmitting on the sending side fi e consecuti e 1Bs from the body of the message and by inserting 0 before transmitting the ne/t bit. ... 8agic 4 is also -nown as ANSWER: "+b#i) . .2. It is the satellite component that senses the time or the incidence angle of solar radiation and pro ides electrical signal that may be used to compute the satellite orientation? ANSWER: sun senso# .6. ; few centimeters long solid insulated hoo- up wire that pro ides small capacitance to the ground that is ad<usted during circuit alignment by bending slightly in one direction or another. ANSWER: *immic,

20. 4he ma/imum radiation for electronic e#uipment must not e/ceed ============ mr!weeANSWER: '00 21. Cadiation e/posure rates produced by a 4@ recei er shall e/ceed =========== milli roentgens per hour at a distance of % cm from any point on e/ternal surface of the recei er ANSWER: 0;5 22. What e/presses the steepness of the s-irts or the s-irts selecti ity of a radio recei er? ANSWER: s"a e /acto# 23. :tandard signal format of a numeric paging recei er ANSWER: NE! 5& stan)a#) 2". 4he critical capacitance ariation of most aractors used in fre#uency modulators ANSWER: '2 to ' 2%. If the satellite is launched at the speed of e/ceeding 2%000 mph the satellite will not go in orbit and will brea- away from the gra itational pull of the earth and go out in deep space ANSWER: s ace #obe 2&. What is the oltage of the local loop on hoo-? ANSWER: %4@ ()c

2.. In a propagation medium such in the glass of an optical fiber ======= is the scattering of the electromagnetic wa e by particles with the si?e about e#ual or greater than the wa elength ANSWER: M6E scatte#in* 22. What 759 is usual signal source for plastic fiber? ANSWER: #e) 8E5 26. In color $C4, what refers to ad<ustment of the three electron beam so that each lens can phosphor dots on the appropriate color? ANSWER: u#it+ 60. What is considered as the simplest transmitter -eyed on and off to produce $W 8orse code? ANSWER: oscillato# 61. )ow many orbital planes which are e#ually spaced around the e#uator in A(: operational constellation? ANSWER: 6 62. What may cause ionic disturbance characteri?ed by rapid cluttering sound hence oice communication is poor? ANSWER: Au#o#a bo#ealis 63. 4he mandatory 2" ship>to>shore communications from 1610 to 1612 was the establishment by the E: Areat 1ritain and other maritime nation as the direct result of the sin-ing of the 2 famous ships ANSWER: ."e Re ublic an) .itanic
R-LAX_2008

6". When the called telephone is ringing , the $entral *ffice sends a pulse ;$ oltage to the calling telephone. What is the signal called? ANSWER: Rin*bac, si*nal 6%. What is the main accelerating element in $C4? ANSWER: Blto# 6&. I+ analog cellular system, the interfering signal strength remains appro/imately less than == of desired signal strength to assure negligible interference ANSWER: 2C 6.. What is the appro/imate fre#uency of 5 layer? ANSWER: 4 MHz 62. What is the appro/imate fre#uency of F 2layer? ANSWER: @ M"z critical

102. $ell site center that is mounted on a flat bed tractor used for emergency purposes ANSWER: !OW 103. Aeographic distance that is re#uired between cells used in identical fre#uencies in order to a oid interference between the radio transmission of these cells ANSWER: 5istance to #euse #ation 51R 10". Candom data sent continuously by the +I$ that disrupts the whole area networANSWER: Dabbe# 10%. :hifting of antenna pattern so that the ma<or lobe is at angle below the hori?ontal ANSWER: )o7n tilt 10&. 4erm used to describe ordinary oice telephony ANSWER: Plain Ol) .ele "one Se#2ice 3PO.S4

110. 9ielectric constant polyethylene insulator ANSWER: 2;2$

of

111. )ow much more feedpoint F does a folded dipole ha e than a normal dipole? ANSWER: 4 times 112. In 4@ system, if the 3.%2 8h? $ amplifier in the recei er does not operate, the result will be ==========. ANSWER: No colo# 113. ;llows users to access documents from widely separated sources of the internet using a common source ANSWER: Wo#l) Wi)e Web 11". What is the typical alue of line turn around? ANSWER: ';5 ms 11%. Which pulse in the @ blan-ing corresponds to 3) lines wide? ANSWER: ( s+nc 11&. F3 emission means carrier is fre#uency modulated by ==========. ANSWER: 2oice 11.. )ow many hori?ontal lines are blan-ed out in the frame of 4@ recei ers by @ blan-ing ANSWER: 42

critical

66. 4he 10 base 4 5thernet system is restricted only to ==========. ANSWER: '00m 100. What is the code used in 100 8bps 4/ 5thernet standard? ANSWER: & le2el Manc"este# co)e 101. (rincipal musical inter als is considered dissonant ANSWER: $:@

10.. 4ime period for a single time slot in the A:8 498; structure ANSWER: @ 102. 4he first note of the musical scale ANSWER: Root note 106. In $;4@ system, what is the output CF terminal match? ANSWER: '6 )-

R-LAX_2008

112. Which one is a non>continuous noise? ANSWER: 6m ulse noise 116. What is the refresh rate in (;7 ANSWER: 50 Hz 120. 1I:G+$ is found layer? ANSWER: 5ata lin, la+e# on what

ANSWER: 6P26 12&. In :tandard (ositioning :er ice ':(:, of a A(: positioning ser ice, What is the time 'E4:, :(: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: &40 nanosecon)s 12.. ; three>minute music file that is compressed into 8(3 format will ha e a file si?e of ANSWER: & Mb 122. ; three>minute music file that is compressed into W;@ format will ha e a file si?e of ANSWER: &0 Mb 126. In the I84 2000 system standard, what does "2000" mean? ANSWER: bot" means t"e +ea# t"at t"e s+stem is im lemente) an) its a #o:imate /#e9uenc+ assi*nment 130. It is a table showing the pre> calculated position of satellite at any gi en time ANSWER: E "eme#is 131. What is the currently used internet protocol? ANSWER: 6P24 132. 4his internet protocol has much larger address space that allows greater fle/ibility in assigning addresses and is able to support 122 bit of addresses. 133. What helps protect fiber against degration caused by moisture? ANSWER: !ablin* 13". In cellular system, typically how many cells in the fre#uency reuse plan format? ANSWER: $ 13%. What is the typical beamwidth of horn antenna? ANSWER: '0 )e*#ees to 60 )e*#ees 13&. In acoustics, what is the pleasant combination of sound inter als? ANSWER: !onsonant 6nte#2al 13.. In acoustics, what is the unpleasant combination of sound inter als? ANSWER: 5isco#)ant 6nte#2al 132. Cefers to any sonic, infrasonic or ultrasonic wa e which is emitted form electronic product as a result of the operation of an electronic circuit in such product ANSWER: Ra)iation 136. What is the measuring light that is human eye? ANSWER: P"otomet#+ science of isible to the

121. In (recise (ositioning :er ice '((:, of a A(: positioning ser ice, What is the hori?ontal ((: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: 22 mete#s 122. In (recise (ositioning :er ice '((:, of a A(: positioning ser icel What is the ertical ((: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: 2$;$ me4e#s 123. In (recise (ositioning :er ice '((:, of a A(: positioning ser ice, What is the time 'E4:, ((: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: 200 nanosecon)s 12". In :tandard (ositioning :er ice ':(:, of a A(: positioning ser ice, What is the hori?ontal :(: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: '00 mete#s 12%. In :tandard (ositioning :er ice ':(:, of a A(: positioning ser ice, What is the ertical :(: (redictable ;ccuracy? ANSWER: '56 mete#s

R-LAX_2008

1"0.

What is the typical range of idicon dar- current? ANSWER: 0;2 mic#oam e#e

1"1. What might be the typical range of mobile>to>mobile? ANSWER: ' to '0 miles 1"2. What is the typical noise figure of F54 and 85:F54 used at microwa e fre#uency? ANSWER: 2 )- o# less 1"3. Why does a high H circuit discriminate against harmonics? ANSWER: because o/ u#e# sine 7a2e ac 1"". What do you call the portion of the hori?ontal blan-ing pulse before the sync pulse? ANSWER: ?#ont Po#c" 1"%. What is the typical bandwidth of single mode step inde/ fiber ANSWER: 50 to '00 G"z1,m 1"&. CF radiation damage to cells of reproducti e tissues ANSWER: Genetic 1".. CF radiation dmage to other than the cells of reproducti e tissues ANSWER: Somatic 1"2. )94@ is in rectangular form and contains =========== times more information than the current 4@. ANSWER: 5

1"6. In radio communication, what do you call a point on a line, between the earthBs center and an obser er, located farther from the earth center than point? ANSWER: Na)i# 1%0. 4he elocity of geostationary orbit satellite is ANSWER: 6@$< statute miles e# "ou# 1%1. $able 4@ companies collect signals and programs from many sources in a facility called ==========. ANSWER: Hea) En) 1%2. What is the ma/imum power rating of $1 '$iti?ens 1and, I35 transmitter? ANSWER: 4W 1%3. What is the ma/imum power rating of $1 '$iti?ens 1and, ;35 transmitter? ANSWER: '2W PEP 1%". If mobile phone loses its signal, the transmitter will retransmit after ANSWER: ' to 5 secon)s 1%%. )ow far must the distance between the microphone and the mouth of the user? ANSWER: 2 inc"es

1%&. It is a de ice used to measure an indi idualBs e/posure to a ha?ardous en ironment ANSWER: 5osimete# 1%.. ; system where cables and wires are placed within the ceiling space and po-ed up through the fire resistant floor structure to the office or room abo e ANSWER: Po,e ."#ou*" 1%2. 4he typical transmit power for cellsite is ANSWER: '0 W to 50 W 1%6. What is the effecti e height of the antenna? ANSWER: '12 to 21& o/ t"e actual "ei*"t o/ t"e antenna 1&0. ; signaling path pro ided by a cable tele ision system to relay to subscriber terminals tele ision broadcast programs that are recei ed off>the>air or are obtained by microwa e or by direct connection to a tele ision broadcast station. ANSWER: !lass 6 !able .ele2ision !"annel 1&1. ; signaling path pro ided by a cable tele ision system to deli er to subscriber terminals tele ision signals that are intended for reception by a tele ision broadcast recei er without the use of an au/iliary decoding de ice and which signals are not in ol ed in broadcast transmission path.
R-LAX_2008

ANSWER: !lass 66 !able .ele2ision !"annel 1&2. ; signaling path pro ided by a cable tele ision system to deli er to subscriber terminal signals that are intended for reception by e#uipment other than a tele ision broadcast recei er only when used with au/iliary e#uipment. ANSWER: !lass 666 !able .ele2ision !"annel 1&3. ; signaling path pro ided by a cable tele ision system to transmit signals of any type from a subscriber terminal to another point in the cable tele ision system. ANSWER: !lass 6( !able .ele2ision !"annel 1&". Which of the following identifies the ma/imum transmitted power le el of a mobile phone? ANSWER: Station !lass Ma#, 3S!M4 1&%. Why tropospheric ducting is not used ery much in practical communication system ANSWER: because it is not #eliable 1&&. Which of the following is the last stage of the ;8 transmitter? ANSWER: PA 3Po7e# Am li/ie#4 1&.. What is the efficiency of the parabolic antenna? ANSWER: 55C

1&2. What is the total noise in the absence of the information 'intelligent signal, ANSWER: -ac,*#oun) noise 1&6. What is the data enhanced 1luetooth '2.0,? ANSWER: 2;' MHz rate of

1.&. ;ntennas with microstrip ($1s ANSWER: Patc" antenna

in

1... What is the wa elength range of sunlight? ANSWER: &00 nm to 2000 nm 1.2. What is the pea- wa elength of sunlight? ANSWER: 500 nm 1.6. Cadio system that was de eloped to pro ide ng high speed pac-et data access for A:8 networANSWER: GPRS 120. ; 3A wireless system can increase its networ- capacity by =========== percent as compared to lower generation wireless system. ANSWER: $0C 121. :ound pro ides all sorts of information, what information is related to mental processes of -nowledge, reasoning, memory, <udgement and perception? ANSWER: co*niti2e 122. What increase in sound le el is commonly percei ed by most people? ANSWER: 6 to '0 )123. ;t what loudness le el do pitch 'in mels, and fre#uency 'in h?, are numerically e#ual? ANSWER: 40 )-

1.0. What is the typical power rating of most 1luetooth de ices? ANSWER: 'mW 1.1. In the generator, which one is grounded in order to reduce the radio fre#uency noise? ANSWER: a#matu#e 1.2. What is the ma/imum @F tone that may be fed to a oice signal? ANSWER: E6 (B 1.3. In one atmospheric pressure, what is the elocity of sound in steel? ANSWER: 5'50 m1s 1.". 4he electronic serial number '5:+, assigned at the factory of cellular mobile phone consists of ====== bits. ANSWER: &2 1.%. 4he a erage oltage of a 3.%2 8)? modulated chrominance signal in 4@ recei ers is ==========. ANSWER: t"e b#i*"tness o/ t"e colo#

R-LAX_2008

12". ; ========== is essentially a cell site 'shelter, that is mounted on a flatbed tractor>trailer used for emergency purposes ANSWER: !OW 12%. 4his fi/ tuner is designed to pro ide <ust the e/act selecti ity re#uired to pass both the IF signals? ANSWER: SAW 3Su#/ace Acoustic Wa2e4 12&. :ingle pulses that can tra el through a medium with no dispersion. ANSWER: Solitons 12.. It is a uni#ue address for a pager ANSWER: !a co)e 122. 4ransmission of brief te/t message, such as pages or email, by cellular radio or ($:. ANSWER: S"o#t messa*in* se#2ice 126. In cellular or ($: system, connecting a mobile to two or more base stations simultaneously is called ANSWER: So/t "an)%o// 160. It is a number that identifies a mobile phone in a cellular systemJ the mobile telephone number. ANSWER: Mobile i)enti/ication numbe# 3M6N4

161. In cellular phone, a memory location that stores the telephone number's, to be used on the system. ANSWER: Numbe# assi*nment mo)ule 3NAM4 162. In the ;8(: system, a number transmitted by the base station to identify the system operator. ANSWER: S65 3s+stem i)enti/ication numbe#4 163. $ode which describes the ma/imum power output of a cellular phone ANSWER: Station !lass Ma#, 3S!M4

the electron beam and the wa e mo e at appro/imately the same speed ANSWER: Slo7%7a2e st#uctu#e 162. It is the method of pro iding high>speed data transmission on twisted>pair telephone lopps by using high fre#uency carriers. ANSWER: As+mmet#ical )i*ital subsc#ibe# line 3A5S84; 166. In a -lystron, it is a ca ity that elocity>modulates the electron beam. ANSWER: -unc"e#

16". In a 8edium earth orbit '85*, satellite, ; satellite in orbit at a distance abo e the earthDs surface of appro/imately ANSWER: @F000 to 20F000 ,m 16%. It is the change in direction of polari?ation of signals passing through the ionosphere. ANSWER: ?a#a)a+ #otation 16&. ; metal ob<ect threaded into a wa eguide to add capacitance or inductance. ANSWER: .unin* sc#e7 16.. In a microwa e tube, any de ice that cause a wa e to propagate at less than the speed of light, so that

200. It is a circuit for digiti?ing oice at a low data rate by using -nowledge of the way in which oice sound are produced. ANSWER: (oco)e# 201. It is an oscillator whose fre#uency is controlled by a binary number written to an internal register. ANSWER: Nume#icall+ cont#olle) oscillato# 202. It is a collo#uial term used to describe additional side fre#uency produced by o ermodulation or distortion in an ;8 system ANSWER: S latte# 203. ; signal consisting of two audio fre#uencies not harmonically related, used to test single sideband transmitters ANSWER: .7o tone test

R-LAX_2008

20". 4hese are now being used to KsignL important documents that are sent electronically ANSWER: 5i*ital si*natu#e 20%. $able>tele ision systems reduce losses by mo ing E)F signals to the @)F range. 4hey use fre#uencies ANSWER: bet7een c"annel 6 an) $ an) abo2e c"annel '& 20&. It is a low>le el signal in a telephone recei er deri ing from the transmitter in the same instrument. It assures the user that the system is wor-ing ANSWER: si)etone

entire telephone system, including local loop, to the fiber optics? ANSWER: ?ibe# 7oul) allo7 almost unlimite) ban)7i)t"F enablin* one cable to ca##+ all nee)e) in/o#mation se#2ices to t"e "ome 210. What feature of :*+54 allows data stream with different cloc- to be synchroni?ed? ANSWER: ."e a+loa) ointe# allo7s s+nc"#onization b+ in)icatin* t"e sta#t o/ a )ata /#ame 211. 4he use of :olitons and heterodyne reception may allow fiber optics to operate with much higher data rates and o er longer distances without repeaters than any other system now in use. 212. Why can ;8 radio stations often be recei ed at distances beyond the hori?on? ANSWER: G#oun) 7a2es /ollo7 t"e cu#2atu#e o/ t"e ea#t" an) *#oun) 7a2e can #o a*ation is ossible at AM b#oa)castin* /#e9uencies; 213. Why is antenna height important for line>of>sight propagation? ANSWER: G#eate# antenna "ei*"t inc#eases t"e )istance to t"e #a)io "o#izon 21". What is the main ad antage of fiber optics in 7;+s compared to twisted pair wiring?

ANSWER: ?ibe# allo7s /o# muc" lon*e# )istances bet7een no)es t"at can be use) 7it" t7iste) ai#s; 21%. What is downtilt and why is it often used for cellular base stations? ANSWER: 5o7ntilt in2ol2es s"i/tin* an antenna atte#n so t"at t"e maGo# lobe is at an an*le belo7 t"e "o#izontal; 6t can be use) to #e)uce t"e #an*e o/ a base station to #e)uce inte#/e#ence; 21&. What radio system was de eloped to pro ide high speed pac-et data access for the A:8 channels ANSWER: GPRS 21.. 4he most ambitious of the proposed 75* systems. ANSWER: .ele)esic S+stem 212. Why are soft handoffs not possible with the A:8 and 498; systems? ANSWER: -ecause t"ese s+stems use )i//e#ent /#e9uenc+ c"annels in a)Gacent cells so it is not ossible to communicate t"#ou*" mo#e t"an one call site at a time 216. Why are geostationary satellites unsatisfactory for communication from regions near the poles of the earth? ANSWER: ."e an*le o/ ele2ation to t"e satellite is too lo7 to be #actical in t"ese #e*ions;
R-LAX_2008

20.. Why is a :mith chart circular? ANSWER: -ecause it is a con2enient 7a+ to #e #esent t"e /act t"at im e)ances on a t#ansmission line #e eat e2e#+ one% "al/ 7a2elen*t" 202. What characteristic of solitons ma-es them interesting for long> distance fiber optic transmission? ANSWER: Solitons can #o a*ate /o# 2e#+ lon* )istance 7it"out )is e#sion 206. What would be the most important ad antage of con erting the

220. It is a recei er in which that signal is amplified at its original fre#uency before demodulation ANSWER: .R? 3.une)%#a)io% #ecei2e#4 221. 4he pulses in the ertical blan-ing inter al of a ideo that create interlaced scan. ANSWER: E9ualizin* ulses 222. What connector is popular in attaching test instruments li-e oscilloscopes, fre#uency counters, spectrum analy?ers, etc? ANSWER: -N! 223. In a -lystron, it is a ca ity that remo es some of the energy from the electron beam and transfers it in the form of microwa e energy output. ANSWER: !atc"e# 22". What connector is popular in attaching test instruments li-e oscilloscopes, fre#uency counters, spectrum analy?ers, etc? ANSWER: -N! 22%. It is the elocity modulation of a electron beam ANSWER: -unc"in* 22&. What is I842000 :tands for? ANSWER: 6M. stan)s /o# 6nte#national Mobile .elecommunicationsF an) 2000 #e/e#s bot" to t"e a #o:imate im lementation )ate an) to t"e /act

t"at t"e #o ose) s+stem o e#ate at about 2000 MHz

7ill 23". It is a special cable that consist of two parallel wires with a grounded shield around them. It is sometimes used for gigabit 5thernet. ANSWER: .7ina: cable 23%. 5thernet system that uses a special Kthic- 5thernetL. ANSWER: A stan)a#) classical 23&. ;nother problem with 1audot is that an error that is interpreted as a FIA: character can cause all the following information to be interpreted as numerical until the ne/t 74C: character occurs. 4o reduce this problem, most modern system use techni#ue called ANSWER: uns"i/t%on%s ace 3BSOS4 23.. 5ach bloc- of data is preceded by an eight>bit pattern called a flag, which signals the start of a frame. In :97$ and )97$ the flag consists of the bit se#uence ANSWER: 0''''''0 232. 4he I18 to-en>ring networuses twisted>pair wiring and can operate at either ==========. ANSWER: 4 Mb1s o# '6 M-1s; 236. 4he I18 to-en>ring networcould support how many nodes with special data grade shielded twisted> pair wiring?
R-LAX_2008

22.. I842000 8a/imum data rate for mobile user in high speed ehicles is ANSWER: '44,b1s 222. I842000 8a/imum data rate for mobile user in for pedestrian or perhaps slow mo ing ehicles is ANSWER: &@4,b s 226. I842000 8a/imum data rate for stationary user is ANSWER: 2Mb s 230. It is the only way to achie ed a wider aspect ratio with the current systems is to use fewer acti e scan lines ANSWER: 8ette#bo:in* 231. 8(5A>2 compression begins by reducing the number of bits re#uired to transmit a reference frame. 4his is done using an algorithm called ANSWER: 5isc#ete cosine t#ans/o#mation 35!.4 232. What ideo standard deals with low data rate ideo such as are often found in $9>C*8s, and on the internet? ANSWER: MPEG' 233. 4he standard for terrestrial digital tele ision transmission is calledM ANSWER: @%(S-

ANSWER: 260 no)es or 72 nodes using telephone twisted pair wiring 2"0. 8ethod of data compression by encoding the length of string of ones or ?eros instead of transmitting all the one or ?ero bits indi idually. ANSWER: Run%len*t" co)in*

ANSWER: 6nte#ca##ie# soun) 2"&. ; spurious pattern or other distortion in a facsimile record copy caused by unwanted modulation products arising from the transmission of a carrier signal, and appearing in the form of a rectified baseband that interferes with the lower sideband of the carrier. ANSWER: Hen)all e//ect

__________ containing more than one satellite. ANSWER: !onstellation 2"6. It is the cheapest 7;+ configuration, and if one station fails the whole system fails. ANSWER: Rin* to olo*+ 2%0. ; networ- station which all station attach to a common cable and the fastest 7;+ configuration. ANSWER: -us to olo*+ 2%1. $ellular radios that use F8 has a ma/imum de iation of ===========. ANSWER: E%'2,Hz 2%2. In the A:8 system, a telephone number that us uni#ue to a gi en user, worldwide ANSWER: 6nte#national Mobile Subsc#ibe# 6)enti/ication 36MS64 2%3. ; fre#uency multiplier can be created by tuning the output circuit of a class $ amplifier to a ANSWER: multi le o/ t"e in ut /#e9uenc+ 2%". 4he IIIIIIIIII is a ariation on the discriminator. It greatly reduces sensiti ity to amplitude ariations, at the cost of a %03 reduction in output oltage. ANSWER: #a)io )etecto#

2"1. ; data compression scheme that replaces repeated characters or bit patterns with a code indicating character or pattern and the number Note: The Kendall effect occurs principally repetitions when the single-sideband width is greater ANSWER: Run%len*t" co)in* than half of the facsimile carrier frequency. 2"2. 7ossless compression scheme generally loo-s for redundancies in the data for instance the string of ?eros can be replaced with a code that tells the recei ers the length of the string. What do you call this techni#ue? ANSWER: Run%len*t" co)in* 2"3. 5ncryption of data is important to ensure its pri acy. It is most commonly achie ed by using a public> -ey encryption to transfer a -ey to be used in ======. ANSWER: a s+mmet#ical #i2ate ,e+ 2"". It is the de iation of a wa e as it passes an obstacle that passes through a small aperture ANSWER: 5i//#action 2"%. It is a tele ision recei er design that uses mi/ing between the picture and sound carriers to generate the sound intermediate fre#uency.

2".. It is the interchanging of the fre#uencies of carrier channels to accomplish specific purposes, such as to pre ent feedbac- and oscillation, to reduce crosstal-, and to correct for a high fre#uency>response slope in the transmission line. ANSWER: ?#e9uenc+ ?#o**in* 2"2. ;bout the 7ow earth orbit '75*, satellite, the first problem is less important then it might seem. :horter range results in much less propagation loss and remo es the re#uirement for highly directional antenna. 4his ma-es antenna trac-ing less critical. In any case, if the antenna is mounted on a mo ing ehicle or person the direction to the satellite is constantly changing. 5 en with geostationary satellite. When real time communication is required, the only way to address the second problem is to use a

R-LAX_2008

2%%. It is the time between the instant of going off>hoo- and the instant of recei ing a dial tone. ANSWER: )ial%tone )ela+

R-LAX_2008