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CS0235

VIRTUAL REALITY
1.P.PRAVEEN 2.

T.ATINDRA SASTRY

Abstract:
Virtual reality (VR) is a technology which allows a user to interact with a environment, be it a real or imagined one. Virtual entities use advanced technology, including computers and various multimedia, peripherals to produce a simulated (i.e. virtual) environment that users recognize as Equivalent to real world objects and events. With help of specially designed transducers and sensors, users interact with displayed images and manipulating virtual objects and performing other actions in a way that create an actual presence in the computer generated environment. The unique features and flexibility of virtual give it extra ordinary potential for use in work related application virtual realities are used for visualization, representation, distance communication ,orientation and navigation. This article presents an overview to the concepts of virtual focusing on its application in a variety of work settings. This article concludes with a brief discussion of work-related developments that are expected to take place with in the next five years.

Keywords: Multimedia,transducers,sensors,visualization. Conclusion:

This article concludes with a brief discussion of work-related developments that are expected to take place with in the next five years.

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2. C.S.E. IIyear IIyear atindra_smile@yahoo.co.in praveen_mymail@yahoo.co.in PRRM ENGINEERING COLLEGE ______________________________________________________________________________ 1.C.S.E.

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INTRODUCTION Virtual reality (VR) is a technology which allows a user to interact with a computer simulated environment, be it a real or imagined one. In fact, it can be defined as a set of computer technologies which, when combined, provide an interface to a computer-generated world. In particular it provides such a convincing interface that the user believes he is actually in a three dimensional computer-generated world. A virtual environment is a virtual reality application that lets users navigate and interact with a three-dimensional, computer generated (and computer-maintained) environment in real time. A key feature of a virtual environment is that the user believes that he is actually in this different world. This is accomplished by immersing the person's senses using a head-mounted display or some other immersive display device. A second key feature of Virtual Reality is that if the user moves his head, arms or legs, the shift of visual cues must be those he would expect in a real world. In other words, besides immersion, in a virtual world we have navigation and interaction. Most current virtual reality environments are primarily visual experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or on special stereotypic displays; simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones. Some advanced, haptic (proceeding from sense of touch) systems now include tactile (haptic) information, generally known as forced feedback, in medical and gaming applications. Users can interact with a virtual environment or a virtual artifact (VA) either through the use of standard input devices such as a keyboard and mouse, or through multimodal devices such as a wired glove. The simulated environment can be similar to the real world, for example, simulations for pilot or combat training, or it can differ significantly from reality, as in VR games. In practice, it is currently very difficult to create a high fidelity virtual reality experience, due largely to technical limitations on processing power, image resolution and communication bandwidth. However, those limitations are expected to eventually be overcome as processor, imaging and data communication technologies become more powerful and cost-effective over time.

WHAT

IS

VIRTUAL

REALITY

Virtual Reality: A computer system used to create an artificial world in which the user has the impression of being in that world and with the ability to navigate through the world and manipulate objects in the world." Virtual Reality allows you to explore a computer generated world by actually being in it. One of the cardinal features of virtual reality is the provision of a sense of actual presence in and control over the simulated environment. This feature is achieved to greater or lesser extents in the various

applications of virtual reality, depending upon the goals of the particular application and the cost and technical complexity its developers are willing and able to assume. In the most technically advanced applications of virtual reality, known as "immersive" VR, the user is essentially isolated from the outside world and fully enveloped within the computergenerated environment. Multimedia peripherals such as visual display units and speakers are integrated into a helmet worn by the user, presenting stimuli appropriate to the simulated setting. At the same time, the

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system tracks the user's responses to the stimuli from the virtual environment via position and force sensors mounted to the helmet and a hand-held control device, data glove and/or body suit, and modifies the simulation accordingly . A person experiencing "Virtual Reality are known as cybernaut.

TYPES OF VIRTUAL REALITY: Three models of virtual reality Immersive Non immersive Desktop VR Immersive virtual reality: Immersive virtual reality is a hypothetical future technology. It consists of virtual reality /artificial environment in which the user is as immersed as they usually are in Consensus reality .Immersive virtual reality deals with direct stimulation of the nervous system to induce the sensations that made up the virtual reality in the nervous system directly. . Thus we receive all input from all the senses as nerve impulses. It would involve the user receiving inputs as artificially stimulated nerve impulses, the system would receive the CNS outputs (natural nerve

impulses) and process them allowing the user to interact with the virtual reality. For example VirtuSphere Immersive Virtual Reality is a new technology provides a mechanical basis for truly immersive virtual reality environments, permitting the user to move about in virtual space by simply walking.

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to rotate freely as the user walks in any direction. The user wears a headmounted display, which provides the virtual environment. Sensors under the sphere provide subject speed and direction to the computer running the simulation. Users can even interact with objects in virtual space using a special manipulator. DESTOP VIRTUAL REALITY: Desk-top virtual reality refers to computer programs that simulate a real or imaginary world in 3D format that is displayed on screen. In desktop VR, a user views a three dimensional simulation of a procedure or an environment where a topic is illustrated via a computer monitor Desktop VR in action representing real life scenarios in realistic terms for procedural tasks may be valuable for learning the task. A surgeon reviewing a difficult medical procedure can manipulate a simulated organ of the patient to be operated on in 3D to examine all the veins and arteries. A baseball player can evaluate his own batting performance from multiple angles to see where his swinging technique falls short.

The device consists of a large hollow sphere which is mounted on a specially designed platform that allows the sphere

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APPLICATIONS Virtual reality is playing a mian role in the present era in development of technology

Virtual reality is used in many fields like Architecture,training,games,fashion technology,medical etc.

1. Architecture, design and prototyping Architecture Walkthroughs to evaluate design decisions and/or present designs to customers Demonstrate how a planned construction fits into the environment in which it is intended to be built Design and prototyping Use to create rapid prototypes rather than make clay models or full-scale mock-ups Simulate assembly lines. For example, to evaluate the risk of interference or collision between robots, cars , and car parts

e.g. Design of Control room. 2. Education and conferencing Education Visualize concepts Visualize the past ('Virtual Heritage') Conferencing and Virtual Classrooms E.g. A Molecule 3. Training Civilian and military training simulators Driving simulators Flight simulators Ship simulators Tank simulators Train for hazardous or difficult operations Nuclear plant maintenance. Learn to move in zero gravity Practice locating and fixing faults in equipment

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Inside a nuclear power plant inside a transformer room

The figure shows the trainee experiencing the realistic effect of flying a plane.

4. Medical Surgery Practice performing surgery Perform surgery on a remote patient Rehabilitation Phobia therapy Use VR input devices and telepresence to enable handicapped people to do things that would otherwise be impossible for them to do Enable handicapped people to visit/see places that they would be otherwise unable to experience Use VR to teach new skills in a safe, controlled, environment

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5. Art and leisure Art Virtual galleries and museums Virtual theatres As a new visual/sensory medium Leisure Games Sport simulators

A 3-D video game

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6. Business and visualization

Business

3D visualization of complex financial information Demonstrate customizable products to customers (cars, kitchens,)

Scientific visualization

View complex data sets to gain greater insight and understanding of structure View complex molecular structures View geological structures

Visualizing Cyberspace

3D navigational interfaces to the Net

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