Carbon Steel

Is an iron base alloy containing carbon, manganese and other alloying elements. Its properties mainly depend on amount of carbon. Is not regarded as corrosion or oxidation resistant above 538 deg. C. Low Carbon steel contains $edium Carbon steel contains %igh Carbon steel contains !.!8 " !.3! # Carbon !.3! " !.83 # Carbon !.85 " &.5! # Carbon

Chemical Composition
Carbon 'ange ( !.!8 " &.!) wt # $ost important alloying single element in the steel. *bove certain limits hot or cold wor+ is not practical. *s carbon increases , -trength increases , %ardness and hardenability increases , .oughness decreases , /uctility decreases 'ange ( !.5! " 0.!! wt # /eoxidi1es the melt 2steel3 Improves hot wor+ing Increases strength Increases hardenability Improves machinability 'ange ( !.&! " 0.5! wt # , 4&.! wt # usual , &.5 " 0.5 wt # increases hardenability , &.&5 "&.55 wt # improves oxidation and corrosion but difficult to process 6rincipal deoxidi1er Increases strength slightly but no loss in ductility !.!) wt # max Contaminations /egrades steel !.!5 wt # max Contaminations /egrades steel !.5 wt # " 8.! wt # 9sed in low alloy steel Increase resistance to corrosion and oxidation Increase high temperature strength Increase hardenability

$anganese

-ilicon

6hosphorus

-ulfur 7

Chromium

$olybdenum

!.&5 wt # " &.! wt # Increases hardenability $inimi1es temper embrittlement in chrome steel Increases high temperature tensile Increases creep strength in steel &.! wt # " ).! wt # Improves toughness of steel in low temperature -trengthens ferrite Increases resistance of steel to crac+ing and distortion during ;uenching Combined with Cr and $o, improves strength, hardenability and toughness !.0 wt # " !.5 wt # Improve resistance to atmospheric corrosion -cavenge oxygen and nitrogen in <oron steel Increases effectiveness of <oron in increasing hardenability Combines with carbon in stainless steel 2stabili1e3 =ormerly +nown as Columbium Lowers transition temperature and increases strength of low alloy steel Imparts fine grain si1e 'etards tempering Increases steel strength at elevated temperature /ecreases hardenability Combines with carbon to prevent sensiti1ation and intergranular corrosion in &8 " 8 stainless steel 9sed in stabili1ed stainless steel electrodes for welding both .i and :b stainless steel

:ic+el

Copper .itanium

:iobium