FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN DAN ALAM BINA JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA KKKR3554 PROSES PEMISAHAN II

MEMBERS NAME :

NOR ZURAINI CHE HASHIM NUR AQILAH KAMARDUIN

A136485

AFIFAH SYAFIQAH ZOLKIFLI A136280 A136733

LECTURER NAME:

DR. MUHAMMAD SYUKRI ABD. RAHAMAN

SUBMISSION 26 SEPTEMBER 2013 DATE:

DIALYSIS If such a mixture is placed in a sack made of parchment, collodion, or cellophane and suspended in water, the ions and small molecules pass through the membrane, leaving the colloidal particles in the sack. Separation by dialysis is a slow process, depending for its speed on the differences in particle size and diffusion rates between REVERSE OSMOSIS The process of reverse osmosis forces the water with a higher concentration contamination into the tank containing water with lower concentrations .A high-pressure water is used to "transform" the natural osmotic process, with the semi-permeable membrane, it allows the passage of water and reject most of the other ingredients. Ion exclusion process in which the concentration of ions in the surface membrane of the barrier allows other water molecules to pass through and not including other materials GAS PERMEATION

Gas Permeation is one of separation process which involved at least two components where those are fed to the membrane that has a higher permeation flux for at least one of the components in the feed mixture.The difference in partial pressure between the feed side and the permeate side of the membrane acts as a driving force for components to permeate.Hence, the permeate side of the membrane is maintained at a substantially lower pressure than the feed side.In the gas permeation process, the operating pressures may be very high. Therefore, there may be substantial differences in the feed, retentate, and permeate temperatures due to the Joule-Thompson effect.
ULTRAFILTRATION

Ultrafiltration with an abbreviation of UF and it is commonly used in cross-flow or dead-end mode of separation application in industry such as purifying of proteins solutions or any process that require

macromolecular purification of continuous systems.It works by which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semipermeable membrane.Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane.The retained substances used are captured on the membrane surface and removed from the module continuously or periodically, depending on the filtration mode type and considering whether it is concentrate or in the backwash effluent. REAL APPLICATION OF THE MEMBRANE IN THE INDUSTRY Membrane Technology and Research, Inc. (MTR), based in Menlo Park, CA, is a privately owned developer, manufacturer, and supplier of customized membrane process solutions. MTR was founded in 1982 as an R&D company with a long-term goal of developing marketable membrane technologies, especially in the newly-emerging field of industrial gas separations.MTR is a world leader in the development and production of membrane-based separation system fot the petrochemcial,natural gas and refining industries. The MTR group conducts application analyses, develops process designs, and manages field tests of innovative membrane systems.Ultrafiltration membrane process is used in this production. Recently the development principle membrane product of this company is include the following: VaporSep systems to remove organic vapors from air and nitrogen NitroSepTM and fuel gas conditioning systems for natural gas treatment Hydrogen recovery systems for refinery and other applications MTRs current R&D extending use of membranes to carbon sequestration and biofuels separations.

VaporSep membrane vapor recovery system

Field test unit for NGL recovery from natural gas