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Philosophy 110: Intro to Deductive Logic

University of Hawaii at M!noa, Fall 2013

Course Details Time and Location Instructor Office Hours

PHIL 100-701 (DH); 3 Credit Hours; CRN 91381 MWF 8:30-9:20; Watanabe Hall 113; Aug. 26 Dec. 16, 2013 Benjamin Zenk, MA; bzenk@hawaii.edu; 808.956.6687 Sakamaki Hall C-313; MW 9:30-11:30 or by appt.

Course Description This is an introduction to the basic principles of deductive logic. In this course, students will appraise and evaluate arguments with special attention to the structural features of statements. Topics covered include validity, soundness, consistency, and informal fallacies. Students will be encouraged to develop their own views regarding the significance of such topics for a university education. Learning Objectives By the end of the course, students will have mastered key concepts in deductive logic and acquired proficiency in translating, analyzing, and appraising arguments. Required Materials* Harry J. Gensler Introduction to Logic, Second Edition. New York: Routledge, 2010. ISBN 9780415996518 *Additional assigned materials include in-class handouts. Why Logic? The usefulness of the study of logic, if that study is understood to be concerned with the purely formal aspects of arguments and statements, has been a matter of controversy throughout history. Renaissance thinkers of the 14th and 15th centuries were keen to reject it as only useful insofar as it led to persuasion. In the early 1800s, G.W.F. Hegel seemed to have decisively, albeit obscurely, dismissed the pure formalism of natural deduction and mathematical proofs as lacking life. Despite being a subject of historical controversy, the study of logic is not of merely historical interest. Students in computer science, mathematics, philosophy, and law can benefit quite directly from the subject. And while some students may be more inclined than others to engage in the abstract exercises it entails, most can benefit from such exercises in one way or another. Students who study formal systems of logic gain an increased awareness of the structural and semantic subtleties of natural languages and develop an aptitude for formal and informal analysis of arguments. In any case, students in this course will be encouraged to decide the utility and value of this subject of study for themselves.

2 Assessment Students will be evaluated according the following scheme: Attendance Homework Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3 Final Exam Total 50 pts 200 pts 50 pts 50 pts 50 pts 100 pts 500 pts 10% 40% 10% 10% 10% 20% 100%

Letter grades will be distributed as follows: A-Range, 450+ to 500 points (A+ ! 96.666%, A ! 93.333%, A- ! 90%) B-Range, 400+ to 450 points (B+ ! 86.666%, B ! 83.333%, B- ! 80%) C-Range, 350+ to 400 points (C+ ! 76.666%, C ! 73.333%, C- ! 70%) D-Range, 300+ to 350 points (D+ ! 66.666%, D ! 63.333%, D- ! 60%) F-Range, less than 300 points or less than 60% Attendance Policy The subject matter in this course moves extremely quickly and builds on itself, so missing even one day of class can cause a student to fall behind. Attendance is thus mandatory, and is noted before class begins (beginning in the second week of the course). Students are expected to be on time to every course meeting, and late students will be considered absent. Absences will be excused only upon receipt of a doctors note or in cases of extreme personal emergency. What constitutes an extreme personal emergency will be determined on a case-by-case basis. 10 attendance points will be deducted for each unexcused absence (up to five absences). Students with perfect attendance will receive a 5 point bonus at the end of the course. Mobile Device and Laptop Policy As a rule, cell phones are not permitted to be used during class hours and should be off or silent. Laptops and mobile devices are permitted only if being used for note taking. Offending students will be marked absent for the day. LogiCola Harry Gensler, author of Introduction to Logic, has developed a computer program for use in conjunction with this textbook: LogiCola. All students must download LogiCola. Instructions on how to do this can be found at http://www.harryhiker.com/lc. Please note that students who have not downloaded the program will not be excused for late LogiCola homework. The instructions are thorough, and so the website, not the instructor, is to be consulted when troubleshooting problems with installing or using this program. Homework Please note that homework points constitute 40% of the overall course grade. To put this into perspective, completion of homework assignments and perfect attendance will guarantee a final grade of more than 50%.

3 Homework assignments in this course are of two kinds: written homework and LogiCola exercises. The latter will greatly benefit the timely completion of the former, so students are advised to complete all LogiCola exercises as soon as they are assigned. 12 sets of written homework will be collected throughout the semester. From each set, the instructor will select 5 problems at random to be graded. These problems are worth 2 points each. Each students lowest two written assignment scores will be discarded at the close of the semester. All written homework is due at the beginning of class on the days for which it is assigned. Late homework, unless accompanied by an excused absence, will not be accepted. Please staple separate pages. LogiCola scores are to be sent to the instructor via email or given to the instructor on a USB drive before class on quiz and exam days. If all exercises are completed at level 9, the student will receive 25 points. If not, the student will receive proportional credit for all assigned exercises completed at level 9 for that particular quiz or exam content. No credit will be given for exercises completed below this level. Late submissions will not be accepted. Exams and Quizzes There will be 3 quizzes and a final exam. These are designed to last the entire period for which they are administered and each includes some material from the quizzes before it. Quiz 1: 4.1-4.3, 6.1-6.4 Quiz 2: Previous material plus 6.5-6.13 Quiz 3: Previous material plus 18.2, 18.3, 18.5, 7.1-7.4 Final Exam: Previous material plus 8.1-8.5, 9.1, 9.3 Academic Integrity Any student found to have cheated in the course will receive a failing mark on the assignment, quiz, or examination in question and will be reported to the Dean of Students. Potential instances of cheating will be examined in accordance with the terms definition as articulated in the Universitys system-wide Student Conduct Code (http://studentaffairs.manoa.hawaii.edu/policies/conduct_code):
The term "cheating" includes, but is not limited to: (1) use of any unauthorized assistance in taking quizzes, tests, or examinations; (2) use of sources beyond those authorized by the instructor in writing papers, preparing reports, solving problems, or carrying out other assignments; (3) the acquisition, without permission, of tests or other academic material belonging to a member of the UH faculty, staff or student (4) engaging in any behavior specifically prohibited by a faculty member in the course syllabus or class discussion.

For the Universitys Student Conduct Code in full, see the website of the Office of Student Affairs. In this course, students will be rewarded both professionally and personally for accepting the challenge posed by the subject. Students are therefore encouraged to approach the subject matter constructively and with the utmost academic integrity. Please see the instructor during office hours if additional consultation in these matters is needed.

4 KOKUA Any student needing unique accommodation because of the impact of a disability may 1) contact the KOKUA Program housed in Room 013 of QLCSS, 956-7511 or 956-7612; or 2) speak with the instructor privately to discuss specific needs. The KOKUA program is a spectacular resource at UH, with committed staff and effective resources. Students who suspect they may be eligible to receive assistance from this program are encouraged to consult the KOKUA with questions. For more information, see the KOKUA Program website.

5 Assignment Schedule Below is a comprehensive assignment schedule for the course. It includes topics and assignments by class meeting as well as homework collection, quiz, and exam dates. Week 1 Monday, August 26: Why logic? (Chapter 1), Introductions, Pretest For next class: Read 55-59. Read syllabus. Email to confirm (5pts EC). Wednesday, August 28: Syllabus, LogiCola, Good Arguments (4.1) For next class: Download LogiCola. Go to File > Capture Screen. Click Copy Text. Paste this text in an email to instructor to confirm (5pts EC). Friday, August 30: 4.1 and 4.2 Some definitions and Informal Fallacies. For next class: Read 59-64. LC R (LogiCola R) Week 2 Monday, September 2: Labor Day (NO CLASS) Tuesday, September 3: Last Day to Drop without "W" Wednesday, September 4: 4.2 Informal Fallacies For next class: Ex. 4.2a (odds) and 4.2b (odds). Friday, September 6: 4.3 Inconsistency Homework Set 1 Due (4.2a odds and 4.2b odds) For next class: Read 69-72. Ex. 4.3. Week 3 Monday, September 9: 4.3 Homework Questions, 6.1 Easier Translations For next class: Read 118-120. LogiCola C (EM & ET) Wednesday, September 11: 6.1 For next class: Ex. 6.1a Friday, September 13: 6.2 Simple Truth Tables. Homework Set 2 Due (4.3, 6.1a) For next class: Read 121-124; LogiCola D (TE & FE); Ex. 6.2a (odds) Week 4 Monday, September 16: 6.3 Truth Evaluations. For next class: Read 124-125; LogiCola D (TM & TH); Ex. 6.3a (odds) Wednesday, September 18: 6.4 Unknown Evaluations. For next class: Read 125-126; LogiCola D (UE, UM, & UH); 6.4a (odds) Friday, September 20: Review Homework Set 3 Due (6.2a odds, 6.3a odds; 6.4a odds) Week 5 Monday, September 23: Quiz 1 LogiCola (R; C- EM & ET; D- TE & FE; D- TM & TH; D- UE, UM & UH) Wednesday, September 25: 6.5 Complex Truth Tables. For next class: Read 126-128; LogiCola D (FH); Ex. 6.5a (odds) Friday, September 27: 6.6 The Truth-Table Test For next class: Read 129-135; LogiCola D (AH); 6.6a (odds)

6 Week 6 Monday, September 30: 6.7 The Truth-Assignment Test For next class: Read 133-135 LogiCola ES; Ex. 6.7a (odds) Wednesday, October 2: 6.8 Harder Translations Homework Set 4 Due (6.5a odds; 6.6a odds; 6.7a odds) For next class: Read 138-140. LogiCola C (HM & HT); Ex. 6.8a Friday, October 4: 6.9 Idiomatic Arguments. For next class: Read 140-141; LogiCola E (F & I) Ex. 6.9 (odds) Week 7 Monday, October 7: 6.10 S-rules. For next class: Read 143-145; LC F (SE & SH), 6.10a (odds) Wednesday, October 9: 6.11 I-rules. Homework Set 5 Due (6.8a, 6.9 odds, 6.10a odds) For next class: Read 146-149; LC F (IE & IH) 6.11a (odds) Friday, October 11: 6.12 Mixing S- and I-rules For next class: LogiCola F (CE & CH); 6.12a (odds) Week 8 Monday, October 14: 6.13 Extended Inferences. For next class: Ex. 6.13a Wednesday, October 16: Review Homework Set 6 Due (6.11a odds, 6.12a odds, 6.13a) Friday, October 18: Quiz 2 LogiCola Due (D- FH; D- AH; ES; C- HM & HT; E- F & I; F- SE & SH; F- IE & IH; F- CE & CH) For next class: Response: What relevance, if any, does a course in deductive logic have for a university education? Week 9 Monday, October 21: 18.2, 18.3, 18.5 Aristotle, Metaphysics, the Basis of Logic For next class: No homework. Wednesday, October 23: 7.1 Propositional Proofs For next class: Read 153-157; LogiCola F (TE & TH) and GEV Friday, October 25: 7.1 Propositional Proofs continued. For next class: Ex. 7.1a (odds) & 7.1b (odds) Week 10 Monday, October 28: 7.2 Easier Refutations. Homework Set 7 Due (7.1a odds, 7.1b odds) For next class: Read 160-163; LogiCola GEI; Ex. 7.2a (odds) Wednesday, October 30: Mixed Proofs and Refutations For next class: LogiCola GEC; Ex. 7.2b (odds) Friday, November 1: 7.3 Harder Proofs. For next class: Read 167-172; LogiCola GH

7 Week 11 Monday, November 4: Harder Proofs continued. Homework Set 8 Due (7.2a odds, 7.2b odds) For next class: LogiCola G (HC & MC); Ex. 7.3a (odds) and 7.3b (odds) Wednesday, November 6: 7.4 Harder Refutations. For next class: Read: 175-176; LogiCola GHI; Ex. 7.4a (odds) Friday, November 8: Harder Proofs and Refutations, For next class: Ex. 7.4b (odds) Week 12 Monday, November 11: Veterans Day (NO CLASS) Wednesday, November 13: Review Homework Set 9 Due (7.3a odds, 7.3b odds, 7.4a odds, 7.4b odds) Friday, November 15: Quiz 3 LogiCola Due (F- TE & TH; GEV; GEI; GEC; GH; G- HC & MC; GHI) Week 13 Monday, November 18: 8.1 Quantificational Logic. For next class: Read 182-186; LogiCola H (EM & ET) Wednesday, November 20: 8.1 Quantificational Translations For next class: Ex. 8.1a Friday, November 22: 8.2 Easier Proofs. For next class: Read 187-190; LogiCola IEV Ex. 8.2a (odds) & 8.2b (odds) Week 14 Monday, November 25: 8.3 Easier Refutations. For next class: Read 192-96. LogiCola IEI & IEC Ex. 8.3a (odds) & 8.3a (odds) Homework Set 10 Due (8.1a, 8.2a odds, 8.2b odds) Wednesday, November 27: 8.4 Harder Translations. For next class: Read 197-199; LogiCola (HM & HT) Ex. 8.4a Friday, November 29: Thanksgiving Weekend (NO CLASS) Week 15 Monday, December 2: 8.5 Harder Proofs. For next class: Read 199-200; Ex. 8.5a (odds) & 8.5b (odds) Homework Set 11 Due (8.3a odds, 8.3b odds, 8.4a) Wednesday, December 4: 9.1 Identity Translations For next class: LogiCola H (IM & IT); Ex. 9.1a Friday, December 6: 9.3 - Easier Relation Translations For next class: LogiCola H (RM & RT); Ex. 9.3a Week 16 Monday, December 9: Review Homework Set 12 Due (8.5a odds, 8.5b odds, 9.1a, 9.3a) Wednesday, December 11: Review

8 Finals Week Monday, December 16: FINAL EXAM, 7:30am-9:30am, Watanabe Hall 113 Logicola Due (H- EM & ET; IEV; IEI; IEC; H- HM & HT; H- IM & IT; H- RM & RT) PLEASE NOTE: Final exam may only be taken during the scheduled final exam period.