International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN 0976 6480(Print),

, ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IJARET) ISSN 0976 - 6480 (Print) ISSN 0976 - 6499 (Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June 2013, pp. 159-167 IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijaret.asp Journal Impact Factor (2013): 5.8376 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com

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SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF CIRCULAR ELEVATED WATER TANK WITH FRAMED STAGING SYSTEM
Gaikwad Madhukar V.1 Prof. Mangulkar Madhuri N.2 P. G. Student, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad 431003, Maharashtra, India. 2 Asst,Professor, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad -431003, Maharashtra, India.
1

ABSTRACT Water tank is used extensively for storage water, inflammable liquids, and other chemicals. The current analysis and design of supporting structures of elevated water tanks are extremely vulnerable under lateral forces due to an earthquake and the Bhuj earthquake provided illustration when a great many water tank stagings suffered damage and a few collapses. The aim of this paper is to understand the behavior of Elevated Water Tank with the framed staging in lateral earthquake loading using IITK-GSDMA Guidelines by considering two theoretical theories given by Sudhir Jain &Sameer U. S. [1990] and Rapid Assessment of Seismic Safety of Elevated Water Tank with framed staging & Software STAAD Pro.-2007,for calculate the lateral stiffness. Same values of lateral stiffness Ks is used for further analysis. After details study it was found that the lateral stiffness Ksobtained by using Rapid Assessment of Seismic Safety of Elevated Water Tank gives the optimum value of Base Shear and Base Moment and hence it is economical. The design based on above gives the most economical section and also it is safe. Keywords Elevated Water Tank, Lateral Stiffness, Seismic Analysis, STAAD. Pro 2007, Rapid Assessment of Earthquake safety. I. INTRODUCTION

Water supply is a life line facility that must remain functional following disaster. Most municipalities in India have water supply system which depends on elevated water tanks for storage. Elevated water tank is a large elevated water storage container constructed
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

for the purpose of holding a water supply at a height sufficient to pressurize a water distribution system. These structures have a configuration that is especially vulnerable to horizontal forces like earthquake due to the large total mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structure. So it is important to check the severity of these forces for particular region. 1.1 Lateral Stiffness Ks of frame staging: 1.1.1. By considering Rapid Assessment of Earthquake safety of Elevated Water Tank: The design seismic forces for the water tank depends on its flexibility and hence on the time period. Often, column stiffness is considered as 12EI/ L3, which is based on the assumption that bracing beams are infinitely rigid. In practice, these beams are flexible and therefore the assumption overestimates the staging stiffness. Most tank staging have identical bracing girders and equal panel heights. Moreover, the top end of column in topmost panel and bottom end of column in bottommost panel are fixed against rotation. For the most commonly used staging, having all the columns along the periphery of a circle, panel stiffness is obtained as belowKpanel=

For Intermediate panels, and . (1) For Top & Bottom panels... (2)

Kpanel=

Lateral Stiffness of Staging KsKs =

. .. (3)

When Tank structure is located on soft soil, the support is not rigid and hence bottommost panel is no more fixed against rotation. Under these condition, the panel stiffness is calculate using Eq. (1), which accounts for end rotations. 1.1.2. By considering Sudhir Jain &Sameer U.S. [1990]Sudhir Jain and Sameer has given simple expression to evaluate the lateral stiffness of framed type supporting system by considering the effect of girder flexibility. For tank staging with equal panel heights, identical columns arranged along the periphery of a circle, and identical bracing girders, the lateral stiffness of the staging Ks is calculated as below

Where

. (4)

Kpanel=

For Intermediate panel

(5)

Kpanel=

For Topmost and bottommost panel . (6)

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

Kaxial = 2 (7) Where, H = Height of Panel from CG of container. h = Height of panel. 1.1.3. By using STAAD. Pro 2007 Software Lateral stiffness of staging is defined as the force required to be applied at the CG of tank so as to get a corresponding unit deflection. From the deflection of CG of tank due to an arbitrary lateral force one can get the stiffness of staging.STADD Pro software is used to model the staging.

II.

CASE STUDY

1. Numerical Problem Statement A RC circular water container of 200 m3 capacity has internal diameter of 8.50 m and height of 3.82 m (including freeboard of 0.3 m). It is supported on RC staging consisting of 6 columns of 550 mm dia. with horizontal bracings of 300 x 550 mm at four levels. The lowest supply level is 12 m above ground level. Staging conforms to ductile detailing as per IS 13920. Staging columns have isolated rectangular footings at a depth of 2m from ground level. Tank is located on soft soil in seismic zone III. Grade of staging concrete and steel are M20 and Fe415, respectively. Density of concrete is 25 KN/m3. Analyze the tank for seismic loads. Elevated water tank can be analyzed by both the condition i.e. for tank full condition and tank partially filled condition.

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

1.1 Preliminary Data Table 1: Sizes of various components

Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Components Roof Slab Wall Floor Slab Gallery Floor Beams Braces No of Column Dia. of Column Size (mm) 175 Thick 225 Thick 225 Thick 110 Thick 300 *600 300 *550 06 550

1.2 Formulation of Problem Table 2: Constants which are considered for calculation
Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 Constant Z I R M-20 Fe- 415 Values 0.16 1.5 3.0 Remarks Structure assumed in Zone III Importance Factor Response Reduction Factor Grade of Concrete Grade of Steel

1.3 Details of Tank Geometry

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

1.4 Change in Iteration with respect to volume: Table 3: Table showing change in iterations with respective to volume Volume in Lit. 200,000 Diameter of container in meter 8.50 8.00 7.50 7.00 6.50 Height of tank in meter 3.82 4.28 4.90 5.50 6.40 Free Board of Tank in meter 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

Sr, No. 01 02 03 04 05 III.

Iterations 1 2 3 4 5

ITERATION OF RESULTS BY GRAPHICAL METHOD

Iteration of Results includes the graphical representation of output parameters which are calculated as a solution. Comparison of Lateral Stiffness
30000

Lateral Stiffness

25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1 2

Rapid-

S. Jain

STAAD Pro

Iteration No

Graph No 01: Comparison of Lateral Stiffness obtained by Software & Theoretical Method

Comparison of Base Shear for Static full condition375

Base Shear

Rapid275 175 75 1 2 3 Iteration No

S. Jain

STAAD Pro.

Graph No 02: Comparison of Base Shear obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Static Full condition
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

Comparison of Base Shear for Static Empty condition

250 RapidS. Jain STAAD Pro.

Base Shear

200 150 100 50 1 2 3 No Iteration 4 5

Graph No 03: Comparison of Base Shear obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Static Empty condition Comparison of Base Shear for Hydrodynamic Full condition
300

Base Shear

Rapid250 200 150 1 2

S. Jain

STAAD Pro.

Iteration 3 No

Graph No 04: Comparison of Base Shear obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrodynamic Full condition

Comparison of Base Shear for Hydrodynamic Empty condition

250

Base Shear

Rapid 150

S. Jain

STAAD Pro.

50 1 2 3 No Iteration 4 5

Graph No 05: Comparison of Base Shear obtained by Software &Theoretical Method for Hydrodynamic Empty condition

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

Base Moment-

5500 4500 3500 2500

Comparison of Base Moment for Hydrodstatic Full conditionRapid S. Jain STAAD Pro.

3 No Iteration

Graph No 06: Comparison of Base Moment obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrostatic full condition

3500

Comparison of Base Moment for Hydrostatic Empty conditionRapidS. Jain STAAD Pro.

Base Moment

3000 2500 2000 1 2 3 No. Iteration 4 5

Graph No 07: Comparison of Base Moment obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrostatic Empty condition

Base Moment

5000 4000 3000 2000

Comparison of Base Moment for Hydrodynamic Full conditionRapidS. Jain STAAD Pro

3 No Iteration

Graph No 08: Comparison of Base Moment obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrodynamic Full condition

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

Comparison of Base Moment for Hydrodynamic Empty condition3400

Base Moment-

Rapid-

S. Jain

STAAD Pro.

3200 3000 2800 2600 1 2 3 Iteration No 4 5

Graph No 09: Comparison of Base Moment obtained by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrodynamic Empty condition

Comparison of Hydrodynamic PressureHydrodynamic Pressure6 Rapid5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 Iteration No 4 5 S. Jain STAAD Pro.

Graph No. 10: Comparison of Total Hydrodynamic Pressure by Software & Theoretical Method for Hydrodynamic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank

IV.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

From above mentioned detailed study and analysis some of the conclusion can be made as follow Graph No 1 clearly shows the comparison of Lateral Stiffness obtained from three different methods. If we observe the graph, the value of Ks obtained from Sudhir Jain and STAAD Pro. is higher than the Rapid Assessment of seismic safety. If we analyze the elevated water tank by considering the higher value of Ks and same is used for Analysis & design we will get the over stabilized or say over reinforced section, but it will be uneconomical. Hence Ks by using Rapid Assessment of seismic safety is economical. Graph No 2 to 5 shows the comparison of Base Shear for Tank Full and Empty condition by using three different methods for Hydrostatic& Hydrodynamic Analysis of
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 6480(Print), ISSN 0976 6499(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, May June (2013), IAEME

Elevated Water Tank. The values of Base Shear obtained from Tank full condition is greater than the Tank Empty condition and hence considered for further analysis. If we observe the graphs we find that the Base Shear obtained from Rapid Assessment of seismic safety is lesser than the other two, and hence it is economical. Graph No. 6 To 9 shows the comparison of Base Moment for Tank full and Empty condition by using three different methods for Hydrostatic & Hydrodynamic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank. Base Moment obtained from Rapid Assessment of seismic safety is lower than other two. If we design by considering the higher value we get over stabilized or say over reinforced section. It is safe but uneconomical. Thats why Hydrostatics system of designing of elevated water tank is not useful in seismic Zones. And hence, IS code provision for static analysis is restricted for small capacities of tanks only. For Hydrodynamic analysis the Base Moment obtainsfrom Rapid Assessment of seismic safety is lesser than the other two, and hence it is economical. Graph No 10 shows the comparison of Hydrodynamic pressure on wall as well as on base of Elevated Water tank. Total hydrodynamic pressure obtained from Rapid Assessment of seismic safety is lesser than the other two, and hence it is economical. From detail study and analysis, it was found that the analysis and design based on Lateral Stiffness Ks obtained from Rapid Assessment of Earthquake safety of Elevated Water Tanks with Frame Staging is most economical and safe. V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to thank the Management, Principal, Head of Civil Engineering Department and Staff of Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College and authorities of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University for their support. REFERENCES [1]. IITK-GSDMA Guidelines for Seismic Design of Liquid Storage Tanks Provision with commentary and explanatory examples. NICEE, IIT Kanpur. [2]. IS 1893-1984, Criteria for Earthquake Design of Structures, BIS, New Delhi. [3]. IS 1893-2002 (Part-I) Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structure Part-1, General Provisions and buildings, BIS, New Delhi. [4]. Sudhir Jain & Sameer U. S [1990] , Approximate method for determination of Time Period of Water Tank stagings, The Indian concrete journal, Vol-66, No-12 [5]. Rapid Assessment of Seismic Safety of Elevated Water Tanks with Frame Staging. [6]. STAAD Pro. 2007, Structural analysis and design programing -2007 for analysis of lateral stiffness. [7]. Mangulkar Madhuri N. and Gaikwad Madhukar V., Review on Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank, International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 4, Issue 2, 2013, pp. 288 - 294, ISSN Print: 0976 6308, ISSN Online: 0976 6316. [8]. Mangulkar Madhuri N. and Gaikwad Madhukar V, Comparison between Static and Dynamic analysis of Elevated water Tank, International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 4, Issue 3, 2013, pp. 12 - 29, ISSN Print: 0976 6308, ISSN Online: 0976 6316.

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