. ( 12)
n=0
ci = 0
( n + 2 ) c b+2 =
2c
c+2 -
2c
n+ 2
para
2c0
n=0 ,
c2 =
n = 1i ,
c3 = - j2ci
- =0
n=2 ,
c4
n= 3 ,
2c3- = 0
cs =
5
n= 4 ,
c6
regla de recurrencia.
= c0
y'-2 xy = 0 , y(0) = 1
Solucin
oo
Suponiendo que y = ^ cnx n es la solucin de la ecuacin diferencial.
n=0
oo
y'=^T^ncnx n~l , reemplazando se tiene
00
ncnx n~l - 2 x ^ cnx n = O, poniendo en una misma potencia a x
n=l
400
C4
C0
2.3
n= 5 ,
2c 5
c 7 = - . = 0
n= 6
o
3!
2Cfi
8
c
4!
n=0
00
^ (n + 2)cn+1x n+l n= - 1
2c4
n=0
00
00
( n + l )cn+xx n = ^ 2 c nx n+l = 0
n~0
Cq
2
4+2
n=i
00
2c2
4
00
2cnx n+l = 0 , poniendo los inicios iguales
n- 0
_c0
c2n ~ .
n\
401
00
n=O H
- x 2n
para x = O, y = 1 = c0 , de donde
769)
00
y =^
or)
2 ] 4w(w - l)cnx nA +
n=2
n=1
tl\
4 x / +2/+>> = 0
+ 2 ] cnx = 0
=0
00
00
00
Y j 4( + l)cn+1JC" + 2(n + l)cn+1x n + Y j cnx n = O
=1
=o
donde
r(r - 1) + p 0r + q0 = O
p 0 = lim^xP{x)
B=0
x>0
OO
00
q0 = lim x 2Q( x )
00
Luego
2c1+ c0 =0
r ( r - 1)++ 0 =>
2
r 1 - r + = 0
2
_
^
r
r2 = 0
1
=> r ( r ) = 0
para rx se tiene:
=>
1
r{ = 0 , r2 =
y = ^ ^ c nx n , de donde
n=0
00
00
=1
402
n=2
4-1
como
2!
c
para n = 1, c2 = = + - ^ ! =
2.2.3
2.3.4 4!
= Co + C j X + C 2 X 2 + c 3x 3 + . . .
n= 0
2( + l)(2 + l)
> 1
1 c\ = -----c0 -- -----c0
n ~ 1,
1
2.3
3!
n
Para
ci
co
n = 2, c 2 = =
2
4.5
5!
n+-1
y = ^ cnx n+r = ^ J cnx 2 derivando
rc=0
n=0
/ =
00
i
n_ i
Y ( n + -)c x
2
*=0
00
= ^ (
como y ^ c nx
1
\
n-+ - ) ( - - )c x
2
1
2 = 4 x ( c 0 +clx + c2x 2 +...)
n=0
*=0
y = 4 x (c0 - +
3!
5!
c0V?(l-+----)
3! 5!
2 + 2 {n + ~ )c nx
=0
4 ( + i ) ( n - |) c x
=0
2
2
2 + ^ c nx
n=0
2 + Y J CnAx
=1
n+~Z
^ = q (1 - +
2! 4!
2 =0
770)
) + c 2V * (l- +
3! 5!
(1 + x)y'-ky = 0
Solucin
ni
00^
n_L
y ' i 4 ( + )cx 2 + y c _ 1x 2 = 0 , poniendo los inicios iguales
oo
Suponiendo quecnx es la solucin en series de potencias
n=0
0
J
0+ ^ 4 (n + -)c x
00
n_I
2 + ^ / cn_lx 2 = 0
00
y = ^ w c nx n~1
00
j>M=
n=l
OO^
^ [ 4 ( n + -~)cn + c n_,]x
n_J_
2 =0
+
n=l
n=0
n=1
00
00
n=l
=1
00
= 0 , poniendo en la misma potencia a x.
c =
Cn \
4n( + i )
n-0
OO
OO
00
^ ( / i + l)cn+1x n + J ^ n c nx n kc0 - J ' k c nx n = 0, poniendo los inicios iguales
n=0
n=l
n=l
405
404
C, = C n
Cj - c 0 = 0
(n + l)cn+i - ( n + Ar)c = 0
,
1+ A
(l + fc)Ar0
n = 1, c , = ------c, = ------------2
2 1
2
n = 2,
c3 =
x >o
4
r ( r - l ) - r = 0
D -> 0
=>
M F [
23
para ^ = 0 , 7 =
3!
c o
00
y= co
n=0
w!
OD
00
OD
OD
00
h=2
n=l
q0 = //w x 2g(x)
jc->0
n=0
n2
n=l
w=0
OO
00
18c2x+ ^ 9(n + X)ncn+xx n - ^ T 9 n ( n - \) c nx n -1 2 cx - 2 4 c2x n=2
n=2
OO
00
- ^ 1 2 ( K + l)cn+ix + 4 c0 + 4 c1Jc+ ^ 4 c nx" = 0
12 y h------------4
j
^
y ------------y = 0n, donde
9 x(l-x )
9x(\ - x)
n=2
p (x ) = Q , / 2
Y g (x ) = Q-n4- 9 x (l-x )
9x(1-jc)
n =2
OP
OO
00
^ 9 ( n + l)/jcn+1x n - ^ 9 ( n - l ) c x " - l 2 ( n + l)cB+,x" + ]T 4 c x " = 0
00
siendo
n=2
Solucin
r ( r - l ) + /?0r + ^r0 = 0
00
&(& -1)...( -w + 1)
771)
00
y%
= ^ w c nx n_1
n=l
k ( k - l)...(A'-n + l)
n\
~~x)
1
n = 0 , r2 = -
00
c n ~
[ ! R
(2 + r)c2
3
n=2
00
luego
4c0 - 1 2 c + (4q - 6c2)x +
406
407
4co - 1 2 c ,= 0
C l= C
3
4c, - 6c 2 = 0
3(+1X3 - 4)cn+l - (3 - 4)(3n + l)c = 0
00 ^
C* = J J = J
+T
i
*+
3(3 + 7)cx 3 - 2 J3(3 + 8)(n + l)cx 3 = 0
=0
=0
(3 + l)c
cn+1 = ----------- > n - 2. regla de recurrencia
3(n +1)
o>
Y'
w+~
2^3(3 + 7)cx 3 - /
7.2c0
1.4.7
n = 2, c, = c? = ---------= ------- c 0
3
3.3 2 3.3.3.3 3.6.9
7
XT"1
n=0
2
^0
4C() 2 1-4.7
3
= c0 + c1x + c 2x +... = c 0 + x + x + J ^ c o* +
Z
Z
3(3 + l ) c nx
1-4.7 3
n- 1
7
La otra solucin se obtiene de la serie para r2 =
3
n=0
wQOi
2 j( + -)c x
*=o
3
m
/=
QO
=>
/'=
n=1
*t
n+
[3(3 + 7)c b -3 ( 3 + 5)()]c_jX 3 = 0
. ^
^( + - ) ( + - ) c bx
7n+5T~i/4T
>1=0
7
4
n+
7
4
+t v->
7
+T
]T 9( + -)( + - ) c nx 3 - 2 ^ 9 (n + TKw+ T)cjr 3 - X 1 2 (w+T)c"x
+
=0
n=0
w=0
7
ra+
n=0
408
rt+~ xi
n+
3 - 3(3 + 5)( - l)c_,x 3 = 0
=0
7
+
~'LiCnX 3 derivando
n=0
n+~
3(3w + 5)( + 2)cn_iC 3 = 0
*=1
oo
=0
^ 7
^ 9 n(n + - ) c x
(3w + 5)(/j)
c" = ---- ^7" cn-1* V n > 1, regla de recurrencia
w(3w + 7)
m
Luego la solucin general es:
x
14 , 1.4.7 i
L
*
+ 5 l 9 * + )+C! (
' =C,( V
8x 8.11
T ^ m S *
8.11.14
+T o H n I
2 .
,
-)
c2 ~ ~
2 c 2 + Cq = 0
co
y"+xy'+y = 0
para
Solucin
1 =>
y =
=o
/'- <
=i
l)0*
n-2
n = 2, c4
a
n = 4,
c 6 = C46
=0
c
n = 5,
c7 = c 5- = -----c l
7
3.5.7
30
[ ( n + l)( + 2)c1,+2+c,,]x', + ^
=1
773)
/ '- x v - V y - l = 0 , y(0) = / ( 0 ) = 0
Solucin
=1
uu
ncHXxn=0
00
2c2 + c0 + [ ( + l)(n+ 2)cn+2 + c H]xn +2_j ncxn = 0
410
-----C0
2.4.6
"=
n=l
2.4
,
c\
n = 3,
c5 = c 3- =
5
3.5
=0
*=2
( i i l) c .* ,,"2 + c . * + c . * * = 0
>1=2
=1
=
( - l ^ x " -2 + c x "
=2
=1
1 c3 = ~ C1
n = 1,
~
OO
Sea y = ' c nx n
n- 0
=>
00
/ = ^ wcx"_1
=>
00
y " = ^ n ( n - l ) c nx n~
n-2
411
oo
n-2
para
+ ]T c nx n =1
_y(0) = y ( 0 ) = 0
=>
c0 = 0
=0
n=1
_ 1, C< _5
C2 1 y C3 0 , CA
2
4!
8!
j = c0 +C]jr+C2x 2 + c 3x 3 +.
x2
x4
4!
3x 6
6!
3.5 jc 8
8!
00
^ 2
00
=1
n=0
n=1
OO
En ios ejercicios 774 778 hay que hallar sus trminos del desarrollo de y(x).
00
^ [ ( / i + l)(w + 2) c +2 +
n=o
n=l
qo
Solucin
OP
Sea
OO
(+1)(/ i + 2)c +2 - ( n - l) c = 0
cn+2 =
( n - 1 )cn
(w + l)(w + 2)
, V
>1
00
n-2
oo
c3 = 0
n = 2,
c4 = c2 _ 1~ g0 _ l ~ c 0
3A ~ 2.3.4 ~ 4!
=>
c5 = 0
5
X ("+W+ 2)cn+2x n - X
_----3 c 4 _----------3 ( 1 - c 0)
6 5.6
6!
n- 0
n=Q
oo
n
- 44,
_ y " = ] T n ( - l)cxn~2
n=1
n = 1,
2c,
n = 3, Ce = -----= 0
5 4.5
412
00
n=0
2c 2 +Cq =
para
00
y = ' ^ c x n =>
cx -
Z!C'>-2X' = 0
n=2
x-
n-2
413
775)
Solucin
Sea
y = y J cnx n
=>
y = ^ n c nx n l
n=0
lc2 - c 0 =0
2.3c3
=0
=>
C +C
=>
n=2
c2 = ^
2 2
^ n ( - l ) c x " -2 + ^ n c x " _1 - x 2 jT c x "
C 3=^
2.3
n=2
n- 1
=0
n~0
n=l
n=l
n=0
n = 2,
c4 =
n = 3, c5 =
c2 + Cq
3.4
c3 + q
4.5
3c 0
2.3.4
7q
( n + l)(n + 2)cn+2x n n =0
(n + l)c+1x n ~ ^ c n_2x n = 0
n =0
n=2
2.3.4.5
aj=0
cn_2x n = o
n=2
2c 2 + Cj + (2.3c 3 +2 c 2)x +
y = - 2, x = 0 => -2 = c0
2c 2 +Cj = 0
/ = C j + C 0X + ^ - X 2 + . . .
2c2 -
+ 0 + 0 => Cj = 2
2 *3 *4
7
v = -2 + 2 x - x z + - + x 5
y
3
4
60
=>
c2 -
2.3c3 + 2c2 - 0
(n + l)(n + 2)cn+2 + (n + l)c+1 - c_2 = 0
2=
Cj
c+2 =
(n + 1) c n+ \
2)
3Ca C 7
C1
2
C1
2.3
^C-3
(n + l ) (n +
415
n = 2,
cd
n = 3,
c< =
c0 - 3 c 3 _ 2c0 c, _ .
. . .
3.4
2.3.4
c, - 4 c 4
1
IjPi
1
K>
O
0
1
para
4.5
.2.3.4.5
. . .
4|
5!
c7 =
c3 ~ 6c6
6.7
k=2
Os
n = 5,
1
0
<N
1
n = 4,
. c 2 ~5cs
c6 =
5.6
w
00
^ k ( k - l ) a kx k- 2 + ex ^ a kx k = 0
-2
*=0
6!
39c! - 2 c 0
7!
6,
Cg
c4 - 7 c ?
62c0 - 69C[
7.8
8!
* ( * - l ) a t jt*-2 + ( ^ ~ r ) ^ a kx k = 0
*=2
*=0 * *=0
*=2
C\ 2
3 ^Cq c i 4 7c, 2Ca 2cn -19c,
y = C 0 + C,*----LXZ + -JC J + y---- - Jt + --- i------ X + 5------- -l x 6 +
2
3!
4!
5!
6!
| 39c, - 2 c 0 ^
1\ X
l= c0 + 0
t 62c0 -6 9 c , ^ +
8!
I >
+ D(* + 2)ak+2x k +
*=0 n =0
=0
[ ( * + l ) ( * + 2)ak+2 + V ^ L ] * * = 0
*=0
t 'i!
k
(k + l)(k+2)ak+2+
O = C] O => C j = 0
, 2jc4 2 x
2xb
2
762 8
y = -1 + -------------- + ----------- x + x 8 + . . .
4!
5!
6!
7!
8!
y ^ =0, V k> 0
'4-
^ nf
n=n0
(* + l)(* + 2 ) n!
y"+yex = 0 , y(0) = 1, / ( 0 ) = 0
Solucin
416
=0
n'
=> c0 = l
cx2
y = c. -c ,jc + --------+ ...
2
776)
417
y(0) =
para
k=l,
a2
LV ^
1.2 n=0
a3 =
2.3
= _o_ = _
1.2
ni
^T/:z.x*
k=l
2.3
*=1
dedonde
- [ ^ j akx k ] [ ^ / a kx k ] = 1
=o
=o
Jt=i
1.2
= - L (fl + a
n\
2.3 0
1
k=
a***-1 - [ na*_Jx* =1
fc=0 k = 0
oo
(k
1)
a k + \X
k=0
4.5 n0 n!
1.2.4.5
k= 0
V 4 - n
como
41.5.6
oo
777)
2.3
1.2.4.5
Solucin
oo
ty^k+X ~~
^n^k-n ^
*=0
Zq .Zq = 1
(l j 1 4~
1.3.5.6
y ' = l + y 2 , y(0) = 0
Sea y = ^ a kx k
. .. ( 1)
=0
Luego
a{ = l + o
1
Vk> 1
n =0
Luego y' =
418
^*
1.2
oo
[_Cl\ ~ ^ \ ^n^k-n 1 ^ y
*=0
*=1
n a k - n 1X
k=0
(-D 29
>a
k=0
] ? [ ( k + l)ak+1 - j ? a na k_n]xk =1
k=0
5 .6 ^
, [ y
Calculando y (k)(0)
y = ^ a kx k = ao +a\x + a 2x 2 + ..., es la solucin entonces usando la
*=o
condicin inicial obtenemos y(0) = 0 = a0 => a0 = 0 , de c onde al = 1
como
y = e y +xy
=>
yM(0) = l
1
1
1
k = 1, a 2 = - ^ a a i - = - ( a 0-a i + a ,.a 0) = 0
y ' = e y y '2+ey y"+2y'+xy"
n-0
k = 2,
=>
/" ( O ) = 4
y lv = e y y'3 +2ey y' y''+ey y' y' '+ey y" '+ 3 / '+xy'"
1^
1
1
a 3 = '^PJ a n-a 2-n = T (ao -a 2 + a l2 + a 2'a o) = T
=>
y lv(0) = l l
'
,
.
k = 4,
779)
como
j6 = 0
k = 6,
6
17
a1 = ^an-a 6-n =
315
n=0
4jc3
3!
ll*4
4!
53 5 269 4
H---------X + ...
120
720
1 Vi
2
a 5 = ~ 2 j a n.ci4_n =
5 n=0
15
k = 5,
X2
2!
x 2y"+xy'+(4x2 ~ ) y = 0
Solucin
La ecuacin parmetrica de Bessel es
jt2/'+jty'+(A 2x 2 - p 2) y - 0 cuya solucin general es:
X"''
2
3
4
5
y = 2 j akx ~ a o + a \ X + a 2x + a 3x +aAx +a5x + ...
k= 0
*3 2 5
17 7
y = Jt + + x + -----x + .
3
15 317
778)
Luego A2 = 4 , p = ^ de donde X = 2, p =
Por lo tanto la solucin es:
= e y + xy, y(0) = 0
Solucin
420
----- j x
k
k=0
780)
la solucin pedida
* 2y + ^ '+ ( j t 2 - - ) 3 ' = 0
4
Solucin
x 2y '-2xy'+4(x* - \ ) y = 0
783)
Solucin
^
Se observa que
5
5
/? = y p -
4
4
781)
784)
x y " + ~ y '+ ~ y = Q
Solucin
/ , +, 1- /, +1 - y = 0
x
9
Se observa que p - ^ y p = - ~
Solucin
Luego la solucin correspondiente a la ecuacin diferencial es:
X2
/ 2 (a/*)]
x y +xy + y = 0
785)
de donde
7 1
A= ,
9
^
p =0
j" + --/+ ^ = 0
1
=> A = , p = 0
3
Solucin
Se observa que p = 2 y X = 1
JC
JC
786)
(*) +
(*)]
y " + -y '+ 4 y = 0
X
Solucin
Solucin
y = - -[cj
A2 = 4 , p 2 =0
Se observa que p = 1 y X = 2
entonces la solucin general de la ecuacin diferencial
=> A = 2 , p = 0
y = - [ c xJ l {2x)+c1y x(2x)]
423
422
787)
789)
J p+l (x) =
Solucin
Solucin
Como se conoce que:
d
n
Se conoce que (x p J (jc)) = x p J x(.x)
dx
y
y
J p (X) = J p - \ ( x ) - ~ J p (x)
restando se tiene:
...(1 )
2p
J p ( x ) - J p- l ( x ) - J p+1( x ) = 0 , de donde
... (2)
2p
J P+1(*) = ~
J p (x>~ J p - i W
790)
j 2(x) = j \ ( x ) - - j { { x )
Solucin
788)
~ ( x - pJ p (x)) = - x - pJ p+1(x)
Para
p=l,
J 2(x) = - J 1( x ) - J [ ( x )
J p ( x ) - J p (x) = - J p+1(x)
J 2 ( x ) = J \ { x ) - - J [ (x)
J pl (x) = ^ J p ( x ) - J p+l(x)
424
425
791)
J 2{ x ) - J 0{x) = lJ ( x )
Solucin
Del ejercicio 790 se tiene: J 2(x) =
(x )- ,/J,(x)
... (1)
2p
2
J 2(x) = ~ J l ( x ) - J 0 (x) para J(x) = -J,(x)
... (3)
2 J \ (x) =
(x) - J 3(x)
...(2)
... (4)
- 2 J 2(x ) = - 2 J ,0 (x ) + j J'0(x )
...(3 )
J 2( x ) - J 0(x) = 2 /J (x )
793)
792)
Solucin
, (x ) = y
___(~ ) p+2b
L a n\(n + P) \ ( 2 }
426
...(1 )
F '
i 2
n=1
! ( +
/> )!
(i) w - 2
2
427
n\(n+
d Y.
n\(n
+ p)\
n=2
. . . (1)
+y M
l A
n\(n + p)\ 2
^ +y
/? )!
n=0
p (j> -l)(-l)"
n\(n + p)\
n- 0
Ih t,
2
y > 4(1)
Lmin\(n + p)\
n=0
X 2n+P+2
2
00
=2
j
V
4(p + l) x p+2
2 |
2 (x
(/7 + 1)! 2
2 y
(-l)" 2 n x 2+n
- m \ ( n + p)\ 2
n= 2
^
=2
!(+)!
^
tt2
|y
. 4(/7 + l) X
(p + 1)! 2
(2)
0 + l)! 2
OO
n
, r, _ V
^
/*x2n+p+l
i W - Z , 2^ !(m+
l),^
n=0
n=0
x/
,(x) = ( ~ ) ^ 2 -
P+1
/> + l 2
( 1 ) " ?- - ( - ) 2n+^
( + />)! 2
...(3)