C U M A
Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Superficial temporal Maxillary
T T T
Mitosis * ANK
The stages of mitosis can be remembered by the mnemonic, "IP-MAT". I P M A T
Chromosome Nomenclature
The mnemonic for chromosome nomenclature is "NARBS", which stands for chromosome Number, Arm, Region, Band and Subband. For example 1p23.4 represents the 1st chromosome, short arm/p arm ("p" for petite), 2nd region, 3rd band, 4th subband. N A R B S
Trunks Upper 1. Suprascapular 2. n to Subclavius Middle Lower Cords Lat 1. Lateral Pectoral Post 1. Upper & Lower Subscapular 2. Thoracodorsal Med 1. Medial Pectoral 2. Medial Brachial & antebrachial cutaneous
Inferior
mesenteric vein
Lateral Branches 1. 2. 3. 4. Posterior 1. Lumbar 4 paired arteries Inferior phrenic Middle suprarenal Renal Gonadal
R M A
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery Intestinal arteries (jejunal & ileal) Ileocolic artery Right colic Middle colic Anastomoses via marginal artery
Neck Triangles
The Triangles of the neck can be remembered by the mnemonic, M3 - C - O2. Anterior Triangle M M M C O O
Carotid Sheath
The contents of the carotid sheath can be remembered by the mnemonic, "VNA". V N A
CRANIAL SUTURES
The mnemonic for the cranial sutures is "CBS ", which stands for Coronal suture, Bregma, Sagittal suture, Lambdoid suture and Lambda. C B S
fine touch conscious proprioception vibratory sense muscle tone and unconscious proprioception pain and temperature crude touch voluntary motor
CRANIAL FORAMINA
The mnemonic for the cranial foramina is "ESTO", which stands for the following bones, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal and Occipital. E S
Ethmoid Sphenoid
cribiform plate optic canal superior orbital fissure foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen spinosum
1 2 3,4,6 V1 V2 V3 middle meningeal artery 7&8 9,10,11 & internal jugular vein, brainstem, vertebral arteries
T O
Temporal Occipital
Paranasal Sinuses
The mnemonic for the paranasal sinuses is "FEMS" F E M S
M-1 Mnemonics
Biochemistry
Glycolysis (I)
Glycolysisi is the most important pathway for glucose (glc) metabolism. It is the sequence of reactions that produces 2 ATPs, 2 NADHs and converts glc into pyruvate (pyr). You should memorize it paying special attention to the sequence of glycolytic intermediates and enzymes, the reactions that produce ATP or NADH and the regulatory/control reactions (rxns). The sequence of rxns can be remembered by the mnemonic, (661) 63*-1331. This is the phone number of Mr. Glycolysis. The * represents DHAP in which the is not numbered. Each number represents the location of the on the glycolytic intermediates. This will enable you to list these compounds in order . Most of the enzymes are named after their associated substrate or product and according to the type of rxn they catalyze. Thus, once you write out the sequence of glycolytic intermediates, it is relatively easy to recall the names of the enzymes. Hexokinase, PFK and Pyr Kinase are the main regulatory enzymes. The catalyze irrevbersible rxns. The 1st diagram is a list of the glycolytic intermediates. The 2nd diagram includes the enzymes and the locations of where ATP and NADH are produced or utilized.
Glycolysis (II)
Glc Glc 6 Frc 6 Frc 1,6 di DHAP GA 3 1,3 D G 3G 2G PEP Pyr
C4
C2
C6 NADH CO2
C4 CO2
C5 = alpha - KG NADH
Acetyl CoA Oaa NADH Malate Isocitrate NADH + CO2 Fumarate FADH2 Succinate GTP CIA S+S FMO Alpha - KG NADH + CO2 Succinyl CoA Citrate
Met, Cys Phe, Tyr, Trp Arg, Lys, His Val, Ile, Leu
A Student to Student Guide to Medical School, (Boston: Little Brown Co., 1985)
Lipidoses
The mnemonic for Lipidoses/disorders of sphingomyelin metabolism is "SHAG3" Enzyme deficiency Sphingomyelinase S H A G
Disease Niemann-Pick disease Tay-Sachs disease Metachromatic leukodystrophy Fabrys disease Krabbes disease (=Globoid cell leukodystrophy) Gauchers disease
A D E K
deficiency can cause night blindness, xeropthalmia, blindness and follicular hyperkeratosis deficiency in children causes rickets deficiency in adults causes osteomalacia Deficiency has been associated w/hemolytic anemia in premature infants Deficiency can cause hemorrhage
Pellagra *ANK
Pellagra is caused by a clinically significant deficiency of niacin or its precursor tryptophan. Pellagra is characteristically seen in persons whose diet consists mainly of corn, because corn is low in niacin and tryptophan. It is also occasionally seen in malnourished chronic alcoholics. The clinical features of pellagra can be remembered by 5-Ds. D D D D D
Deficiency of niacin Diarrhea Dermatitis Dementia Damage/inflammation of tongue which becomes bright red, swollen and painful
Pneumonic for cranial nerves- CAPITAL letter corresponds to first letter of each nerve. On Occasion Our Trusty Truck Acts Funny- Very Good Vehicle AnyHow