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DURAL VENOUS SINUSES

definition
1.Venous spaces present between the two layers of dura
2.Lined by endothelium 3.Devoid of valves

definition
4.Do not have muscle coat in their tunica adventitia. 5.Contain C !

Classification
Paired and unpaired

Paired are: Cavernous sinuses J Petrosal sinuses H,I Transverse sinuses G Sigmoid sinuses C Sphenoparietal sinuses A

unpaired are: Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Occipital sinus asilar ple!us of sinuses

"ural #enous Sinuses: $ateral #ie%


A. Superior Sagittal Sinus B. Great Cerebral Vein C. Ophthalmic Veins D. Facial Vein E. Cavernous Sinus F. Inferior etrosal Sinus G. !ugular Vein ". Sigmoi# Sinus I. Superior etrosal Sinus !. $ransverse Sinus %. Straight Sinus

Cavernous sinus
Situated on either side of the &od' of sphenoid (!tends from superior or&ital fissure To the ape! of petrous temporal

"elations
)ediall' related to pituitar' gland and sphenoidal air sinus $ateral %all contains III,I#,#*,#+ nerves

Passing through the sinus are ICA and A&ducent nerve

Connections
It receives tri&utaries from &rain &ones,s-ull.,pter'goid ple!us, or&it and the e'e,central vein of retina.

Superior and inferior ophthalmic veins ,from the or&it. are regarded as emissar' veins as the' do not have valves/

Ophthalmic veins also have communication %ith the facial vein,c0d. so the infections from the 1dangerous area2 of face can spread to Cavernous sinus causing throm&osis/

drainage

Applied anatomy
*/infections from face, or&it,shenoid sinus can cause throm&osis/ +/III,I#,#*,#+,#I can &e involved resulting in various diplopias 3/rupture of ICA can cause pulsatile e!ophthalmos

Caput medusae in cavernous sinus throm&osis

)4 image at the level of the pituitar' stalsho%s &ilateral involvement of the cavernous sinuses %ith narro%ing of the right internal carotid arter' due to infiltration of the lesion ,arro%s./

uperior sa#ittal sinus


Situated along the upper margin of the fal! cere&ri egins at the foramen caecum near crista galli ,&' the union of small veins from the nasal cavit'. enlarges as it passes posterior

5suall' turns to the right side and forms the right transverse sinus

uperior sa#ittal sinus


Presents gaps called 6lacunae laterales which are Three on each side usuall'/ Arachnoid villi pro7ect into these pla'ing important role in CS8 circulation

Arachnoid villi pro7ecting into the sinus

Arachnoid foveae

Tributaries of sup.sagittal sinus */superior cere&ral veins from &rain +/emissar' veins from the scalp 3/diploic veins and nose

*/infections can spread from scalp,nasal cavit' causing throm&osis/ +/ It can &e used to dra% venous &lood9 fluid administration through the anterior fontanelle

Transverse sinuses

Grooving the inner aspect of occipital &one

Transverse sinuses receive the cavernous sinuses through superior petrosal sinuses/

4ight transverse sinus is usuall' larger than the left because it is the continuation of superior sagittal sinus(!)

$eft transverse sinus is formed &' the continuation of straight sinus/ Straight sinus is formed &' union of inferior sagittal sinus and great cere&ral vein , of Galen.

Straight sinus

Sigmoid sinuses

Continuations of transverse sinuses Groove the inner aspect of posteroinferior angle of parietal &one,mastoid angle. Pass into 7ugular foramina and continue as Internal 7ugular veins,IJ#.

Groove for sigmoid sinus

P asterion O

Close relation of sigmoid sinus %ith the mastoid process

Sigmoid sinus

)astoid process

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis can occur as a complication of otitis media (middle ear infection)

Identif'

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