Course 1

27.02.2007

The compound nominal predicate is made up a linking verb followed by a predicative expressed by different parts of speech, such as: a noun, an adjective, a pronoun, an infinitive or a subordinate predicative clause. Within the compound nominal predicate, the linking verb suffers different changes to indicate its formal elements, that is: aspect, mood, voice, tense, person and number; while the predicative is the meaningful element. There are the following categories of semi auxiliary linking verbs: a! verbs of being or state: to be, to stand, to feel; b! verbs of remaining or continuing: to continue, to remain, to stay, to hold, to keep; c! verbs of becoming or transition from one state to another : to become, to get, to grow, to turn, to fall, to run, to go, to prove, to turn out; d! verbs of seeming and appearing: to seem, to appear, to look, to loom "a se #ntre$%ri!; e! some other transitive verbs which are followed by an adjective : to smell, to hold, to taste, to come, to blow, to rise. The predicative is mainly expressed by the following parts of speech: a) a noun with or without a determiner: e.g. &he called me her darling girl. b) a pronoun: e.g. That's it( c) an adjective: e.g. )t was getting dar!. d) a numeral e.g. *e was forth in the class. e) an adverb e.g. )t is getting late. f) an interrogative pronoun or adverb e.g. "ow old is your son+ "ow much is this+ g) an infinitive e.g. To know is to have power. h) a gerund following the lin!ing verb #to be$ e.g. *aving seen one is having seen them all. i) a subordinate predicative clause introduced by such conjunctions as: that whether, if, as if; the relative conjunctional pronouns: what, which or by the adverbs: where, when, how, which: e.g. The trouble is that % too! the wrong bus. j) a gerund e.g. *is hobby is s!iing. !) a #for& to$ infinitive or a genitive with the 'erund construction e.g. )t is nor for me to blame her. The trouble was my being too trustworthy. l) a prepositional phrase or construction e.g. ) hold him up to it. ,

The double (comple)) predicate is a wide spread form in -nglish and is represented by a number of notional verbs, such as: to come, to go, to lie, to stand, to rise which establish predicative relations with different parts of speech called adjuncts. .nlike some other verbs of the nominal predicate, the verb of the double predicate has a full lexical meaning which resides in the fact that the double predicate is in fact a contraction if the predicates of two sentences/ clauses: e.g. The door shut close. 0 result The predicative adjunct can be e)pressed by: a! a noun after the verbs: to come, to go, to make, to die: e.g.. *e died a coward. b! a noun connected to the verb by the conjunction 1as2: e.g. &he worked as a teacher. c! an adjective after the verbs: to go, to come, to lie, to stand, to rise, to blow, to burst, to fly, to die, to blush "a ro3i!: e.g. *e came died tired. d! the indefinite participle or a participial construction after the verbs: to come, to lie, to pass by, to go: e.g. *e just lay there thin!ing of nothing. e! a past participle after the verbs: to come and to stand: e.g. "er dress has come unstitched. "s a scurtat! The mi)ed predicate is represented by modal and aspect verbs followed by a linking verb and a predicative of it such as in: *e must be very tired. *owever we distinguish between the so called compound mi)ed modal verbal nominal predicate "*e must be very tired! and a mi)ed aspect verbal nominal predicate "such as in: We were beginning to feel tired!, and finally a mi)ed modal aspect verbal predicate "*e could go on singing for hours!.