By Nor Haniza Mustafar Kamar

TRANSPORTATION PLANNING

Traffic Engineering Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses engineering techniques to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. It focuses mainly on research for safe and efficient traffic flow, such as road geometry, sidewalks and crosswalks, segregated cycle facilities, shared lane marking, traffic signs, road surface markings and traffic lights. Traffic engineering deals with the functional part of transportation system, except the infrastructures provided.
1.1 : Understand the concepts of transportation engineering

Transport Engineering Transportation engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods
1.1 : Understand the concepts of transportation engineering

Road Engineering Also known as Highway Engineering, Road Engineering is an engineering discipline branching from civil engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods
1.1 : Understand the concepts of transportation engineering

LIFE

HUMAN

GOODS

TRAVEL

BUSINESS

TRANSPORT

Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Engineering technologies to move passengers and goods efficiently, safely and cleanly
White Color in civil engineering Blue Ocean as long as there is a Congestion

How would your life be without transportation?!

Transportation allows people and things to go places, whether it is across a room or across an ocean. There are many forms of transportation, like walking, bicycles, cars, trains, aircraft, boats, and in fact anything that allows a person or item to move.

Importance of Transportation

Comfort and Convenience Ease and Speed Creation of employment Production and consumption of products to occur at different locations Help increase economic development

Importance of Transportation

The world that we live in now will most likely be impossible had it not been for innovations in transportation. There would not have been any great infrastructure, industrialisation, or massive production, if transportation was incompetent. Life would not have kept up with the fast changing times if there were no huge trucks, bulldozers, trailers, cargo ships, or large aircrafts to carry them to different places. In other words, the global society would not have experienced comfort and convenience had it not been for advancements in the transportation sector. Today, humanity has technology to thank for all the wonderful things that it currently enjoys now.

Importance of Transportation

Makes available goods to customers: Transport makes possible movement of goods from one place to another with great ease and speed. Thus, consumers spread in different parts of the country have the benefit of consuming goods produced at distant places

Importance of Transportation

Helps in creation of employment: Transport provides employment opportunity to individuals as drivers, conductors, pilots, cabin crew, captain of the ship, etc. who are directly engaged in transport business. It also provides employment to people indirectly in the industries producing various means of transport and other transport equipments.

Importance of Transportation

Transport is a key necessity for specializationallowing production and consumption of products to occur at different locations. Transport has throughout history been a spur to expansion; better transport allows more trade and a greater spread of people. Economic growth has always been dependent on increasing the capacity and rationality of transport.

Importance of Transportation

Transport improvement are not always the best way to improve productivity or increase economic development. In general, such improvements only increase economic development where inadequate transport is a significant constraint on economic activity. An area that lacks paved roads may experience significant economic growth from a new highway or bridge that significantly reduces travel costs, but once an area has basic highway access, each increase in highway capacity tends to provide less overall benefit.

Importance of Transportation

Relocation of travellers and cargo are the most common uses of transport. However, other uses exist, such as the strategic and tactical relocation of armed forces during warfare, or the civilian mobility construction or emergency equipment. The function of Transportation can be summarized into the TWO (2) Categories below:

1.Product movement 2. Product storage

To move various types of product whether it is raw materials component, semi- finished goods, finished goods, packaging material, scrap and so on. Transportation of a product involves the use of temporal resources. This is because a particular product is inaccessible while it is in-transit. i.e while it is being transport from one place to another place. Transportation of product involves the use of financial resources. Expenses on transport result from cost of driver, cleaner, casual laborer, taxes, administrative costs, and repairs/ maintenance. Transportations of product also use environmental resources. Either directly or indirectly. In direct terms, transportation uses a very large amount of energy in term of fuel and oil

Function of Transportation

Though it is not very common, but one of the functions of transportation is also temporary storage of goods. in case of goods have to be moved once again within just a few days. It is advisable to keep them stored in transport vehicles themselves. this will avoid the cost of unloading and loading as well as the possible damage to goods during such a operation.

Function of Transportation

The Transportation system is a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods.

Transportation systems are a fundamental part of logistics and planning whenever vehicles are used to move people or items from one location to another. They allow people to get to work on time using the local bus or train service, and they allow airlines to tell their customers when they can expect an airplane to arrive at its destination.

The purpose of a transportation system is to coordinate the movement of people, goods and vehicles in order to utilize routes most efficiently. When implemented, transportation systems seek to reduce transport costs and improve delivery times through effective timetabling and route management. Periodic re-evaluations and the development of alternative routes allow for timely changes to the transportation system in order to maintain efficiency.

A road network is a system of interconnecting lines and points that represent a system of streets or roads for a given area. A road network provides the foundation for network analysis; for example, finding the best route or creating service areas.

Road network in SABAH (MALAYSIA)

Private transport, as opposed to public transport, is transportation service which is not available for use by the general public. Private transport is the dominant form of transportation in most of the world. Motorized Automobile, Motorcycle, Non-motorized Bicycle, Skates

Public Transport is a shared passenger transport service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, car pooling or hired buses which are not shared by strangers without private arrangement. Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams and trains, rapid transit (metro/subways/undergrounds etc) and ferries. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world.

AIR TRANSPORTATIO N LAND

TRANSPORTATIO N

WATER TRANSPORTATIO N

MODES OF TRANSPOR TATION

PIPE TRANSPORTATIO N

Reference : Pn Aziahs Notes

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LAND TRANSPORTATION
The level of service of this mode is very popular and as a common use. It can be categorised by private transportation, public transportation and also commercial and trade transport.
Examples: car passenger, motorcycle and bicycle

AIR TRANSPORTATION
Good service quality compared to other modes but the operation cost is very high. Examples: Helicopter, airplanes, blimps
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WATER TRANSPORTATION
The level of service of this mode is quite low as the movement is slow and highly depend on the weather and high risk of goods being damage.

Examples: Ferry, Hovercraft, ship

PIPE TRANSPORTATION
It is also categorized as part of transportation mode but the type of good to be transported through this mode is limited. Low labour cost but high cost of the maintenance needed. Examples: gas pipe, oil pipe and water pipe
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