G.H.

RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON

GAT NO 269, NEAR SHANBAG VIDYALAYA AT POST SAVKHEDA (B.K.), JALGAON. A PROJECT REPORT ON

air cooling with dehumidification & heating ,economically

SUBMITTED BY:AJAY BHALERAO SHRIKRISHNA TAGAD ROHIT MAHALE SANDIP DHANGAR SUYOG GIRNARE GUIDED BY:MR. DIPAK S. CHAUDHRI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING G.H.RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON. 2013-14

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G.H.RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON

GAT NO 269, NEAR SHANBAG VIDYALAYA AT POST SAVKHEDA (B.K.), JALGAON.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2013-14 CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the Project Report Entitled air cooling with

dehumidification & heating ,economicallysubmitted by shrikrishna tagad,

Ajay bhalerao, rohit mahale, sandip dhangar, suyog girnare of academic year 2013-14 is the Report of the original work carried by them under our guidance and supervision.

It is further certified that it meets requirement of the course of Mechanical Engineering prescribed in the syllabus of MSBTE. DATE: / /2014 PLACE: Jalgaon

(Mr. D.S.Chaudhari) (Guide)

(Mr. N. C. Pawar) (H. O. D)

(Mr. G. B. Nimbhore) (Project Coordinator)

G.H.RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON.

(Mr. T. M. Patil) (Principle)

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G.H.RAISONI POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON

GAT NO 269, NEAR SHANBAG VIDYALAYA AT POST SAVKHEDA (B.K.), JALGAON

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the Project Report Entitled air cooling with

dehumidification & heating ,economically

submitted by Ajay bhalerao,

shrikrishna tagad, rohit mahale, sandip dhangar, suyog girnare of academic year 2013-14 is the Report of the original work carried by them under our guidance and supervision.

It is further certified that it meets requirement of the course of Mechanical Engineering prescribed in the syllabus of MSBTE. DATE: / /2014 PLACE: Jalgaon

(Mr. D.S. Chaudhari) (Guide)

(Mr. N. C. Pawar) (H. O. D)

(Mr. G. B.Nimbhore) (Project Coordinator)

(Mr. T. M. Patil) (Principle)

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Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the Project Report Entitled air cooling with

dehumidification & heating ,economically

submitted by Ajay bhalerao,

shrikrishna tagad, rohit mahale, sandip dhangar, suyog girnare of academic year 2013-14 is the Report of the original work carried by them under our guidance and supervision.

It is further certified that it meets requirement of the course of Mechanical Engineering prescribed in the syllabus of MSBTE. DATE: / /2014 PLACE: Jalgaon

(Mr. D. S. Chaudhari) (Guide)

(Mr. N. C. Pawar) (H. O. D)

(Mr. G. Nimbhore) (Project Coordinator)

(Mr. T. M. Patil) (Principle)

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ACKNOWLDGEMENTS
We had a vision of doing an outstanding research work and to pursue Diploma of Engineering. Our guide Mr. D.S .Chaudhri taught us like good teacher endowed us with their talent; accomplished us as a wise critic and helped us as a generous friend. It is due to their grace that the dream could turn into reality. No words of gratitude shall be sufficient to express our feeling towards them. We would also like to exhibit our thankfulness to our Head of Department Mr. N. C. Pawar, who contributed their useful suggestions and encouraged us for doing this work. Our sincere thanks to Mr. T. M. Patil, Head of the Institute who provided us all the facilities to work. His personality, which is a model for the researches, has always motivated us. Our Strength to our loving parents and work is dedicated to their blessings, well wishes, inspiration and encouragement.

Shrikrishna tagad

Ajay bhalerao

Sandip Dhangar

Rohit mahale

Suyog girnare

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ABSTRACT
Air cooling with dehumidification & heating, economically

Cooling coils provide both sensible cooling and moisture removal. Data from field test studies have demonstrated that the moisture removal capacity of a cooling coil degrades at part-load conditions, especially when the supply air fan operates continuously. Degradation occurs because moisture that condenses on the coil surfaces during the cooling on cycle evaporates back into air stream when the coil is off. This paper presents initial laboratory and field results that characterize the part- load dehumidification performance of various cooling systems. The lab and field measurements compare well to theoretical algorithms that have been developed to predict this part-load phenomenon (Henderson and Rengarajan 1996). The lab data have also confirmed many of the underlying assumptions of the theoretical model. The paper also discusses the types of applications and control modes where part- load latent degradation is the greatest concern. In our project include heating coil (heater) which heats the entire room in winter season economically & efficiently. It means that our project can be used as a heater & cooler both. After some development & improvement in this project we can easily cool the drinking water bottles & increase the deterioration period of vegetables, knownvage & other foods. If think entire project, our project is based on refrigeration theory & it is a combination of air cooler, air heater & refrigeration unit.

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CHAPTER NO.:-1 INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION
We are planning to design a new product that can be used in existing domestic cooler systems. The product is humidity based efficient evaporative cooler system which maintains the humidity range within optimum levels suitable for the human body. The product is named as combiswhitch. If you are exploring the heating and cooling options for a new house or looking for ways to reduce your energy bills, you may be considering a heat pump. A heat pump can provide yearround climate control for your home by supplying heat to it in the winter and cooling it in the summer. Some types can also heat water. In general, using a heat pump alone to meet all your heating needs may not be economical. However, used in conjunction with a supplementary form of heating, such as an oil, gas or electric furnace, a heat pump can provide reliable and economic heating in winter and cooling in summer. If you already have an oil or electric heating system, installing a heat pump may be an effective way to reduce your energy costs. Nevertheless, it is important to consider all the benefits and costs before purchasing a heat pump. While heat pumps may have lower fuel costs than conventional heating and cooling systems, they are more expensive to buy. It is important to carefully weigh your anticipated fuel savings against the initial cost. It is also important to realize that heat pumps will be most economical when used year round. Investing in a heat pump will make more sense if you are interested in both summer cooling and winter heating. In addition to looking at cost, you should consider other factors.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 2 HISTORY

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HISTORY

Schematic diagram of an ancient Iranianwindcatcher and quant, used for evaporative cooling of buildings (click image to enlarge) Civilizations throughout the ages have found ingenious ways to combat the heat in their region. An earlier form of air cooling, the wind catcher (Bad gir), was invented in Persia (Iran) thousands of years ago in the form of wind shafts on the roof, which caught the wind, passed it over subterranean water in a quant and discharged the cooled air into the building. Nowadays Iranians have changed the wind catcher into an evaporative cooler (Cooler bi) and use it widely.

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The evaporative cooler was the subject of numerous US patents in the 20th century; many of these, starting in 1906, suggested or assumed the use of excelsior (wood wool) pads as the elements to bring a large volume of water in contact with moving air to allow evaporation to occur. A typical design, as shown in a 1945 patent, includes a water reservoir (usually with level controlled by a float valve), a pump to circulate water over the excelsior pads and a squirrel-cage fan to draw air through the pads and into the house. This design and this material remain dominant in evaporative coolers in the American Southwest, where they are also used to increase humidity. In the United States, the use of the term swamp cooler may be due to the odor of algae produced by early units. Evaporative cooling was in vogue for aircraft engines in the 1930s, for example with the Beardmore Tornado airship engine. Here the system was used to reduce, or eliminate completely, the radiator which would otherwise create considerable drag. In these systems the water in the engine was kept under pressure with pumps, allowing it to heat to temperatures above 100C, as the actual boiling point is a function of the pressure. The superheated water was then sprayed through a nozzle into an open tube, where it flashed into steam, releasing its heat. The tubes could be placed under the skin of the aircraft, resulting in a zero-drag cooling system.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 3 HUMIDIFICATION

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HUMIDIFICATION

What is humidity?
Humidity is something we hear about daily in weather reports. Absolute humidity is the mass of water vapour divided by the mass of dry air in a volume of air at a given temperature. Relative humidity is the ratio of the current absolute humidity to the highest possible absolute humidity (which depends on the current air temperature)

Humidity and human body

When the relative humidity is high, we feel much hotter than actual temperature. If the relative humidity is low, we feel much cooler than the actual temperature because our sweet evaporates easily cooling us off. The heat index is an index that combines air temperature and the relative humidity in an attempt to determine the human-perceived equivalent temperature. People tend to feel most comfortable at a relative humidity of about 45%.

Existing evaporative cooler systems

An evaporative cooler is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. Evaporative cooling differs from typical air conditioning system which use vapour compression or absorption refrigeration cycles. Evaporative cooling works by employing waters large enthalpy of vaporization. The temperature of dry air can be dropped significantly through the phase transition of liquid water to water vapour, which requires much less energy than refrigeration

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Energy Management in the Home

Heat pumps are very efficient heating and cooling systems and can significantly reduce your energy costs. However, there is little point in investing in an efficient heating system if your home is losing heat through poorly insulated walls, ceilings, windows and doors, and by air leakage through cracks and holes. In many cases, it makes good sense to reduce air leakage and upgrade thermal insulation levels before buying or upgrading your heating system. A number of publications explaining how to do this are available from Natural Resources Canada

Summer Cooling May Add to Energy Bills

Heat pumps supply heat to the house in the winter and cool the house in the summer. They require electricity to operate. If you add a heat pump to your heating system or convert from another fuel to a heat pump, and your old system was not equipped with central air conditioning, you may find that your electricity bills will be higher than before.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 4 THE PRINCIPLES OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING

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THE PRINCIPLES OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING

As water is evaporated, energy is lost from the air, reducing the temperature. Two temperatures are important when dealing with evaporative cooling systems.

How Does an Evaporative Air Conditioner Work?

Evaporative air conditioning uses evaporation to cool the air. In an evaporative cooler, such as Breezier, a pump circulates water from the reservoir on to a cooling pad, which in turn becomes very wet. A fan draws air from outside the unit through the moistened pad. As it passes through the pad the air is cooled by evaporation. The key to effective evaporative cooling is ensuring that each of the cooling pads are completely saturated at all times during operation and that the systems fan & motor are sized and designed to deliver the appropriate airflow for the home.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 5 WORKING OF HEAT PUMP

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WORKING OF HEAT PUMP

WHAT IS A HEAT PUMP AND HOW DOES IT WORKS?
A heat pump is an electrical device that extracts heat from one place and transfers it to another. The heat pump is not a new technology; it has been used in Canada and around the world for decades. Refrigerators and air conditioners are both common examples of this technology. DIAGRAM:-

Heat pumps transfer heat by circulating a substance called a refrigerant through a cycle of evaporation and condensation. A compressor pumps the refrigerant between two heat exchanger coils. In one coil, the refrigerant is evaporated at low pressure and absorbs heat from its surroundings. The refrigerant is then compressed en route to the other coil, where it condenses at high pressure. At this point, it releases the heat it absorbed earlier in the cycle. Refrigerators and air conditioners are both examples of heat pumps operating only in the cooling mode. A refrigerator is essentially an insulated box with a heat pump system connected to it. The evaporator coil is located inside the box, usually in the freezer compartment. Heat is absorbed from this location and transferred outside, usually behind or underneath the unit where the condenser coil is located. Similarly, an air conditioner transfers heat from inside a house to the outdoors. The heat pump cycle is fully reversible, and heat pumps can provide year-round climate control for your home heating in winter and cooling and dehumidifying in summer. Since the ground and air outside always contain some heat, a heat pump can supply heat to a house even

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on cold winter days. In fact, air at 18C contains about 85 percent of the heat it contained at 21C. An air-source heat pump absorbs heat from the outdoor air in winter and rejects heat into outdoor air in summer. It is the most common type of heat pump found in Canadian homes at this time. However, ground-source (also called earth-energy, geothermal, geoexchange) heat pumps, which draw heat from the ground or ground water, are becoming more widely used, particularly in British Columbia, the Prairies and Central Canada.

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PROBLEM STATEMENT

To design an energy efficient device which when connected to an existing cooler system controls the cooling effect base on variation humidity. The product should be economical in hardware realization and efficient in power seeing.

MOTIVATION

Low humidity cause respiratory illness or certain allergies breathing problems and may cause joint pain. On the other hand high humidity encourages bacteria mould and fungus growth To design such a system which can work at relative humidity levels and to maintain optimum rang of humidity.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 6 COMPONENTS OF COOLER & HEATER

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COMPONENTS OF COOLER & HEATER

1] Cooler Fan:-

Our professionals hold immense experience in manufacturing and supplying wide range of Cooler Fan. This range of products comprises a wide variety of fans to be used in air coolers. These fans are provided in an extensive array of sizes and specifications. To fabricate this product, we use high-grade raw material and components, thus giving it a sturdy construction. We supply Cooler Fans of unmatched quality that is preferred by the clients for low power consumption, high efficacy, noise free operation, durability and other such qualities. The Cooler Fan that we manufacture brings in repeated orders from the customers based in different parts of the world. Praised For :

Used In : 1) Hot areas of working unit 2) Homes 3) Offices.

Dynamic balance Speedy performance Low maintenance Longer service life

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2] Cooler Fan Motor:-

We are the leading suppliers of premium quality Cooler Fan Motor, which is manufactured from Condenser Fan Motor units. Specially sourced from the most reliable vendors under the strict supervision of our experienced professionals, these products are highly appreciated for their high durability, excellent efficiency, and low power consumption. With their stringent quality check on various required parameters, these products adhere to the set International Quality Standards. And in addition to this, these products are commonly used in air conditioning machines because of their ability to enhance the performance of condensers and finally leading to better air conditioning. We are engaged in manufacturing & supplying of a wide assortment of Inch Exhaust Motors that are known for high performance, durability and wear & tear resistance. These are manufactured using high grade raw material procured form authentic vendors. Our range undergoes rigorous quality tests assuring they are in compliance with industry quality standards.

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3] Heater Coils

We have come up with various types of Super Heater Coils, which are extremely durable. These coils are provided in various sizes and shapes. Our coils are manufactured using superior quality carbon steel for protection against corrosion. We also offer these coils to the customers at cost-effective rates. We are looking for queries from Vidarba Region. Heating Elements Our super heater coils are manufactured using carbon steel and alloy steel tubes. In primary and secondary stages of captive power plants and thermal power plants, these coils are used. Our coils are offered as per the drawings and specifications of the clients. These coils are available with us in various lengths. Some highlighting features of these coils are: Durability Resistance to corrosion High tensile strength Applications: Helical coil heating elements often are used as a direct replacement for plug/rack heating elements originally installed in industrial heating equipment. Furnace Type: Convection furnaces and ovens, melting and holding furnaces, die casting equipment, and glass lairs. Material Options: Nickel/chrome, iron/chrome/aluminum. Temperature Range: 200 F to 2280 F (93 C to 1250 C). Power Rating: As required.

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4] Cooler Pump:

We specialize in electric fan motors and cooler pumps. It has also been drawing significant demand in the world markets, thanks to its enduring performance record and engineering superiority. We offer good quality submersible pumps for various purposes. Our range if submersible pumps are manufactured to deliver efficient output even for longer hours of work. These submersible pumps consume less electricity. The special thrust bearing design with a stainless steel jacket provides durability.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 7 OTHER TERMS

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OTHER TERMS
A Btu/h, or British thermal unit per hour, is a unit used to measure the heat output of a heating system. One Btu is the amount of heat energy given off by a typical birthday candle. If this heat energy were released over the course of one hour, it would be the equivalent of one Btu/h. Heating degree-days are a measure of the severity of the weather. One degree-day is counted for every degree that the average daily temperature is below the base temperature of 18C. For example, if the average temperature on a particular day was 12C, six degree-days would be credited to that day. The annual total is calculated by simply adding the daily totals. A kW, or kilowatt, is equal to 1000 watts. This is the amount of power required by ten 100-watt light bulbs. A ton is a measure of heat pump capacity. It is equivalent to 3.5 kW or 12 000 Btu/h. The coefficient of performance (COP) is a measure of a heat pumps efficiency. It is determined by dividing the energy output of the heat pump by the electrical energy needed to run the heat pump, at a specific temperature. The higher the COP, the more efficient the heat pump. This number is comparable to the steady-state efficiency of oil- and gas-fired furnaces. The heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) is a measure of the total heat output in Btu of a heat pump over the entire heating season divided by the total energy in watt hours it uses during that time. This number is similar to the seasonal efficiency of a fuel-fired heating system and includes energy for supplementary heating. Weather data characteristic of long-term climatic conditions are used to represent the heating season in calculating the HSPF. The energy efficiency ratio (EER) measures the steady state cooling efficiency of a heat pump. It is determined by dividing the cooling capacity of the heat pump in Btu/h by the electrical energy input in watts at a specific temperature. The higher the EER, the more efficient the unit. The seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER) measures the cooling efficiency of the heat pump over the entire cooling season. It is determined by dividing the total cooling provided over the cooling season in Btu by the total energy used by the heat pump during that time in watt hours. The SEER is based on a climate with an average summer temperature of 28C.

The thermal balance point is the temperature at which the amount of heating provided by the heat pump equals the amount of heat lost from the house. At this point, the heat pump capacity matches the full heating needs of the house. Below this temperature, supplementary heat is required from another source.
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The economic balance point is the temperature at which the cost of heat energy supplied by the heat pump equals the cost of heat supplied by a supplementary heating system. Below this point, it is not economical to run the heat pump.

Certification and Standards

The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) currently verifies all heat pumps for electrical safety. A performance standard specifies tests and test conditions at which heat pump heating and cooling capacities and efficiency are determined. The performance testing standards for air source heat pumps are CSA C273.3 and C656. CSA has also published an installation standard for add-on air source heat pumps The industry has worked with CSA to publish standards to test the efficiency of ground source heat pumps, and to ensure that they are designed and installed properly. These standards are CSA C13256-1-01 and C448 Series-02, respectively. Minimum efficiency standards are in place for air-source and ground-source heat pumps in some provinces and under Canadas Energy Efficiency Regulations.

Efficiency Terminology
The efficiency ratings for different types of heat pumps use different terminology. For example, air-source heat pumps have seasonal heating and cooling ratings. The heating rating is the HSPF; the cooling rating is the SEER. Both are defined above. However, in the manufacturers catalogues you may still see COP or EER ratings. These are steady state ratings obtained at one set of temperature conditions and are not the same as the HSPF or SEER ratings. Earth-energy systems use only COP and EER ratings. Again, these ratings only hold for one temperature condition and cannot be directly used to predict annual performance in an application. In the section of this booklet titled "Major Benefits of Earth-Energy Systems" (see page 37), the COP ratings were used in a calculation to estimate HSPFs in different regions across Canada. HSPFs are not normally used to express the efficiency of earth-energy systems, but are used here to enable a comparison with air-source heat pumps.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 8 AIR-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

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AIR-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

Air-source heat pumps draw heat from the outside air during the heating season and reject heat outside during the summer cooling season. There are two types of air-source heat pumps. The most common is the air-to-air heat pump. It extracts heat from the air and then transfers heat to either the inside or outside of your home depending on the season. The other type is the air-to-water heat pump, which is used in homes with hydraulic heat distribution systems. During the heating season, the heat pump takes heat from the outside air and then transfers it to the water in the hydraulic distribution system. If cooling is provided during the summer, the process is reversed: the heat pump extracts heat from the water in the homes distribution system and "pumps" it outside to cool the house. These systems are rare, and many dont provide cooling; therefore, most of the following discussion focuses on air-to-air systems. More recently, ductless mini-split heat pumps have been introduced to the Canadian market. They are ideal for retrofit in homes with hydraulic or electric resistance baseboard heating. They are wall-mounted, free-air delivery units that can be installed in individual rooms of a house. Up to eight separate indoor wall-mounted units can be served by one outdoor section. Air-source heat pumps can be add-on, all-electric or bivalent. Add-on heat pumps are designed to be used with another source of supplementary heat, such as an oil, gas or electric furnace. All-electric air-source heat pumps come equipped with their own supplementary heating system in the form of electric-resistance heaters. Bivalent heat pumps are a special type, developed in Canada, that use a gas or propane fired burner to increase the temperature of the air entering the outdoor coil. This allows these units to operate at lower outdoor temperatures. Air-source heat pumps have also been used in some home ventilation systems to recover heat from outgoing stale air and transfer it to incoming fresh air or to domestic hot water.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 9 CYCLES OF HEAT PUMP

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CYCLES OF HEAT PUMP

An air-source heat pump has three cycles: the heating cycle, the cooling cycle and the defrost cycle.

1] THE HEATING CYCLE

During the heating cycle, heat is taken from outdoor air and "pumped" indoors. First, the liquid refrigerant passes through the expansion device, changing to a lowpressure liquid/vapour mixture. It then goes to the outdoor coil, which acts as the evaporator coil. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and boils, becoming a low-temperature vapour. This vapour passes through the reversing valve to the accumulator, which collects any remaining liquid before the vapour enters the compressor. The vapour is then compressed, reducing its volume and causing it to heat up. Finally, the reversing valve sends the gas, which is now hot, to the indoor coil, which is the condenser. The heat from the hot gas is transferred to the indoor air, causing the refrigerant to condense into a liquid. This liquid returns to the expansion device and the cycle is repeated. The indoor coil is located in the ductwork, close to the furnace. The ability of the heat pump to transfer heat from the outside air to the house depends on the outdoor temperature. As this temperature drops, the ability of the heat pump to absorb heat also drops. At the outdoor ambient balance point temperature, the heat pumps heating capacity is equal to the heat loss of the house. Below this outdoor ambient temperature, the heat pump can supply only part of the heat required to keep the living space comfortable, and supplementary heat is required. When the heat pump is operating in the heating mode without any supplementary heat, the air leaving it will be cooler than air heated by a normal furnace. Furnaces generally deliver air to the living space at between 55C and 60C. Heat pumps provide air in larger quantities at about 25C to 45C and tend to operate for longer periods.

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2] THE COOLING CYCLE

The cycle described above is reversed to cool the house during the summer. The unit takes heat out of the indoor air and rejects it outside. As in the heating cycle, the liquid refrigerant passes through the expansion device, changing to a low-pressure liquid/vapour mixture. It then goes to the indoor coil, which acts as the evaporator. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air and boils, becoming a low-temperature vapour. This vapour passes through the reversing valve to the accumulator, which collects any remaining liquid, and then to the compressor. The vapour is then compressed, reducing its volume and causing it to heat up. Finally, the gas, which is now hot, passes through the reversing valve to the outdoor coil, which acts as the condenser. The heat from the hot gas is transferred to the outdoor air, causing the refrigerant to condense into a liquid. This liquid returns to the expansion device, and the cycle is repeated. During the cooling cycle, the heat pump also dehumidifies the indoor air. Moisture in the air passing over the indoor coil condenses on the coils surface and is collected in a pan at the bottom of the coil. A condensate drain connects this pan to the house drain.

3] THE DEFROST CYCLE

If the outdoor temperature falls to near or below freezing when the heat pump is operating in the heating mode, moisture in the air passing over the outside coil will condense and freeze on it. The amount of frost buildup depends on the outdoor temperature and the amount of moisture in the air. This frost buildup decreases the efficiency of the coil by reducing its ability to transfer heat to the refrigerant. At some point, the frost must be removed. To do this, the heat pump will switch into the defrost mode. First, the reversing valve switches the device to the cooling mode. This sends hot gas to the outdoor coil to melt the frost. At the same time the outdoor fan, which normally blows cold air over the coil, is shut off in order to reduce the amount of heat needed to melt the frost. While this is happening, the heat pump is cooling the air in the ductwork. The heating system would normally warm this air as it is distributed throughout the house. One of two methods is used to determine when the unit goes into defrost mode. Demandfrost controls monitor airflow, refrigerant pressure, air or coil temperature and pressure differential across the outdoor coil to detect frost accumulation on the outdoor coil.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 10 MAJOR BENEFITS OF AIR-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

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MAJOR BENEFITS OF AIR-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

EFFICIENCY
At 10C, the coefficient of performance (COP) of air source heat pumps is typically about 3.3. This means that 3.3 kilowatt hours (kWh) of heat are transferred for every KWh of electricity supplied to the heat pump. At 8.3C, the COP is typically 2.3. The COP decreases with temperature because it is more difficult to extract heat from cooler air. Figure 6 shows how the COP is affected by cooler air temperature. Note, however, that the heat pump compares favorably with electric resistance heating (COP of 1.0) even when the temperature falls to 15C. Air-source heat pumps will operate with heating seasonal performance factors (HSPFs) that vary from 6.7 to 10.0, depending on their location in Canada and their rated performance. Figure 7 shows the range of performance of air-source heat pumps operating in various regions in Canada. For this booklet, we have identified three regions where it would be viable to use airsource heat pumps. The first region is the West Coast, characterized as mild with high heat pump performance. The second region southern Ontario, Nova Scotia and interior British Columbia is colder, and requires a heat pump with higher performance. The third region includes colder regions in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Outside these regions, air-source heat pumps are not as economically attractive.

ENERGY SAVINGS
You may be able to reduce your heating costs by up to 50 percent if you convert from an electric furnace to an all electric air-source heat pump. Your actual savings will vary, depending on factors such as local climate, the efficiency of your current heating system, the cost of fuel and electricity, and the size and HSPF of the heat pump installed. More advanced designs of air-source heat pumps can provide domestic water heating. Such systems are called "integrated" units because heating of domestic water has been integrated with a house space-conditioning system. Water heating can be provided with high efficiency in this way. Water heating bills can be reduced by 25 to 50 percent.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 11 MAINTENANCE

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MAINTENANCE
Proper maintenance is critical to ensure that your heat pump operates efficiently and has a long service life. You can do some of the simple maintenance yourself, but you may also want to have a competent service contractor do an annual inspection of your unit. The best time to service your unit is at the end of the cooling season, prior to the start of the next heating season. Filter and coil maintenance has a dramatic impact on system performance and service life. Dirty filters, coils and fans reduce airflow through the system. This reduces system performance, and can lead to compressor damage if it continues for extended periods of time. Filters should be inspected monthly and cleaned or replaced as required by the manufacturers instructions. The coils should be vacuumed or brushed clean at regular intervals as indicated in the manufacturers instruction booklet. The outdoor coil may be cleaned using a garden hose. While cleaning filters and coils, look for symptoms of other potential problems such as those described on the following page. The fan should be cleaned but the fan motor should only be lubricated if the manufacturer instructions specify this. This should be done annually to ensure that the fan provides the airflow required for proper operation. The fan speed should be checked at the same time. Incorrect pulley settings, loose fan belts, or incorrect motor speeds in the case of direct drive fans can all contribute to poor performance. Ductwork should be inspected and cleaned as required to ensure that airflow is not restricted by loose insulation, abnormal buildup of dust, or any other obstacles that occasionally find their way through the grilles. Be sure that vents and registers are not blocked by furniture, carpets or other items that can block airflow. As noted earlier, extended periods of inadequate airflow can lead to compressor damage. You will need to hire a competent service contractor to do more difficult maintenance such as checking the refrigerant level and making electrical or mechanical adjustments. Service contracts are similar to those for oil and gas furnaces. But heat pumps are more sophisticated than conventional equipment and, therefore, can have higher average service costs.

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Operating Costs
The energy costs of a heat pump can be lower than those of other heating systems, particularly electric or oil heating systems. However, the relative savings will depend on whether you are currently using electricity, oil, propane or natural gas, and on the relative costs of different energy sources in your area. By running a heat pump, you will use less gas or oil, but more electricity. If you live in an area where electricity is expensive, your operating costs may be higher. Depending on these factors, the payback period for investment in an air-source heat pump rather than a central air conditioner could be anywhere from two to seven years. Later in this booklet, heating energy cost comparisons between air-source and ground-source heat pumps and electric and oil heating systems will be made.

Life Expectancy and Warranties

Air-source heat pumps have a service life of between 15 and 20 years. The compressor is the critical component of the system. Most heat pumps are covered by a one-year warranty on parts and labour, and an additional five- to ten-year warranty on the compressor (for parts only). However, warranties vary between manufacturers, so check the fine print.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 12 ADVANTAGES

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ADVANTAGES
First the new system is a lot less costly to install when compared with refrigerator air conditioners thereby settling up a cooler cost only about one eight to a half of refrigerator air conditioner. Operating it is also cheaper accounting just a fourth of what is expanded on refrigerator air. The benefit of both fan and motor combined with advance electronic controls manage and monitor the motor to ensure that the system runs at optimum efficiency at all times. The system is a smart that it even adjusts the motor speed automatically to cope with different humidity levels. Less expensive to install

Estimated cost for installation is about half that of central refrigerated air conditioning.[13]

Less expensive to operate

Estimated cost of operation is 1/8 that of refrigerated air.[14] Power consumption is limited to the fan and water pump. Because the water vapor is not recycled, there is no compressor that consumes most of the power in closed-cycle refrigeration.

Ease of maintenance

The only two mechanical parts in most basic evaporative coolers are the fan motor and the water pump, both of which can be repaired at low cost and often by a mechanically inclined homeowner.

Ventilation air

The constant and high volumetric flow rate of air through the building reduces the "age-ofair" in the building dramatically. Evaporative cooling increases humidity. In dry climates, this may improve comfort and decrease static electricity problems.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 13 DISADVANTAGES

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DISADVANTAGES

1. High humidity condition decrease the cooling efficiency 2. Under the high humidity environment, when the relative humidity is around 80-90%, the electrical system will eventually undergoes corrosion & moisture surface. 3. As the humidity increase, however, the ability for them to cool the air effectively decreases.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 14 APPLICATION

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APPLICATION

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

This Air Cooler Used In Hospital. This Air Cooler Used In Industries. In Future This Air Cooler Used In Cooling The Water Bottles. It Can Be Also Used For Increasing The Deterioration Period Of Vegetables & non veg. It Can Be Also Used For To Maintain A Temperature Of Equipment In Industries.

6) Industrial Fields: Textile, Socks/Clothes Making, Glass, Molding, Rubber, Coating, SilkScreen Printing, Toy, Electronics, Home Appliances, Shoe Making, Printing, Food Stuff, Processing, Dyeing, Laundry And Other Workshops With High Temperature. 7) Civil Fields: Net Bars, Stores, Supermarkets, Mess Hall, Food Markets, Waiting-Rooms And Recreation Places And Other Occasions With Air-Conditioning. Agricultural Fields: Large Farms, Greenhouse And Livestock Farms, Etc. Cool Almost Any Area

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CHAPTER NO.:- 15 FUTURE SCOPE

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FUTURE SCOPE

In the feature design evaporative air coolers, the comb switch can be integrated within the cooler structure itself. Using a RF module, the comb switch can be controlled through a remote control, which will make it even more user-friendly. An LCD displaying relative humidity and the temperature may also be incorporated within such as advanced cooler. An additional control may be provided for the blower speed control. A dehumidifier may also be employed to improve the performance of cooler system.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 16 CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION
The key to success in applying dehumidification systems is to address the installation issues associated with each system. When designing dehumidification systems, it is important to focus on the detailed installation requirements of the equipment and components chosen for the application.

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CHAPTER NO.:- 17 REFERENCES

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REFERENCES

1. Kheirabadi, Masoud (1991). Iranian cities: formation and development. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p. 36.ISBN 978-0-292-72468-6. 2. John Zellweger (1906). "Air filter and cooler". U.S. patent 838602. 3. Bryant Essick (1945). "Pad for evaporative coolers". U.S. patent 2391558. 4. Scott Landis (1998). The Workshop Book. Taunton Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-56158271-6. 5. Gutenberg, Arthur William (1955). The Economics of the Evaporative Cooler Industry in the Southwestern United States. Stanford University Graduate School of Business. p. 167. 6. Such units were mounted on the passenger-side window of the vehicle; the window was rolled nearly all the way up, leaving only enough space for the vent which carried the cool air into the vehicle.

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