E3 Guide RC Project Nagy-Gyorgy T 2014 v2

REINFORCEDCONCRETE
DESIGNGUIDE
1
ST
PART
Preparedby
NAGYGYRGYTams
PhD,Lecturer
tamas.nagygyorgy@upt.ro
FLORU Codru
PhD,AssistantLecturer
codrut.florut@upt.ro
2014
V2
REFERENCES
SR EN 1992-1-1: 2004, Proiectarea structurilor de beton, Partea 1-1: Reguli generale pentru cldiri
(+AC:2008)
SR EN 1992-1-1/NB: 2008, Proiectarea structurilor de beton, Partea 1-1: Reguli generale pentru cldiri.
Anexa Naional
EN 1992-1-1: 2004, Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
SR EN 1991-1-1:2004, Aciuni asupra structurilor. Partea 1-1: Aciuni generale (+ NA:2006)
P 100-1/20013, Cod de proiectare seismic - Partea I - Prevederi de proiectare pentru cldiri
Cadar I., Clipii T., Tudor A., Beton Armat (ed. II), Ed. Orizonturi Universitare, 2004, ISBN 973-638-176-5
Kiss Z., One T., Proiectarea structurilor de beton armat dup SR EN 1992-1, Ed. Abel, 2008, ISBN
973114070-0
Mosley W.H., Burgey J.H., Hulse R., Reinforced Concrete Design to Eurocode 2, Sixth Edition, 2007, ISBN:
9780230500716
Nilson A., Darwin D., Dolan Ch., Design of Concrete Structures (13th Ed.), McGraw-Hill Co, 2004, ISBN 0-07-
248305-9
Newman J., Choo B. S., Advanced Concrete Technology SET, Ed. Elsevier Science, 2003, ISBN-13:
9780750656863
I.DESIGNOFARCCASTINPLACESLAB
1. ELEMENTS OF A FLOOR
- STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS , WITH STRENGTH ROLE
- SLAB AND BEAMS (DISPOSED IN ONE OR TWO DIRECTIONS, WHICH SUPPORTS THE
SLAB)
- NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS, E.G. PROTECTIONS
- FINISHING, FLOORS, ISOLATIONS (ACOUSTIC, HYDRO-), INSULATIONS
GIRDERS (MAIN BEAMS) BEING ALSO IN THE SAME TIME BEAMS OF THE FRAME
SECONDARY BEAMS DISPOSED PERPENDICULAR TO THE GIRDERS, BEING
EQUIDISTANT (AS IS MUCH AS IT IS POSSIBLE), THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN THEIR AXIS BEING
IN THE CASE OF SLABS REINFORCED IN ONE DIRECTION, THE RATIO
OF A SLAB PANEL RESPECTS THE CONDITION:
p

mox min p
The cast-in-place floor is a space structure, because, through concrete and
steel reinforcement a link between the component elements is created.
The computation of a space structure is quite difficult, therefore, in design is
accepted the calculation of each structural element separately, taking into
account the load transmission modes, in vertical direction, toward the supports.
In this way, it could be admitted that the slab (S) is supported by the secondary
beams (SB), the secondary beams are supported by the girders (G) and columns
(C) and the girders together with columns are forming the frame, which transmits
the loads to the foundations (F) and to the terrain.
S SB frame = G + C F terrain
The route of the loads specifies the order in which the design of the structural element must be done, i.e.
design of the slab, then secondary beams, girders, etc.
n x B
L
L
Girders
Secondary beams
Slab panel
Columns
Detail A
(bay)
(
s
p
a
n
)
Transversal sections
girder secondary beam
secondary
beam
girder
Girder
secondary
beam
Detail A
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
DESIGN PHASES
- PRE-DIMENSIONING: choosing the structural elements dimensions
according to the recommendations, in such a way to correspond also to other
criteria that the strength;
- COMPUTATION OF THE LOADS: determination of the design loads,
knowing the structural elements dimensions, the composition of non-structural
elements, destination and location of the construction;
- ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME FOR DESIGN based on the design
spans of the elements;
- STATIC DESIGN: determining the most unfavourable effects of design loads
which acting on the admitted static scheme. It can be solved by using CAD
programs or manually, with approximate methods;
DESIGN PHASES (contd)
- THE PROPER DESIGN, through following steps:
- finalization of the elements cross section, based on the results
from the static calculations and on the used material characteristics;
- computation of the reinforcement area and setting their layout;
- execution drawing, which includes the framework plane and
reinforcement layout, reinforcement details and material consumptions
(volume of the concrete and reinforcement).
2. PRE-DIMENSIONING THE ELEMENTS OF THE FLOOR
SLAB
IF YESSLAB REINFORCED IN A SINGLE DIRECTION
(Conf. P100-1/2013)
h
s
= M x 10 mm
l = interaxis
mox min p
s min min
Section aa
h
s
BEAMS
b
min
= 200 mm
h, b = M x 50 mm
L = interaxis
DIMENSION RECOMMENDATIONS
HEIGHT
Minimum,h
min
L/(1215) girders
L/20 secondarybeams
Optimum, h
opt
L/(812) girders
L/(1215) secondarybeams
WIDTH h/b=1.53 rectangularsection
COLUMNS (is chosen)
b
COL
= (b
G
+ 5cm) 350 mm
h
COL
1,2 b
COL
h, b = M x 50 mm
3. COMPUTATION OF LOADS
ACTION CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES
PERMANENT
Variationintimeis
negligible
Selfweight:structuralelements,
finishing,etc.
VARIABLE
Variationintimeis
important
Loads resultedfromusingofthe
buildings(liveloads)
Wind
Snow
ACCIDENTAL
Highintensity,reducedtime
ofaction
Earthquake
Explosion
J k
Designvalue
ofaction
Partialsafety
coefficient
Characteristic
valueofaction
GENERALLY, THESE LOADS CAN BE CONSIDERED UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED ON THE SLAB SURFACE AND THERE ARE EXPRESSED IN
kN/m
2
.
FOR THE CHARACTERISTIC VALUES k
DESIGN VALUES d
PERMANENT (DEAD) CHARACTERISTIC LOADS : g
k
SELFWEIGHT
- RC SLAB
- PLASTER
- FLOOR
- Asphalt
- Mosaic
- Pavement
- Cement concrete lining
P
k,s s RC
k,plost plost plost
k,loor A
2
k,loor H
2
k,loor P
2
k,loor CC
2
k k,i
MATERIALS
SPECIFICWEIGHT
[kN/m
3
]
CONCRETES
R.C. 25.0
FINISHINGPLASTERS
Cementmortar 21.0
Cementlimemortar 19.0
Limeorplastermortar 17.0
VARIABLE (LIVE) CHARACTERISTIC LOADS: q
k
IMPOSEDLOADS
- CATEGORIES OF USE
- PARTITION WALLS
(according to SR EN 1991-1-1:2004)
Q
k,Cu
k,pw
k k,i
PERMANENT DESIGN LOADS
VARIABLE DESIGN LOADS
J g k
J q k
TYPEOFLOAD
PARTIALSAFETYFACTORFORACTIONS
F
PERMANENT LOADS

g
=1.35
VARIABLE LOADS

q
=1.50
LOAD COMBINATION
- In the design, actions are combined to produce the most unfavorable effects
on the structure
- The combinations are specific for the limit state which is used in design
- Dimensioning and verification of the concrete sections and the reinforcements
will be done in Ultimate Limit State (ULS)
- General form in conf. of CR 0, ch. 4.3 (!):
J J J
k,1 u,i k,i
4. STATIC DESIGN OF THE SLAB
ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME
- In order to find out the stresses (bending and shear), the slab reinforced in one
direction can be replaced with a 1.0 m wide slab, considered in the short span of the
slab panels, this means that on the discharge direction of loads.
From the static point of view, this strip is equivalent with a continues beam.
Supports of the slab are the secondary beams, while the design spans (l
c
) of the
continues beam are the clear spans (l
0
) of the slab (clear distance between the
secondary beams)
interaxisspan:l
p
designspan,usedinstaticdesign: l
c
= l
0
-The real slab is replaced with a continues beam having spans of l
c
and linear
distributed loads of p
d
x 1 m [kN/m]
Envelope curves
g
d,gs
/q
d,gs
=0,5
g
d,gs
/q
d,gs
=5
-The real slab is replaced with a continues beam having spans of l
c
and linear
distributed loads of p
d
x 1 m [kN/m]
14
envelopecurves
5. DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB
CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN STRENGTH
CONCRETE
Quality of concrete is defined by the strength class, which is the characteristic
compressive strength on cylinders
Concrete class is
Design compressive strength of concrete
REINFORCEMENT
Design strength of reinforcement
ck ck,cubc
ck
cJ ck c
yJ yk s
CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN STRENGTH
FINALIZING THE THICKNESS OF THE SLAB
Design section of the slab
Reinforcement oftheslab
p
opt
(%)forreinforcingwith
f
yk
=400500N/mm
2
f
yk
=300400N/mm
2
In1direction
0,250,50 0,300,60
In2directions
0,20 0,50 0,25 0,50
s s
h
s
Checking of the chosen thickness (necessary)
M
Ed
the maximum bending moment from the static design
b = 1000 mm
or = f() table , where
, in function of p
opt
ncc
EJ
cJ
=
p
1uu
yJ
cJ

p = (1 -u.S)
Computation of the necessary slab thickness
where b
s,ncc
= J
ncc
+J
s
J
s
= (c
nom
+2)
c
nom
= c
min
+c
Jc:
Computation of the necessary slab thickness
!!!!!!!!! in function of the Exposure Class
and Structural class (Ch. 4.4 )
h
s
= M x 10 mm
c
min
= max(c
min ,b
; c
min ,Jur
; 1umm)
c
min ,b
=
mox
mox
= u.1b
s
|
mm
]
+ 2mm
bond
durability
c
Jc:
= S mm
c
min ,Jur
= 1u -2S mm
If
OK
If
RE-CALCULATION OF THE LOADS MOMENTS
FINALIZING THE SLAB THICKNESS
b
s,prcJim
b
s,ncc

b
s,prcJim
< b
s,ncc

CALCULATION OF THE REINFORCEMENT AREA
Effective depth:

J = b
s
-J
s
EJ
2
cJ
A
s
= bJ

cJ
yJ
DETAILING RULES principal reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
straight (bound) bars
welded bars (welded fabrics)
A
s,min
= u.26
ctm
yk
bJ u.uu1SbJ
A
s,mox
u.u4bJ
s
mox
= 1.Sb
s
2uumm (N. A. )
s
min
= 8umm
mox
= u.1b
s
|
mm
]
+ 2mm
min
= 6mm
min
= Smm
ngyt1
Slide 37
ngyt1 in conformity with the N.A.
tamas.nagygyorgy, 11/03/02
DETAILING RULES principal reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
- At the edge of the slab
- Perpendicular to the girder
A
s,sup
= 2S%A
s,spon
A
s,sup
= 6rcin. spocing rom tbc spon
l
o
G
Pgs
gs gs
gs
lo /4
DETAILING RULES secondary reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
= min 20% A
s
s
mox
= 2.Sb
s
Suumm (N. A. )
ngyt2
Slide 39
ngyt2 in conformity with the N.A.
tamas.nagygyorgy, 11/03/02
DETAILING RULES welded wire mesh (fabric) reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
- At the edge of the slab
- Perpendicular to the girder
A
s,sup
= min Su%A
s,spon
A
s,sup ,min
= S1Su
l
o
G
Pgs
gs gs
gs
lo /4
5.58cm
2
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with inclined bars
5.58cm
2
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with inclined bars
5.58cm
2
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with straight bars
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with welded wire mesh (welded fabric)
CHECKINGTHESLABFORSHEARFORCES
Generally, in the case of usual slabs with low thickness, the reinforcement is
resulting from the design for bending and reinforcement for shear force is not
needed.
To verify this:
RJ,c EJ mox
I
RJ,c
= |C
RJ,c
k(1uup
l
ck
)
1S
]bJ u.uSS k
S2

ck
12
bJ
C
RJ,c
= u.18y
c
k = 1 +
_
2uu
J
2.uu
p
l
=
A
sl
bJ
u.u2
II.DESIGNOFTHESECONDARYBEAM
B
l
osb
b
G
b
G
b
sb
G
s.b
s.b
s.b.
G
P
k,sb k,s p sb s sb RC
Q
k,sb k,s p
b
sb
d,xh g k,sb q k,sb
B
l
osb
b
G
b
G
G
s.b
s.b
s.b.
G
ITISTHETOTAL
LOAD!!!
2. STATIC DESIGN OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
The secondary beam will be computed as a continues beam, with design
spans , the supports being the girders.
c u,sb 0
11
3. DIMENSIONING OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
1
+
B
-
2
+
C
-
A
s1
Step1
A
s1
Step2
A
s1
Step1
A
s2
= the minimum between
the reinforcements obtained
from the adjacent spans in
Step 1 (here from M
1
and M
2
)
A
s1
Step2
FINALIZING THE HEIGHT OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
Checking the chosen height (necessary)
M
Ed
- maximum bending moment from the static design
b
sb
- from pre-dimensioning
or = f() table, where
, in function of p
opt
1.2 1.8
ncc
EJ
sb cJ
=
p
1uu
yJ
cJ

p = (1 -u.S)
Computation of the necessary height
c
nom
= c
min
+c
Jc:
b
sb,ncc
= J
ncc
+J
s
long
stirr
c
nom
C
nom,long
d
s
J
s
= c
nom
+
long
2
c
min
= max (c
nom ,long
; c
nom ,ctr
+
ctr
)
c
Jc:
= 1umm
Computation of the necessary height
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! in function of the Exposure Class
and Structural class (Ch. 4.4 )
h
sb
= M x 50 mm and then verification h
sb
/b
sb
=1,5 3,0 ???
c
min
= max(c
min ,b
; c
min ,Jur
; 1umm)
c
min ,b
=
mox
mox
= 2umm2Smm
bond
durability
c
Jc:
= 1umm
c
min ,Jur
= 1u -2S mm
If
OK
If
RE-CALCULATION OF THE LOADS MOMENTS
b
sb,prcJim
b
sb,ncc
b
sb,prcJim
< b
sb,ncc
DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS IN SPAN
simple reinforced T section
The effective width of the flange (b
eff
), depends on the web and flange
dimensions, the type of loading, the span, the support conditions and the
transverse reinforcement.
The effective width of the flange (b
eff
) should be based on the distance l
0
between points of zero moment.
(B) (B) (B)
b
c
= b
c ,i
+b
w
b
b
c,i
= u,2b
i
+u,1l
u
u,2l
u
b
c,i
b
i
b
eff
Table method

If >
lim
re-dimensioning of the section
b
c
b
w
=
b
J =
EJ
c
2
cJ
A
s
= b
c
J

cJ
yJ
DETAILING RULES
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9 and P100/1-2006, Ch.5)
- for non-seismic zones
- for seismic zones (b = b
w
)
- according to P100/1-2006
A
s,min
= u.26
ctm
yk
bJ u.uu1SbJ
A
s,mox
u.u4bJ
mox
= 2Smm
min
= 14mm
A
s,min
= u.Su
ctm
yk
bJ u.uu1SbJ
DETAILING RULES
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9 and P100/1-2006, Ch.5)
- At the edge of the beam
- Anchorage of bottom reinforcement at end support
- Anchorage at intermediate supports
A
s,sup
= 1S%A
s,spon
DETAILING RULES
>0.3l
o
>0.3l
o
>0.3l
o
~10cm
l10d
l
bd
l
bd
min2
min2
28secondary
min2
min2
A B A
28secondary
DETAILING RULES
(ch. 8.4.4)
for anchorages in tension
for anchorages in compression
l
b,min
> mox|u.Sl
b,rqJ
; 1u; 1uumm|
l
b,min
> mox|u.6l
b,rqJ
; 1u; 1uumm|
l
bJ
= o
1
o
2
o
S
o
4
o
S
l
b,rqJ
l
b,min
l
b,rqJ
= (4)(
yJ
bJ
) =

yJ
4
bJ

DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS ON THE SUPPORTS
double reinforced rectangular cross section
A
s2
(reinforcementfromthespan)
A
s1
unknown
Is calculated
- If
a
>
lim
re-dimensioning of the section
- If
a
< 0
o
EJ s2 yJ 2
2
cJ

A
s1
=
H
EJ
yJ
(J -J
2
)
ITISTHE MINIMUM
EFFECTIVEAREA !!!
Is calculated
- Must be checked if yielding of compressed
reinforcement
o
EJ s2 yJ 2
2
cJ

ITISTHE MINIMUM
EFFECTIVEAREA !!!
= 1.2S(1 - 1 -2p)

2
J
s2
J

2
=
e
cu
e
cu
-
yJ
E
s
p
s
= 1 -1 -2p
A
x1
= A
xa
+A
x2
= m
x
hd
cd
yd
+A
x2
Is calculated
- Must be checked if no yielding of compressed reinf.
F
c
acts at the level of F
s2
o
EJ s2 yJ 2
2
cJ

ITISTHE MINIMUM
EFFECTIVEAREA !!!
= 1.2S(1 - 1 -2p)
2
=
e
cu
e
cu
-
yJ
E
s
<
2
J
s2
J

A
x1
=
M
Fd
yd
(d -d
x2
)
DESIGN FOR SHEAR FORCE
Computation the shear resistance of concrete
C
RJ,c
= u.18y
c
k = 1 +
_
2uu
J
2.uu
p
l
=
A
sl
b
w
J
u.u2
I
RJ,c
= |C
RJ,c
k(1uup
l
ck
)
1S
]b
w
J u.uSS k
S2

ck
12
b
w
J
If minimum shear reinforcement will be provide
For providing of double-arm stirrups
RJ,c EJ
p
sw
=
A
sw
s b
w
sin
p
sw,min
= u.u8
ck
yk

s
l,mox
= u.7SJ(1 +cot ) Suumm
b
w
4uumm
If is imposed = 45
o
(crack)
= 90
o
(stirrups)
where z 0,9d
choose A
sw
= n x
sw
s
nec
and then must be verified if
RJ,c EJ
_
A
sw
s
]
ncc
=
I
EJ
ywJ
z
_
A
sw
s
]
c
_
A
sw
s
]
ncc

DETAILING RULES
To have a ductile failure
Where
RJ,s RJ,mox
_
A
sw
s
]
c
u.Sb
w
v
1

cJ
ywJ

v
1
= u.6_1 -

ck
2Su
]
III.DESIGNOFSLABDEFLECTION
1. DESIGN OF SLAB DEFLECTIONS (Axis VM)
Supports blocked in Z
Permanent loads applied simultaneously
Variable loads applied in chess and/or strips
Design combination in SLS in conformity of CR 0, ch. 4.4:
1,1 k,1 2,i k,i

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