STRUCTURAL:
*DISACCHARIDE GROUP – important group
o CELLULOSE
LACTOSE – formed by GLUCOSE & GALACTOSE
Polysaccharide found in plants
NAMING OLIGOSACCHARIDES: Linked by BETA-1,4 glycosidic bond
o Non-reducing sugars first α-glycosidase – can only break α bonds;
o From left-right found in man
o PREFIX: ALPHA or BETA β -glycosidase – can only break β bonds;
o SUFFIX: pyranose, furanose found in cows, goats, etc.
o –cyl cow’s intestinal tract has bacteria that
o LINKAGE: (1,4) *pyranocyl, furanocyl produce BETA glycosidase
o CHITIN – polysaccharide found in shell,
1 mono + 1mono = disaccharides invertebrate, insect and fungi
Ex. Glucose + glucose = Maltose
Glucose + galactose = Lactose
o PEPTIDOGLYCAN –polysaccharide in the cell
wall of bacteria
COMMON DISACCHARIDES: o GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN – they form the matrix
GLUCOSE + FRUCTOSE = SUCROSE of connective tissue
(1,4) GLUCOSE + GLUCOSE = MALTOSE
GLUCOSE + GALACTOSE = LACTOSE MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION:
(1,4) GLUCOSE + GLUCOSE = CELLOBIOSE GLYCOPROTEIN – protein linked to
(1,6) GLUCOSE + (1,4) GLUCOSE = ISOMALTOSE sugar/carbohydrate
POLYSACCHARIDE 2 FORMS:
o Structural o O– LINKED – sugar is attached to protein
o Catalyzed by enzymes through SERINE/ THREONINE
o Polymers of saccharide linked by glycosidic bond o N- LINKED – sugar is attached to protein through
o Storage form of sugar ex. Glycogen & starch ASPARGINE
STORAGE: *ER – produce proteins
o AMYLOSE
Polysaccharide; storage form of sugar in * GOLGI COMPLEX – modifies proteins
plant (starch)
Saccharide link by ALPHA-1,4-GLYCOSILIC FUNCTION OF N-LINKED
BOND o Identify cell surface (IMMUNOGLOBULIN)
Polysaccharide arrange in linear manner o TIME CLOCK – signals for digestion (phagocytic
linked by ALPHA-1,4-GLYCOSIDIC BOND cells)
Found in potato & starch o INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT SIGNAL
o AMYLOPECTIN (labeling proteins)
Polysaccharide arranged in branch manner
or structure linked by ALPHA-1,4- FUNCTION OF O-LINKED
GLYCOSIDIC BOND o Anti-freeze substance
Branch structure ALPHA-1,6-GLYCOSIDIC o Increases viscosity of secretion *MUCIN*
BOND o INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT SIGNAL
-Rosette Go 082108