ASAE S211.

5 JUL1998 (R2008) V-belt and V-ribbed Belt Drives For Agricultural Machines

S T A N D A R D

ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural eld equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as ASAE, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as ASABE. Standards designated as ANSI are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verication by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to reafrm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, MI 49085-9659, USA ph. 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hq@asabe.org

ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 (R2008)

V-belt and V-ribbed Belt Drives For Agricultural Machines

Adopted by ASAE June 1950; revised 1960, 1962; revision proposed by a joint committee representing the Rubber Manufacturers Association and the Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute; approved by the ASAE Power and Machinery Division Technical Committee December 1968; reconrmed December 1973, December 1978, December 1983; revised May 1986; revised editorially February 1987, September 1988; reafrmed December 1990, December 1995, December 1996; revised editorially March 1998; revised July 1998; reafrmed February 2003, February 2008.
Keywords: Belt, V-belt
Table 1 Nominal dimensions of cross sections, in. Cross section HA HB HG HD H3V H5V H8V HAA HBB HCC HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ J L M

Belt type Classical V-belts

bb
0.50 0.66 0.88 1.25 0.38 0.62 1.00 0.50 0.66 0.88 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 3.00 See Fig. 1

hb
0.31 0.41 0.53 0.75 0.31 0.53 0.91 0.41 0.53 0.69 0.50 0.59 0.69 0.78 0.88 0.94 1.00 1.20 0.16 0.38 0.66

h bb 1)
0.41 0.50 0.66 0.84 0.38 0.62 1.00

s g 2)
0.625 0.750 1.000 1.438 0.406 0.688 1.125

Narrow V-belts

1 Purpose
1.1 The purpose of this Standard is to provide sufcient technical data for the uniform physical application of belt drives to farm machines and mobile industrial equipment. Use of this Standard will contribute to the design of simple and economical drives.

Double-V belts

Adjustable speed V-belts

2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Standards organizations maintain registers of currently valid standards. ANSI/ASME B46.1-1995, Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay) ISO 1000:1992, SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units RMA/MPTA IP-20, Classical Multiple V-Belts (A, B, C, D, and E Cross Sections) RMA/MPTA IP-21, Double V-Belts (AA, BB, CC, and DD Cross Sections) RMA/MPTA IP-22, Narrow Multiple V-Belts (3V, 5V, and 8V Cross Sections) RMA/MPTA IP-26, V-Ribbed Belts (H, J, K, L, and M Cross Sections)

V-ribbed belts

0.092 0.185 0.370

1)

Classical and narrow V-belts are also available in the joined belt conguration as illustrated in gure 1. 2) S g is specied pulley groove spacing (see table 7).

Table 1a Nominal dimensions of cross sections, mm Cross section 13F 16F 22F 32F 9FN 15FN 25FN 13FD 16FD 22FD 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV FPJ FPL FPM

Belt type Classical V-belts

bb
13 16 22 32 9 15 25 13 16 22 25 32 38 44 51 57 63 76 See Fig. 1

hb
8 10 13 19 8 13 23 10 13 18 13 15 18 20 22 24 26 30 4 10 17

h bb 1)
10 13 17 21 10 16 25

s g 2)
15 19 25.5 36.5 10.3 17.5 28.6

3 Scope
3.1 This Standard establishes acceptable manufacturing tolerances, methods of measuring, and proper application for drives using V-belts or V-ribbed belts. They may be used individually or in matched sets. 3.2 This Standard is unique to agricultural belt drives and should be used in lieu of standards for industrial drives published by the Rubber Manufacturers Association. 3.3 This Standard does not specify the load-life characteristics of belts. 3.4 This Standard does not include belts for automotive accessory drives, at conveyor belting, at power transmission belts, or synchronous belts. 3.5 The term belt(s) used throughout this Standard means V-belt(s) and V-ribbed belt(s). 3.6 In the interest of international standardization, metric-SI units, consistent with International Organization for Standardization Standard 1000, SI Units and Recommendations for the Use of Their Multiples and of Certain Other Units, are included in tables 1a through 15a.
Narrow V-belts

Double-V belts

Adjustable speed V-belts

V-ribbed belts

2.34 4.70 9.40

4 Denitions
4.1 effective width of V-belt groove: A groove width characterizing the groove prole. It is a dened value not subject to tolerance and is usually
ASABE STANDARDS 2008

1)

Classical and narrow V-belts are also available in the joined belt conguration as illustrated in gure 1. 2) S g is specied pulley groove spacing (see table 7). 75

ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008

located at the outermost extremities of the straight side walls of the groove. For all V-belt measuring pulleys and for most machined-type pulleys, it coincides with the actual top width of the groove within reasonable tolerances. 4.2 effective diameter of V-belt pulley: The diameter of the pulley at the effective width of the pulley groove. (Formerly designated Effective outside diameter.) 4.3 effective diameter of V-ribbed pulley: The outside diameter of the pulley as a dened value at the specied pulley groove dimensions (without tolerances). 4.4 effective length: The length of a line circumscribing a belt at the level of the effective diameter of the measuring pulleys with the belt at a prescribed tension. 4.5 pitch width: The width of the belt at its neutral zone. 4.6 pitch width of groove: That width of the pulley groove which has the same dimension as the pitch width of the belt used with this pulley.

4.7 pitch diameter of pulley: The diameter of the pulley at the pitch width of pulley groove. 4.8 speed ratio and belt speed: Speed ratio is the ratio of the pitch diameter of the pulleys; generally expressed as a number equal to or greater than unity. Belt speed is the linear speed of the belt calculated using the pitch diameter of the driver pulley. 4.9 installation allowance: A design length factor permitting the unforced installation of a belt (see tables 12 through 15). 4.10 take-up allowance: A design length factor to permit sufcient tensioning over the life of the drive (see tables 12 through 15). 4.11 measuring pulleys: Pulleys used for determining the effective length of a belt (see tables 5 and 6 for dimensions). 4.12 y center distance: The center distance between measuring pulleys used to determine the effective length of a belt (see clause 7.1 for procedure). 4.13 clutching allowance: A design length factor to facilitate the belt drive systems operation as a clutch (see clause 9.5).

5 Cross sections
5.1 Nominal dimensions of belt cross sections for agricultural machines are shown in tables 1 and 2. Because of different constructions and methods of manufacture, the cross-sectional shape, dimensions, and included angle between the sidewalls may differ among manufacturers. However, all belts of a given cross section shall operate interchangeably in standard grooves of the same cross section, but belts of different manufacturers should never be mixed on the same drive (see tables 7 through 9).

6 Available lengths
6.1 The length ranges for agricultural belts are shown in tables 2 and 2a.

Figure 1 Belt types 76

Figure 2 Relationship between sheave or pulley outside diameter and the corresponding effective diameter ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 ASABE STANDARDS 2008

Table 2 Effective length ranges, in. V-Belts Classical1) HA 25.0130.0 HB 30.0300.0 HC 55.0365.0 HD120.0365.0 Narrow1) H3V 25.0140.0 H5V 50.0355.0 H8V 100.0600.0 Adjustable speed HI 40.0125.0 HJ 50.0160.0 HK 60.0180.0 HL 70.0200.0 HM 80.0200.0 HN 85.0200.0 HO 90.0200.0 HQ 90.0200.0 Double-V HAA 50.0130.0 HBB 50.0300.0 HCC 85.0365.0 V-Ribbed Belts J 18.0100.0 L 50.0145.0 M 90.0365.0

1)

Includes joined belts. Table 2a Effective length ranges, mm V-Belts Classical

1)

Narrow 9FN 15FN 25FN

1)

Adjustable speed 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV 10203175 12704065 15254570 17805080 20305080 21605080 22855080 22855080 13FC 16FD 22FD

Double-V 12703300 12707620 21609270

V-Ribbed Belts FPJ FPL FPM 4552540 12703685 22859270

13F 16F 22F 32F

6353300 7607620 14009270 30509270

6353560 12709020 254015240

1) Includes joined belts. Table 3 Effective length tolerance, in.

Table 3a Effective length tolerance, mm Effective length range Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Up through 1300 to and 2500 to and 3150 to and 4000 to and 5000 to and 6300 to and 8000 to and 1300 incl. 2500 incl. 3150 incl. 4000 incl. 5000 incl. 6300 incl. 8000 incl. 10000 Effective length tolerance 10 13 16 20 25 32 40 50

Effective length range Up through Over 51 to and incl. Over 98 to and incl. Over 124 to and incl. Over 157 to and incl. Over 197 to and incl. Over 248 to and incl. Over 315 to and incl. 51 98 124 157 197 248 315 390

Effective length tolerance 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.60 2.00

Table 4a Limits of difference in effective length for matching sets, mm Table 4 Limits of difference in effective length for matching sets, in. Matching limits for one set Normal tensile modulus 54 111 236 390 0.16 0.24 0.39 0.63 High tensile modulus1) 0.08 0.12 0.20 0.24 Effective length range Up through Over 1375 to and incl. Over 2820 to and incl. Over 6000 to and incl.
1)

Matching limits for one set Normal tensile modulus 1375 2820 6000 10.000 4 6 10 16 High tensile modulus1) 2 3 5 6

Effective length range Up through Over 54 to and incl. Over 111 to and incl. Over 236 to and incl.
1)

Examples of high tensile modulus belts are those containing aramid, berglass, or steel cable reinforcement.

Examples of high tensile modulus belts are those containing aramid, berglass, or steel cable reinforcement.

Figure 3 Diagram of a xture for measured belts ASABE STANDARDS 2008 ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008

Figure 4 Measuring belt ride, V-belt 77

Figure 5 Measuring belt ride, double-V belt Figure 6 Measuring belt ride, V-ribbed belt

Table 5 Data for use in measuring belt effective length and belt ride (see gure 7) Pulley groove angle 0.25 deg 32 32 34 34 32 32 34 38 38 38 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 30 Pulley groove top width bg , reference in. 0.490 0.630 0.879 1.259 0.490 0.630 0.879 0.350 0.600 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.250 2.500 Diameter ball or rod d B 0.0005 in. 0.4375 0.5625 0.7812 1.1250 0.4375 0.5625 0.7812 0.3438 0.5938 1.0000 0.9531 1.1875 1.4375 1.6875 1.9062 2.1250 2.3750 2.8750 Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove, in. Not joined 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.22 Joined 0.18 0.20 0.25 0.28

Belt cross section HA* HB* HC HD HAA HBB HCC H3V H5V H8V HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ

Pulley outside diameter 0.005 in. 3.183 4.775 7.958 11.141 3.183 4.775 7.958 3.820 7.958 15.916 6.366 9.549 9.549 9.549 9.549 12.732 12.732 12.732

Pulley effective circumference, in. 10.000 15.000 25.000 35.000 10.000 15.000 25.000 12.000 25.000 50.000 20.000 30.000 30.000 30.000 30.000 40.000 40.000 40.000

Diameter over balls or rods 0.005 in. 3.499 5.181 8.536 11.996 3.499 5.181 8.536 4.203 8.633 17.083 7.225 10.601 10.879 11.158 11.266 14.558 14.836 15.519

Groove depth hg , min. in. 0.490 0.580 0.780 1.060 0.490 0.580 0.780 0.340 0.590 0.990 0.813 0.938 1.000 1.125 1.188 1.339 1.456 1.575

Total measuring force per belt, lb 65 100 190 405 65 100 190 100 225 500 180 290 405 560 740 740 740 740

0.20 0.25 0.30

*Measuring pulley dimensions for HA and HB grooves are different than those recommended for production pulleys. The dimensions in this table reect previous

recommendations so that precision measuring pulleys will not need to be replaced and to assure correlation of length measurement. Table 5a Data for use in measuring belt effective length and belt ride (see gure 7) Pulley groove angle 0.25 deg 34 34 34 36 34 34 36 38 38 38 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 30 Pulley groove top width bg , reference mm 13 16.5 22.4 32.8 13 16 22 8.89 15.24 25.40 25.40 31.75 38.10 44.45 50.80 57.00 63.00 76.20 Diameter ball or rod d B 0.01 mm 12.50.01 15.50.02 21.00.02 30.50.02 12.50.01 15.50.02 21.00.02 8.500.01 15.000.02 25.000.02 24.500.01 30.500.01 36.500.01 42.500.01 48.500.01 54.500.01 60.000.01 72.500.01 Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove, mm Not joined 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 2.5 3.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.6 Joined 4.5 5.0 6.5 7.0

Cross section 13F 16F 22F 32F 13FD 16FD 22FD 9FN 15FN 25FN 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV

Pulley outside diameter 0.10 mm 95.5 143.2 222.8 318.3 95.5 143.2 222.8 95.5 191.0 318.3 127.3 159.2 191.0 222.8 254.6 286.5 318.3 318.3

Pulley effective circumference mm 300 450 700 1000 300 450 700 300 600 1000 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1000

Diameter over balls or rods 0.10 mm 108.2 157.7 242.2 346.6 108.2 157.7 242.2 104.3 207.8 346.3 150.7 187.8 224.8 261.7 298.7 336.4 372.1 386.5

Groove depth hg , min. mm 12 14 19 26 12 14 19 8.5 15.0 25.1 20 23 26 29 32 34 37 40

Total measuring force per belt, N 300 450 850 1800 300 450 850 445 1000 2225 800 1300 1800 2500 3300 3300 3300 3300

5.1 6.4 7.6

78

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ASABE STANDARDS 2008

Figure 7 V-belt measuring pulley groove Figure 8 V-ribbed belt measuring pulley groove Table 6 Data for use in measuring effective lengths and ride of V-ribbed belts, in. (see gure 8) Pulley groove angle 0.25 deg 40 40 40 Top radius rt 0.005 0.000 in. 0.008 0.015 0.030 Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove, in. 0.10 0.22 0.30

Cross section J L M

Pulley outside diameter, reference in. 3.183 6.366 9.549

Pulley effective circumference, in. 10.000 20.000 30.000

Pulley groove spacing Sg , in. 0.092 0.001 0.185 0.002 0.370 0.0003

Diameter ball or rod d B 0.0005 in. 0.0625 0.1406 0.2812

Groove depth hg , min. in. 0.082 0.196 0.393

Total measuring force per rib, lb 11 45 100

Table 6a Data for use in measuring effective lengths and ride of V-ribbed belts, mm (see gure 8) Pulley groove angle 0.25 deg 40 40 40 Top radius rt 0.15 0.00 mm 0.20 0.40 0.75 Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove mm 2.50 5.60 7.60

Cross section FPJ FPL FPM

Pulley outside diameter, reference mm 95.5 159.2 254.6

Pulley effective circumference, mm 300 500 800

Pulley groove spacing Sg , mm 2.34 ( 0.03) 4.70 ( 0.05) 9.40 ( 0.08)

Diameter ball or rod d B 0.01 mm 1.50 4.00 7.00

Diameter over ball or rod 0.1 mm 97.5 163.5 259.2

Groove depth hg , min. mm 2.06 4.92 10.03

Total measuring force per rib, newtons 50 200 450

Table 7 Pitch diameter location, 2ap in. Cross section HA HB HC HD

1)

Table 7a Pitch diameter location, 2ap, mm Deep groove 0.531) 0.71 1.01 1.43
1)

Standard groove 0.25 0.35 0.40 0.60

Cross section 13F 16F 22F 32F

Standard groove 6 8 12 18

Deep groove 141) 18 26 36

Values for HA, 13F belts in RMA/MPTA combination A/B or 13C/16C grooves.

Values for HA, 13F belts in RMA/MPTA combination A/B or 13C/16C grooves.

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79

7 Method of measuring belts

7.1 The effective length of an agricultural belt is determined using a measuring xture (g. 3), consisting of two pulleys of equal diameter having standard groove dimensions (see tables 5, 5a, 6, and 6a). One of the pulleys is xed in position while the other is movable along a graduated scale with a specied force applied to it. The belt is rotated around the pulleys at least twice to properly seat it in the pulley grooves and to determine the midpoint of the center distance range. Effective length of the belt is determined by adding twice the average center distance measured on the xture to the effective circumference of the measuring pulley specied in tables 5, 5a, 6, or 6a. 7.2 The belt ride dimension is checked by measuring the distance from the top of the belt to the top of the measuring pulley groove (gs. 4, 5, and 6). Belt ride shall be within the maximum limit given in tables 5, 5a, 6, and 6a. For V-belts the belt ride dimension is the only method of determining proper belt t in the groove. Machined surface area Pulley groove sidewall Adjustable pulley sidewall Flat pulley rim O.D. Rim edges. rim O.D.
1)

Maximum surface roughness height (arithmetic average)1) in. m 125 63 250 500 3.2 1.6 6.3 12.7

The measuring methods dened in ANSI/ASME B46.1 shall be used to determine these values.

8 Specications for pulleys used with V-belts and Vribbed belts

8.1 Pulley groove dimensions 8.1.1 Refer to the appropriate RMA/MPTA standard for pulley groove dimensions as follows below. Please observe that the ASAE V-belt designations are prexed with an H, indicating heavy duty construction, and the belts are not to be replaced with RMA/MPTA Standard belts even though they are dimensionally equivalent. (This terminology does not apply to V-ribbed belts). Classical Belt Drives RMA/MPTA STD IP20 Sections Sections A, B, C, D HA, HB, HC, HD 13C, 16C, 22C, 32C 13F, 16F, 22F, 32F (see clause 8.1.2) Narrow Belt Drives Sections H3V, H5V, H8V 9FN, 15FN, 25FN Double V-Belt Drives Sections HAA, HBB, HCC 13FD, 16FD, 22FD V-Ribbed Belt Drives Sections J, L, M FPJ, FPL, FPM RMA/MPTA STD IP22 Sections 3V, 5V, 8V 9N, 15N, 25N RMA/MPTA STD IP21 Sections AA, BB, CC 13D, 16D, 22D RMA/MPTA STD IP26 Sections J, L, M PJ, PL, PM

8.2.3 Pulleys formed from sheet metal shall be made so that the groove width and angle are uniform throughout the circumference of the pulley. The gage of the sheet metal used should be such that the groove will not deect under the load imposed by the belt. 8.2.4 Adjustable-speed pulleys should be so designed that the movable disk is perpendicular to the axis of rotation at all times without appreciable runout or wobble. Failure to accomplish this results in a nonuniform groove width, which materially reduces belt life and may set up undesirable vibration of the machine on which it is used (see tables 8 and 8a).

9 Recommended design practices

9.1 Pulley diameters. In designing belt drives, it should be recognized that the use of larger pulley diameters will result in lower bearing loads and can result in the use of smaller and less expensive belt cross sections.
Table 8 Dimensions for pulleys using adjustable speed belts, in. Recommended minimum outside diameter 7.60 9.75 11.50 14.00 16.00 17.75 19.25 21.00 Groove angle 1 deg 26 26 28 26 26 26 26 30

Cross section HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ
1)

bg
1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 3.00

b go 1)
1.65 2.11 2.45 3.02 3.48 3.94 4.41 4.92

2a 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.52 0.60 0.68 0.75 0.90

2 av 2.84 3.73 4.62 5.52 6.41 7.36 8.27 8.30

Adjustable Speed Belt Drives See tables 8, 8a, 9, and 9a along with gures 9 and 10. NOTE 1: Please consult RMA or MPTA if there is uncertainty concerning the latest available standard. NOTE 2: Select deep groove pulleys for quarter turn or other situations where belts enter pulley groove at an angle. 8.1.2 Pitch diameter location (dimension 2ap in pulley groove tables) is dependent on belt construction and pitch diameter location of the belt. Refer to table 7 for recommended values of 2ap for HA, HB, HC, HD, 13F, 16F, 22F, and 32F sections. 8.2 Construction 8.2.1 Pulleys used with agricultural V-belts or V-ribbed belts shall be made of a material which is resistant to abrasion between the groove wall and the belt. The material should be sufciently close-grained to allow the machining or forming of a smooth groove sidewall. 8.2.2 Machined pulleys shall have surface nishes equal to or smoother than the following values:
80

b go is calculated to provide for a clearance of 0.260 in. as shown in gure 9 (dimension C L ).

Table 8a Dimensions for pulleys using adjustable speed belts, mm Recommended minimum outside diameter 190 250 290 355 405 450 490 530 Groove angle 1 deg 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 30

Cross section 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV
1)

bg
25.40 31.75 38.10 44.45 50.80 57.00 63.00 76.20

b go 1)
42.0 54.7 65.1 76.9 88.7 100.2 112.0 132.9

2a 7.6 9.4 11.4 13.2 15.2 17.2 19.0 23.0

2 av 72.0 95.5 117.0 140.5 164.0 186.9 210.0 211.7

b go is calculated to provide for a clearance of 6.35 mm as shown in gure 9 (dimension C L ).

ASABE STANDARDS 2008

ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008

Figure 9 Adjustable pulley dimensions

Figure 11 Relation between center distance and belt length for drives with two pulleys

Figure 10 Adjustable speed companion pulley dimensions

9.2 Idlers 9.2.1 Idlers may be necessary on agricultural belt drives to provide take-up or to increase the arc of contact to obtain the required drive capacity. If an idler is needed, it should be located on the slack side of the drive. Other factors that affect the location of the idler are its effectiveness in belt take-up and its effect on arcs of contact. 9.2.2 An idler should have its axis of rotation perpendicular to the plane of the belt strand on which it runs. The idler mounting should be strong enough to maintain this relationship at all times. 9.2.3 If grooved idlers are used, the groove dimensions should be as shown in tables 9 and 9a. 9.2.4 Minimum diameters recommended for idlers are shown in tables 10 and 10a. 9.3 Length calculations 9.3.1 The approximate belt length for a two-pulley drive may be calculated using the formula:

Table 9 Dimensions for adjustable speed companion or idler pulleys, in. (see gure 10) Minimum recommended effective diameter 4.75 6.10 7.25 8.50 9.50 10.50 11.00 12.00 Groove angle 0.5 deg 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 30

L e 2 C 1.57 D e d e
where:

D e d e 2 4C

(1)

Cross section HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ

bg 0.001
1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 3.00

hg min.
0.78 0.94 1.05 1.25 1.40 1.56 1.69 1.97

2a 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.52 0.60 0.88 0.75 0.90

Le C De de

is is is is

effective distance effective effective

length of belt; between centers of pulleys; diameter of large pulley; diameter of small pulley.

(See gure 11). If pulley effective diameters (D e and d e ) and belt effective length ( L e ) are known, the approximate center distance between pulleys may be calculated as follows:

Table 9a Dimensions for adjustable speed companion or idler pulleys, mm (see gure 10) Minimum recommended effective diameter 120 155 185 215 240 270 280 305 Groove angle 0.5 deg 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 30

Cross section 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV

bg 0.25
25.4 31.75 38.10 44.45 50.80 57.00 63.00 76.20

hg min.
20 24 27 32 36 40 43 50

2a 7.6 9.4 11.4 13.2 15.2 17.2 19.0 23.0 Figure 12 Belt drive with more than two pulleys

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81

Table 10 Minimum recommended diameters for idlers, in.1) Minimum O.D. of grooved inside idler 2.75 4.25 4.00 6.00 6.75 8.50 9.00 2.65 7.10 12.50 0.80 3.00 7.00 5.50 6.75 8.00 9.25 10.50 11.75 13.00 15.00 Minimum O.D. of at inside idler 2.25 4.25 3.75 6.00 5.75 8.50 7.50 NR NR NR 0.65 2.63 6.25 4.50 5.63 6.75 7.75 8.75 9.88 11.00 12.60 Minimum face width of at idler2) 1.00 1.00 1.25 1.25 1.50 1.50 2.00 1.13 1.38 1.75 BW BW BW 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 4.00
1) 2)

Table 10a Minimum recommended diameters for idlers, mm1) Minimum O.D. of grooved inside idler 70 108 102 152 172 216 229 67 180 318 20 76 178 140 172 203 235 267 299 330 350 Minimum O.D. of at inside idler 57 108 95 152 146 216 190 NR NR NR 16 67 159 114 143 172 197 222 251 279 320 Minimum face width of at idler2) 25 25 32 32 38 38 51 29 35 44 BW BW BW 44 51 57 64 70 76 83 100

Cross section HA HAA HB HBB HC HCC HD H3V H5V H8V J L M HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ

1) 2)

Minimum O.D. of outside idler 4.25 4.25 6.00 6.00 8.50 8.50 13.50 4.25 10.00 17.50 1.25 4.50 10.50 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR

Cross section 13F 13FD 16F 16FD 22F 22FD 32F 9FN 15FN 25FN FPJ FPL FPM 25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV

Minimum O.D. of outside idler 108 108 152 152 216 216 343 108 254 444 32 114 267 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR

NR, not recommended; BW, belt width + 0.75 in. For both inside and outside idlers.

NR, not recommended; BW, belt width + 19 mm. For both inside and outside idlers.

C a a 2 b
where:

(2)

tangents and the connecting arcs around the effective diameters of the pulleys. The length of the connecting arcs can be calculated by the formula: Length of arc D e A /115 where:

a L e /4 0.393 D e d e ; b 0.125 D e d e 2 .
9.3.2 To determine belt length when more than two pulleys are used on a drive (gure 12), lay out the pulleys in terms of their effective diameters to scale in the position desired when a new belt is applied and rst brought to driving tension. The length of belt shall be the sum of the

De A

is is

the effective outside diameter of the pulley; the angle in degrees subtended by the arc of belt contact on the pulley.

Figure 13 Installation and take-up of agricultural belts ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008

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Table 11 Minimum tangent lengths for 180 deg twist, in. Minimum tangent length, in. 18 22 28 37 18 28

Table 11a Minimum tangent lengths for 180 deg twist, mm Minimum tangent length, mm 460 560 710 940 460 710

Cross section HA HB HC HD H3V H5V

Cross section 13F 16F 22F 32F 9FN 15FN

NOTE For all other cross sections, consult belt manufacturer.

NOTE For all other cross sections, consult belt manufacturer.

Table 12 Installation and take-up allowances for classical, joined classical and double-V belts, in. Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 1.54 2.95 3.72 4.73 5.91 7.44 9.45 11.81 High tensile modulus 1.28 2.46 3.10 3.94 4.92 6.20 7.88 9.84

Effective length range Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Up through 51.2 to & incl. 98.4 to & incl. 124.0 to & incl. 157.5 to & incl. 196.9 to & incl. 248.0 to & incl. 315.0 to & incl. 51.2 98.4 124.0 157.5 196.9 248.0 315.0 393.7

HA HAA 1.09 1.38 1.58 1.92

HA joined 1.25 1.54 1.74 2.07

HB HBB 1.25 1.54 1.74 2.07 2.43 2.89 3.50

HB joined 1.39 1.68 1.88 2.22 2.57 3.03 3.65

HC HCC 1.44 1.73 1.93 2.26 2.62 3.08 3.69 4.41

HC joined 1.64 1.93 2.13 2.47 2.83 3.28 3.90 4.61

HD

HD joined

2.51 2.97 3.42 4.04 4.75

2.75 3.11 3.56 4.18 4.89

NOTE Refer to table 14 for footnote key.

Table 12a Installation and take-up allowances for classical, joined classical and double-V belts, mm Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 39 75 95 120 150 189 240 300 High tensile modulus 33 62 79 100 125 157 200 250

Effective length range Up through Over 1300 to & incl. Over 2500 to & incl. Over 3150 to & incl. Over 4000 to & incl. Over 5000 to & incl. Over 6300 to & incl. Over 8000 to & incl. 1300 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10,000

13F 13FD 28 35 40 49

13F joined 32 39 44 53

16F 16FD 32 39 44 53 62 73 89

16F joined 35 43 48 56 65 77 93

22F 22FD 37 44 49 57 67 78 94 112

22F joined 42 49 54 63 72 83 99 117

32F

32F joined

66 75 87 103 121

70 79 90 106 124

NOTE Refer to table 14a for footnote key. Table 13 Installation and take-up allowances for narrow and joined narrow belts, in. Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 1.54 2.95 3.72 4.73 5.91 7.44 9.45 11.81 High tensile modulus 1.28 2.46 3.10 3.94 4.92 6.20 7.88 9.84

Effective length range Up through Over 51.2 to & incl. Over 98.4 to & incl. Over 124.0 to & incl. Over 157.5 to & incl. Over 196.9 to & incl. Over 248.0 to & incl. Over 315.0 to & incl. 51.2 98.4 124.0 157.5 196.9 248.0 315.0 393.7

3V 1.09 1.38 1.58

3V joined 1.20 1.49 1.69

5V 1.44 1.73 1.93 2.26 2.62 3.08 3.69

5V joined 1.58 1.87 2.07 2.40 2.76 3.22 3.83

8V 2.32 2.53 2.86 3.22 3.67 4.29 5.00

8V joined 2.47 2.67 3.00 3.36 3.81 4.43 5.15

NOTE Refer to table 14 for footnote key. ASABE STANDARDS 2008 ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 83

Table 13a Installation and take-up allowances for narrow and joined narrow belts, mm Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 39 75 95 120 150 189 240 300 High tensile modulus 33 62 79 100 125 157 200 250

Effective length range Up through Over 1300 to & incl. Over 2500 to & incl. Over 3150 to & incl. Over 4000 to & incl. Over 5000 to & incl. Over 6300 to & incl. Over 8000 to & incl. 1300 2500 3150 4000 5000 6300 8000 10,000

9FN 28 35 40

9FN joined 30 38 43

15FN 37 44 49 57 67 78 94

15FN joined 40 47 53 61 70 82 97

25FN 59 64 73 82 93 109 127

25FN joined 63 68 76 85 97 113 131

NOTE Refer to table 14a for footnote key.

Table 14 Installation and take-up allowances for V-ribbed belts, in. Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal High tensile tensile modulus modulus 1.54 2.95 3.72 4.73 5.91 7.44 9.45 11.81 1.28 2.46 3.10 3.94 4.92 6.20 7.88 9.84

Table 14a Installation and take-up allowances for V-ribbed belts, mm Allowance for installation1) Allowance for 2) stretch and wear Normal High tensile tensile modulus modulus 39 75 95 120 150 189 240 300 33 62 79 100 125 157 200 250

Effective length range Up through Over 51.2 to & incl. Over 98.4 to & incl. Over 124.0 to & incl. Over 157.5 to & incl. Over 196.9 to & incl. Over 248.0 to & incl. Over 315.0 to & incl.
1)

J 0.86 1.15

L 1.20 1.49 1.69 2.03

M 1.93 2.13 2.47 2.83 3.28 3.90 4.61

Effective length range Up through 1300 Over 1300 to & incl. 2500 Over 2500 to & incl. 3150 Over 3150 to & incl. 4000 Over 4000 to & incl. 5000 Over 5000 to & incl. 6300 Over 6300 to & incl. 8000 Over 8000 to & incl. 10,000
1)

FPJ 22 29

FPL 30 38 43 52

FPM 49 54 63 72 83 99 117

51.2 98.4 124.0 157.5 196.9 248.0 315.0 393.7

Allowance for installation includes the minus manufacturing length tolerance from table 3, the difference between the length of belt under no tension and the length under installation tension, and an amount for installing the belts over the pulley anges without injury. 2) Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3 as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service on the drive (see tables 12, 13, 14, and 15). Installation and take-up methods are shown in gure 13. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulleys. Examples of the calculation of center distance, effective length, and installation and take-up allowances are shown in Annex A.

Allowance for installation includes the minus manufacturing length tolerance from table 3a, the difference between the length of belt under no tension and the length under installation tension, and an amount for installing the belts over the pulley anges without injury. 2) Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3a as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service on the drive (see tables 12a, 13a, 14a, and 15a). Installation and take-up methods are shown in gure 13. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulleys.

Table 15 Installation and take-up allowances for adjustable speed belts, in. Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 1.54 2.95 3.72 4.73 5.91 High tensile modulus 1.28 2.46 3.10 3.94 4.92

Effective length range Up through Over 51.2 to & incl. Over 98.4 to & incl. Over 124.0 to & incl. Over 157.5 to & incl.
1) 2)

HI 51.2 98.4 124.0 157.5 196.9 1.39 1.68 1.88 2.22

HJ 1.53 1.82 2.02 2.36

HK 1.69 1.98 2.18 2.51 2.87

HL 1.83 2.12 2.32 2.66 3.01

HM 1.99 2.28 2.48 2.81 3.17

HN 2.08 2.37 2.57 2.91 3.27

HO 2.18 2.47 2.67 3.00 3.36

HQ 2.36 2.70 2.95 3.15 3.54

Installation allowance on a drive using two adjustable pulleys can be neglected. Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3 as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service on the drive (see tables 12, 13, 14, and 15). Installation and take-up methods are shown in gures 11 and 12. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulley. Examples of the calculation of center distance, effective length, and installation and take-up allowances are shown in Annex A. ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 ASABE STANDARDS 2008

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Table 15a Installation and take-up allowances for adjustable speed belts, mm Allowance for installation1) Allowance for stretch and wear2) Normal tensile modulus 39 75 95 120 150 High tensile modulus 33 62 79 100 125

Effective length range Up through Over 1300 to & incl. Over 2500 to & incl. Over 3150 to & incl. Over 4000 to & incl.
1) 2)

25FV 1300 2500 3150 4000 5000 35 43 48 56

32FV 39 46 51 60

38FV 43 50 55 64 73

44FV 46 54 59 68 76

51FV 51 58 63 71 81

57FV 53 60 65 74 83

63FV 55 63 68 76 85

76FV 60 70 75 80 90

Installation allowance on a drive using two adjustable pulleys can be neglected. Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3a as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service on the drive (see tables 12a, 13a, 14a, and 15a). Installation and take-up methods are shown in gures 11 and 12. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulley.

9.3.3 Belt manufacturers have computer programs for calculating belt length and will provide assistance in solving complex drive geometries. 9.4 Installation and take-up (see gure 13) 9.4.1 The calculated belt length (clause 9.3) shall be the effective length of an ideal belt under operating tension. A belt drive shall be arranged so that any belt within the length tolerances given in tables 3 and 3a can be placed in the pulley groove without forcing. In addition, provision shall be made to compensate for the change in effective length caused by the seating of the belt in the pulley groove and by the stretch and wear of the belt during its life.

9.4.2 Installation and take-up allowance specied in tables 12, 12a, 13, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, and 15a shall be provided on every belt drive to ensure satisfactory operation. 9.5 Clutching belt drives. Properly designed belt drive systems can be used as a clutching mechanism. The required belt effective length is determined by adding the clutching allowance to the calculated declutched length. The clutching allowance is calculated from the formula

Figure 14 Typical two-pulley drive with one shaft movable for take-up ASABE STANDARDS 2008 ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 85

Clutching allowance (min.) 3.14 h b

+(minus belt length tol.) 306 deg

9.6.1 The minimum tangent length for a 180 deg twist in a belt is shown in Tables 11 and 11a. The minimum tangent length for any amount of twist other than 180 deg can be obtained by multiplying the minimum tangent length by the fraction degrees of twist required . 180 Adjustable-speed belts are not recommended for these drives. 9.6.2 Quarter-turn drives. On quarter-turn drives, the angle of entry of the belt into the plane of the pulley grooves should not exceed 5 deg. A center distance at least 5.5 times the diameter of the large pulley is necessary to ensure this condition where one belt is used. 9.7 Specication of belt drives. In submitting a drive design problem to engineering departments of the different belt manufacturers, it is strongly recommended that complete information be given. Annex A provides examples of the data needed.

where

h b is belt thickness (see tables 1 and 1a); is arc of contact on clutching pulley, deg.; Minus belt length tolerance values from tables 3 and 3a. 9.5.1 The calculated clutching allowance should be equal to or exceed the allowance for installation given in tables 12 through 15 and 12a through 15a. 9.5.2 The drive design should provide proper belt guide(s) to permit the belt to disengage from the driving pulley. 9.6 Cross drives, mule drives, and other twisted-belt drives

Figure 15 Two-pulley drive with centers xed and idler used for take-up

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Figure 16 Double-V belt drive with four pulleys on xed centers

Annex A (informative) Examples of the calculation of belt length, center distance, installation and take-up allowances, and inspection requirements
EXAMPLE 1 (Refer to gure 14) The drive consists of two pulleys; one of the shafts may be moved for installation and take-up. Effective diameters have been determined. The preferred center distance is about 20 in. Belt length and center distance 1. Substitute the effective diameters and preferred center distance in formula [1]. The effective belt length required is 79.02 in. 2. Round to the nearest tenth of an inch, or 79.0 in. 3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give a center distance of 19.97 in. Installation allowance 1. From table 12 the installation allowance will be 1.54 in. 2. Subtract this amount from the effective belt length of 79.0 in. to get a length of 77.46 in.
ASABE STANDARDS 2008

3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give a center distance of 19.16 in., the minimum center distance needed for installation of the belt. Take-up allowance 1. From table 12 the allowance needed for take-up is 2.95 in. 2. Add this amount to the effective belt length of 79.0 in. to get a maximum length of 81.95 in. 3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give the maximum required center distance of 21.51 in. Inspection requirement Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in Example 1. 1. Fill in values from table 5 as follows: Tension 100 lb h g 0.580 in. b g 0.630 in. 32 deg. OD 4.775 in. Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove is 0.09 in. (Note: From table 5, the effective circumference of the measuring pulley is 15.000 in.)

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2. From the effective length of 79.0 in., subtract 15.000 in. and divide the remainder by 2 to nd Y, or Y 79.0 15.000 /2 32.0 in. 3. From table 3, the length tolerance is 0.50 in. The tolerance on dimension Y will be equal to these length tolerances divided by 2, or Tolerance on Y 0.25 in. EXAMPLE 2 (Refer to gure 15) The effective diameters have been determined. Both shafts are xed in position and the center distance is 26.66 in. An 8.5 in. outside diameter at idler will be used for take-up on the drive. Belt length 1. Substitute the effective outside diameters of the pulleys and the xed center distance of 26.66 in. in formula [1]. The resulting belt length is 80.01 in. 2. Since the centers cannot be moved for installation, the shortest possible belt must go on the drive with the idler out of the way. Consequently, the installation allowance must be added to the belt length obtained above. The installation allowance from table 12 is 1.73 in. This added to the length of 80.01 in. gives a required effective belt length of 81.74 in. Take-up allowances From table 12, the take-up allowance needed for this belt is 2.95 in. This amount added to the effective belt length of 81.74 in. gives a maximum length of 84.69 in. By one of the methods outlined above for determining belt length when more than two pulleys are used on a drive, locate the position of the idler so that it will provide take-up for this length of belt. Inspection requirements Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in example 2. 1. Fill in values from table 5 as follows: Tension 190 lb h g 0.780 in. b g 0.879 in. 34 deg OD 7.958 in. Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove is 0.09 in. (Note: From table 5, the effective circumference of the measuring pulley is 25.000 in.) 2. From the effective length of 81.74 in. subtract 25.000 in. and divide

the remainder by 2 to nd Y , or Y (81.74 25.000)/2 28.37 in. 1. From table 3, the length tolerance is 0.50 in. The tolerance on dimension Y will be equal to these length tolerances divided by 2, or Tolerance on Y 0.25 in. EXAMPLE 3 (Refer to gure 16) 2. The effective diameters have been selected and shaft centers have been located approximately. All shafts will be xed in position and belt take-up will be accomplished by means of a grooved idler pulley. Belt length 1. With the idler in its installation position, use one of the methods outlined above for determining belt length when more than two pulleys are used on a drive. 2. To nd the length of belt for the drive, add to the length obtained in step 1 the allowance for installation from table 12. Take-up allowance To the length of belt for the drive, add the allowance for take-up from table 12. Check the drive with the idler in its maximum take-up position to see that this length of belt can be accommodated. Inspection requirements Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in example 3. 1. Fill in values from table 5 as follows: Tension 190 lb h g 0.780 in. b g 0.630 in. 34 deg OD 7.958 in. Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove is 0.03 in. (Note: From table 5, the effective circumference of the measuring pulley is 25.000 in.) 2. From the effective length of 176.7 in., subtract 25.000 in. and divide the remainder by 2 to nd Y , or Y176.7 25.000 /2 75.85 in. 3. From table 3, the length tolerance is 1.00 in. The tolerance on dimension Y will be equal to these length tolerances divided by 2, or Tolerance on Y 0.50 in.

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