Uthayam
cjak;
happy deepawali
Aust-Tamils urge Australia
to help IDPs rehabilitation
By our correspondent
Melbourne: The situation in Sri Lanka
has been hitting the world headlines
ever since the defeat of the LTTE
and the subsequent unification of the
country. The bloody chapter in Sri
Lankan history is over but much in
the form of socio economic develop-
ment remains to be done. Thousands
of internally displaced persons (IDP)
from the former regions held by the
Athys Jewellers
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OCTOBER 2009
As per the request of the person concerned the face has been masked - Editor
LTTE need to be rehabilitated. The Sri
Lanka government has promised to do
the same recently. Naturally, the Tamil
Diaspora the world over including
Australia wants to play a positive and
helping role in this process.
To fulfill this several Australian Tamil
organizations and some Tamil individu-
als were invited to a meeting recently
at the Department of Foreign Affairs
and Trade (DFAT) in Canberra.  The
The people you can trust
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meeting was convened by Mr David
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Holly, the Assistant Secretary, South
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and West Asia Branch of the DFAT, for
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agency of Australia, and the members fztDk; %d;W Foe;ijfisAk;
of prominent Tamil community repre- kidtpiaAk; tpl;L tpl;L fdlh
sentatives on the current situation in nrd;Wtpl;lhu;. jq;if gps;isfSld;
northern Sri Lanka and on the ways nfhf;Ftpypy; mg;GNthL ,Ue;jhs;.
both sides can work together to create
lasting peace in the region. 
continued on page .............................3 continued on page ...........................18
2 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
3 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
Managing Editor
Noel Nadesan
Community News
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Corruption a
little less now
By Supun Dias
Sri Lanka has been ranked 92nd in last
year’s corruption perceptions index pre-
pared by Transparency International (TI)
– an improvement from the previous index
where Sri Lanka was ranked 94th.
Denmark, New Zealand and Sweden are
among the least corrupt countries while
the most corrupt country is Somalia. Sri
Lanka’s South Asian neighbours – Mal-
dives is ranked 115, Nepal 121, Pakistan
136 and Bangladesh 147.
The index has been prepared taking into
consideration the institutions the public
reckon as most corrupt, effectiveness of
government’s effort to fight corruption and
the percentage of citizens paying bribes to
obtain specific public services.
The Transparency International global cor-
ruption barometer is funded by multilateral
and bilateral agencies and other govern-
ment bodies.
Transparency International Sri Lanka
(TISL) began active operations in Sri Lanka
at the end of 2002.
It raises awareness on the damaging ef-
fects of corruption and works with partners
in government, business and civil society to
develop and implement effective measures
to tackle the menace of corruption.
We would like to hear from you. Write to us now!
Aust-Tamils urge Australia to help
IDPs rehabilitation
Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs,
Hon Stephen Smith made a surprise
appearance at the meeting. Mr. Smith
spent more than 45 minutes, explain-
ing his government’s approach in
handling the conflict in Sri Lanka, his
government’s aid strategy and listened
to the participants’ concerns, com-
ments and suggestions...   the running of the camps and $5 M for
The Minister updated the participants
on the Australian government’s
advocacy efforts and aid strategy.  He
stated that:
• He realises that this has been a ter-
rible conflict in which members of the
participants’ kith and kin also would
have been affected.
• Sri Lanka having won the war still
has to win the peace.
• Australia has expressed privately and
publicly to the SLG the importance of
the protection of civilians.
• Australia has emphasised to the SLG
the necessity of free access to UN-
HCR, ICRC etc of the IDP camps.
• Australia from the beginning has
realised that the SLG has announced
a too ambitious plan in resettling the
IDPs.
• Australia is repeatedly telling the SLG
that there has to be political reconcilia-
tion and is strongly urging the SLG for
the reconstruction of the war affected
areas.
Lankans in Australia stretch a helping
hand to IDP
A number of organizations in Australia joined hands in rais-
ing funds for the IDP in Sri Lanka. More than $8000 was
collected. The funds were used to purchase Medical and
other supplies required by the IDP.
The goods were handed over to Captain Dilan Dharmar-
athne (Secretary to the Governor of Northern Province Gen.
G.A. Chandrasiri) - 01st of September, 2009. By Malaka
Yapa.
Malaka Yapa handing over the gifts from Australia
• Australia has made clear to SLG,
how these will affect how international
community will look at Sri Lanka.
• Australia announced releasing $2
M for resettlement of IDPs and will
announce another $3 M in the evening
in parliament.  This will make $5 M for
resettlement of the IDPs in this finan-
cial year alone which started in July
in addition to the $24.5 M given in the
last financial year.
• His government is conscious of the
large Sri Lankan community, both
Tamil and Sinhalese, settled in Aus-
tralia.
• He has met both his counterpart Hon
Rohitha Bogollagama and His Excel-
lency President Mahintha Rajapaksa
on several occasions and always
talked about this conflict with them.
• Australia feels the immediate need
to move the IDPs out of the camps as
soon as possible.
• He will be going to Sri Lanka, early
next year and will be putting Australia’s
views directly to the SLG and will be
seeing himself the situation in person.
• His government is working through its
High commissioner Kathy Klugman in
Colombo and other like minded lead-
ers of countries such as UK, USA and
EU to send strong messages to the Sri
Lankan government.
Organization
No of
Books
Mahendra
Kalingamudali
Australian Sri Lankan
Youth
R Sivanadan
Scat (Raja De Alwis)
Japura
Lakmadura
VISWA
SPUR
SLGTTI
RAV FM
Ticket books printed free of charge by Mr. Upa Upadasa
Internet Transactions + Bank Deposits = $8200.00 – 6980.00 = $ 1220.00
( To be finalized)
Committee members of the donating organizations
• Either the Tokyo Co-chairs have to be
reactivated or form another group of
like minded countries to re-start politi-
cal negotiations between the Tamils
and the SLG.
Mr. Noel Nadesan, Editor ‘Uthayam’
presented a plan of development ac-
tivities which could be undertaken
by Australia along with India.
 The plan includes vocational and
technical education in areas such as: 
Nursing and health care,  psycho-
logical counseling, auto mechanics
etc.,computer related skills,baking,
plumbing, welding and entertainment,
hairdressing, tourism, university edu-
cation, school education, agricultural
activities, animal husbandry, fisheries,
agro-industries, alternate power sys-
tems, support programs for skilled Sri
Lankan expatriates to return for short 
periods and provide their services,
health services and media.
The plan envisages that within the
broad area identified for development
assistance, specific projects can be
developed in collaboration with the
government and other institutions in
Sri Lanka.  An organizational structure
and a trust fund are being established
in Sri Lanka, specifically focused on
the resettlement, rehabilitation, and
development needs of the war-affected
areas. This organization will be linked
to Sri Lankan Diaspora organizations
world-wide and will solicit funds from
the Diaspora, international aid organi-
zations and government aid programs. 
No of Tickets Amount
Tickets Sold Colected
34
24
15
340
240
150
239 $2,390.00
103 $1030.00
100 $1,000.00
2 20 3 $30.00
5 50 30 $300.00
10 100 15 $150.00
8 80 59 $590.00
15 150 51 $510.00
10 100 95 $950.00
5 50 3 $30.00
128 1280 698 $6,980.00
4 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
A moment in my journey
S. DORAIRAJ
Interview with Prakash Raj, winner, the 2007 National
Film Award for the Best Actor. K. BHAGYA PRAKASH
Prakash Raj:”I am in cinema because it
is basically the journey of my life.”
PRAKASH RAJ won the Best Support-
ing Actor award for his role in the Tamil
movie Iruvar in 1998. But this time it is
double delight: the National Film Award
for the Best Actor for his performance in
Kanchivaram, which depicts the life and
struggle of weavers of the silk capital of
India, and the Best Feature Film Award
for the movie. Prakash Raj, known for
his frank views, speaks on a wide range
of issues in this interview to Frontline.
Excerpts:
What does this national award mean
to you? Please tell us about the Kan-
chivaram experience, and your jour-
ney through Tamil cinema and Indian
cinema?
In the context of our country, the na-
tional award for any actor or film-maker
is a very important recognition in his
life’s journey, [and one] which will prob-
ably be a milestone. For some it may be
the goal, but for me it is a moment in the
journey where you are recognised for
your work. It turns into a milestone and
you continue the journey.
Coming to my journey in Tamil cinema
and Indian cinema, as an actor or now
as a producer, for me it so happens that
I am in cinema because it is basically
the journey of my life. As you under-
stand, we do not come from a culture
where we are brought up with cinema
as a profession in mind. Probably this
may happen in the next generation; or
a few of the present generation whose
parents are in cinema are being nur-
tured from a young age. But in most
cases it is a search for an identity to
express yourself. There is no known his-
tory of anybody having been in the field
of arts in my family. For me it is more
like having stumbled into the profession.
Now probably you share yourself and
as you gather momentum, you turn into
whatever you are. And in a matter of 15
to 17 years you look like a veteran in
cinema.
You have described Vengadam’s role
in Kanchivaram as the most intense
and powerful character you have done.
What makes you feel so?
I am not one of those actors who do
a lot of homework. When you see the
film, you can see there is a dilemma
between ideology and life. It is a turmoil,
between the love for his daughter, his
dream, and his ideology. See, when you
start thinking about all these things and
looking from all these dimensions, it is
a different world where probably I am
more informed as an actor.
Though it was a piece of information
before I entered the role, I forget it later
because, for me, when I approach Ven-
gadam, it is a human story. So I tell the
director, Priyadarshan: “Priyan, you con-
tinue to direct. Put it in order because
for me the challenge is to start the film
on the first day and finish it on the 30th
day.” But through this 30-day journey,
you intend to portray a life that spans
20 years. So, for me, I start proceeding
and understanding as he shoots in the
chronological order.
When I enter this role, I am empty as
in a Zen master’s story because that is
where the director can fill in me what-
ever he needs and it is all total surren-
der. Do what he wants, and just add to it
your experience as an artist.
You have done very serious roles, as in
Iruvar and Kanchivaram. At the same
time you seem to fit into chirpy roles
too, as in Mozhi and Gilli…
The scene where the protagonist, on
parole, feeds his paralysed daughter
poisoned food.
It is as simple as that: I am an actor
and I am expected to be an actor. I am
requested to be an actor and I am paid
to be an actor. I am committed to being
an actor. So I just do the same – in
intensity or perception or the time spent.
The time I spent on Kanchivaram is as
much as the time I spent on Iruvar or on
Mozhi or on Abiyum Nanum or on Gilli.
It just so happens in the context of India
that we need to balance between the
commercial and artistic needs. Around
99 per cent of the time we only enter-
tain, to make a living out of it. There I
take upon myself a social responsibility,
within me. My conscience says, “Don’t
do films that are crass or that cross the
border into obscenity in my perception,
so that I do not earn out of it.” But if it is
harmless entertainment, it is fine.
At the same time, an actor is not a
chooser but a beggar, because he is not
cinema. An actor can never be cinema.
An actor may be one of the major col-
ours of a painting.
You have placed on record that your
bread and butter is commercial cinema.
Still you strive to make different movies.
Both of them are bread and butter for
me. But one part of the bread and butter
is for the stomach and the other is for
the brain. Two different types of hunger
I have in life. You can’t expect me to
do ten Kanchivarams in a year. I will go
bankrupt.
You are considered a great producer
to work with. You have been paying
tributes to your directors for shaping you
as a good actor. When are you going to
don the director’s role?
I never knew that I would be an actor.
Now I am one. I never knew that I was
going to be a producer. Now I am one. It
is kicking within. Soon I will be a direc-
tor.
Kanchivaram revolves around the com-
munist ideology and how it impacts the
lives of weavers…
Communist ideology is one part of the
story. But for that matter no ideology
in the country or the world has been
followed to its complete sense because
there has always been a dilemma be-
tween human dream and ideology. And
that is what happens here too.
Is cinema a mere mass entertainer or
an instrument of social change? Is it not
difficult to strike a balance between the
two?
How do you see painting? How do you
see writing? How do you see sculp-
ture? Everything is an art form. Over
the years, you document the person
behind the works when you talk about
great writers, sculptors or film-makers.
Cinema as a medium has come from
outside. We have taken it as it is a very
powerful tool. But here again, 90 per
cent of the time we are trying to use this
medium for doing the same larger-than-
life characters. It has to transcend the
present stage of catering to the taste of
the audience and grow to its full form
and become a medium of expression. It
is a long process. Till then you will have
to continue to balance and work.
You have drawn a parallel between the
creative writers Lankesh and Jayakan-
than. Do you have any proposal to
make films based on their works?
Drawing a parallel between creative
writers Lankesh, Adiga or Jayakanthan,
or Chalam, speaks of my perception of
literature. It need not be necessary that
their works should be turned into films.
But my perceptions can be turned into
films because they are in a different
form altogether.
You are an actor who is quite frank
about his views. Has this got you into
trouble in this sensitive industry? Do
you think an actor needs to be diplo-
matic?
It depends on his strength, on his own
integrity. It depends on the person’s
comfort level. But I would say, “Don’t be
too diplomatic as one day a spade will
have to be called a spade.”
You are regarded highly for your ability
to do different roles. How do you think
your theatre background has helped?
Would you still like to act in a stage
play?
Yes. Theatre has helped me. My read-
ing of literature has helped me. Theatre
and reading of literature always help
you in understanding or sensitising your
perception. These are very important
things for any actor. But there are cer-
tain actors who are gifted. These born
actors do not need such things. Well,
going back to theatre, in my journey I
have come from stage to cinema and I
am still in awe of this magic. I don’t want
to go back for the sake of going back.
I won’t say going back is wrong. But
for me I am still in awe of this journey.
When I feel like, I will go, or I may never
go if I don’t have the time in my life.
History has shown that cinema, which
is a mass-based performing art, cannot
remain unaffected by the socio-political
atmosphere prevailing in the world.
Would you like to comment?
It has to reflect, it has to document, it
has to dissect, it has to evaluate, it has
to discuss and it has to express. But
there again it will find its purest, strong-
est expression only when this medium
gets into the hands of responsible,
sensitive and aggressive individuals
who are guided by conscience. So, it
depends on how many of us – individu-
als of our country – become morally
responsible and would like to master
this tool and use it this way.
Actors Rajnikant and Kamal Haasan
have time and again appealed to po-
litical leaders not to bring politics into
cinema.
Politics is different from cinema. But if
an actor is totally committed to politics,
he can use it to express his ideology.
But don’t misuse the love and affection
the people have for an art. Don’t distort
it into a political vote. By doing so, you
are not making a voter more conscious
about his right and more sensitive to
his right. But rather, you are using his
weakness. It is like somebody giving
you a hundred rupee note to buy some-
thing and you purchase something else
and tell the person that this is what you
should have.
As an alternative to mainstream com-
mercial cinema, can leading film stars
help parallel cinema?
That is the only way in this country
because it is the responsibility of the
already popular film stars. Otherwise, it
will take a long time for parallel cinema
to find its feet. It is the responsibility
of all sensible and popular actors and
technicians to make a conscious deci-
sion to devote some time to parallel
cinema.
Recently you stated that you are an
agnostic. How do you see attempts to
divide people and let loose violence in
the name of religion?
For me religion is a personal thing, like
sex. It is an individual’s belief. So, being
a believer or non-believer does not mat-
ter as long as you are not going to force
your views on others. Cultures have
come in to help people live as a com-
munity and not to divide them. Religion
should make you human. If it forces
you into making moral judgments, it is
wrong. It is the animal in us that is using
the name of religion, caste, wealth and
power. All these things should make the
human in you more beautiful and more
colourful. They should not make you
say that you are better than others.
Frontline
5 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
Perfect weave
S. DORAIRAJ
Kanchivaram, which won the Best Film Award, is a neatly
woven tale about the struggles and dreams of the weavers of
India’s silk capital.
BY SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT
Prakash Raj as the protagonist, Vengadam, in the film.
WHAT could not be achieved for Tamil
cinema by big-budget movies starring
mega actors all these years has been
accomplished by a film made on a
shoestring budget. At the 55th National
Film Awards for 2007, Kanchivaram,
directed by Priyadarshan, was chosen
the Best Feature Film for “presenting a
rare portrayal of Kanchi’s silk weaver
community and the internal struggle of a
weaver caught between his ideals and
personal dreams”. Prakash Raj, who
plays the lead role, won the Award for
Best Actor.
The film, produced by Percept Picture
Company and Four Frames, has already
been screened at various international
festivals, such as Palm Springs, Dubai,
Pusan and Toronto.
One has to acknowledge the painstaking
efforts made to ensure the authenticity
of the “period film”. The difficulties faced
in producing the movie can only be
imagined, since it covers the period from
1920 to 1948. At no point does the neatly
woven story, set in the 1940s, go astray
though several flashbacks take the viewer
to the 1920s and 1930s. The flashbacks
highlight the plight of the weavers, who
had to depend on their masters, who, in
turn, controlled the handloom industry.
The travails, emotions and excitement of
the weavers are interlaced perfectly as
the story shuttles between the past and
the present.
The faithful portrayal of life grips the
viewers right from the first frame, where
Vengadam (Prakash Raj), the weaver,
comes on parole to see his daughter
Thamarai (Shammu), and the last one,
where he makes a vain bid to cover her
body with a silk sari clandestinely woven
by him.
During the tedious journey from the prison
to the town in a rickety bus, Vengadam
looks, through his broken glasses, at his
shattered past and clueless future, with
incessant rain aggravating the pathos. His
poetic expressions shine on the screen.
“The silk weaver can only weave silk, but
he or his family members cannot wear it”
is the message of Kanchivaram, named
after Kancheepuram, the silk capital of
India. Vengadam is a shining example
of the sorry state of affairs in the silk-
weaving sector.
The first of Vengadam’s series of failures
comes when he, as a young man, claims
that his bride will be in a silk sari. He fails
to achieve it. Even though he is teased
for this “failure”, he is not offended. The
second occasion is when the last rites
are performed for his father, a recipient of
many awards for his mastery in weaving.
When the priest asks Vengadam where
“the silk for the body” is, all he can do
is hand over a silk thread to tie the toes
together. A bystander comments: “All
through his life, he has woven yards of
silk. Yet today, upon his death, there is
not even a piece of cloth to cover his
body. That is the fate of the weaver.”
Vengadam weaves a unique bridal sari
for his master’s daughter, which bears
designs and motifs such as the waves
Vic premier meeting Vayalar Ravi
of the sea and a forest in all its richness.
But to enable his wife, Annam (Shreya
Reddy), to catch a glimpse of it, he has
to carry her on his shoulders to reach the
venue of the wedding just before the bride
enters the horse carriage.
But he would not compromise on his
pledge to his baby daughter that he would
adorn her in a silk sari at her wedding. He
makes this promise against the advice
and criticism of his friends and others.
He installs a loom in his cattleshed
clandestinely and starts weaving the sari
using yarn stolen from the master’s loom
yard.
Viewers are moved beyond words when
an emotional Vengadam, after losing
everything in life – his wife, his friends, his
relatives, his commitment to the ideology,
and finally the smile on his daughter’s
face – tells Thamarai, immobilised by a
paralytic attack: “See the silk sari that I
have been weaving for you for the past
16 years… I have been dreaming every
day how you would look in it. I became a
thief, a traitor… everything for this; only
for this!”
Director Priradarshan with actors Prakash
Raj and Shreya Reddy during the
shooting of the film.
Earlier, the arrival of a communist leader
to the town heralds a new awareness in
the weaver community. He teaches them
through skits and stories the importance
of fighting against the crass exploitation
by the masters who did not hesitate
to award corporal punishment to the
weavers on flimsy grounds. He inculcated
revolutionary ideas in them by talking to
them about the Russian Revolution and
other great world events.
Just when the leader realises that his
mission to the silk town is over, he is
caught and shot dead by the police.
Vengadam and his comrades manage
to escape. The responsibility of leading
the weavers in their struggle to achieve
their demands falls on the shoulders
of Vengadam, whose commitment to
communist ideals and class struggle are
reinforced by his arrest by the British
police.
The lifting of the ban on the Communist
Party, close on the heels of the turn
of events in the Second World War,
provides the much-needed fillip to
the agitation. Denial of the charter of
demands advanced by the weavers
forces Vengadam to intensify the struggle.
He asks his comrades to continue with
the struggle for better treatment and a
pay increase and tells them not to mind
if the protest takes a militant form in a
bid to thwart the masters’ move to bring
weavers from elsewhere.
But all his commitment to the ideology
and the welfare of the weavers wilt
and collapse when Vengadam realises
that he cannot fulfil his promise to his
daughter if the three-month-old struggle
goes on. He has to race against time
and complete the sari that he is weaving
for his daughter, whose marriage has to
take place before her soldier bridegroom
returns to the battlefield after vacation.
He cannot escape the danger of being
dubbed a traitor if he calls off the strike.
At the same time, for him, the work
has to resume so that he will be able
to smuggle the silk yarn necessary to
complete the bridal sari. Pushed into a
Catch-22 situation, Vengadam waxes
eloquent on whether to carry the strike
forward or to end it abruptly. Finally,
he decides to ditch his comrades and
resume work along with a section of the
weavers.
Just as he continues to steal silk yarn
and weave the sari in his cattleshed with
single-minded devotion, ignoring the
plight of his fellow weavers, his militant
comrades refuse to bow to the masters’
pressure tactics and persist with the
struggle. Annoyed at Vengadam’s
preparations for his daughter’s wedding,
they demand an explanation from
him. The erstwhile leader, who has
concealed the stolen yarn in his mouth,
spills the beans, much to their shock
and dismay.
None of the weavers comes to his
rescue when Vengadam is thrashed by
the masters’ henchmen for the “crime”.
In fact, some of the weavers join them in
the attack. A helpless Thamarai pleads
with her father’s former associate to
rescue him from his assailants.
A handcuffed Vengadam is then taken
to prison. The marriage is called off.
Shortly afterwards, his daughter jumps
into a well and becomes paralysed.
Coming on a two-day special parole
to his town to see her, on February
1, 1948, he pleads with his sister and
brother-in-law, who owe him a lot, to
take care of the girl until his release but
to no avail. The heartbroken weaver,
who had always warned his daughter
against entering the cattleshed, carries
her there to show her the bridal sari.
Vengadam ends the life of his beloved
daughter by feeding her poisoned food.
In the climax, he makes a desperate
effort to cover Thamarai’s body
with the incomplete sari. He smiles
philosophically at the police escort who
tells him that his parole time is over.
The film is not totally free from criticism.
Critics, more particularly those from
the trade unions, flay the way the
protagonist, a trade union activist, is
portrayed.
 6 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

News
No Agreement Between Major
Hu tacitly rejected the American
4 Austral Asian Voice | MAY 2009 president’s claim that developing
A
countries must shoulder the burden
al
for reducing carbon emissions.

Powers On Carbon Emissions

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The French environment minister, Jean-
warming is, in fact, taking place and
WSWS.org of the world heads of state to agree

PART-TIME TRUCK
that it is caused by human activity.
DRIVER
Louis Borloo,REQUIRED
went out of his way to
on even modest measures to meet it reject such a proposal. “They have to
 This Obama referred to as an “historic
Government leaders representing about show what it will pay for,” he said.
100 nations gathered at the United
is all the more glaring. The conference

revealed sharp divisions among the
recognition on behalf of the AmericanShort Hours
people and their government [that] we
Nations in New York to discuss global  world’s three largest greenhouse gas NightofDelivery
understand the gravity the climate Job One
It is night,
clear thatSunday
if any agreement is
produced at December’s Copenhagen
warming. The meeting was billed as producers, the US, China, and Europe.
an attempt to 
jump-start negotiations  threat...” George W. Bush, Obama’s Car Licensegathering, it will be a derisory response
obscurantist predecessor in the White to the crisis of global warming.
in advance of a December 
summit in China and the US by themselves Preferably
House, notoriously residing
declared that “all the in Eastern Suburban
Copenhagen at 
which a global treaty produce 40 percent of all carbon science isn’t in yet” on global warming.
 To date, major industrialized nations
governing greenhouse gas emissions is emissions. The two nations, whose
to be produced. 
economies are also tightly bound For further information
Yet, in his speech’s only substantive
callagreed
have : 0404 631 632
to reduce emissions by
2050. This date is so far in the future,
together, have refused to agree to
 portion, Obama reiterated the Bush
Instead, the New York conference and the promises to reduce emissions
to meet withonly mandates onrefreshments
emission reductions. The administration position that combating
An opportunity
served to highlight the impossibility
guest speakers at 3.30 pm with light served.
so vague, that it is not taken seriously.
speeches of presidents Barack Obama
 carbon emissions is the responsibility
of realizing even the most limited The United Nations’ Intergovernmental
and Hu Jintao, both of whom addressed of developing industrial powers like
environmental reforms in a world order   Panel on Climate Change has proposed
the UN gathering, were therefore China and India. “Those rapidly-growing a short-term target of reducing emissions


dominated by rival capitalist nation watched with particular interest. developing nations that will produce
 by 25 percent to 40 percent below 1990
states. nearly all the growth in global carbon

Global warming is caused by carbon
Obama’s remarks were typical of the

president. Replete with saccharine
Marriage Ad
emissions in the decades ahead must do
levels by 2020. This reduction, which
environmental groups say is insufficient
their part as well,” Obama said.
Match required for a Sri Lankan Tamil, Aus-

dioxide emissions created in the rhetorical flourishes like “we are to reverse global warming, is likely to be

burning of fossil fuels. Carbon and determined to act,” “difficulty is no opposed by the US as well as China and
 Given that China and India are rapidly
other “greenhouse gases” trap heat excuse for complacency,” “seize the

in the atmosphere, increasing the 
opportunity,” “the journey is long,” and
tralian P.R. boy who is 32, currently work-
growing economies, it is unsurprising
India, which reject emission mandates.
that their carbon emissions are also
earth’s temperature beyond normal 
climatological fluctuations. Among
so on, the speech had nothing to say ing as a Senior Engineer in Sydney and
growing rapidly. But they still lag far
There are also unresolved
disagreements over what body should
about what the US might do to reduce its
 behind the US in per capita carbon
global warming’s observed effects are

emissions.

the melting of the polar ice caps, which
from a respectable family in Singapore.
production. While the US produces
oversee compliance with carbon
emission standards.
about the same amount of carbon as
Looking for an educated tamil speaking

threatens coastal populations due 
to “Yes, the developed nations that China, it has less than a fourth of China’s Ban Ki-Moon, the UN secretary general,
rising sea levels, and an increase in the caused much of the damage to our
 population.
severity of weather patterns. 
Its impact climate over the last century still have a girl(below 28) who has strong cultural and who called the climate change summit,
lamented that “negotiations were moving
responsibility
on the earth’s species, food production, to lead,”
Obama said.  “And There is little doubt that China’s rapid
water supplyand
dramatic.
human disease will be we will continue
 to do
in renewable energy, promoting greater
so by investing religious values. If interested please email
industrial expansion is creating an
as fast as a glacier.”
environmental disaster. Much of China’s

In light of the gathering threat of

efficiency, and slashing our emissions
to reach the targets we set for 2020 and
environmental catastrophe, the inability our long-term goal for 2050.”
biodata with snap to kabilans@hotmail.com
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 Austral Asian Voice | MAY 2009

7 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

DIZZY SPELLS (Vertigo) President Obama

Next you roll onto your
side. Your head should be
slightly

journalists on wo
angled while you look
Written by Dr Harold Gunatillake
down at the floor.

I am sure that some percentage of readers these crystals move about inside the inner Step 4
of this article would have had one or more ear, they distort the information generated
attacks of vertigo (spinning) at some
stage in their lives. It is on record that
by this system to the brain. The result is a
disruptive dizzy sensation of short duration. Reporters Without Borders welcomes Presiden
Finally, you return
carefully to a sitting
40% of Americans do suffer from benign position and then tilt
paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). These three canals positioned in different
These attacks involve brief episodes of directions, are called Semicircular canals "Today,
your I lend
head down. Aftermy
the voice of support and
because of its shape. They communicate procedure,
admirationyou must keepthose brave men and
to all
intense dizziness when you change the
with the vestibule, which is a part of the your
women of the press who labor to expose
position of your head. Your surroundings
appear to be moving either vertically or vestibular labrynth. truthupand enhance accountability around
head right for 48
horizontally. This invariably occurs whilst the world”
hours, even asPresident
you sleep. Obama said on May 1.
Fortunately there is a simple way to
turning your neck in bed, and rarely whilst This allows time for the
treat this condition by self to relieve the
standing completely still, walking or in the particles
sitting position. Some people feel that they
symptoms, such as spinning and dizziness. “Thesefloating
wordsinare youra great recognition of the
vestibular labrynth to
are actually spinning. The effect may be work of journalists and foster the promo-
The crystals, which cause the distorted settle into your utricle or
slight and only just noticeable, or it may information, are relocated within the system betion of pressbyfreedom
reabsorbed your around the world. The
be so severe that you fall to the ground. to a section (utricle) where they do not President's
body fluids. tribute to the courageous report-
The condition is more common among the move and therefore no longer cause the ers currently in jail will bring more interna- Avoid extending your neck, for example,
older people, mostly men than in women. You may need to wear a neck collar while reaching up to a high shelf.
disturbance for a while. The manoeuvre is tional attention to their cases. This statement
Everyday activities like turning in bed, called the canalith repositioning procedure. to prevent tilting your head. It may be
looking up or bending forward, especially comes a day after the Senate passed aMove
necessary to repeat the procedure several
reso-your head gently and slowly when at
The doctor, or the physiotherapist,
if performed quickly, will trigger vertigo, lution on that issue” the organization said.
times. the dentist, hairdresser, or during activities
in the office, demonstrates this. This
often nausea and occasionally vomiting. where your head is lying flat (horizontal) or
procedure consists of several simple
BPPV can come in bouts lasting several These
“We manoeuvres
hope these may bring about will bethefol-
words neck is extended.
head manoeuvres. As mentioned the goal
days to many months. It may resolve for sensation of vertigo, and discomfort, but
is to move particles from the fluid filled lowed by concrete action inDiet:re- Avoid foods containing high sugar
no apparent reason only to return again should not cause pain.
semicircular chambers of your inner ear sponse to the threats journalists or face.”
salt content. Foods with complex
at some time in the future. The condition into tiny bag-like structure (utricle) where In next
The his 48statement givenKeep
hours is crucial. in honor
the carbohydrates with lower glycaemic index,
of World
does not respond to medication like Serc, these particles don’t cause trouble or will head upright most of the time.
Press Freedom Day, President Obama Continue such as legumes and whole grains are
Stugeron, and stemetil, though they be reabsorbed by fluids of your body. Each tosays:
be cautious and try not to perform the better choices.
may give relief from nausea and general manoeuvre is held for about 30 seconds. “In every corner of the globe, there
malaise. These medications themselves activities, which cause the vertigo. When
are journalists in jail or being actively
reclining, keep the trouble ear on top. Drink adequate amounts of fluid daily.
can have side effects, and driving a car or Canalith repositioning procedure harassed: from Azerbaijan
(When you turn your head during above to Zimbabwe,
Avoid foods and beverages with caffeine.
working on machinery is harmful.
(Courtesy- Mayo Foundation for Medical Burma to Uzbekistan,
manoeuvres you will notice that the vertigo Cuba to Eritrea. China.consumption.
Limit your alcohol We are also Avoid especially
aspirin andabout
non-steroid
the anti-inflammatory
citizens from our ow
Vertigo is more severe than dizziness, Eduction and Research) Emblematic examples of this distressing
triggers only when moving to the side of
drugs such as brufen, voltaren. Avoid
which is often experienced as a feeling of the trouble ear.)
reality are figures like J.S. Tissainayagam currently under detention abr
Step 1 nicotine
light- headedness when you stand up. in several
Sri Lanka, and Hu Jia in viduals such as Roxana Saberi i
Use pillows.or Do Shi
not lieTao
flat. Move
First, you move from a sitting to a reclining slowly and not into positions which When you suffer from BPPV you must
Mild vertigo is very common and
position. Your doctor will help extend normally cause vertigo. Again, this is see your doctor first. He will do certain
symptoms are not serious. It is not a

Fiji suspended from Pacific

your head over the edge of the table at a necessary for two days; this allows gravity investigations to rule out other conditions
disease. However, recurrent or persistent
vertigo could be caused by an underlying
condition. You should see your GP to
45-degree angle. to pull the particles away from the problem
area.
that cause vertigo. Correct assessment
and diagnosis are most important. The M
rule out a more serious cause and to get
treatment.
Step 2
Islands Forum
The following self-help techniques may
treatment is not difficult but it should be
demonstrated and taught by a trained
Next, with your head still extended over Last or
relieve month,
preventCommodore
the symptoms of Bainimarama
vertigo: declared
medical there will
professional, not be
as it must be elec-
done
This problem results from a problem with theedge of the table, tions until properly in order to be effective.
the nerves and structures of balance Sleep with your head slightly elevated on
your doctor will prompt you to turn your Fiji isolated after election deadline expires Fijihas
The author hasnot
been suspended
discussed the other
mechanism in your inner ear (vestibular
labrynth). It occurs when calcium carbonate
head to the right
two or more pillows.
from the 16-nation Pacific Islands Forum for refusing
causes of vertigo. to return to a Gr
Indemocratic
the morning, get government
up slowly and "insitan
on acceptable time frame", the regional
particles normally contained in a sac called about 90 degrees. Ref: Brochure on BPPV prepared by
the edge of the bed
bloc's chairman said. for a minute before
utricle gets loose and fall into the wrong Kathee De Lapp, St Vincents Hospital,
standing.
part of the three canals of the inner ear, Step 3 Military leader Frank Bainimarama, who Sydney
overthrew the elected gov-
producing an episode of dizziness. As ernment
Avoid bending in down
a 2006 coup,
to pick up had been warned in January he had until May
1 to call elections this year.
items.

REQUEST FROM CEYLON

STUDENTS EDUCATIONAL FUND
Ceylon Students Educational Fund has
been operating in Australia for the past
twenty years. It is aimed at assisting
poor students from Tamil regions in Sri
Lanka (primarily from the North-East
provinces) who have been affected
by the war (i.e. by the loss of a parent
and/or the primary breadwinner of the
family) and face the threat of discon-
tinuation of their studies.
As an incorporated association, the
Fund has served the following objec-
tives:
To promote, facilitate and assist in the
education of children of Sri Lankan
origin;
• To arrange to provide emergency
relief to children of Sri Lankan origin;
• To make representation to the
Government of Australia, and various
Governments of the world, in rela-
tion to education of the children of Sri
Lankan origin;
• To collaborate with, assist, receive
assistance from and promote other
organisations engaged in similar activi-
ties.
The Fund’s main office is located in
Melbourne, Victoria.
Address: 170, Hothlyn Drive, Craigie-
burn Vic 3064
Postal Address: P.O. Box 317 Bruns-
wick VIC 3056
TP: (03) 9308 1484, Mob:
0416625766
E-Mail: kalvi.nithiyam@yahoo.com
Web: www.csefund.org
The Fund has recently received over
hundreds of requests for urgent as-
Smash Repairs •
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severely affected by the ongoing war Lo
in Sri Lanka. If you are interested in insurance company will
assisting a student, you could make
ar
contribution of $20.00 per month and
help you lodge your claim
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8 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

Rajani 20th
8 Austral Asian Voice | MAY 2009

anniversary
Sri Lanka Round
One night in 1983, soon after midnight Rajani woke me up and whispered
up
to me that she had been asked to treat an injured boy from the Iyakkam
(movement). For her, this was an act of compassion by a doctor towards
her patient. For me it was a political act. I was frozen. I turned back and
slept. I was caught up in the agony of belonging to the oppressor and the
woman I dearly and unconditionally loved trying to ‘liberate’ her own com-
munity by undertaking her bit in the struggle. This whisper and the brief
political argument that followed opened cracks in our relationship which
grew wider and wider. by Dayapala Thiranagama
Sweden’s Foreign Minister denied est in punishing Sri Lanka, by withholding Defence Ministry rejects satellite before today and yesterday there were shell
The very fact that Rajani visa who died young funds
created that she needs
among at this
the people. Andmoment
as brutalbut images attacks on the hospital ... and today morn-
Sweden’s
at 35, twenty Foreign Minister
years ago, before that decision was taken,
has been de- mob violence was the reply to non-violence,
is remembered some coun- ing there was two attacks, mainly in front
with enthusiasm both near and
nied entry to Sri Lanka, as thousands of far signifies tries
Tamil that portray
nationalism themselves
no longer as the
confined global
itself he Defence Ministry today rejected sat- of the hospital and other places as well."
an immense
civilians in void
the she left behind,
country’s war onezone be- guardians
to a class ofbuthuman
reached rights,
out tohad made sev-
all sectors of ellite imagery issued by the United Na- "Today two time shells fell in the hos-
that remains unfilled to this day.
gin to receive help from aid agencies. She held the
eral people
shamelessacross class,
attempts caste,
to and
recommend regional
pu- tions in support of allegations that se- pital area totalling 60 to 70 persons
no high office. What she leaves behind barriers.”
He was supposed to participate in a mission nitive action against this poor third world curity forces shelled a civilian area. dead, 87 persons got injury," he said.
is an undying model of womanhood country, struggling
there with French
characterised and British
by youthful energycounterparts,
and The second shows to itsrid itself of terrorism.
debilitating weakness The defence ministry said the allega- Satellite images
but was told he could visit in May instead. and cause of ultimate failure, through its tions based on UN aerial images post- "Most of these people already had inju-
selfless idealism for an equitable social
He described
order the decision
that transcended socialas and strange: “Ironically,
veryethnic failure to reachtheseoutso-called human rights
and accommodate: ed on the UNOSAT website and used ries and were staying in the hospital."
[Carl
barriers.Bildt, Swedish
Nurtured Foreign
in Jaffna of the Minister]:
1960s champs tried to justify their claims say- on several foreign television chan- Varatharajah said that people were still ar-
“The development of the northern
“The
and 1970sSri where
Lankannarrowauthorities have sud- ing that they were doing it for the safety
Tamil nationalism nels had "no scientific validity" unless riving at the hospital for treatment but that
front
of occurredheld
civilians, at the
at expense
hostage of bymanyterrorists supplies were low and some staff had left,
had taken root as the only conceivable
denly said that they don’t accept me and I fundamental there was verification on the ground.
tasks of nation building. The
defence against the workings of Sinhalese in island's North. Moreover,
have just confirmed with David Miliband blind spot in the concept of the Tamil nation they put a "Conclusions drawn from the interpretations making providing medical care difficult.
state ideology, her marriage to Dayapala
and Bernard Kouchner who said they will was the question of two large sections ofSri
number of ridiculous demands on the of these images have no scientific validity," Bigadier Udaya Nanayakkara, a mili-
Thiranagama, an academic and active
go anyhow. So it’s very strange behav- Lanka the Tamilgovernment,
speaking people such as - the offering
Muslimsam- the ministry said, responding to reports the tary spokesman, denid there had been
Sinhalese leftist, opened up new vistas. nesty to the terrorists, allowing a third par- any attack on the hospital. (Al Jazeera)
ior (Reporter asking: are you persona non or the Islamic Tamils and the hill country military had shelled an area the govern-
grata?)
She came I amto not
seepersona non grata
the grinding povertybecause ty to rescue
(plantation) the
Tamils.terrorist
Tamil leaders,
nationalism go was
for a ment itself had designated a no-fire zone.
they
facedsay I am welcome
by masses any time
in the Deep South,but I am ceasefire,
the etc.
ideology Never
of the did
Tamils history
of Sri unmask
Lanka. the The pictures showed craters which
the disfranchisement of Tamil plantation
not intending to take up that invitation.” Historically,
hypocrisy it
and had
the very tenuous
sanctimony links
of the with
West- were formed inside the zone between Talks still on over bailout package:
labour and the chauvinist ideology of the ideology
ern Powers than of thetheir
Islamic or hill country
behaviour towards February 15 and April 19, the day be- IMF
the Sinhalese ruling class, which in turn Tamils
Sri of Sriduring
Lanka Lanka.”recent times,” it said.
Sri Lanka slams “hypocrisy” of the fore the army breached the Tigers' de-
pushed the minorities into extremist
westcontinuum of evil. What made Rajani an attractive personality fences and civilians started to pour out. The IMF said Friday that talks with Sri
positions, as one single The
who statement
would not be meanwhile
extinguished alsobysaid
deaththat "The imagery is fairly clear and shows the Lanka for a bailout package of around
One cannot describe an order that has long
the
waspeople of Sriand
her idealism Lanka
urge are grateful
to fight for for time,
detained and killed.
so anybody canThe LTTEand
study ordered
compareher Nirmala
two billion wasdollars
detained by the
were stillArmy, Rajani
continuing
Sri Lankainhas
wallowed anslammed
excess ofthe “hypocrisy”
violence as otherof
than evil. The politics of ethnic the wholehearted
justice, taking manysupport
risks in given
her life.toShe them them,"
assassination as soon as the
head of the mapping unit at UNO- Indian Army had left for doctoral studies in
despite reports the fund was under pres- England and
some western countries over patronage
their behav- struggled within herself and tried announced its departure – an outcome of her role remained a secret.
centred on the by India, Pakistan and the rest of to
thefind
South SAT, Einer Bjorge stated. He said the pattern sure to withold the planned financing.
ior towards theSinhalese leadership
island during recent times.
was founded on wheeler-dealing amongsaid
meaning
Asian for her actions
countries, China, and had the
Russia, Pakistan, ofthe opportunism of Sinhalese politics that
the craters would have required air power. "Discussions with thebefore
authorities on an
A statement by the Defence Ministry courageIran,to change did not care about consequences to the This happened years the LTTE
ethnic representatives who might become Japan, Libya,theVietnam,
direction when she
Mid-East, Sri Lanka has consistently denied it used IMF-supported
was in control program are still ongoing,"
of Tamil society, when it a
that some countries put a number of ridicu- felt her participation was contributing to the North-East.
friends, but it worked by keeping the African and Southeast Asian countries. heavy weapons against civilian popu- spokesperson for the Washington-based
became fashionable fund
for elite and religious
lous
peopledemands on theethnic
from different Sri groups
Lanka divided
govern- subjugation of her own people. It was her
“But for their understanding on our plight
belief that theories were not for conference lated Soonareas and last week by
mass disappearances announced
the LTTE it leaders
told AFP whento flatter it with
asked their sycophancy.
to comment on report-
ment, such as offering
and suspicious amnestyIt gave
of one another. to thenoter-
and
readingstrust
the and they placedpapers,
discussion on us, we but would
to be got under
had ordered way, fully supported
security forces by notthetoSriuse edThis
callsconnection
to witholdtook Rajani into
the funding the
to encourage
rorists,
communityallowing a thirddignity
the intrinsic party to rescue
that comes the
never
used as be guides
able totocome
searchthisthe
farworld
in ourwebattle
live Lankan
heavy state. weapons
calibre Several university
and aerial students
strikes. Colombo to do more to help civiliansAgain
inner circles of the LTTE in Britain. caught
terrorist
to a peopleleaders
from and to goout.
reaching for a ceasefire. lost their lives in these purges. Among characteristically of her, once she began
against terrorism.paths
in and discover It seems the international
to change the world The UN estimates that up to 50,000 civilians up in fighting with the rebel Tamil Tigers.
The statement did not name any country but it them were students Manoharan and to realise that the LTTE was a totalitarian
In the following two passages from Vol. community
and society has become
for the better.more independent
Her avid interest are trapped in a narrow strip of coast where
was reported recently that the US had called in political theories Chelvi who had been drawn by Rajani’s organisation that would destroy her
II, Chapter 6 of the Broken Palmyra, and therefore safer and Marxist
for poor literaturelike the
countries Tamil Tigers are putting up a last stand. UN Chief wants Lasantha's
on the LTTE to surrender via a third party, continuously energised her work, driving her activism and continued to support the community, she made a traumatickillers
exit. By
which was largely authored by Rajani, Government forces
athesuggestion the government had rejected. towards exiled UTHR(J). It ishave said only
the singular about
tragedy then the fearsprosecuted
about the direction of the
first shows the inherent nature of Sri Lankaidentifying
to stand with
up forthe their
suffering of the
rights. At 20,000
of the people
Tamils were
that manystill left
others in
of the
no area.
less Tamil insurgency were coming true. The
“The ordeal that
Tamil nationalism that about 19 million
developed as apeople people. It was this spontaneous sympathy
least, the people living in poor war affected (AFP) dedication and ability were murdered for culture of assassination
have been
reactive living with for
phenomenon more
to the than quarter
violence of the with the vulnerable and downtrodden that UN Secretary General begun
Ban byKi-moon,
the LTTE
countries like ours can now have hopes for
led her into the LTTE. This brings us to the Shells reasons
patriotic hit hospital in no-fire
by a force zone
that despoiled became epidemic among leading militant
of a century
Sinhalese is about
polity. to weakness
Its fatal be over. Itlaywould
in in a statement ahead of World Press
achieving
present. peace if their leaders are genuine them of all that a civilised people holds groups. Their obsession with assassins,
never be too early
its dependence ontorhetoric
expresswith
our no
gratitude
viable to Freedom Day called on the govern-
programme:
enough to take appropriate action,” it said. Artillery dear, and left them utterly forlorn.           
shells fired have hit a makeshift
traitors and double agents led to an internal
all the great nations who genuinely helped Rajani’s activism in challenging the
ment of Sriwhich
bloodbath, Lanka to ensure
became publicthat those
through
us to come this far in this historic battle. Be- arrest and torture of students aroused
hospital
Brave ininthethe
faceno-fire zone. Patients
of adversity, Rajani’s and responsible
dissidents infor
the Lasantha
PLOTE. Wickrematun-
“The failure of the Tamil national leadership The Defence Ministry statement charged bystanders died in two attacks on Sat- ga's murder are found and prosecuted.
cause, the value of a sincere friend would considerable activism was based on mobilising the
to get anything from the Sinhalese that all thosesuspicion on the
diplomats, part of thehu-
politicians, urday,
peoplewhile another
to outflank 87 were
all sources wounded,
of oppression Rajani’s commitment to the people was
never be
ruling class sothrough
felt, as parliament
when one was is beset
in by Indian Army. Her challenging the views
man rights organizations that dance by building
the structures:
government Structures
official, who that
declined such that rather than remain in Britain
acontradiction
group of hypocrites,” the statement
with the rhetoric of anger post-
and and actions of students supportive of the
to the tune of LTTE propaganda are
LTTE, invited the close and hostile scrutiny towould
be enable the people
identified, told tonews
standagencies. and seek a career in safety, she felt duty
ed
the on the Defence
slogans of valourMinistry
they were website
feedingsaid.
equally responsible of the
of the LTTE. It is a matter for plight of the
satisfaction DrupTcollectively
Varatharajah,for their dignity.
a medical The work-
official bound to go back home and challenge the
It
thenoted that on
electorate. As April 30 it wasofreported
a consequence this
a sense of frustration
civilians
that at that time no university studentterror.
under the clutches of was background given below is necessary to
ing at the hospital, told Al Jazeera: "Two days
LTTE politically. She returned to Jaffna
that the UN Security and bitterness
Council has nowas inter- understand her singular legacy. It was both at the end of 1986. To many people the
non-violent and political, through people’s notion seemed lunacy, but none of us who
movements and not political parties. The moved with her thought of it in that way.
recent war and the detention of up to 300 She was an immense source of strength to
000 IDPs exemplifies the void resulting many. Looking back over two decades, the
from a perverted liberation struggle and a singular aspect of her legacy is the manner
mindless and heartless state. in which she inspired others to challenge

A. V. MURUGIAH F.C.A.
As a young medical doctor who had
joined the staff of the University of Jaffna,
Rajani was staying with her parents along
with her elder sister Nirmala. This was in
1982 and she had no involvement with
the LTTE, while her sister and brother-
in-law were involved. Dayapala was at
home in January when the LTTE carried
out its first major assassination of a key
rival, Sundaram of the PLOTE. Dayapala,
among other concerned observers, warned
that this trend of assassination would
lead to an immitigable tragedy. In those
early days when the PTA had alienated
the community, state terror was active
and the LTTE was a small underground
organisation, hardly anyone, even if
sympathetic, was willing to help injured
cadres. Nirmala was in this respect an
exception. At a critical time when a doctor
was urgently needed, Rajani, though not
involved, went out with her sister without
any calculation to help the injured. Although
the terror from a multiplicity of sources:
the Sri Lankan state, the LTTE, the Indian
Army and the groups thoroughly alienated
by the LTTE’s violence and wanting to get
their own back.
While the LTTE destroyed the personalities
of the young whom it absorbed, Rajani
also understood the attraction such an
organisation could pose to idealistically
minded youth who were alienated by
the arrogance and violence of the State.
In all human decisions, we are often
carried away and turn a blind eye to some
important aspect of the reality we confront.
She understood the oppressive conditions
that drive the young to make mistakes.
She felt responsible to give the young the
opportunity to come out of it. Knowing that
it may cost her, her life, she did not let it
cloud her enjoyment of it, nor made others
conscious of the risk she ran.
continued in page .............................9
 healthy and helpful. Work and – 24, 28 – 31st Aug 2009. August some changes and aimless House Lord Saturn is looking this chandra@yahoo.co.in)
business will go normal. Income and travelling will take place. Health house. It is supportive and helpful.
expenses will be equal. 2nd half of Virgo: (16th Sep – 15th Oct) problems, family and children will Though Saturn always gives
9 Austral Asian Voice
the month beyond all disturbances OCTOBER 2009
Mercury is lord of the house. It is make you restless. Business etc will hard time, but prayer of Saturn is
some success will come. Some situated in the 12th house. This be little down. Activities will not be supportive. Beyond all obstacles,

Rajani
project will be succeed and financial position is little disturbing for any so smooth. Pray Mother Kaali. Good income will be better, but expenses
It was meant to meet any threat to persons
or the functioning of the university through

continued from page . .......................9

She was gentle with the young. Her anger
was reserved for the elite who abdicated
their responsibility to engage with the
Sinhalese forcefully and non-violently and
instead demonised them as a granite block
of obduracy, violence and intolerance.
Their politics was intellectually lazy and
morally irresponsible. They were simply
transferring to different actors the phobias
and prejudices of the dominant Sinhalese
politics; and spurned overtures to large
sections of the Sinhalese people whom the
corruption and nationalist bravado of their
leaders had left out in the cold.
It was the same apathy and lethargy of
the Tamil elite that shifted the burden
onto the fragile shoulders of the emerging
militants. In the coming anarchy our society
succumbed to internal terror, became
callous towards individuals who differed
in their opinion and allowed the name
of liberation to be usurped by a fascistic
formation, which in its flood of bloodletting
carried the Tamils along a suicidal path
with no end in sight. This created in Rajani
a greater commitment to combat this trend
rather than give in to general apathy and
disillusionment.
The Marxist in her, also perhaps her
Christian upbringing, as with great men and
women of other faiths, did not see death
as the ineluctable end that defeats all
endeavour. An obsession with preserving
life could be crippling, and the value of
a life is rather to be measured by how it
was lived and the legacy it leaves behind.
She spurned individual heroism and tried
to build a legacy by the mobilisation of
collective
28 effort to build structures. The
emergence of UTHR(J) and it its activities
in Jaffna University was seen by Rajani as
“creating political space” in an totalitarian
environment.
An important experiment that owes
much to Rajani was the creation of the
University Staff, Students and Employees
Consultative Committee, chaired by the
vice chancellor.
collective effort. The University, as long
as it was seen as the person of the vice
chancellor and a few deans was a weak
institution. This was seen during the LTTE’s
Tandoori
abduction and murder of the student
Vijitharan in 1986 despite Vice Chancellor
Prof. Vithyananthan’s concerned personal
efforts to get the student freed. The LTTE
Junction
Tandoori Junction is a fully licensed & BYO
easily manipulated the divided efforts of
the university community and the larger Indian restaurant, capable of seating up to
society. 80 people in airconditioned comfort. We can
Rajani’s other efforts such as creating a provide an extensive catering service at a venue of your choice;
cooperative of women victims were meant
to create structures that would outlive
alternatively, for a large enough group, the restaurant could be
individuals and leave behind a legacy to exclusively booked out for your function.
benefit the poorer sections.
Eventually Rajani gave her life for her PERFECT FOR YOUR NEXT FUNCTION
commitment to the people she loved so
much. She strongly felt that teaching
students is not simply giving lectures in
theatres but harnessing their inherent
potential to make them useful to the
community. From this flowed her empathy
towards each student in her class, with
whom she spent time discussing a variety
of issues. But the politics which dominated
the society used some of the students on
whom she lavished care as agents of her
killers. Some of them have left the country
and done well as healers. Rajani would not
have grudged this, except to wish that they
think back and reexamine their actions and
the untold suffering they helped to unloose
on the people through their services to a
29 Railway Parade North, Glen Waverley
totalitarian organisation, one that inevitably Tel: (03) 9802 9814 Fax: 9887 9839
destroyed itself taking thousands with
them. Mobile: 0417 379 224
The writing of the Broken Palmyra, Lunch: Tue – Fri 12.00 to 2.30pm
the formation of UTHR (J) and other
endeavours where Rajani played a crucial
Dinner: Tues – Sun 6pm onwards
and leading role, were an outcome of
real life experiences through which we
journeyed, sharing the03-9095-6220
dangers faced / 0421-677-082 www.southasiatimes.com.au AUGUST 2009
by the people, trying to understand the
political and social dynamisms which
entrapped the country in violent conflicts.
We have seen how ordinary people were
entrapped by all sides and how their
insecurity and fears were used to justify
and perpetuate war with unimaginable
consequences.
Edited from UTHR Report

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10 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
Blood on our hands, but
this too shall pass
M K Bhadrakumar
(The writer is a former Indian diplomat who served in Sri Lanka in the 1980s)
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam supremo
Velupillai Prabhakaran’ s death circa
May 19,2009, in circumstances we would
never quite get to know, concludes a
morality play. As the curtain comes down
and we leave the theatre, the spectacle
continues to haunt us. We feel a deep
unease and can’t quite figure out the
reason. Something rankles somewhere.
And then we realise we have blood
on our hands. Not only our hands, but
our whole body and deeper down, our
conscience -- what remains of it after the
mundane battles of our day-to-day life is
also dripping with blood. Prabhakaran’ s
blood. No, it is not only Prabhakaran’s,
but also of 70,000 Sri Lankan Tamils
who have perished in the unspeakable
violence through the past quarter
century.
All the pujas we may perform to our
favourite Lord Ganesh each morning
and evening religiously before we
march ahead in our life from success
to success cannot wash away the
guilt we are bearing -- the curse of the
70,000 dead souls. Our children and
grandchildren will surely inherit the great
curse. Oh, God, what a bitter legacy!
A long time ago, we created
Prabhakaran. We picked him
up as an urchin from nowhere. What
we found charming about him was
that he was so thoroughly apolitical
-- almost innocent about politics. He
was a simpleton in many ways, who
had a passion for weapons and the
military regimen. He suited our needs
perfectly. Which was  to humiliate the
J R Jayewardene government in Sri
Lanka and teach it a hard lesson about
the dangers of being disrespectful to
India ‘s status as the pre-eminent power
in the Indian Ocean . Jayewardene
was too Western-oriented and behaved
as if he never read about the Munroe
Doctrine when he read history in Oxford
. We didn’t like at all his dalliance
with the Israelis and the Americans
in our very backyard. So, we fostered
Prabhakaran and built him up as a
pinprick on Jayewardene’ s vanities -- as
a Bhindranwale of the Deccan .
Then, as time passed, we decided that
he had outlived his utility as we had
come to develop an entirely different
outlook towards the pro-Western
orientation of the Colombo government
by that time. Our egotistic leader in New
Delhi who detested Jayewardene was no
more in power and the new soft-spoken
leader didn’t share his predecessor’ s
strong political antipathies. So, we arm-
twisted Prabhakaran to tone down and
fall in line with our changed priorities.
But we didn’t realise that by then he had
become a fully-grown adult. He resisted
our blackmail and pressure tactic. When
we pressured him even
more and tried to collar him, he struck
back. He dispatched assassins to India
and killed our beloved leader. And he
became our eternal enemy.
Yet, we couldn’t do anything to harm
him. He had already become so strong
-- an uncrowned king among his people.
So we waited. We are a patient lot. Who
can match us in infinite patience, given
our 5000 years of history?
Our cosmic religion gives us a unique
wisdom to be patient and stoical
and to bide our time. And then, the
opportune time came. We promptly
moved in for the kill by aligning ourselves fighting for the preservation of their
with Prabhakaran’s enemies. We country’s future identity as a Buddhist
armed them and trained them in better nation. Only last week, they showed their
skills to kill. We guided them with good diplomatic skill by getting the Russians
intelligence. We plugged all escape and the Chinese to stall a move in the
routes for Prabhakaran. And then, we United Nations Security Council to
patiently waited as the noose tightened pressure them.
around Prabhakaran’s neck.
The Europeans fancy they can try the
Today he is no more. Believe it or not, Sinhalese for war crimes. What naivety?
we had no role in his death. How and We asked the Sinhalese in private many
when he died shall forever remain an a time how they proposed to navigate
enigma wrapped in a mystery. We will of their way in the coming period. They
course never divulge what we know. wouldn’t divulge. But we
know that it is not as if they have
no solution of their own to the Tamil
All that matters is that the world woke up
problem, either.
to the death only after the May 13 polling
in the southern state of Tamil Nadu.
We know they already have a blueprint.
Otherwise, the parliamentary election
See, they have already solved the Tamil
results may have gone haywire against
problem in the eastern provinces of
us. Strange are the ways of the Indian
Trincomalee, Batticaloa and
democracy.
Ampara. The Tamils are no more
the majority community in those
We have had our revenge. Nothing provinces. Similarly, from tomorrow, relic of the bloody history of the Indian
else matters for the present. What lies they will commence a concerted, steady subcontinent.
ahead? We will continue to make noises colonisation programme of the northern
about a “political solution” to the Tamil provinces where Prabhakaran reigned The Sinhalese are good friends of India.
problem that Prabhkaran championed supreme for two decades. They will Our elite and their elite speak the same
through violent means. Of course, let ensure incrementally that the northern idiom. We both speak good English, play
there be no doubt that we will periodically regions no more remain as Tamil golf and like chilled beer. We should,
render humanitarian assistance to the provinces. The Tamils will be made into a therefore, wish them well.
minority community in their own northern
hundreds of thousands of Tamil civilians
homelands. They will have to live among As for the blood on our hands, true, it is
who have been herded into camps and
the newly created Sinhalese settlements a nuisance. But this is not the first time
may languish there till the dust settles
in those regions to in our history that we’re having blood on
down. We will demonstrate that we are
the north of Elephant Pass. our hands.
indeed capable of the milk
of human kindness. After all, the Sri
All this will indeed be within Sri Lanka’s Trust our words. No lasting harm will be
Lankan Tamils are part of our historical
“federal structure”. Sri Lanka will done. Blood doesn’t leave stains.
consciousness. But we must
continue to adhere to parliamentary (The writer is a former Indian diplomat
also be realistic.
democracy. Give them a decade at the who served in Sri Lanka in the 1980s)
We know in our heart of hearts that
most. The Tamil problem will become a
the scope for a political solution in the
fashion in which our leaders seem to
suggest publicly is virtually nil. The
Sinhalese will never allow the world to
dictate to them a political solution. More
so, they will promptly and conclusively
rebuff any attempt by us to seek a role
in what they will now onward insist as
strictly their internal affair.
ALREADY OWN OR BUYING A PROPERTY OVERSEAS?
Always remember that Sri Lanka is the
last bastion of Theravada Buddhism and
preserving that legacy is the Sinhalese SENDING MONEY HOME TO FAMILY OR FRIENDS?
people’s precious tryst with destiny. At
least, that is how they feel. We have
to accept the weight of their cultural
nationalism.
Now sending overseas money transfers to
Bangladesh, INDIA, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri
They see Sri Lanka as the land of the
Sinhalese. How would they allow us Lanka, and more than 80 countries via a world-
Indians who wiped out Buddhism with wide network of more than 5500 agent outlets.
such ferocity from the subcontinent
interfere with their keen sense of destiny
as the custodians of that very same
great religion? Never,never.
SECURE OVERSEAS MONEY TRANSFERS
If we try to pressure the Sinhalese,
they will approach the Chinese or the
Competitive exchange rates – No hidden charges
Pakistanis to balance our pressure. They
are capable of doing that. The Sinhalese
are a gifted people. We all know few Convenient – Peace of mind – ideal for student loan repayment
can never match their terrific skills in
media management. They have always Help and guidance – from our expert money transfer customer service team
lived by their wits. Equally, they are
fantastic practitioners of diplomacy. We
suspect that they may in fact have an Office:
edge over us on this front, for unlike us Unit 1, 1324 Centre Road, Clayton South 3160
who are dissimulating from day to day
Phone:
as if we’re a responsible regional power
David Nesbit +61 (3) 9543 2123
and dissipating our energies in pastimes
such as hunting down Somalian pirates Kosala Jayasinghe +61 (3) 9544 5060
in distant seas, they are a highly focused
Fax:
lot.
+61 (3) 9544 2010
Email: david@Kapruka.biz
They have the grit because they are
11 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

We shall wake up to
a new dawn
A Special Report By our correspondent
Humanity, from time to time is called
upon to recharge and revitalize itself and
renew its tryst with destiny. It is such that
sparks new hopes especially when our
faith is strong, determined and focused
on our Creator, the God of all mercies,
the loving God and the just God. It was
that kind of spirit that marked the fellow-
ship dinner that took place last Saturday
St. Michael’s Grammar School St Kilda,
Melbourne, Victoria at the Fund-Raising
Event held to support the work of the
Jaffna Diocese of the Church of South
India.
Organized by the Partnership Pro-
gramme of the Uniting Church of Aus-
tralia, the St George’s St Kilda’s Parish
, Creative Ministries Network UCA and
the Jaffna Diocese of the Church of
South India (JDCSI), the chairperson the
Rev John Bottomley assisted by Christy
Thiagarajah presented an inspiring
video presentation of the message to
the evening’s gathering by the Rt Rev Dr
Daniel Thiagarajah based on his stir-
ring call, “Let’s rise up and transform.”
Available in You Tube, the presentation
introduces the work of the JDCSI cover-
ing the last three years based on the
foundational commitment and spirit of
the American missionaries who arrived at
the turn of the 19th century to serve our
people.
Also associated in this promotion is the
Rev Angela Tampiyappa, minister of St
George’s Uniting Church St Kilda’s who
was the first to be appointed as the lady
minister in Sri Lanka. She has spent con-
siderable time working with vulnerable
and needy communities in parishes un-
der the JDCSI. She is one of the found-
ers of the Partnership Programme.
Bishop Daniel Thiagarajah’s message
was focused on the spirit of renewal and
recharge and made it very clear that we
have to re-energize that spirit and face
a new dawn of challenges, understand
and appreciate its potential and be
totally committed to it. He conveyed this
message in flowing verse and in action
and the dynamism he has brought into
his leadership. The video was the first
of its kind ever to show how the early
missionaries had to work in a place that
was very strange to them and yet they
laboured powered by their faith.
The evening also marked a rich fellow-
ship of the Sri Lankan JDCSI community
and their friends from other churches
and many others who have Sri Lanka in
their interests and prayers. The event
was in the hands of an efficient Master
of Ceremonies, the Rev Subramaniam
Manopavan of the Oakleagh Uniting
Church and was graced by a dear and
elder friend of the community, Dr Thia-
garajah Gangatharan as the Guest of
Honour. He was for a time the Superin-
tendent of the Green Memorial Hospital,
the first Hindu to head this famous mis-
sion hospital which was the first teaching
medical institution in Sri Lanka.
Followed by a very meaningful open-
ing prayer beseeching God’s presence
among us and with us in whatever we
undertake for His glory by Ms Anto Sam-
uel and the great hymns “How great thou
art” and “Here I am Lord,” supported by popular entertainer they were supported by the Fabian’s band and Nita Anandaraj
songs appropriate for the young and
who were the rhythms, booms and melody masters of the evening. They engulfed the
old rendered by the 11-year olds from entire participants of the evening into an ocean of lovely music and the rhythmic cur-
Marion College Sunshine, Edwina Vi-
rents that touch our feelings in rapturous joy.
jeyaratnam, Olivia Shacklock, Stephanie
Angelini and Tegan Frost the evening The dinner was most delicious with the rich choice of Sri Lankan food flavoured and
moved on with contributions from the spiced to more gentler Australian taste buds and the “Aussied” Sri Lankans which
Bernas Family singers most appropriate itself marked an emergence of a new cuisine that has come to enrich food options
for the occasion. throughout the world with the types unique to Sri Lanka for ages. Everybody enjoyed
the food so much it was even feared that there may be a run on it.
Sri Lanka’s famed singer Nithi Kana-
garatnam was in his usual mood as a

The Don Moore Community Centre at North Rocks, NSW, Australia was the
scene of good old fashioned fun and frivolity when the Royal College OBA of
NSW and ACT, staged its annual family night, called “the hopper night”, on 22nd
August 2009. A good time was had by all, including the many non Sri Lankans in
attendance, some of whom were on a high for days on end following the event.
12 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

TELCOTEL
When you dial an Australian number it rings in Sri Lanka!!
All you require is an ADSL (Broadband) connection
and a Telcotel SIP connection

Incoming

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Telcotel Phone Outgoing (Australian Number)

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ow you can see your family members
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Victorian government schools

are helping your child shine
In the past, schools were buildings; today they are connecting teachers,
students and the community to the wealth of knowledge that exists in
the world.
To help ensure our teaching and learning meets the needs of the 21st
century, every Victorian government school will be rebuilt, extended
or renovated by 2017 – the largest school building program in
Victoria’s history.
Driven by new practices in teaching and learning that build on the
recognition of the powerful impact that school design has on how well
students do at school, we are creating flexible learning spaces designed
to suit the individual needs of every student.
New buildings are also being designed and built to be community
assets. This means that, outside of school hours, the entire community
can benefit from the shared use of school sporting facilities, meeting
rooms, halls, stadiums, libraries and other buildings.
There are also an increasing number of early childhood services being
co-located with schools, making it easier for parents and helping to
improve transition to school. Grants are also being provided to every
Victorian government school to maintain and refresh their information
and computer technology.
For more information about the great things happening in government
schools SMS ‘student’ to 13 46 88 or visit
www.education.vic.gov.au/shine
(Standard SMS charges apply. Not available on Vodafone and 3 networks).
13 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
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14 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

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20 OCTOBER 2008 www.southasiatimes.com.au

20 OCTOBER 2008 www.southasiatimes.com.au

OCTOBER 2008 www.southasiat
15 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

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Fwpg;ghf INuhg;gpa ehLfisAk;
fdlh> mnkupf;fh ehLfisAk;
Nru;e;j md;gu;fSk; ,e;epjpak;
Clhf gy khztu;fSf;F
cjtpdhu;fs;. 10-2009 Mk; jpfjp rdpf;fpoik khiy 6.30 kzpf;F gpd;tUk; Kftupapy;
eilngWk;:
,yq;ifapy; aho;g;ghzk;>
jpUNfhzkiy> mk;ghiw> Mount Waverley Youth Centre, 45, Miller Crescent , Mount Waverley
kl;lf;fsg;G> tTdpah
Nkyjpf tpguq;fSf;F:
khtl;lq;fisr;Nru;e;j
rz;Kfk; re;jpud; (jiytu;) (03) 9799 8493
khztu;fSf;Fk; ,lk;ngau;e;J
fk;g`h khtl;lj;jpy; tjpAk; epNtjdh mr;Rjd; (nghJr;nrayhsu;) (03) 9380 1718
khztu;fs; rpyUf;Fk; jw;NghJ
ny.KUfG+gjp (epjpr;nrayhsu;) (03) 9308 1484
,yq;if khztu; fy;tp epjpak;
cjtp tUfpwJ.
jw;NghJ EhWf;Fk; mjpfkhd
mq;fj;jtu;fSld; ,aq;Fk;
,e;epjpak;> rpl;dp kdpj
cupikfSf;fhd jkpou; mikg;G
toq;fpa 25 Mapuk; mT];jpNuypad;
nlhyu;fSld; epjpaKk; 5 Mapuk;
nlhyu;fisr;Nru;j;J nkhj;jk; 30
Mapuk; nlhyu;fis tq;fpapy;
epue;ju itg;gpypl;L mjd; %yk;
fpilf;Fk; tl;bg;gzj;jpypUe;J
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Nkw;nfhz;LtUfpwJ.
fy;tp epjpaj;jpw;F NkYk; gy
cjtpNfhUk; tpz;zg;gq;fs;
ghjpf;fg;gl;l khztu;fsplkpUe;J
fpilf;fg;ngw;Ws;sJ.
cjt tpUk;Gk; md;gu;fSf;F
fy;tp epjpak; cUf;fkhd
Ntz;LNfhis tpLf;fpd;wJ>
epjpaj;jpd; ,izaj;jsk;: www.
csefund.org
md;gu;fs; epjpaj;jpd; gzpfis
nraw;jpl;lq;fis ,e;j
,izaj;jsj;jpy; ghu;itaplKbAk;.
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Kjyhd epfo;r;rpfs; vjpu;tUk; 24-
16 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
Njhw;wJjhd; rupj;jpuk;
ntd;wnjy;yhk; ntWk; rk;gtk;
v];. kNdhuQ;rd;
“,d;W vk; Kd;Nd gy Nfs;tpfs;
cz;L. gpughfudhy; jd;idf; fhg;ghw;w
Kbahky; NghdJ vg;gb? mtuhy;
kf;fisf; fhg;ghw;w Kbahky; NghdJ
vt;thW? mtUila Nghuhl;lj;ij
mtuhy; ,Wjpapy; ,e;j epiyf;Ff;
nfhz;LNghf Ntz;b te;j fhuzk;
vd;d? ,JNghy Vuhsk; cz;L.
,tw;Wf;fhd gjpy;fs; gpughfudpd;
fle;jfhy nraw;ghLfspYk; mtUila
kdTyfj;jpYNk ,Ue;jd. ,Uf;fpd;wd.
kf;fs; rl;bapy; ,Ue;J mLg;Gf;Fs;Ns
,lk; khw;wg; gl;bUf;fpwhu;fs;.
mt;tsTjhd;. vy;yhtw;iwAk;
jhNd vLj;J jhNd Nghl;Lilj;j
kdpjuhf tuyhw;wpy; khwptpl;lhu;
mtu;. gpughfuNd nrhy;tijg; Nghy
“ntd;why; rupj;jpuk; Njhw;why;
rk;gtk;” vd;w khjpupNa ,e;j
epfo;r;rpfSk; mike;Jtpl;ld.”
vd;Wjhd; KbfpwJ me;j ePz;l
fl;Liu. ,J xU khjj;jpw;F Kd;dH
,e;jpahtpypUe;J ntsptUk; fhyr;RtL
rQ;rpifapy; gpuRukhfpapUe;jJ.
td;dpf;Fs; tho;e;J GypfSld; Neub
gupr;rak; cs;s xUtH Aj;jj;jpd;
,Wjpf;fl;lj;ij jhd; Neubahf fz;l
rhl;rpakhf> ‘td;dpapy; ele;jJ vd;d?
fsj;jpypUe;J XH mDgtg; gfpHT’
vd;w jiyg;gpy; vOjp gpuRupj;jpUe;jhH.
ghJfhg;Gf; fhuzq;fs; fUjp
vOjpatupd; ngaH gpuRupf;fg;gltpy;iy.
trjp fpilj;jhy; ,e;jf; fl;Liuia
vy;NyhUk; thrpj;jy; Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ
vdJ tpUg;gk;. Njdp ,izaj;jsj;jpy;
,jid ,g;nghJk; thrpf;fyhk;.
,e;jf; fl;Liuapd; Kbtpy;
$wg;gl;bUe;j ,uz;L tplaq;fisNa
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vLj;Jf;nfhs;SfpNwd;.
xd;W> filrp Neuj;jpy; vtUk;
epidahg; gpufhukhf> gpughfudhy;
Vd; jd;idAk; kf;fisAk; ghJfhf;f
Kbahky; NghdJ vd;gjw;fhd
gjpy;fs; ‘gpughfudpd; fle;jfhy
nraw;ghLfspYk; mtUila
kdTyfj;jpYNk ,Ue;jd’ vdr;
nrhy;yg;gl;bUg;gJ. ,uz;lhtJ>
‘gpughfuNd nrhy;tijg; Nghy
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rk;gtk;” ’ vd $wg;gl;bUf;Fk;
tplaq;fshFk;.
,jpy; KjyhtJ tplakhd gpughfudJ
fle;jfhyr; nraw;ghLfs; Vd; mg;gb
,Ue;jd? mtH Vd; mg;gbnay;yhk;
ele;J nfhz;lhH vd;gjw;fhd
gjpy;fs; mtuJ kdTyfj;jpy; kl;Lk;
,Ue;jd vd;W $wp ehk; jg;gpf;nfhs;s
KbAkh? gpughfud; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
jd;dpr;irahf nra;jhH kw;nwy;yhUk;
ntWk; jiyahl;bfs;jhd; vd;W
rpe;jpg;gijg;Nghy; klikj;jdk;
NtnwJTk; ,y;iy vd;Nw vz;zj;
Njhd;Wfpd;wJ. gpughfudpd;
cUthf;fj;jpw;Fk; tsHr;rpf;Fk; mtuJ
xl;Lnkhj;j nraw;ghl;bw;Fk; mtUk;
mtuJ jsgjpfSk; kl;Lky;y jkpo;
r%fk; ve;jsT nghWg;Gr; nrhy;y
Ntz;Lk; vd;gJk; ,q;F epl;rakhf
Nfl;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
gpughfudpd; fl;lisapy;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l jdpegH nfhiyfs;
kw;Wk; ifJfs;> jLj;J itj;jy;>
rpj;jpuitij Kfhk;fs; kw;Wk;
rpy jdpg;gl;l tf;fpu nraw;ghLfs;
vd;gd Vd; nra;ag;gl;ld vd;gjw;fhd
gjpy;fs; Ntz;Lkhdhy; gpughfudJ
kdTyfj;jpy; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;
Gypfspd; mgpupkpjkhd tsHr;rp>
gpughfud; vLj;j murpay; KbTfs;>
30 tUlfhy mtuJ xl;Lnkhj;j
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rf;jpfSld; Gypfspd; $l;Lr; NrHf;if>
,e;jpa vjpHg;G> jkpo; r%fj;jpy;
Vida Kw;Nghf;F rf;jpfisAk; mjd;
jiyikfisAk; mopj;jik vd;git
njhlHghd tpilfis gpughfudpd;
kdTyfj;jpy; khj;jpuk; NjLtJ
NgjikahdJ.
Nkw;$wg;gl;litf;fhd tpilfis
,yq;ifj; jkpo; r%fj;jpd;
murpay; Mjpf;fj;ij ifag;gLj;jp
itj;jpUf;Fk; aho;g;ghzpaj;ij
<tpuf;f kpd;wp rKf murpay; uPjpahf
gFg;gha;T nra;tjd; %yk; khj;jpuNk
fz;Lnfhs;s KbAk; vd;Nw ehd;
fUJfpNwd;. mJ kl;Lkd;wp aho;
jkpo; r%fj;jpDs; Ms NtUd;wpAs;s
mjd; mbf;fw;fshd [hjpa
Mjpf;fk;> gpuNjrntwp> Mzhjpf;fk;>
CHthjk;> Raikathjk; (self centrism
) vd;gd vt;thW ,e;j ntw;Wj;
jkpo; Njrpa glhgNlhgj;jpdhy;
,Oj;Jg; NghHj;jp %lg;gl;ld vd;Dk;
tplaKk; KOikahf ntl;bj;
jpwe;J ghHf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. xU
fhyj;jpy; aho;ghzr; r%fj;jpDs;
th;f;fg; nghuhl;lj;ijNa jPz;lhik
xopg;G nghuhl;lk; vd;Dk; [hjp
vjpHg;G Nghuhl;lkhfj;jhd; ahog;ghz
khf;]p];Lf;fshy; elj;j Kbe;jJ.
me;jstpw;F mr;r%fj;jpy; [hjpf;Fk;
tHf;fj;jpw;Fkhd ,ilntsp
Ez;zpajhff; fhzg;gl;lJ.
jkpo; r%fj;jpd; kPjhd ,yq;if
murpd; xLf;FKiw tpahgpj;J
‘jkpo; Njrpa’ tpLjiy vd;Dk;
ngaupy; MAjg; Nghuhlk; tsHe;j
fhyj;jpy;$l “,J estH gs;supd;w
,af;fk;” “me;j ,af;fj;Jf;Fs;s
fz;l rhjpfSk; ,Uf;fpJfs;” Nghd;w
fUj;Jf;fs; aho;g;ghz r%fj;jpy;
kpfr; rhjhuzkhfNt Gsq;fpd. Gypfs;
Vida ,af;fq;fis mopf;Fk;nghJ
“mtq;fs; ntspkhtl;lg;
nghbaisj;jhd; nfhy;Ywhq;fs;.
aho;ghz nghbais nfhy;y ,y;iy”.
“ntspkhtl;l rdpaq;fs;jhd; ,q;if
te;J fz;l ,af;fq;fNshilAk;
NrHe;J fsntLf;fpJfs;” vd;Dk;
msTf;fhd fPo;j;jukhd gpuNjrthjKk;
mq;F rf[khf epytpaJ.
MfNt> Gypfs; vd;gJ jdpnahU
FO> gpughfud; vd;gtH jdpnahU
egH vd;W KbTf;F ehk; tUtJ
mgj;jkhdjhFk;. mg;gbahd KbTf;F
tUtjd; %yk; me;j r%fj;jpDs;
MOikapy; ,Uf;Fk; Mjpf;f
ntwpnfhz;l Nkhrkhd r%f
murpay; Nghf;fpid kPz;Lk; cukpl;L
tsHg;gtHfshNthk;. gpughfud;
rpe;jid> Gypfs; ,af;fr; nraw;ghL
vd;gJjhd; aho;g;ghzpaj;jpd; r%f
murpay; mbj;jsk;. gpughfuDk;
GypfSk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jpa
[dehaf kWg;G> jkpo; r%fj;jpy;
,aq;Fk; rfy mikg;Gfs; kPjhd
nfhLk;gpb> jhk; klLNk rup
kw;nwy;yhk; jtwhdit> gadw;wit>
vdNt mopf;fg;glyhk; vd;fpd;w Raey>
Ra ikathj Nghf;F vd;gtw;iw;
ek; aho;ghzpaj;jpDs; ehshe;j r%f
tho;f;ifapy; gy;NtW jug;gpdupilNa>
gy;NtW jsq;fspy;> gy;NtW juj;jpy;
fhzyhk;.
,jpy; kpf NkhrkhdJ vd;dntdpy;
Gypfspd; murpaYf;F vjpH murpay;
nra;jtHfs;> Gypfspd; [dehaf
kWg;ig tpkHrpj;jtHfs;> mtHfspd;
Clf xLf;F Kiwia fz;bj;jtHfs;>
mtHfspd; kdpj cupik kPwy;fis
fz;bj;J kdpj cupikf;fhf Fuy;
nfhLj;jtHfs; vd vy;Nyhuplj;jpYk;
,e;j aho;g;ghzpaj;jpd; Nghf;Ffs;
fzprkhf ,Ug;gij ehk; fhzyhk;.
mtutH gyk;ngWfpd;w re;jHg;gq;fspy;
vy;yhk; ,e;j ahog;ghzpaj;jpd;
Nghf;if mUtUf;fj;jf;f tifapy;
mtHfSk; ntspg;gLj;jp te;Js;sdH
vd;gJ mUtUg;ghd cz;ikahFk;.
,e;j ahog;ghzpa gpw;Nghf;Fj;jdkhd
Mjpf;fr; nraw;ghl;bd; r%f>
murpay;> kNdhtpay; Nghf;Ffis
rupahf fzpg;gpl KbahJ
mjDld; NkhjpatHfs;; mbj;J
nehUf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. mjd; Nghf;Ffis
ed;F mwpe;jpUe;Jk; mjDld;
NkhjhJ mjw;F xj;J}jp gpd;dH
vy;yhtw;iwAk; rkhspf;fyhk;>
khw;wyhk; vd;W fdTfz;ltHfSk;
Njhy;tpiaj;jhd; jOtpdhHfs;.
ntspapNy Kw;Nghf;F Ngrpagb
mNjNtis cs;Sf;Fs;Ns mNj
ahog;ghzpaj;jpd; xU $whf ,Ue;jgb
mjid epahag;gLj;jpatHfSk; ,d;W
%f;Filgl;L epw;fpd;whHfs;. mjid
epahg;gLj;jp mjw;F rHtNjr r%f
mq;fPfhuk; ngw;Wf;nfhLj;j gyH
mjdhNyNa mopf;fg;gl;Lk; tpl;ldH.
aho;g;ghzpaj;jpd; gpujpgpk;gkhd Gypapr
murpaypy; njhq;fp tpj;ijfhl;b
kpje;J tplyhk; vd fdT fz;ltHfs;
vy;Nyhiuak;$l mJ fbj;J rg;gp
rf;ifahfj; Jg;gpj;jhdpUf;fpwJ.
MfNt Gypfspd; tsHr;rpiaAk;>
nraw;ghLfisAk;> Njhy;tpiaAk;
gpughfudpd; kz;ilf;Fs; NjLtij
tpLj;J mjid vkf;Fs;NsNa
Njbdhy;jhd; mjw;fhd rupahd
tpilfisf; KbAk;. aho;ghzpak;
vd;Dk; mopT ,ae;jpuj;jpd; $upa
gw;fshf nraw;gl;L mjdhNyNa
fbj;Jf; Fjwg;gl;ltHfs;jhd;
gpughfuDk; mtuJ jsgjpfSk;
mtuJ JjpghbfSk; vd;gNj
cz;ik vdNt vy;yhg;
gopiaAk; gpughfudpdJk; mtuJ
$l;lhspfspdJk; jiyNky;
Rkj;jptpl;L aho;ghzpak; GJNt\
j;NjhL GJf;Nfh\j;NjhL tUtjw;fhf
kPz;Lk; jahuhfpwJ vd;gijapl;L
vr;rupf;ifahf ,Ug;gNj rhyr;
rpwe;jJ.
‘ntd;why; rupj;jpuk; Njhw;why; rk;gtk;’
vdW gpughfud; nrhy;thuhk; vd;W
fl;LiuahsH Kbtpy; $wpapUf;fpwhH.
,Nj Nghd;wnjhU fUj;ij N[.tP.
gP. jiytuhd Nuh`d tpN[tPu
rpiwapy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ $wpajhf
njd;dpyq;if Kd;dhs; N[.tP.
gP. ez;gnuhUtH xUKiw vd;dplk;
$wpdhH. “vkJ Gul;rp Njhy;tp
fz;ljhy; vy;NyhUk; ,jid ‘1971
Vg;uy; fpsHrp’ vd;W nrhy;YfpwhHfs;.
,d;W gyH fl;rpf;F cs;NsAk;
ntspNaAk; tpkHrpf;fpwhHfs;. Mdhy;
mJ ntd;wpUe;jhy; vy;NyhUk; vkJ
ntw;wpapd; fspg;igg; gUfpagb
,JNt khngUk; Gul;rp vd;W
nfhz;lhbapUg;ghHfs;. ntd;why; Gul;rp
Njhw;why; fpsHr;rp” vd;whuhk; Nuh`d
tpN[tPu.
Mdhy; 1971k; Mz;by; kz; ft;tpa
mtuJ Gul;rp 1987y; tpN[tPuTk;
mtUila gpujhd rfhf;fSk; 40
Mapuj;jpw;F Nkw;gl;l kf;fspd;
capHfSk; gwpNghdNjhL gL
Njhy;tpfz;lNj> vg;gb? 1971,y;
,Ue;J 1987tiu mtHfs; jq;fis
kPsha;T nra;atpy;iyah my;yJ
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gbg;gpidfis mtHfs; fzf;fpy;
vLj;Jf;nfhs;stpy;iyah? mtHfsJ
Njhy;tp ,d;Wk; vijf;fhl;b
epw;fpd;wJ? vq;NfNah ghupa jtW
tplg;gl;bUf;fpwJ vd;gijay;yth?
NtupNyNa mOfy; ,Ue;jhy; tpUl;rk;
cUg;gLkh? vd;ghHfNs mJNghy;jhd;.
1971k; Mz;L Njhy;tpf;Fg; gpd;dH>
N[.tP.gP.Ald; ,Ue;J ntspNawpa gyH
gpd;dH mjd; jyikiaAk; mjd;
nfhs;if nraw;ghLfisAk; kpff;
fLikahf tpkHrpj;jdH. mtHfspy;
rpyuplk; ehd; NgrpaNghJ 1971y;
cq;fSf;F vg;gb N[.tP.gp.apd;
nfhs;iffs; nraw;ghLfs; jtwhf
njupatpy;iy? vd;W tpdtpapUf;fpNwd;.
mjw;F mtHfs; “jtWfs;
njupe;jhYk; mg;NghJ vkf;F NtW
khw;W ,Uf;ftpy;iy. xLf;fg;gl;l
kf;fSf;fhf Fuy;nfhLf;Fk;> muRf;F
vjpuhf jhf;fKs;s mOj;jj;ij
nfhLf;Fk; xU ,af;fkhf N[.tP.
gp. kl;LNk ,Ue;jJ.” vd;whHfs;.
“Mdhy; N[.tP.gp.apd; jtwhd
Nghf;Ffs; kf;fis mopTf;Fj;jhd;
nfhz;LNghFk; vd;gij ehk; gpd;dH
mwpe;Jnfhz;Nlhk;. me;jg; nghuhl;lk;
ntw;wp ngwkhl;lhJ vd;gJk; vkf;F
njupAk;” vd;wdH.
Gypfspd; Nghuhl;lKk; mjw;F
nfhs;if tFj;Jf; nfhLj;j
aho;ghzpaj;jpd; Nghuhl;lKk;
ntw;wpngwkhl;lhJ vd;gJ
Muk;gj;jpNyNa Gupe;J
nfhs;sg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. md;W
Kjy; GypfS;F Kz;LnfhLj;J
Mjupj;j jkpo; r%fj;jpd gy
jug;gpdUf;F GypfistplTk;
NtW khw;Wf;fs; epuk;gNt
,Ue;jd. jkpo; kf;fspd; ‘Njrpa
tpLjiyg;” Nghuhl;lj;Jld;
jkpo; r%fj;Jf;Fs;NsNa
GOj;J Kilehw;wnkLj;j
gpw;Nghf;Fj;jdq;fisj; J}f;fpnawpa
Ntz;Lk; vd;Dk; Nehf;fpy; cUthfpa
murpay; nraw;ghLfs; gy ,Ue;jd.
Mdhy; me;j aho;g;ghzpaj;Jld;
xj;Jg;ghb r%f mq;fPfhuk; ngWk;
mw;gj;jdkhd Mjpf;f Mir me;jj;
jug;gpdiu Gyp murpaiy Nehf;fpj;
js;spaJ. kdpj r%fj;ij ntWk;
ke;ijfshf ghHf;Fk; ntwpj;jdk; kpf;f
xU ntw;W kdpjid ,e;j r%fk;
jiytdhf J}f;fp itj;jJ. jtwhd
murpay; nraw;ghLfis Nfs;tpapd;wp
Mjupj;jJ.
,j;jifa gpd;dzpapy; ,e;jg;
Nghuhl;lk; ntw;wpngw;W ‘rupj;jpukhFk;’
vd;w fdTyfpy; mJ jkpo; r%fj;ij
tho itj;jJ. tpijapNyNa
#j;ij tpOe;j ,g;Nghuhl;lk;
ntw;wpaile;jpUf;fhJ vd;gJ jhd;
cz;ik. MfNt mjd; Njhy;tpjhd;
,d;W rupj;jpukhfpapUf;fpwJ. mjd;
Kg;gJ tUlg; ghijapy; mJ
mile;jjhf $wpa ,uhZt ntw;wpfs;
vy;yhk; ,d;W ntWk; rk;gtq;fs;
kl;LNk.
17 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

nrhy;y kwe;j fijfs; ----- 3 Rkhu; IEhW gpujpepjpfs;

vjpu;ghuhjJ
,e;jpahtpypUe;J te;J
jq;fpapUe;jdu;. jpdKk;
,tu;fSld; ciuahl
re;ju;g;gk; fpilj;jJ.

KUfG+gjp
vjpu;ghuhj epfo;Tfspd; rq;fkk;jhd;
tho;f;if. ,e;j trdj;ij vdJ
vOj;Jf;fspy; gy re;ju;g;gq;fspy;
gjpTnra;tjw;F fhy;Nfhs;
,l;lJjhd; ehd; Kjy;Kjypy;
kh];NfhTf;F nry;tjw;fhf
tpkhdk; Vwpa rk;gtk;.
thdj;jpy; gwf;Fk; tpkhdq;fis
ghu;j;J tpae;j gUtj;jpy; vq;fs;
CUf;F rkPgkhf fl;Lehaf;fh vd;w
Cupy; ru;tNjr tpkhdepiyak;
1965 Mk; Mz;L mg;Nghija
gpujku; ll;ypNrdehaf;fhtpdhy;
jpwe;Jitf;fg;gl;lNghJ me;j
tpohitg;ghu;f;f ghlrhiy
ez;gu;fSld; nrd;wpUf;fpd;Nwd;.
md;Wjhd; vd; tho;ehspy;
Kjy;jlitahf xU tpkhd
epiyaj;ijAk; ghu;j;Njd;.
mjd; gpwF gy jlitfs;
mq;F nrd;wpUe;jhYk; tpkhdk;
VWtjw;fhf my;y> ahiuahtJ
INuhg;ghTf;Nfh kj;jpa fpof;fpw;Nfh
,e;jpahTf;Nfh topaDg;gj;jhd;
te;jpUg;Ngd;.
mtu;fs; Vwpa tpkhdk;
XLghijapy; xU Rw;Wr;Rw;wpte;J
NkNy Vwp gwf;fj;njhlq;fp
fz;zpypUe;J kiwAk; tiuapy;
gutrj;Jld; ghu;j;j gpd;Gjhd; tPL
jpUk;GNtd;. mg;nghOJ kdjpy;
Vf;fk; FbNaWk;. vdf;Fk; mg;gb
xU tpkhdg;gazk; vg;NghJ
rpj;jpf;Fk; vd;gJjhd; me;j Vf;fk;.
tPuNfrupapy; cjtp Mrpupauhf
gzpahw;wpf;nfhz;bUe;j
(1985) Ntisapy; xU
kjpak; nfhOk;gpypUf;Fk;
Nrhtpaj; u\;ahtpd; jfty;
gpuptpy; gzpahw;wpa ez;gu;
uh[FNye;jpudplkpUe;J njhiyNgrp
miog;G te;jJ.
“ ckf;F ,uz;L thuk; yPT
vLf;f KbAkh? kh];Nfhtpy;
eilngwTs;s 12 MtJ ru;tNjr
khztu;> ,isQu; tpohtpy;
fye;Jnfhs;tjw;F gj;jpupifahsu;
vd;w Kiwapy; njupthfpapUf;fpwPu;.”
vd;whu; ez;gu;.
vdf;F ek;gKbatpy;iy.
kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; Nfl;L
Cu;[pjg;gLj;jpf;nfhz;l gpd;du;>
“ vd;dplk; flTr;rPl;Lf;$l
,y;iyNa…vd;d nra;tJ?”
vd;Nwd;.
“ jhkjkpd;wp
ru;tNjrgazq;fSf;fhd
flTr;rPl;il vLj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;.
tpiutpy; me;j cyf tpohtpd;
,yq;iff;fhd Njrpaf;FOtpd;
,izr;nrayhsu; Njhou; mG+ A+Rg;
cq;fSld; njhlu;Gnfhs;thu;.”
vd;W nrhd;d ez;gu; njiyNgrp
,izg;ig Jz;bj;Jf;nfhz;lhu;.
gj;jpupif mYtyfj;jpy;
Mrpupau; kw;Wk; epUthf
mjpfhupfSf;nfy;yhk; jfty;
nrhy;yptpl;L flTr;rPl;ilAk;
Jupjfjpapy; ngw;W tp]
hTf;fhf Nrhtpaj; Jhjufj;jpy;
Nru;g;gpj;j gpd;du;jhd;
vj;jidNgu; ,e;jg;gazj;jpy;
,ize;Jnfhs;fpwhu;fs; vd;w
jfty; fpilj;jJ.
mikr;ru;fs;> ghuhSkd;w
cWg;gpdu;fs;> njhopw;rq;fthjpfs;>
murpay;fl;rpfspd; gpujpepjpfs;>
gj;jpupifahsu;fs; vd nkhj;jk;
EhWNgu; me;j ru;tNjr tpohTf;;F
,yq;ifapypUe;J gazkhNdhk;.
me;jf;FOtpy; ehd; xUtd;
khj;jpuNk jkpo;g;gj;jpupifahsd;.
1965 Mk; Mz;L fl;Lehaf;fh
ru;tNjr tpkhd epiya
jpwg;Gtpohtpd;NghJ ehd; fz;l
fdT vjpu;ghujtpjkhf Rkhu;
,UgJ Mz;Lfspd; gpd;dNu
gypj;jJ.
u\;ah> cf;Nua;d;> igNyh u\;ah>
c];ngf;fp];jhd;> f[hfp];jhd;>
N[hu;[pah> m]u;ig[hd;>
ypJNtdpah> nkhy;lhtpah> fpu;fP]
pah> jh[pf;];jhd;> Mu;kPdpah>
JUf;Nkdpah> v];Njhdpah>
Kjypa 15 FbauRfSk;
20 Rahl;rpf;FbauRfSk; 8
Rahl;rpg;gpuhe;jpaq;fSk; 10
Rahl;rpg;gpuNjrq;fSk; nfhz;l
Nrhtpaj; A+dpadpd; jiyefuk;
kh];Nfhtpy;jhd; 156 ehLfspd;
Mapuf;fzf;fhd gpujpepjpfs;
gq;Fgw;wpa me;j ru;tNjr tpoh
njhlu;r;rpahf ,uz;L thuq;fs;
ele;jJ.
,e;j tpohtpy; gq;Fgw;Wtjw;F
miog;G fpilj;j ehspypypUe;J
mq;F nrd;W jhafk; jpUk;Gk;
tiuapy; mLj;jLj;J vjpu;ghuhj
rk;gtq;fisNa juprpj;Njd;.
rPd tpkhdj;jpy; ghk;Gf;fwpAk;
gpypg;igd;]; tpkdj;jpy; jtis
#g;Gk; fpilf;Fk; u\;a tpkhdj;jpy;
gd;wp> khL vy;yhk; fpilf;Fk;
ftdk; vd;W ez;gu;fs; nrhy;yp
gaKWj;jptpl;lhu;fs;.
mjdhy; me;j VNuhGsl;
tpkhdj;jpy; VwpaJNk “
ehd; xU nt[pNlupad;”
vd;W tpkhdg;gzpngz;fsplk;
Kd;ndr;rupf;ifahf
nrhy;yptpl;Nld;. ehL
jpUk;Gk;tiuapy; ghk;G>
jtis> khL. gd;wpf;Fg;gae;Nj
jhtugl;rpzpahfNt tho;e;Njd;.
vq;fSf;fhf xJf;fg;gl;bUe;j
el;rj;jpu me;j];J ngw;w
,];khapNyhth N`hl;lypy;jhd;
Mrpa ehLfspypUe;J te;j
gpujpepjpfs; midtUk; jq;fpdu;.
,e;jpahtpypUe;J fhq;fpu];> [djh>
tyJ-,lJ fk;A+dp];l;> jp.K.f>
m.,.m.jp.K.f> gpuKfu;fs; kw;Wk;
gy fiyQu;fSk; te;jpUe;jdu;.
,e;j N`hl;lypy;jhd; jq;fghY>
rPj;jhuhk ar;#up> kp]h fNzrd;>
Fr;Rg;Gb eldj;jpy; rhjid Gupe;J
fpd;d]; Gj;jfj;jpy; jdJ ngaiu
gjpe;Jnfhz;l rusFkhup cl;gl
re;jpupfhtpd; fztu;
tp[aFkhuzJq;f> A+.vd;.gp.
ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;fs;
mEu g];jpad;> Rdpy;
uQ;rd; [af;nfhb.>
jw;nghOJ mikr;ru;fshf
,Uf;Fk; ge;Jy Fztu;jd>
kfpe;j tpN[Nrfu> kw;Wk;
=yq;fh Rje;jpuf;fl;rp>
etrkh[f;fl;rp> fk;A+dp];l;
fl;rpfisr;Nru;e;j
gpujpepjpfSk; mNj
N`hl;lypy; gf;fj;J
gf;fj;J miwfspy;jhd;
jq;fpdu;.
me;j N`hl;lypd;; czT tpLjpapy;
,yq;ifg;gpujpepjpfSf;fhf
xJf;fg;gl;l ,lj;jpy; vdf;fhf xU
Nkir jdpahf xJf;fg;gl;ljw;Fk;
“ehd; nt[pNlupad;” vd;w
Nfhupf;ifjhd; fhuzk;.
,JTk; vjpu;ghuhjNj.
vq;fSld; te;jpUe;j rpy K];ypk;
,isQu;fSf;Fk; me;j czT
tpLjpf;Fs; gpuNtrpj;jJk; ftiy
te;Jtpl;lJ. mtu;fSf;F `yhy;
,iwr;rp Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; gd;wp
,iwr;rpiaAk; jtpu;f;fNtz;Lk;.
vdNt kw;w gpujpepjpfSld;
xd;whf mku;e;J czT
cz;gjw;F rq;flg;gl;lhu;fs;.
jq;fsJ kdf;Fiwia vkJ
topfhl;bj;Njhou; Njhopauplk;
nrhd;dhu;fs;.
clDf;Fld; gpujpepjpfspd;
Njitfisf;ftdpj;j mtu;fs;>
Jupjkhf ,aq;fp NkYk; xU
ngupa Nkiria vdJ NkirAld;
,izj;J> mjpy; U\;ankhopapy;
nt[pNlupad; Nlgps; vd;w
ml;iliaAk; guprhufu;fs; ghu;f;Fk;
tpjkhf itj;Jtpl;lhu;fs;.
K];ypk; ,isQu;fs; gy
jlitfs; ifnaLj;J Fk;gplhj
Fiwahf mtu;fSf;F ed;wp
njuptpj;jhu;fs;.
NtWk; cjtpfs; Njitg;gl;lhy;
jaq;fhky; NfSq;fs; vd;W
nrhd;d me;j u\;a ehl;L
topfhl;bfs; mLj;jpUe;j jq;fs;
czT Nkirf;Fg;Ngha;tpl;lhu;fs;.
vd;dUNf mku;e;j K];ypk;
,isQu;fSf;Fk; irt czNt
gupkhwg;gl;lJ.
jpdKk; fhiy> kjpak;> ,uT
cupaNeuj;jpy; ehq;fs; me;j
czT tpLjpf;Fr;nrd;WtplNtz;Lk;.
cztpd; gpd;du; gy ,lq;fSf;Fk;
mioj;Jr;nry;yg;gLNthk;.
fz;fhl;rp> ,ir epfo;r;rp> kfhehL>
Cu;tyk;> efu;tyk; vd;W gy
epfo;r;rpfs;. cw;rhfkhf ,Ue;Njhk;.
xU ehs; nts;spf;fpoik.
fhiy czTNtisapy; me;j
kuf;fwpNghrd NkirapypUe;j
K];ypk; ,isQu;fSf;F kw;WnkhU
ftiy te;Jtpl;lJ.
vq;fs; NkiraUfpy; te;j
,yq;if murpay; fl;rpnahd;wpd;
gpujpepjpaplk; rpq;fsj;jpy;
,g;gbr;nrhd;dhu;fs;:- “
,d;iwf;F nts;spf;fpoik.
,yq;ifapypUe;jpUe;jhy;
njhOiff;fhf gs;spthry;
nrd;wpUg;Nghk;. ,e;j fk;A+dp];l;
ehl;by; vd;d nra;tJ.? ”
mjw;F me;j rpq;fs
murpay;thjp> “ ,e;j ehl;by; te;J
mnjy;yhk; vjpu;ghu;f;f KbahJ.
N`hl;lypy; cq;fs; miwapNyNa
njhOJnfhs;Sq;fs;” vd;W
rpq;fsj;jpy; nrhd;dhu;.
mg;nghOJ ehd; kl;Lky;y
mq;fpUe;j vtUNk
vjpu;ghuhjtpjkhf xU u\;a
topfhl;bj;Njhou; vq;fs; Nkirf;F
te;jhu;.
te;jtu; rpq;fs nkhopapy;> “
Njhou;fNs ,q;Nf gs;spthry;
,Uf;fpwJ. ahu; ahu; NghfNtz;Lk;.
nrhy;Yq;fs; mioj;Jg;NghfpNwhk;”
vd;whu;.
ehk; me;j,lj;jpy; %u;r;rpj;J
tpotpy;iy vd;gJjhd; Mr;rupak;.
jkpo;. rpq;fsk;> Mq;fpyk;
cl;gl gy nkhopfSk;
njupe;jtu;fs;jhd; vq;fSf;F
topfhl;bj;Njhou;- Njhopau;fshf
epakpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhu;fs; vd;w
cz;ik mg;nghOJjhd; njupe;jJ.
me;j topfhl;b mq;fpUe;J
mfd;wJk; me;j K];ypk; ez;guplk;
rpq;fs murpay;thjp nkJthfr;
nrhd;dhu;:-“ IN]…,q;Nf
Rtu;fSf;Fk; fhJfs; ,Uf;Fk;.
ftdk;.”
IEhW Mz;Lfhy goiktha;e;j
Gdpj g]py; fjPl;uy; mike;Js;s
kh];Nfh fpuk;spdpy;jhd; Nrhryp]
j;jpw;fhf ghLgl;l Nkij
nydpdpd; nghd;DlYk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
K];ypk;fs; njhOtjw;F
gs;spthrYk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
,e;j Mf;fj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy;
vj;jid FbauRfs; vj;jid
Rahl;rpf;FbauRfs;> vj;jid
Rahl;rpg;gpuhe;jpaq;fs; vd;W
Fwpg;gpl;bUe;Njd;.
me;j Nrh\yp] Nrhtpaj; A+dpad;
,d;W ,y;iy vd;gJk; vjpu;ghuhj
Nj.
18 Austral Asian Voice
vq;fs; gps;isfspd;
fhaq;fis Mw;WNthk;
eNlrd;
Continued from Page ...................... 1
,J aho;g;ghzj;jtu;fspd;
fijjhNd? ,jpy; vd;d GJf;fij
,Uf;fpwJ vd ePq;fs; KZKZg;gJ
vdf;F Nfl;fpwJ. ,dpj;jhd; fij
njhlq;FfpwJ
jq;ifapd; %j;jtDf;F xd;gJ
taJk; rpy khjq;fSk;. kw;w
,uz;L gps;isfSk; VO- Ie;J
taJ rpWtu;fs;. ,e;jf;fhyj;jpy;
jq;ifapd; fztDf;F fdlhtpy;
trpf;f mDkjp fpilj;jgbahy;
kidtpiaAk; Foe;ijfisAk;
fdlhTf;F tUk;gb miog;gjw;fhd
gj;jpuq;fSk; te;jJ.
,g;nghOJ jq;ifAk; FLk;gKk;
nfhOk;G nry;yNtz;Lk;. mjw;fhd
mDkjpia tpLjiyg;Gypfsplk;
,Ue;J ngwNtz;Lk;. ,jw;fhd
mDkjpia mts; mtu;fsJ
mYtyfj;jpy; nrd;W ngwNtz;Lk;.
,J mf;fhyj;jpd; epju;rdkhFk;
mtu;fsJ mYtyfj;jpw;F
nrd;wts; #J thJ njupahky;
gps;isfspd; taij
Gyp cj;jpNahfj;jpdu; Nfl;lNghJ>
'%j;jtDf;F gj;J Mfg;NghfpwJ
kw;wtd;fSf;F VOk; Ie;Jk;
MfpwJ' vd;whs;.
Gyp cj;jpNahfj;ju; ' %j;jtid
,q;Nf tpl;L tpl;L kw;w ,UtiuAk;
$l;bf;nfhz;L fdlh NghfTk;” vd
cj;jutpl;lhu;;
mOjgbNa tPl;Lf;F te;J
mg;Gtplk; ,ijr; nrhy;yptpl;L ‘ehd;
fdlh Nghfg; Nghtjpy;iy’ vd
,Ue;J tpl;lhs;. mtsJ kdepiyia
,q;Nf ehd; tptupf;fhky;
thrfu;fSf;F tpl;LtpLfpNwd;.
,ij ehd; mwpe;jJk; vJTk;
nra;atpy;iy. fhuzk; vdJ
OCTOBER 2009
rNfhjup aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ,Ue;j
epiyapy; nky;Ngz; Gypg;gpuKfu;fs;
cldbahf kw;iwa ,U
Foe;ijfisf; $l tpl Ntz;lhk;
vd kz;Zf;F mwptpj;J tpLthu;fs;.
vdJ kw;iwa rNfhjuu;fSk; mg;Gk;
Nru;e;J eapdhjPitr;Nru;e;j xU
Gypg;gpuKfu; %ykhf Ie;jhapuj;jpy;
,Ue;J gj;jhapuk; fdba
nlhyu;fSf;F Nguk; Ngrpdhu;fs;.
vdJ gj;J taNj epuk;ghj
kUkfd; Vyk; tplg;gLfpwhd;. ,e;j
Vyk; fpl;lj;jl;l xU tUlfhykhf
ele;J nfhz;bUe;jNghJ mtdJ
ey;yfhyj;Jf;F
mtdJ xU fz;zpy; Neha;
jhf;fpaJ. aho;g;ghz itj;jparhiy
itj;jpau;fs;
ifia tpupj;J tpl;L ,ij ePq;fs;
nfhOk;gpy;jhd; Fzg;gLj;jyhk;
vd;whu;fs;.
,jidapl;L NtYg;gps;is
gpughfudplk; fUiz kD
mspf;fg;gllJk; jq;ifapd; tPl;L
gj;jpuj;ij thq;fpf;nfhz;L mtsJ
FLk;gj;ij nfhOk;Gf;F nry;y
mDkjpf;fpwhu;fs;.
jkpo; rpdpkh glj;ij ghu;f;Fk;
ghu;itahsu; Nghd;W ,Ue;j vdf;F
,e;j tplak; Rgkhf Kbe;j NghJ
epk;kjpahf ,Ue;jJ.
,jd;gpwF ,UtUlj;jpd;
gpd;du; fdlh nrd;W Gypfshy;
khtPudhf tpijf;fg;gl ,Ue;j
vdJ kUkfid ghu;j;jNghJ ,e;j
nej;jypg;gapy;thDf;fh gj;jhapuk;
fdbad; nlhyu; vd epidj;Njd;.
TpLjiyg;Gypfspd; rpWtu;
Nghuhspfisg;gw;wp ngupjhf
Ngrg;gl;lJ 2000 Mz;Lfspd;
gpwFjhd;. Vd;idg;nghWj;jtiu
,e;jpad; Mkp NghdTld; Gypfs;
rpWtu;fspy; fz;itj;J tpl;lhu;fs;
vd;Wjhd; nrhy;Ntd;.
,uz;L fhuzq;fs;
1) 1990 y; ,e;jpah ntspNaWk;
NghJ Gypfs; ,af;fj;jplk;
fpl;lj;jl;l 300 gapw;wg;gl;l
NghuhspfNs ,Ue;jhu;fs;
2) nuNyhit mopj;jTld; aho;g;ghz
kf;fs; tpopj;Jf;nfhz;lhu;fs;.
mJtiuAk; Nghuhl;lj;ij jq;fsJ
nrhe;jg; Nghuhl;lkhf ghu;j;jtu;fs;
gpd;G kw;wtu;fSilajhf ghu;f;f
njhlq;fpdhu;fs;. ,Nj Ntisapy;
gpupf;fg;gl;bUe;j Nkw;;F Ngu;ypdpy;
gjpNdO taJf;F fPo;g;gl;l rpWtu;fs;
te;J mfjp vdf;$wpdhy; mtu;fs;
Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLthu;fs; vd rl;lk;
,Ue;jJ. ,e;jr; rl;lj;ij ghtpj;J
gjpNdO taJf;Fl;gl;l rpWtu;fis
VnuhGsl;by; Vw;wp fpof;F Ngh;ypdpy;
,wf;fpdhu;fs;.
,e;j rpWtu;fs; aho;g;ghzj;ij
tpl;L nrd;wJk; Gjpjhf taJ
te;j ,isQu;fs; Gypfspy; Nru
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy.
,e;j ,isQu;fisj; njhlu;e;J
,tu;fspd; rNfhjuu;fs; ngz;fs;
jha; je;ijau; vd ngUk;ghd;ikahd
ahog;ghz nts;shsu; r%fNk
aho;g;ghzj;ij tpl;L ntspNawpaJ.
ntspehLfSf;F cldbahf
NghfKbahjtu;fs; nfhOk;gpy; Fb
GFe;jhu;fs;.
Gypfspd; rNfhju nfhiyr;nrayhy;
aho;g;ghzj;ij tpl;L ntspNawpa
aho;g;ghzj;jtu;fs; ,d;W
ntspehLfspYk; nfhOk;gpYk; Gyp
Mjuthsu;fs; Mf ,Ug;gJ vg;gb?
vdJ ,U jk;gpfSk; kw;Wk;
mg;GTk; $l rhFk; tiu Gyp
Mjuthsuhfj;jhd; ,Ue;jhu;?
Major Raju
Sunil Rex
Kuz;ghLfspd; KO tbtk;jhd;
aho;g;ghzj;jpd; ike;ju;fs;
mk;NgGr rpWtu; epiyaj;jpw;F
nrd;wJk; kio Jhwj;njhlq;fpaJ.
kiyg;gpuNjrj;jpy; nga;Ak; kioia
gyfhyq;fshf jtwtpl;bUf;fpNwd;.
me;j ,aw;if thridia neQ;R
epiwa epug;gpf;nfhz;Nld;.
Rw;Wg;Gwnkq;Fk; mlu;e;j kuq;fisf;
nfhz;l fhl;il ,aw;if muz;fshf
nfhz;lJ ,e;j rPu;jpUj;jg;gs;sp.
,e;j Kfhkpy; ,Ue;J gapw;wg;gl;l
fpof;F khfhzj;jtu;fs; Ik;gJ
NgUf;F Nky; njhopy; gapw;rp
ngw;W kj;jpa fpof;F ehLfSf;F
nrd;Ws;shu;fs;. jw;nghOJ
51 rpWkpfSk; 60 rpWtu;fSk;
,q;Fs;shu;fs;. ,q;F nfhLf;fg;gLk;
czT ,uhZtj;jpdUf;F nfhLg;gJ
Nghy Cl;lrj;Jfis nfhz;lJ vd
mwpe;Njhk;.
,e;j KfhKf;Fg; nghWg;ghd
,uhZt fg;ud; Chanaka
Weerasinghe vq;fis tuNtw;W
Ik;gJf;F Nkw;gl;l Mz; rpWtu;fis
me;j kz;lgj;jpw;F mioj;jhu;.
mJtiuapy; ntspNa epd;wNghJ
xU gjpide;J taJila rpWtd;
te;jNghJ vq;fNshL te;j ez;gu;
rptehjd; Ngrpf;nfz;bUe;Jtpl;L
‘jiytu; gpughfud; kPz;Lk; tUthu;
vd ntsp ehl;L jkpou;fs; nrhy;ypf;
nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwhu;fNs” vd;W
nrhd;dNghJ> me;jr;rpWtd; rpwpJk;
jaf;fkpy;yhky; ‘mtu; Gj;Jf;Fs;
,Ue;J jhd; tUthu;’ vdr;nrhy;yp
rpupj;jhd;. me;jr; rpWtid Njhspy;
if itj;J fl;b mizg;gijj;
jtpu vd;dhy; ve;j thu;j;ijAk;
Ngr Kbatpy;iy. kz;lgj;jpy;
rpWtu;fs; $baJk; fg;ld;
vq;fis tpl;Ltpl;L nrd;Wtpl;hu;
mq;fpUe;tu;fspy %tu;; kl;Lk;
fpof;F khfhzj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fs;
kw;wtu;fs; .td;dp gpuNjrj;ij
Nru;e;jtu;fs;. ghlrhiyfspy;
gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jtu;fis
Continued in Page ......................... 20
19 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
vq;fs;
gps;isfspd;
fhaq;fis
Mw;WNthk;
Continued from Page .................... 19
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,yq;if ,uhZtj;jhy;
ntspf;fl;Lkhdq;fSk;
tsq;fSk; mopf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpLjiyg;Gypfshy; kdpju;fspd;
mfj; jpwikfs; czu;Tfs;
ghjpf;fg;gl;bUg;gij
fle;j [{iykhjk; ehd;
aho;g;ghzk; td;d;p nrd;w
NghJ fz;Lnfhz;Nld;.
,jw;fhd nghUshju cs
mgptpUj;jpia Vw;gLj;j Ntz;b
mT];jpNuypa murhq;fk;
vg;gb cjtyhk; vd mwpf;if
jahupj;Js;Nsd;;. ,ijtpl
ruzile;j Nghuspfspd;
tplaj;jpy vq;fs; jkpo;
la];Nghuh FOtpy; xUtiu
murhq;fk; cs;thq;fpAs;sJ.
me;jg;Nghuspfspd; kd
,ay;Gfis eptu;jpj;jy;
rk;ge;jkhd kNdhjj;Jt
epGzupd; mwpf;ifnahd;iwAk;
nfhLj;J ,e;j tplaq;fspy;
mT];jpNuypa murhq;fj;jpd;
cjtp Njit vd
typAwpj;jpNdd;. ,ijtpl
,e;jpa ntsptptfhu mikr;ru;
continued in page .....................22
21 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
RNjrehl;bak; gj;jpupifAk;
fy;yb NtyDk; (1902 -1915)
NrhNkrRe;jup fpU\;zFkhh;
gFjp 2
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; mr;Rf;fiyapd;
mwpKfKk;> gj;jpupiffspd;
ngUf;fKk;
mr;Rf;fiyapd; mbg;gil
gpujpnaLj;jyhFk;. mjd;
njhlf;fj;jpid ,e;jpa
nkhnfQ;jhNuh -`ug;gh ehfupf
fhy Kj;jpiufSld; njhlHG
gLj;jp Nehf;FtH.(Priolkar,1958:1)
gpujpnaLf;Fk; fiy Kjypy;
tsHe;j ehL rPdhthFk;. fp. gp.
105 ,y; rPdhtpy; fhfpjk; fz;L
gpbf;fg;gl;Ltpl;lJ. fp. gp. Kjyhk; E}
w;whz;L njhlf;fk; %d;whk;E}w;whz;L
tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; rPdHfs;
kug;gbkq;fspy; vOj;Jf;fisAk;
nja;tg;glq;fisAk;nrJf;fp ikiaf;
nfhz;L fhfpjj;jpy; gpujp vLf;Fk;
epiyia mile;J tpl;ldH.
,jid tpl fspkz;> kuk;
Nghd;wtw;wpy;mr;Rf;fis
cUthf;fpAk; gad;gLj;jpAkpUe;jdH.
rPdHfs; mwpe;j fhfpjj;
njhopy;El;gk; fp; gp 12,y; muhgpaH
thapyhf INuhg;ghtpw;Ff; nfhz;L
nry;yg;gl;lJ. (Priolkar,1958 :1)
n[hfhd; Fl;ld;NgHf; 1445,y;
Kjd; Kjyhf iggpspd;
ghfj;ij kpUfj;Njhypy; mr;rpl;L
epiwNtw;wpaikahdJ etPd
mr;Rf;fiyapd; Muk;gj;jpy;
xUKf;fpakhd rfhg;jj;jpid
Muk;gpj;jpUe;jJ. (Priolkar,1958:1)
INuhg;ghtpy; mr;Rf;fiyapd;
mwpKfk; Gul;rpfukhd khw;wq;fSf;F
toptFj;jJ. mr;Rf;fiy mwpit
tsHg;gjpYk;> fUj;Jf;fisg;
gug;GtjpYk;> thrpf;ff;$batHfspd;
rpe;jidiaj; J}z;LtjpYk;>
mgpg;gpuhaq;fis Vw;gLj;JtjpYk;
Mw;wf;$ba gq;fspg;G> vtUk; vspjpy;
Gupe;J nfhs;sf;$baNj.
fPioj;Njrq;fspy; mwpT ehl;lKk;
mwpTg; grpAk; mjpfkhf
,Ue;jnjd;gJ Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;l
tplak;. mr;Rf;fiyapd;
mwpKfk; ,q;F tUtjw;F
,UgJ E}w;whz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng
mnjdpaHfisg; (Guhjd fpNuf;f
ehfupf fhyj;jpy; thoe;j mnjd;];
efuj;jpdH) Nghd;W> ,tHfSk;
vijAk; mwpe;J nfhs;Sk;
eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;ldH.
gj;njhd;gjhk; E}w;whz;bd;
,WjpapYk;> mwpitg; gug;Gtjpy;
NjHr;rp ngw;wtHfs; efHg; Gwq;fspy;
Ntz;ba NghJk;> kpfTk; njhlHGfs;
Fiwe;j fpuhkg; Gwq;fspYk;
njhlHe;J ,j;jifa topKiwiag;
gpd;gw;wp te;jdH vdTk; bf;gp
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sik mtjhdpf;fj;
jf;fJ.(Digby,1875:5)
jkpopy; mr;Rf;fiyapd; Muk;gk;
gw;wpa jfty;fs; ftdj;ij
<Hg;gdthfNt cs;sd.
,e;jpahtpNyNa Kjy; Kjy;
mr;Rthfdj;ij myq;fupj;j
nkhopahf jkpo; tpsq;fpAs;sJ.
jkpo; vOj;Jf;fSf;F mr;R
tbtj;ij Kjd; Kjypy; Mf;fpf;
fhl;batHfs; Nldp\; kjFUkhHfNs.
(Priolkar,1958:11 )
mr;Rf;fiy mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lNghJ>
Kjypy; gioa E}y;fSk;>
Jz;Lg;gpuRuq;fSNk mr;rpl;L
ntspahf;fg;gl;ld. ghuk;gupa
vOJ fUtpfSf;Fg; gof;fg;gl;l
r%fj;jtHfs; kj;jpapy;> ,g;Gjpa
Kiw cldbahf thrpf;Fk;
gof;fj;ij J}z;lf;$bajhf
,Uf;ftpy;iy. kf;fs; mtw;iw
ntWg;GlNdNa ghHj;jdH.
gj;jpupiffs; ntsptuj; njhlq;fpa
gpd;dNu mr;Rg;gjpj;j E}y;fisAk;>
Jz;Lg;gpuRuq;fisAk; thrpf;fj;
njhlq;fpdH. ( Digby,1875:6)
gj;njhd;gjhk; E}w;whz;bd;
Muk;gj;jpy;> ,e;jpah> ,yq;if Mfpa
gFjpfspy; gj;jpupiffs; ntsptuj;
njhlq;fpd. ,g; gj;jpupiffis
mit ntspaplg;gl;l nkhopia
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L> %d;W
tifahfg; gpupf;fyhk;.
1). Mq;fpyg; gj;jpupiffs; ( English
Papers)
2). Mq;fpy – gpuNjr
nkhopg;gj;jpupiffs; ( Anglo –
Vernacular Papers)
3). gpuNjr nkhopg; gj;jpupiffs;
(Vernacular Papers)
1875Mk; Mz;by; ,yq;if>
,e;jpa gFjpfspy; 166 Mq;fpyg;
gj;jpupiffSk;> 382 Mq;fpy-
gpuNjr nkhopg;gj;jpupiffSk;>
gpuNjrnkhopg;gj;jpupiffSk;
ntspaplg;gl;bUe;jd. ,J gpupj;jhdpa
fhydpj;Jt Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpy;>
mur nkhopahf Mq;fpyk; ,Ue;j
NghjpYk;> kf;fspd; njhlHG Clfk;
vd;w tifapy; gpuNjr nkhopfs;
ngw;wpUe;j Kf;fpa gq;fpidr;
Rl;bf;fhl;Ltjhf cs;sJ.
mf;fhyj;jpy; kp\dupahfTk;>
gj;jpupifahsdhfTk;>,yq;ifapYk;
,e;jpahtpYk; njhopw;gl;l
tpy;ypak; bf;gp> mf;fhyj;jpy;
,g;gFjpfspy; ntspte;j> gpuNjrk;
rhHe;j gj;jphpiffisg; gw;wpa
Ma;Tf; fl;Liu xd;wpid
vOjpntspapl;Ls;shH. (Digby, 1875:1-
40) 1875Mk; Mz;by; vOjg;gl;l
,f;fl;LiuNa gpuNjrk; rhHe;j
gj;jpupiffs; gw;wp Kjd;Kjyhf
vOjg;gl;l fl;Liuahf ,Uf;fyhk;.
INuhg;gpa fhydpj;Jt Mjpf;fNk
mr;Rf;fiyapd; cgNahfj;ij
,yq;ifaUf;F mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ.
mnkupf;f kp\dupkhHfs;> fy;tp
tpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L 1820 ,y;
mnkupf;fhtpypUe;J mr;rpae;jpuj;jpid
tutioj;jdH. mjw;fhd
vOj;Jf;fis ,e;jpahtpypUe;J
ngw;wdH. mjw;F ,yq;if Ms;gjp
jil tpjpj;jik fhuzkhf me;j
mr;rpae;jpuk; ey;Y}H NrHr; kp\d;
rigapduplk; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.
mtHfs; me;j ,ae;jpuj;jpd; topahf
‘Kj;jp top’ vd;w Mf;fj;jpid
ntspapl;ldH. me;j mr;rpae;jpuk;
mnkupf;f kp\dupkhHfshy; kPsg;
ngwg;gl;L> 1834Mk; Mz;by;
khdpg;ghapy; gjpg;G NtiyfSf;fhf
];jhgpf;fg;gl;lJ. mtHfNs 1841,y;
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; KjyhtJ gj;jpupif
ahf> ‘cja jhuif’ vdj; jkpopYk;
‘Morning Star’ vd Mq;fpyj;jpYk;
ngaH nfhz;l ,Unkhopg;
gj;jpupifapid ntspapl;ldH.
(NtYg;gps;is>1984:132>
,uhrehafk;>1934:130). ,JNt
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; gj;jpupifj; Jiwapd;
Muk;gkhf mike;jJ.
1853 ,y; itkd; fjpuNtw;gps;is
‘tpj;jpahjHg;gzk;’ (Literary
Mirror ) vd;w gj;jpupifia
ntspg;gLj;jpapUe;jhH. 1862Mk;
Mz;L nrg;nuk;gH khjj;jpypUe;J>
$y;l; vd;gtH ‘Jaffna Freeman’
vd;w Mq;fpyg; gj;jpifiaj;
njhlf;fp elhj;jpte;jhH. mg;gj;jphpif
rpwpJ fhyj;jpy; ntsptuhJNghdJ
(,uhrehafk;>1934:17).
1863Mk; Mz;L ngg;uthp
khjj;jpy; ‘Ceylon Patriot’
(,yq;fhgpkhdp) vd;Dk; Mq;fpyg;
gj;jpupifia> epahathjpahd
(Advocate) (Kd;Fwpg;gpl;l) itkd;
fjpiuNtw;gps;is gpuRhpf;f
Muk;gpj;jhH. 1865 Mk; Mz;by;
rNyhkd; N[hd;gps;is vd;gtH
mg;gj;jphpiff;Fr; nrhe;jf;fhuDk;>
MrphpaUkhdhH. mtUf;Fg; gpd;
epahaJue;juuhfpa M. fjpuNtY> ,jw;Fg; gyfhuzpfs; VJthf
mtH jk;gp M. fdfuj;jpdk; mike;jd.
KjypNahH mg;gj;jpupifia
elhj;jp te;jdH. 1871Mk; Mz;by; 1) mjpf mr;rpae;jpuq;fspd;
`pA+]; (Hughes) vd;gtuhy; ‘Jaffna
tUif- gj;njhd;gjhk; E}
News’ vd;Dk; Mq;fpyg; gj;jpupif
ntspaplg;gl;lJ. ,J rpwpJ fhyj;jpy; w;whz;by; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l
mr;Rj; njhopd;KiwNa 1910 Mk;
ntsptuhJ NghdJ.(Martin, 1922: 218)
Mz;Ltiu tof;fj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ.
1876Mk; Mz;by; ‘rj;jpa Ntj 1921Mk; Mz;by; aho;Flhtpy;
ghJfhtyd;’ vdj;jkpopYk; nghpJk; rpwpJkhf 12 mr;Rf;$lq;fs;
‘Catholic Guardian’ vd ,Ue;Js;sd.(NtYg;gps;is>f.1921@327)
Mq;fpyj;jpYk; ngaH nfhz;l ,it aho;g;ghzj;jpy; mr;Rf; fiy
,Unkhopg;gj;jpupif> fj;Njhypf;f gutyile;jpUe;jijf; fhl;Lk; juthf
kjk; rhHe;j gj;jpupifahf mikfpd;wJ.
ntspte;jJ. (n[arPyd;>1997;:155)
1877,y; ‘,yq;if Nerd;’ ( ‘Lanka 2) fy;tp fw;w tFg;gpdupd;
Snahan’) gj;jpupifAk;> 1880,y;
mjpfupg;G- xU r%fj;jpy; fy;tp fw;w
‘irt cja ghD’ vDk; ngaH
tFg;gpdupd; mjpfupg;G gj;jpupif
nfhz;l gj;jpupifAk;> 1881,y;
thrpg;Nghupd; vz;zpf;ifapy;
‘irtrk;Nghjpdp’ vd;w ifnaOj;Jg;
jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jfpd;w xU
gj;jphpifAk;@ 1882,y; ‘tpQ;Qhd Kf;fpakhd mk;rkhFk;. kuG
tHj;jdp’ vd;w gj;jpupifAk; topf;fy;tpapd; njhlH;r;rpAk;>
ntspaplg;glj; njhlq;fpd. ghlrhiyfspd; cUthf;fKk;
1884Mk; Mz;by; ‘irthgpkhdp’ thrfHfis cUthf;fpapUf;Fk;
vd;w gj;jpupif ty;it ngh. vd;gjpy; re;Njfkpy;iy. vdpDk;
Qhdrghgjpg;gps;is vd;gtuhy; 1910-1911 fhyg;gFjpapy; jhd;
njhlq;fp elj;jg;gl;lnjd mwpa
,yq;ifapy; fl;lhaf; fy;tp
KbfpwJ. (rptNdrr;nry;td;>1974:349)
eilKiwf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.
1885 njhlf;fk; ‘rd;khHf;f Nghjpdp’
mjd;gpd;dH kpfTk; $Ljyhd
vd;w gj;jpupif ntspaplg;glj;
thrfHfs; njhif ngUfpapUj;jy;
njhlq;fpaJ. 1889,y; ‘,e;J rhjdk;’
vjpHghHf;ff; $bajhFk;.
ntspaplg;gl;lJ. 1899 Mk; Mz;L
tiu Mq;fpyk;> jkpo; Mfpa ,uz;L 3) Gifapujg;ghij
nkhopfisAk; nfhzl; ,Unkhopg; Nghlg;gl;lik - 1905Mk;
gj;jpupifahfNt ,g;gj;jpupif Mz;bNyNa aho;g;ghzk; - nfhOk;G
ntspte;jJ. (Martin, 1922: 218) Gifapujg;ghij jpwf;fg;gl;lJ. mjd;
Kd;dH jiutopahd njhlHGfSk;
20Mk; E}w;whz;bd;
fly; topahd njhlHG rhjdq;fSk;
Muk;gj;jpy;> aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
ghtidapy; ,Ue;jd. ngUk;ghYk;
ngUksT gj;jpupiffs;
fly; topg;gpuahzNk aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
ntsptuj; njhlq;fpapUe;jd.
,Ue;J nfhOk;Gf;Fk;> aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
mg;gj;jpupiffSs;;> jpuhtpl Nfhfpyk;>
,Ue;J ,e;jpag;gFjpfSf;Fk;
RNjr ehl;bak;> tpNtfhde;jd;> nry;tjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L
Qhdrpj;jp> ,e;J ghyNghjpdp te;jJ. nfhOk;Gf;Fr;
>tp[aghD> FUre;jpNuhjak;> irt nry;tij tplf; Fiwe;j
#f;Fkhu;f;f Nghjpdp> tp[ayf;Rkp> fhyj;jpy; ,e;jpag;gFjpfSf;Fr;
kfhtp[ayr;Rkp> Mj;kNghjpdp> nry;tJk;> ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J
rz;Kfehjd;> ghy gh];fud; Nghd;w aho;g;ghzj;jpw;F tUtJk;
gj;jpupiffspd; rpy gpujpfisNaDk;
,yFthf ,Ue;jJ. fly; topahf
ngwf;$bajhf cs;sJ. ghy
,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J nghUl;fis
gh];fud; aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
,yq;iff;Ff; nfhz;L tUtJk;
ntspaplg;gl;l KjyhtJ
rhj;jpakhf ,Ue;jJ. mr;Rae;jpu
jpdrupg;gj;jpupif vd;w rpwg;gpw;FupaJ.
rhjdq;fSk; ,t;thW ,e;jpah
,tw;Ws; ‘jpuhtpl Nfhfpyk;’> topahf ,yq;iff;F nfhz;L
‘tpNtfhde;jd;’;> Mfpa gj;jpupiffs;
tug;gl;likf;fhd epahaq;fSs;sd.
,Unkhopg;gj;jpupiffshf
,J aho;g;ghzj;jpy; mr;Rj;njhopy;
ntspte;jitahFk;. NkYk;> NkNyhq;Ftjw;F tha;g;gspj;jJ.
,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; fypAftujd;>
irtghy;a rk;Nghjpdp> Qhdg;gpufhrk;> 4) ,yq;ifapd; Vida
yq;fh Nghd;w gj;jpupiffs;
gFjpfs;> ,e;jpah> kyhah jPgfw;gk;>
ntspaplg;gl;bUe;jd vd;w
Mgphpf;fh vd;gitfspy; Ntiy
jftYk; mwpaf;fplf;fpwJ. gpd;
tha;g;Gf;fisg; ngw;w epiyapy;
nrhy;yg;gl;l gj;jpupiffs; vitAk;
Vw;gl;l gzg;Gsf;f mjpfupg;G-
fpilf;ftpy;iy.
aho;g;ghzj;jtHfs; ,t;thW
aho;g;ghzj;jpw;F ntspNa njhopy;
gFjp 3 tha;g;Gg; ngw;wik gzg;Gsf;fk;
mjpfupf;fTk;> mg;gFjpfspy; jq;fp
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; gj;jpupiffspd; tho;fpd;wtHfs; aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
tsh;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs;
,lk;ngWk; tplaq;fis mwpe;J
nfhs;tjw;fhd cjTk; rhjdq;fshd
,f;fhyj;jpy; ngUksT gj;jpupiffs;
gj;jpupiffs; tsuTk; tha;g;gspj;jJ.
ntspte;jikf;fhd fhuzq;fis
,dq;fhz;gJk; mtrpakhdjhFk;. continued in page .......................... 22
22 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009

Nyhgpapq;
continued from page 20
Nfl;Lf;nfhz;Nld;
,jpy; xU tprpj;jpukhd tplak;
vd;dntd;why;> vdf;Fg;
nra;gtu;fs; Kd;dhy;
nra;ag;glNtz;baJ.
mikr;ru; Kd;dhy;
gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;j xU lhf;lu; my;y. elf;ff;
fpU];zhit nky;Ngdpy; ,uz;liu kzpj;jpahyk; $batplaj;ij
re;jpj;jNghJ ,yq;if mikjpahf ,Ue;jhu;. gpd;G Mjhuj;Jld; vLj;J
murhq;fk; ,yq;if -,e;jpa rpl;dp thNdhyp xd;wpy; te;J nrhy;tJ jhd;
jpl;lj;ij kl;Lky;y 13k; xUtiuj; jtpu kw;wtu;fs; nyhgpapq;.
ruj;Jf;F Nkyhf murpay; vy;NyhUk; xNu Fuypy; ,yq;ifj;jkpou;fspy;
jpUj;jk; nra;Nthk; vd Ngrpajhf $wpdhu;. ghtk; gyu; epju;rdq;fis
thf;FWjp mspj;jjhfTk; lhf;lUf;Nf Fuiyg;gw;wpa Ngrhky; fdTfis
mj;Jld; 100 kpy;yp;ad; jLkhw;wk;. ,tu; tuhky; Juj;jpf;nfhz;L
,e;j tUlj;jpy; jkpou; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy; ,tUf;F 30 tUlq;fshf
kWFbNaw;wj;jpw;F ,yq;iff;F ,yhgkhf ,Ue;jpUfFk;. NtW jpupe;jhu;fs;.
nfhLg;gjhf nrhd;dij xUtu; te;jpUe;jhy; jkpUf;F mJ ,g;nghOJ
mT];jpNuypa ntsptptfhu ed;ikahf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;. nfl;lfdthf khwp
mikr;ruplk; $wptpl;L ,yq;if nyhgpq; vd;gJ kdj;jpy; jkpoiuj; Juj;JfpwJ.
rk;ge;jkhf ,e;jpahNthL Nru;e;J cs;stw;iw ntspg;gLj;JtJ ,ij ,d;Dk; Gupahky; Jhq;Fk; kdeykw;wtu;fshf gyu;
nray;glNtz;Lk;. vdTk; my;y. mJ kdeykUj;Jtk; ,Uf;fpwhu;fNs. vd;d nra;tJ?

RNjrehl;bak; gj;jpupifAk; fy;yb NtyDk;

continued from page . .................... 21
mj;Jld; ,j;jifa gztUtha;
ngw;wtHfs; jkJ ngUikfs;
gj;jpupiffspy; tUtij tpUk;gpdH.
jkJ my;yJ jkJ FLk;gj;jtHfspd;
Rf> Jf;fr; nra;jpfis
gj;jpupiffspy; ntspaplTk; MHtk;
fhl;bdH. ,jd;%Yk; gj;jpupiffs;
tUtha; ngw;wNjhL> gj;jpupiffspd;
tpw;gidAk;; mjpfupg;gjw;F
,lkspj;jpUf;fyhk;.
thrpg;Gg; gof;fk;
tsHr;rpaile;jikAk;> thrpg;gpd;
mtrpak; Ntz;lg;gl;likAk;-
gj;jpupif thrpg;gpd; Njit
,f;fhyj;jpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
ngwj; njhlq;fpapUe;jJ.
ghlrhiyfspy; E}y;epiyaq;fs;
mikf;fg;gl;ld thrfHfSf;fhd
jdpahH thrf epiyaq;fSk;
cUthf;fg;glj;njhlq;fpd.
njhopyhsHfs; kj;jpapYk;
cyftplaq;fis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk;
tifapy; gj;jpupiffs; thrpg;G>
tsHr;rpailaj;njhlq;fpanjd;gJ
nghJthd mgpg;gpuhak;. gpw;fhyj;jpy;>
aho;g;ghzr; RUl;Lf;nfhl;by;fspy;
RUl;Lj; njhopyhsHfSf;F gj;jpupif
thrpg;gjw;nfd;Nw xUth; Vw;ghL
nra;ag;gl;L> gj;jpupiffs; thrpj;jy;
eilngWtijg; gyUk; mwptH. 1900
-1920 fhyj;jpy; aho;g;ghzj;jpy;
RUl;Lj; njhopy; ngUk;
njhopw;Wiwahf tsHe;jpUe;jijAk;>
RUl;Lj; njhopyhsHfs;; njhopw;rq;f
eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;lijAk;>
NtiyepWj;Jq;fs; Nkw;nfhz;L
ntw;wp ngw;wijAk; mwpfpNwhk;.
(R.eh. 20.03.1911). njhopyhsHfSf;F
mLj;j gbahf> trjpkpf;f
FLk;gg; ngz;fSk; fy;tp
tha;g;Gg; ngw;wpUe;jik fhuzkhf>
tPl;by; ,Ue;J nfhz;Nl
gy;NtW tplaq;fis mwpe;J
nfhs;tjw;fhfTk;> nghOJ
Nghf;fpw;fhfTk; gj;jpupifs;
thrpj;jdH. gj;jpupiffspy; rka>
,yf;fpa tplaq;fs; kl;Lkd;wp
cyfpy; ,lk; ngWk; Kf;fpa
tplaq;fSk; vOjg;gl;L te;jjhy;;
mtw;iw mwpaf; nfhLf;Fk;; xNu
njhlHG Clfkhfg; gj;jpupiffNs
mf;fhyj;jpy; njhopw;gl;ld.
5) nghJrd mgpg;gpuhaj;jpd;
ntspg;ghl;Lr; rhjdk; - r%fj;jpy;
fUj;Jf;fis epWTtjw;Fk;
epuhfupg;gjw;Fk; cupa rhjdkhfg;
gj;jpupiffNs tpsq;fpd. Muk;gj;jpy;
rkak; rhHe;j fUj;Jf;fisAk;>
tpkHrdq;fisAk; tpthjq;fisAk;
jhq;fp te;j gj;jpupiffs; gpd;dH>
nkhop rhHe;j tplaq;fisAk;>
gpw tplaq;fisAk; vOjj;
njhlq;fpd. muRf;Fk; kf;fSf;Fk;
,ilapyhd cwT gw;wpa
tplaq;fSk; ,f;fhyj;jpy;
ftdj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gLtjhf tuj;
njhlq;fpapUe;jJ.
1910Mk; Mz;by; ntsp te;j
aho;g;ghzg;gj;jpupifahd tp[ayl;Rkp
gj;jpupifapd; jd;ik gw;wpg; gpd;
tUkhW Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.
‘Gjpdg;gj;jpuk; thrpg;gtH
murpdHf;Fj; jhk; nra;a Ntz;ba
flikfisAk;> jk;rhjpahupd;
epiyiaAk;> gpw rhjpahupd;
epiyiaAk;> mwpfpd;whHfs;.
Gjpdg;gj;jpukhdJ thrpg;NghHf;F
xw;WikiaAk;> Njrhgpkhdj;ijAk;>
kjhgpkhdj;ijAk;>
rhjpagpkhdj;ijAk;>
cz;Lgz;ZfpwJ kl;Lky;yhky;>
vkJ Fiwfis murpdHf;F
tpz;zg;gQ; nra;aTk;
rhjdkhftpUf;fpd;wJ. XH rhjpahupd;
ehfuPfkhdJ mr;rhjpahUl; guTk;
tpj;jpahrhiy> Gjpdg;gj;jpuk;
Kjypatw;whNd ed;F tpsq;Fk;.
MuhAkplj;Jg; Gjpdg;gj;jpuNk XH
rhjpahupd; ehfuPf tpHj;jpf;Fg;
ngUk;ghd;ikAk; VJthapUf;fpwJ.…
’(tp[ayl;Rkp>:10.05.1910)
Nkw;gb $w;wpypUe;J> mf;fhyg;
gj;jpupif MrupaHfs;
Gjpdg;gj;jpupiffs; gw;wpa
mbg;gilahd tplaq;fis>
mwpe;J itj;jpUe;jNjhL mjd;gb
fhupaq;fisr; nra;jpUe;jdH
vd;gijAk; Gupe;J nfhs;s KbfpwJ.
r%f ePjp> epahaq;fs; > mePjpfs;
jdpegHfspd; epahaq;fs;>
xOq;fPdq;fs; Mfpatw;iw
ntspg;gLj;Jk; rhjdq;fshfTk;
gj;jpupiffs; nraw;gl;ld.
murhq;fj;ij Neubahf tpkHrpf;f
Kbahj> my;yJ tpkHrpf;f
tpUk;ghj ,r;r%fj;jtHfs;>
Ml;rpahsHfspd; fPo; flikahw;wpa
cj;jpNahfj;jtHfisj; jkJ
,Wf;fkhd r%ff; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;Fs;
itj;jpUf;f Kide;jdH. mtHfspd;
jd;dpr;irahd Nghf;fpidj; jLf;Fk;
topOiwahfTk; gj;jpupiffspy
vOJjy; fhzg;gl;lJ. me;j
tifapy; gj;jpupiffs; xU gykhd
MAjkhf tsuj; njhlq;fpaJ.
,j;jifa Nghf;F gj;njhd;gjhk;
E}w;whz;bd; gpw;gFjpapy;>
njd;dpyq;ifapYk;> ,e;jpahtpYk;
fhzg;gl;lijAk;> mit
fhuzkhf gy Fw;wr; nray;fs;
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;ld vd;gijAk;
bf;gpAk;,(“the terror to evil-doers”)
Rl;bf; fhl;bAs;shH. (Digby>1875:9 -10)
7)mr;RNtiy xU njhopw;Wiwahf
tsHe;jik - mr;R ,ae;jpuq;fis
mikj;jtHfs;> jkJ tpahghuj;jpd;
gFjp Neuf;fhupakhf> gj;jpupiffis nrhe;jf;fhuH ftpQuhfTk;
ntspaplf;$ba tha;g;Gf;fs; gj;jpuhjpguhfTk;> ,yf;fpa
,Ue;jik> ,j;jifa gj;jpupiffspd; fHj;jhthfTk;> gjpg;ghsuhfTk;
ntspaPl;bw;F ,lkspj;j kw;WNkhH njhopw;glf;$LkhapUe;jJ.
Kf;fpa mk;rkhFk;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; tpthfr; nra;jpfis ntspaply;>
fy;tp fw;Wj; njhopy; tha;g;Gg; kuz mwptpj;jy;fisg; gjpT
ngw;W ,yq;ifapd; Vida nra;jy;>rkuftpfs; ntspaply;>
gFjpfspy; tho;e;jtHfSk;> cj;jpNahf caHT> cj;jpNahf
ntspehLfspy; nrd;W ,lkhw;wk; Mfpatw;iw
tho;e;jtHfSk; ngw;w gztUtha;> mwpag;gLj;jy; vd;gtw;wpw;Fg;
mtHfs; kj;jpapy; Gjpa fyhrhu gj;jpupiffs; fskhf mike;jd.
milahsq;fis cUthf;fTk;> mJ kl;Lkd;wp> jpUkz tpQ;Qhgdg;
jk;ik me;j];J kpf;ftHfshff; gj;jpuq;fs>; fpUfg; gpuNtr
fhl;bf; nfhs;tjw;Fk;> mr;R tpQ;Qhgdg; gj;jpuq;fs;> jpUkzg;
Clfg;gad;ghLk;> gj;jpupiffSk; ghuhl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fs;> jhk;G+yg;igfs;
mtrpakhapd. ,jdhy; gy Mfpatw;iw mr;rpLk; Kiw
mr;rpae;jpu rhiyfs; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; tof;fj;jpw;F te;jpUe;jJ.
epWtg;gl;bUe;jd. mit ,j;jifa ,we;jtHfspd; me;jpNal;b ehspy;
gjpg;G Ntiyfisr; nra;tJld; fy;ntl;L my;yJ rkuftpfs;
gj;jpupiffisAk; mr;rpLjy; ,aw;Wtpj;J mr;rpl;L ntspapLk;
rhj;jpakhapUe;jJ. mr;rpae;jpur; tof;fKk; Muk;gpf;fg;glbUe;jJ.
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
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





   
   

  
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  
Carnegie Primary School
 
51 Truganini Road
 


Carnegie
  Vic 3163
  Melway 68 H 5
 
 

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




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


23 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
24 Austral Asian Voice OCTOBER 2009
24 Austral Asian Voice | MAY 2009