Desigualdades
b y b < c , entonces a < c b , entonces a + c < b + c b y c > 0 , entonces ac < bc b y c < 0 , entonces ac > bc b y c < d , entonces a + c < b + d a < b y 0 < c < d , entonces ac < bd 1 1 7. Si a < b y ab > 0 , entonces > a b
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Si Si Si Si Si Si
Valor Absoluto
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
a a a a a 0
a <
a2
ab < a ! b
a a < b b
Exponentes
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Radicales
1. 2.
Logaritmos
1.
bm bn = b m +n
b = b m!n n b
m
b
b
n
1 n
=
=
n
b
n
= N
m n
(b )
m
= b
mn
2.
m
3. 4.
3.
m m
( ab )
!a" #b$ % &
a !
a b
b =
n
ab
= a b
a = m b
m
4.
a b
mn
log b ( N ) = k log b N
log b N = Ln N Ln b
5.
6.
!n
1 = n b
5. 6.
m n
=
1 bn
6. 7. 8.
log b b x = x
b !n =
b log b x = x
a 2 ! b 2 = ( a + b )( a ! b )
4.
a 2 + 2ab + b 2 = ( a + b ) a 2 ! 2ab + b 2 = ( a ! b )
a 3 ! b 3 = ( a ! b ) a 2 + ab + b 2 a 3 + b3
2
( = ( a + b )( a
! ab + b 2
) )
5. 6. 7.
a 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 + b 3 = ( a + b ) a 3 ! 3a 2b + 3ab 2 ! b 3 = ( a ! b )
Frmula cuadrtica
La ecuacin cuadrtica ax 2 + bx + c = 0 tiene como soluciones: x =
!b
b 2 ! 4ac 2a
TRIGONOMETRA
Identidades Fundamentales
1. 2. 3. sen x csc x = 1 cos x sec x = 1 tan x cot x = 1
5. 6. 7.
8.
1. 2. 3. 4.
4.
sen ( x + y ) = sen x cos y + sen y cos x cos ( x + y ) = cos x cos y ! sen x sen y
tan ( x + y ) = tan x + tan y 1 ! tan x tan y
1.
2.
3.
2.
1.
2.
= 1 ! 2 sen 2 x = 2 cos x ! 1
2
3.
tan 2 x =
B c
2 tan x 1 ! tan 2 x
3.
1.
2.
sen 2 x =
3.
a 2 = b 2 + c 2 ! 2 bc cos A b 2 = a 2 + c 2 ! 2 ac cos B
c 2 = a 2 + b 2 ! 2 ab cos C
I + + +
II III IV + + + Angulo relacionado Directo Lo que falta para $ (180o) Lo que se pasa de $ (180o) Lo que falta para 2$ (360o)
sen ! y csc !
" = 45 O =
! 4
" = 60 O = # = 30 O
2
1 ! 1
2 # 1 "
! 3 ! = 6
r ! x
r y r x x y
Cuadrante IC II C III C
sen ( ! ) = sen csc ( ! ) = csc ! ! cos ( ! ) = + cos sec ( ! ) = + sec ! ! tan ( ! ) = tan ! cot ( ! ) = cot !
IV C
Frmulas de Integracin
1. 2. 3.
4.
5.
! ( du + dv ) = ! du + ! dv ! adu = a ! du ! dx
= x +C
u , n ! "1 n+1
n+1 n # u du =
22 .
du u a
2 2
= Ln u +
u2 a 2 + C
23 . 24 .
25 .
" !
"u
a 2 ! u 2 du = u 2 a 2 du =
du u !a
2 2
u 2 a2 u a ! u2 + arc sen + C 2 2 a u 2 u2 a 2 a2 Ln u + 2 u2 a 2 + C
du = Ln u + C u
1 u arc sec + C a a
6.
au a du = +C Ln a
u
Variaciones Trigonomtricas
26 . 27 . 28 . 29 . 30 . 31 .
7. 8. 9. 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 .
18 .
19 . 20 . 21 .
u u ! e du = e + C
sen n u cos u du =
= ! cos u + C
! cos u du = sen u + C
u du = tan u + C u du = ! cot u + C = sec u + C
2
= ! Ln cos u + C = Ln sec u + C
Sustitucin Trigonomtrica
a 2 " u2 a 2 + u2 u2 " a 2 hacer hacer hacer u = a sen ! u = a tan ! u = a sec !
!
" " "
du 1 u = arc tan + C 2 2 a a u +a
du 1 u!a = Ln + C ; u2 > a 2 2 2 2a u+a u !a du 1 a + u = Ln + C ; a 2 > u2 2 2 2a a !u a !u du a !u
2 2
= arc sen
u +C a
" u dv = u v ! " v du
Frmulas de Diferenciacin
d (c) = 0 dx d (x) = 1 dx d d d (u + v ) = (u) + (v ) dx dx dx d d ( cv ) = c ( v ) dx dx d d d ( uv ) = u ( v ) + v ( u ) dx dx dx d vn dx
16 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
15 .
d ( arc cos v ) = dx
d (v ) dx 1 ! v2
17 .
( ) = nv
n !1
d (v ) dx
18 .
d ( arc sec v ) dx
d (v ) = dx v v2 ! 1
7.
19 .
8. 9.
20 .
d d 10 . ( tan v ) = sec 2 v ( v ) dx dx 11 . 12 . 13 . d d ( cot v ) = ! csc 2 v ( v ) dx dx d d ( sec v ) = sec v tan v ( v ) dx dx d d ( csc v ) = ! csc v cot v ( v ) dx dx
21 .
d (v ) d Ln v = dx dx v
22 . 23 . 24 .
20 .
d av dx d ev dx
( )=a ( )=e
Ln a
d (v ) dx
d (v ) dx
d d d u v = vu v ! 1 ( u ) + u v Ln u ( v ) dx dx dx
( )
14 .
d ( arc sen v ) = dx
d (v ) dx 1 ! v2
d 1 d Log a v ) = (v) ( dx v ln a dx