CMGs Reservoir Simulation Technology in 2011

Perth December 6, 2011

Our Business
Reservoir Simulation Software Development Reservoir Simulation Software Licensing Specialized Consulting Services Customized Training Collaborative Research

History
33 Years of Software Development

41 Successive Fiscal Quarters of Profitability First Profit as a Public Company First Positive Cash Flow Initial Public Offering

Established as Research Foundation

Fiscal 1978

1997 1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2008

2009

2010

Employees
136 Professional Staff
31 Doctorate Degree 33 Masters Degree 46 Bachelors Degree

Deployment
72 Research & Development 34 Consulting, Support & Training 20 Sales & Marketing 15 Administrative 6 IT Support

Where We Are
CMG has more than 450 clients in 50+ countries

Calgary, Canada Houston, USA Caracas, Venezuela

London, U.K.

Dubai, U.A.E.

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Head Office - Calgary, Canada

Products
IMEX = 3-phase, 4-components Black Oil Simulator GEM = 3-phase, n-component EOS Compositional Simulator STARS = 4-phase, n-component Thermal/CEOR Simulator WINPROP = PVT Phase Behavior Characterization BUILDER = Simulation Model Creation/Editing RESULTS = X-Y Plots, Grid Visualization & Data Extraction LAUNCHER = File Management & Job Scheduling CMOST = History Matching, Optimization, Sensitivity & Uncertainty Analysis
6

IMEX Uses

Primary recovery
Black Oil & Volatile Oil Dry & Wet Gas Gas Condensate Secondary recovery Waterflooding Polymer Flooding Dry Gas Injection Pseudo-miscible Displacement Gas Storage Abandoned Gas Fields Aquifer Storage

IMEX Uses

Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Gas Oil Gravity Drainage (GOGD) Explicit Modelling of Hydraulically fractured wells with non-Darcy flow & Compaction Frac Packs (short, highly conductive fractures in Unconsolidated reservoirs) Single Plane Fractures (in tight reservoirs) Complex Fracture Networks (in shale reservoirs) Coupled Surface Facilities Branched surface networks using hydraulics tables or FORGAS Looped surface networks coupled to GAP, METTE or Avocet IAM

GEM Uses
Secondary Recovery
Miscible & Immiscible gas injection (CO2, N2, Sour Gas, Flue Gas) in
Continuous, WAG and SWAG modes Gas condensate production with dry/lean gas cycling to recover liquids VAPEX heavy oil recovery (isothermal and thermal)

CBM & Shale Gas Production Multi-component desorption/adsorption, diffusion & coal
swelling/shrinkage

Gas Storage Abandoned Oil Reservoirs (to model light oil/condensate recovery) Tracking gas composition CO2 & Acid Gas Sequestration Oil reservoirs, Saline aquifers & Coal beds (ECBM) Geochemical reactions

GEM Uses

Asphaltene modelling during primary and secondary recovery Precipitation, Flocculation, Deposition & Plugging Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Gas Oil Gravity Drainage (GOGD) in naturally fractured reservoirs CBM & Shale Reservoirs Explicit Modelling of Hydraulically fractured wells with non-Darcy flow & Compaction Single Plane Fractures (Vertical & Horizontal Wells in Tight reservoirs) Complex Fracture Networks ( Vertical & Horizontal Wells in Shale reservoirs) Coupled Surface Facilities Branched surface networks using hydraulics tables and FORGAS Looped surface networks coupled to GAP and PIPEPHASE Coupled Geomechanics GEOMECH

10

STARS Uses
Thermal EOR Hot water flooding Steam flooding & Cyclic Steam Stimulation SAGD & ES-SAGD In-Situ Combustion (LTO & HTO) In-Situ Conversion of Oil Shale (Shell ISC process) Chemical EOR Emulsions, Gels, Foams ASP, SP, ASG (foam surfactant) MEOR LoSAL waterflooding Brightwater polymer flooding Gas Storage Salt Cavern Storage

11

STARS Uses
Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Steam Oil Gravity Drainage (SOGD) in naturally fractured reservoirs Cold Heavy Oil Recovery (CHOPS model built with AITF) Natural Gas Hydrates Geothermal Complex Thermal Wellbore Completions Discretized Wells (transient, segregated flow of steam, oil, gas & water in
single tubing horizontal wells)

FlexWells (transient, segregated flow of steam, oil, gas & water in multiple
tubing, undulating wells)

Coupled Surface Facilities PIPEPHASE Coupled Geomechanics GEOMECH

12

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Input/Output Reservoir Description Other Reservoir (GEM & STARS only) Component (PVT) Properties Rock-Fluid Interaction Initial Conditions Numerical Controls Geomechanics (GEM & STARS only) Well & Recurrent Data

New/Improved features for 2011 listed in RED text

13

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Input/Output
Keyword input files (*.dat) Use of include files in *.dat file supported (*.inc) Use of binary grid file in *.dat file supported (*.bin) Text output files (*.prn) Graphical output files (*.irf/*.mrf file pairs = SR2 files) Streamlines can be generated and saved to SR2 files for display in RESULTS 3D Reduction of SR2 System Output File Size by changing the default precision to "single" (*SR2PREC) Improved Corner-Point grid efficiency (SR2 files index now 64-bit for eliminating previous 22 million cell limit) Improved Corner-Point grid efficiency (eliminated redundant corner point coordinates using *GRID *CORNER (most grids) and *GRIDDEFORM (all grids)

14

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Reservoir Description
Cartesian, Radial & Corner Point Grids 3 Dual Porosity & 2 Dual Permeability options for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Dual Porosity with no refinement in matrix (DP) Dual Porosity with MINC refinement in matrix (MINC-DP) Dual Porosity with SUBDOMAIN refinement in matrix (SD-DP) Dual Permeability with no refinement in matrix (DK) Dual Permeability with SUBDOMAIN refinement in matrix (SD-DK) Multi-level Local Grid Refinement Multiple Rock, Fluid, Aquifer, Initialization & Reporting Sector Regions Empirical Compaction/Dilation with Hysteresis Analytic aquifer models *VAMOD and *VATYPE keywords added to IMEX & GEM for easier creation of elements of symmetry (has been in STARS for years)

15

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Rock-Fluid Interaction
Relative Permeability with Hysteresis Relative Permeability end-point scaling Capillary Pressure with Hysteresis Water-wet & Oil-wet options STARS-Like Endpoint Scaling Option (*SCALING-STARS makes SOIRG the independent variable and SLCON the dependent variable) *SCALING-OLD no longer supported

16

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Initial Conditions
Capillary gravity equilibrium User defined Preserve input Porosity option Capillary Pressure Stabilized Initial Water Saturation Input (*SWINIT) compatible with *DEPTH_AVE Initialization Option

17

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Numerical Controls
Formulations IMPES (IMPECS) Fully Implicit Adaptive Implicit AIMSOL Solver for serial runs PARASOL Solver for parallel runs Shared memory (OpenMP) parallel processing

18

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Wells & Recurrent Data
Full suite of Well and Well-Group Controls Head & Friction loss in Horizontal Wells & Multi-Lateral Wells Trigger Actions provide Conditional Controls for forecasting Group Cyclic Controls for modelling WAG EOR/IOR processes Enhanced Vertical Lift Tables (PTUBE1/ITUBE1) for modelling production/injection well flow to/from surface Surface Manifolds and Pipe Flow Tables for modelling branched networks *AND and *OR conditions in Triggers to allow specification of multiple conditions for a single TRIGGER Voidage Replacement Injection Group (*VRI_GROUP allows ID'ing of injection group for recycling or voidage replacement) Voidage Replacement by Pattern Capability (*VRI_GROUP can now be a "reporting" group) *FRAC added to *WELL keyword to facilitate fractional allocation to well groups and patterns new keyword *LAYERXYZ-METHOD for more accurate calculation of well indices in horizontal wells not aligned with principal axes of grid

19

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Operating Environments & Performance

32-bit & 64-bit Windows for Intel & AMD processors Windows 2000 Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows Server 2008 Microsoft Compute Clusters 64-bit Red Hat Linux 4 & 5 for Intel, AMD & IBM Power5/6/7 processors 64-bit AIX for IBM Power5/6/7 Parallel processing on shared memory hardware and individual cluster nodes

20

Features Common to IMEX, GEM & STARS

Coupled to aided history matching & optimization software

ENABLE from Energy Scitech Ltd. (now owned by ROXAR) MEPO from SPT Group (formerly ScandpowerPT) DMS from Landmark IAM from Schlumberger CMOST from CMG

21

Additional IMEX Features

Input/Output

Flux Sector Reporting option

Reservoir Description

Static Grid Amalgamation (includes re-refine and de-refine) New Dual Continuum Options
Allow use of MINC in matrix of dual perm model (*MINC & *TRANSD > 0) Allow matrix-fracture vertical flow into top & bottom subdomain cells
(*SUBDOMAIN *3DMF )

22

Additional IMEX Features

Component (PVT) Description

3-phase (OG&W), 3-component fluid models

OG&W components CONDENSATE, G&W components VOLATILE OIL, G&W components 3-phase (OG&W), 4-component (OGW&) fluid models with 4th component as: SEAWATER component POLYMER component (with or without gas flow/variation of solution gas) PSEUDO-MISCIBLE SOLVENT component (with or without chase gas) API TRACKING of oil phase (with or without gas flow/variation of solution gas) 2-phase, 2-component fluid models G&W phases; G&W components O&W phases; O&W components 2-phase, 3-component fluid models O&W phases; OW & SEAWATER components

23

Additional IMEX Features

Component (PVT) Description

Shear-rate dependent polymer viscosity *DRSDT option to limit max rate of dissolution of gas in oil phase *DRVDT option to limit max rate of increase of oil in gas phase Improved Crossflow Handling for API Tracking, Solvent and Polymer/Seawater
Models

Improved API Tracking Formulation Undersaturated Oil FVF and Viscosity now allowed with API TRACKING option
(*BOTAPI and *VOTAPI)

Can now enter Rs and Rv versus depth tables (*RST and *RVT) Improved the Condensate Model STC Density calculation (associated with
introduction of *VREFP)

Extended the use of *WATER_FIX feature to non BO models (API, CONDENSATE &
GAS-WATER)

Improved the performance of *WATER_FIX

with API tracking (*WATER_FIX 3)

24

Additional IMEX features

Rock-Fluid Interaction

Non-darcy flow in porous media Leverett J-functions for capillary pressure Enhanced WAG hysteresis rel perm model (i.e.
decreases injectivity with successive cycles) Land-Carlson for gas phase hysteresis 3-phase rel perm table for water phase hysteresis *OILWET rock-fluid model

Trapped oil hysteresis option

25

Additional IMEX features

Numerical Controls

Force the Max Check Test to be satisfied for convergence

(*FORCE_MAXCHK)

Solver Technology improvements (partitioning & parallel

performance)

26

Additional IMEX features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Hydraulically Fractured wells with non-Darcy flow

using Logarithmically-Spaced, Locally-Refined grids for single plane fracs Using LS-LR-DK grids for complex fractures PI Proxy Model (LAYERHFP) for modelling short, high conductivity fracs
(e.g. frac pacs)

Permeability and non-Darcy Correction Factor changeable in

Recurrent Data

Fracture cleanup model Seawater/Scale Buildup Option Coupling to Surface Pipeline Networks using
Flow tables to represent manifolds & simple branched surface pipeline
networks

Surface pipeline network simulators (GAP, FORGAS, METTE, Avocet IAM) Layer-level communication with RESOLVE Completion Lumping option
27

Additional GEM Features

Input/Output

Output of CO2 in various states (supercritical, gas, liquid, soluble, aqueous ions and minerals) Additional *OUTSRF *WELL variables (*CRLWGR, *CRLGLR, *DENW, *VISW, *SALIN, *PH, *MOLALITY, *MINERAL, *DPORMNR, *RFO, *RFG, *RFW, *SGHYS, *SGRHYS, *SGTHY) Output of Phase Compressibilities (new subkeywords for *OUTSRF *GRID and *OUTPRN *GRID for oil, water, gas & total compressibilty; and z-factors of oil & gas) Output of Over/Under Burden Heat Loss Information - *OUTPRN/*OUTSRF *GRID *OBHLOSS & *OUTSRF *WELL *OBHLOSSRATE/*OBHLOSSCUM *OUTPRN *GRID *IMPL must be specificed to output implicitness map

28

Additional GEM Features

Reservoir Description

Dynamic gridding (DynaGrid) Multi-component Palmer-Mansoori Coal Swelling & Shrinkage geomechanics Energy Equation included for Non-Isothermal processes (GEM is thermal!) Cap rock leakage option Fault leakage option when PV < PVCUTOFF sets to 0-por instead of NULL (needed for thermal runs)

29

Additional GEM Features

Component (PVT) Description

EOS Compositional PVT formulation

PR & SRK models Aqueous phase EOS flash calculations Hydrocarbon Solubility in Water Multi-component gas handling Adsorption/Desorption Molecular Diffusion Convective Dispersion Asphaltene Precipitation, Flocculation, Deposition & Plugging T-dependent CO2 Phase behavior TCRIT method for single phase ID implemented

30

Additional GEM Features

Component (PVT) Description

Geochemical Reactions for modelling CO2 Sequestration in Saline Aquifers Aqueous chemical equilibrium reactions

Mineral dissolution and precipitation kinetics

Water properties Vaporization of H2O Correlations for water density & viscosity as functions of T, P & salinity Specification of surface & reservoir condition densities Specification of formation water salinity Specification of injection water composition More accurate correlations for solubility of H2S, N2 & CH4 as functions of T,P & salinity Use of Water Density Correlation specified in FLUID model description for INITIALIZATION

31

Additional GEM Features

Rock-Fluid Interaction

Non-Darcy Flow in porous media Leverett J-function option Capillary Number-dependent Relative Permeability (for high rate gas condensate wells) Enhanced WAG hysteresis rel perm model (i.e. decreases injectivity with successive cycles) Land-Carlson for gas phase hysteresis 3-phase rel perm table for water phase hysteresis *OILWET rock-fluid model

32

Additional GEM Features

Initial Conditions

Initial Temperature Array option

33

Additional GEM Features

Numerical Controls

Error correction algorithms MPFA Multi-Point Flux Approximation for corner point grid skewness TVD Total Variation Diminishing for numerical dispersion Thermal Mode Enhancements - rock heat capacity now consistent with rock compressibility (consistent with STARS and more correct for modelling JouleThompson effect) EOS Cubic Root Interpolation - improved convergence of thermal problems with a component close to its critical point (e.g. CO2 sequestration) Improved Dimensioning and Memory Allocation Changes in Default Numerical Control Settings Dynamic OpenMP scheduling and auto-KMP affinity setting (for improved parallel run times)

34

Additional GEM Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Hydraulically Fractured wells with non-Darcy flow using Logarithmically-Spaced, Locally-Refined grids for single plane fracs Using LS-LR-DK grids for complex fractures Permeability and non-Darcy Correction Factor in Recurrent Data EOS-based Tubing Performance Algorithms Group CYCLIC controls enhanced Coupling to Surface Pipeline Networks using Flow tables to represent manifolds & simple branched surface pipeline networks Surface pipeline network simulators (GAP, FORGAS) Completion Lumping option new system implemented for output of production capacity or flow potential based on BHP of 1 atm (14.7 psia) Output of Well Productivity Index shut well temporarily after 2 failed rate passes instead of terminating run

35

Additional STARS Features

Input/Output

Natural fracture permeabilities Report all effective, all intrinsic, or input (mixed) Restart backward compatibility All versions starting from 2008.10 Added ability to output well steam production in cold water equivalent liquid units as special history variable (*PRODSTEAMR) Added ability to output/view Parasol Class Number to grid (*OUTSRF *GRID *SCLASS) Added ability to trigger a Parasol Classes Report (*OUTPRN *ITER *TSS)

36

Additional STARS Features

Reservoir Description

Dynamic gridding (DynaGrid) Added ability to specify dynamic gridding saturation-difference parameters for each
phase (*SATWAT, *SATOIL & *SATGAS)

Enhanced modelling of thermal processes in naturally fractured reservoirs FRFRAC, FORMINFRAC & SHAPE rationalizes thermal rock-in-fracture concepts Fracture porosity and matrix properties are now entered as intrinsic values (not pseudo
values as before)

when PV PVCUTOFF sets to 0-por instead of NULL, needed for thermal runs Improved calculation of interblock flow due to diffusion and dispersion now done throughout a run (previously only done at start of run) must now override the default value of *PINCHOUT-TOL if model contains cells whose thickness is less than the default values of pnctol

37

Additional STARS Features

Other Reservoir Properties

Empirical Deformation Models DILATION

Temperature dependence (STSMO053) Compressibility of elastic compaction curve

EPCOMPACT
Temperature dependence (STSMO054)

COMPACT_VAR (Tidelands Model) Exponential Porosity PORFORM (*LINEAR and *NONLINEAR) Cell Volume Constraint VOLCONST (*BULK and *ROCK)

38

Additional STARS Features

Component (PVT) Description

K-value compositional PVT formulation Dispersed Component Model - used to model polymers, gels, suspended fines, emulsions and foams Chemical reactions between fluids & reservoir rock Equilibrium Non-equilibrium (user-controlled reaction rate) Solid phase water modelling (i.e. ICE) Shear rate dependent polymer viscosity (thinning & thickening) Variable reaction activation energy P-dependent enthalpies for saturated water P-dependent liquid viscosities Added Tortike et al steam viscosity correlation (*TORTIKE_VG) Added ability to specify blockage in only the water and gas phases (*BLOCKAGE *WG)

39

Additional STARS Features

Rock-Fluid Interaction

Temperature and/or composition - dependent relative permeability Vertical and Horizontal relative permeability Advanced Krel and Pc Hysteresis options for wetting & non-wetting phases Modelling of countercurrent flow Empirical foam model Temperature & Viscosity dependence for molecular diffusion Oil, Water and Mixed Wettability options 3rd Phase Correction for Capillary Pressure Rock-Fluid option *LININTERP is no longer constrained by static dimensioning

40

Additional STARS Features

Initial Conditions

Initialize run from restart Initial conditions from another runs restart record Same or similar grid Useful for expanding component set Added ability to extract initial conditions from an IMEX SR2 file (*INIT_FROM_IMEX)

behavior of *VERTICAL_DEPTH_AVE has changed when *REFDEPTH is in an OVBN region containing no fluids

41

Additional STARS Features

Numerical Controls

All members of a discretized well now fall within the same PARASOL class for enhanced parallel operation (*PPATTERN) A 32-way parallel run was made on a 7 million cell, 7-component combustion case (105 Gb RAM required)

42

Additional STARS Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Semi-Analytic wellbore Model (wellhead to sandface P & T) Electrical resistance wellbore heating model Multiphase current option Cycling well groups Automatically define alternating production and/or injection cycles
(WAG, cyclic steam)

Subkeyword *SOR of *GCONI *MAX

Operate well group on specified SOR (injected steam CWE volume
divided by produced oil volume)

Compositional water recycling No limit to number of well group levels

43

Additional STARS Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Descritized Wellbore Model (wells modelled as part of fluid/heat flow grid for transient fluid/heat flow & segregated fluid flow) Can be defined/changed in recurrent data (e.g. to model movement of
tubing during SAGD well startup operations)

Limited Entry Perforations FlexWell wellbore model (wells modelled with independent grid for more robust and capable modelling of transient fluid/heat flow & segregated fluid flow in complex well configurations like are used in SAGD startup and operational modes) Up to 4 tubing strings that can be re-positioned during with time Well trajectory can undulate between layers

44

Additional STARS Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

FlexWell wellbore model (wells modelled with independent grid for transient fluid/heat flow & segregated fluid flow) Added *REPLACE to allow changing the mode of a stream without losing current
conditions

Added subkeyword *PACKER to allow specification of a fluid flow barrier Added subkeyword *TUBING_INST to allow specification of a tubing string that report
temperature but has no fluid flow

Added subkeyword *MAX_NUSSELT to allow control the limit(s) of the Nusselt number in
radial heat transfer calculations

Added *FCD-ORIF to allow specification of a flow control device based on Orifice flow
between TBG/ANN or ANN/RESVR

Added *FCD-FRIC to allow specification of a flow control device based on friction between
TBG/ANN or ANN/RESVR

Added ability to continue to calculation heat transfer and loss when all streams are closed Output well stream type to RESULTS Graph (e.g. tubing, annulus) Can now be used with *DYNAGRID

45

Additional STARS Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Heater wells Specify heater that corresponds to geometry of a well described by *WELL and *PERF,
etc.

Independent of fluid flow Specify wellbore T or heat rate (total or per-length) Automatic switching between constraint types Output via usual heat stats + special history *HTRWELL Heater wells can now be used with *DYNAGRID

46

Additional STARS Features

Wells & Recurrent Data

Hydraulic pressure table (*PTUBE1) now works in thermal mode *OPERATE streams *BHO, *BHG and *BHW can now used for injection Added subwords *STO and *STI to *GCONI Added subkeyword *VREFP to *GCONI to specification of a reference volume fraction injection target for *GAS or *WATER Added *MONITOR action *AUTOLAYER to allow a production well's shut-in layer to be checked periodically for condtions that would allow re-opening reorganized well performance info to reduce RESULTS indexing/load-time for models with many wells and layers a well completion in a hybrid grid (*REFINE *HYBRID) must be marked as *UNDEVIATED

47

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Geomechanics Module

Single Grid System

Dual Grid System

Geomechanical Grids = Reservoir Grids

Geomechanical Grids Reservoir Grids Geomechanics Cartesian Grids Radial Grids (2D) Corner Point Grids

Cartesian Grids Radial Grids (2D & 3D) Corner Point Grids

Reservoir Flow Any Grids

Element Types

Initial & Boundary Conditions

Displacement Equations
48

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Constituitive Laws
Tresca Model

Displacement Equations

von Mises Model Strain-displacement Relations Mohr - - Coulomb Model

- - Prager Drucker Model

Associated Or Non-associated Flow

Linear Elasticity Constitutive Elasto plasticity Laws Pseudo Dilation Model

Single Surface Model

Nonlinear Elasticity

Elasto Viscoplasticity

Generalized Plasticity Cam Clay Model Plastic Cap Model

- elastic Hyper Model - elastic Hypo

Model von Mises Model Drucker Prager Model

49

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Geomechanics (GEOMECH)

3D FE-based, iteratively-coupled geomechanics module is available for use in GEM and STARS One-way and two-way (iterative) coupling with geomechanics module Porosity can be dependent on deformation Matrix and fracture permeability change due to geomechanical effects can be computed Visualization of grid deformation Independent geomechanics grid (Dual Grid) Arbitrary distributed loads Fluid pressure boundary condition Porosity-dependent geomechanical properties Solid-component-dependent geomechanics properties Pseudo dilation model Undrained option for modelling cases where external forces drive fluid flow GCOUPLING for control over implicitness of iterative coupling between fluid/heat flow and geomechanics Added One-Way Geomechanics Calculation by Post-Processing of Prior Simulation Response

50

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Coupling options allow porosity to be optionally dependent on deformation

f {press, temp, volumetric strain} or f {press, temp, total mean stress}

Default

Matrix and fracture permeability due to geomechanical effects by

Barton-Bandis (fracture) Li and Chalaturnyk (matrix) Table-lookup (matrix)

frs = Fracture opening stress khf = Hydraulic fracture perm kccf = Fracture closure perm krcf = Residual value of fracture closure perm

Barton-Bandis Fracture Perm Feature

51

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Geomechanics Module
Generalized Plasticity model Cohesion, friction angle and dilation angle change with effective plastic strain Added conditions for hardening the cohesion (*COHESHARD) and softening the friction
angle ( *FRANGSOFT) to General Plasticity Constituitive Model

Single Surface Failure envelope Captures main geomechanical behavior under complex stress No numerical instabilities caused by two surfaces Different strengths under different stress paths Allows change in shape/size of failure envelope, tension and cohesion of material

52

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Geomechanics Module
Independent Geomechanics Grid Specify Cartesian/radial; NI, NJ, NK; cell
sizes; depth; nulls

Relate to fluid-flow grid Write to separate SR2 file set Large fluid-flow grid, small geomechanics
grid *GEOM3D

Few restrictions on fluid-flow grid (e.g. LGR is

OK)
Radial, Cartesian or Corner Point Grids OK in fluid/heat flow model Local Grid Refinement OK in fluid/heat flow model Naturally Fractured Reservoir options OK in fluid/heat flow model

Added report on mapping between host fluidflow grid and separate geomechanics grid (*GEOGRID) - *PRINTGEO flag "13"

53

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

2514 2357 2200 2043 1887 1730

Producer 1

Reservoir Grid Types

Producer 1

1573 1416 1259 1102 945

Axi-symmetric
Producer 1

Cartesian

Corner Point

Radial
54

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Element Types

2D Finite Element

3D Finite Element
55

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Boundary Conditions
Essential (Geometric)

Y Near field boundary Far field boundary

Bottom Z

: Simple support : Fixed support

56

Additional GEM & STARS Feature

Boundary Conditions
Natural

POINT LOADS

DISTRIBUTED LOADS

57

New STARS_ME Features

STARS_ME (ME = Micro Emulsion)

A special version of STARS for modelling mechanistic Chemical EOR (cEOR) processes that exhibit microemulsion phase behavior and are sensitive to formation/injection water chemistry and formation mineral composition Winsor Type III micro-emulsion phase behavior exactly as in UTCHEM (July 2009) 3-Phase micro-emulsion relative permeability similar to UTCHEM (July 2009) Mechanistic SP flooding in UTCHEM-like fashion (July 2009) Full coupled water chemistry beyond what UTCHEM currently has (September 2011) Mechanistic ASP in UTCHEM-like fashion (September 2011) Mechanistic Low Salinity Waterflooding (September 2011) Currently beginning beta testing by a few E&P company research groups and UT-Austin UTCHEM experts Has all of STARS main attributes, including ability to handle large models and run in parallel mode Need to add 4th Fluid Phase (i.e. gas) before released commercially

68

BUILDER

69

BUILDER Uses
Menu-driven GUI for simulator KEYWORD creation, editing & display Creates or Imports simulation grids & properties from

Logs in Maps in ZMAP and other formats SGRIDs in RESCUE format

Data QC (range & consistency) Wizards for:

Pattern well creation (single & multiple) Fracd well (LGR) creation Single plane fracs Complex (intersecting pair) fracs Recovery Processes wizards CBM ASP, Asphaltene precipitation, Fines migration Foamy Oil & Insitu Combustion Vertical Lift Table creation Validation Initialization for display of fluids-in-place Visualization of simulator output via RESULTS Graph & 3D

Simulator run and visualization control

Parameterizing of input data for use by CMOST (rel perms & formulas)
70

BUILDER Features

I/O Control GUI

Titles and Case ID Run Time Dimensioning Graphical output type & frequency Text output type & frequency Miscellaneous output Can save grid data in binary format STARS_ME - read/write of STARS_ME data sets without deleting STAR_ME keywords

71

BUILDER Features
Reservoir GUI

Grid Structure & Properties Imports Log/Core data in LAS format Imports 2D contour, fault and well location maps in CPS-3, EARTHVISION, Z-MAP,
RESCUE and ATLAS BOUNDARY formats

Imports corner point grid structure, fault surfaces & properties in RESCUE format from EARTHVISION, GOCAD, PETREL, RC2 & RMS Imports Microseismic Data for use in defining shale well completion Stimulated Reservoir Volumes (SRVs)

72

BUILDER Features
Reservoir GUI

Grid Structure & Properties Creates 2D maps interactively from imported petrophysical data using industry standard
mapping and geostatistical methods

Creates cartesian, radial and corner point grid structure and properties interactively from 2D maps & formulas Creates single pattern grid & structure, grid properties & wells for typical pattern flood well configurations Displays grid and wells in 2D and 3D with interactive cross-sectioning (cartesian & arbitrary) Interactive editing of grid structure and properties values Interactive addition/removal of Local Grid Refinement Interactive sub-gridding (removal of section of grid into new model) Interactive up-layering of grid structure and properties Interactive formula creation and editing for calculating grid properties from other properties in the current and neighboring cells and for delineating PVT/Rock Regions Fault Transmissibility Editing/Display

73

BUILDER Features
Reservoir GUI

Interactive Grid Editing: Joining Blocks Corrects grids from geological modelling packages that may have gaps and non-flush
surfaces which create incorrect barriers to fluid flow

Can join all corners or create joined pillars Easier correction of inconsistent data causing overlapping grid blocks

7,000

8,000

1,976,000
1,976,000 1,977,000 1,978,000

1,977,000

1,978,000

8,000

74

BUILDER Features

Reservoir GUI

Grid Structure & Properties Imports Unit Top and Bottom markers in LAS or generic table
format

Geostatistical modelling capabilities enhanced to include

unconditional simulation and a fractal variogram type

Geological Modelling Task Manager You can use mouse wheel for zooming in 3D view Unlimited user-defined grid properties

75

BUILDER Features
Reservoir GUI

Well Trajectories Imports directional survey data in CPS-3, EARTHVISION, ECL

CONNECT, GOCAD, RMS & RESCUE formats

Creates well paths interactively Well Completions (perforated intervals) Imports well perforation history files in CMG or OFM format (*.ev files) Creates well completions (perforated intervals) interactively Displays wellbore diagrams Pattern well generation wizard
Sectors Aquifers MOD keyword support - new option to retain existing MOD keywords instead of overwriting them, for "certain editing operations"

76

BUILDER Features

Uplayering Wizard

Completely redesigned user interface Improved usability while retaining existing

science

Completely interactive to allow user to

shorten calculation time when an acceptable solution reached

Goals

Preserve structure and geological divisions Reduce required simulation time Combine layers with similar flow properties

77

BUILDER Features
Uplayering Wizard

78

BUILDER Features
Grid Refinement Wizard
New Wizard interface for Grid Refinement ties together a number of different user activities that were scattered about Builder Support for non-uniform refinement added

Can now manually create tartan refinement pattern used by Hydraulic Fracturing Wizard, for example

79

BUILDER Features
Grid Refinement Wizard
Refine Wells

80

BUILDER Features
Grid Refinement Wizard
Non-Uniform Refinement

81

BUILDER Features

Geological Modelling Task Manager

Wizard-like interface element that streamlines a number of steps in creation of a model from geological information

Well trajectories, formation tops, structure maps, etc.

Allows editing of formation top markers via fence diagram Displays well logs Can revisit steps if changes required

82

BUILDER Features
CBM/ECBM Wizard (for GEM)
Able to generate multiple Langmuir isotherms from within Quick CBM Can have different type of initializations as opposed to just User Input in old version Different type of rocks can have different rock properties Capable of performing all needed steps from within the Quick CBM e.g., creating initialization regions, sectors etc.

83

BUILDER Features

CBM/ECBM Wizard (for GEM)

Multiple Langmuir Isotherms Based on:

Whole Reservoir (Quick method) Sectors Rock Compaction/Dilation Regions Rock-Fluid Regions

84

BUILDER Features

STARS Process Wizards

Fines Migration Asphaltene Deposition Foamy Oil Insitu Combustion Alkaline, Surfactant, Polymer (ASP)
flooding

Foam injection with gas foam

model (add 4 components)

Foam injection with liquid foam

model (add 4 components)

85

Foam Flooding Wizard

Foam is composed from a combination of both:
Liquid: water + surfactant Gas: C1, N2, or CO2

Issues to consider while modeling any process including foam are:

Foam Quality Foam Density Foam degradation Foam regeneration Foam Trapping Mobility control/foam blocking IFT reduction Surfactant adsorption/consumption

86

BUILDER Features

Rock-Fluid GUI

Multiple rock-fluid regions Imports ASCII or EXCEL files containing Rel. Perm. & Cap. Press. Data Creates relative permeability data interactively using Corey functions Displays data in table & graph formats Interactive editing of tables and graphs Allows averaging of multiple tables

87

BUILDER Features

Initial Conditions GUI

Multiple initialization regions

Initialization method Gravity-capillary equilibrium User-input saturations & pressures Fluid contact depths

Initial pressure & reference depth

88

BUILDER Features

Numerical Controls GUI

Time-step controls Solution method controls Linear solver controls Parallel processing controls

89

BUILDER Features

Well & Recurrent Data GUI

Well & Well Group Controls Operating & monitoring constraints & targets Interface for Well triggers for IMEX, GEM & STARS enhanced to allow easier attachment of wells from
sectors

now supports conditional Triggers GUI support for new keyword *LAYERXYZ-METHOD
(alternate method for calculating well indices in horizontal wells not parallel to principal axes)

Well & Date Filtering GUI enhanced to allow easier creation of new dates and
setting of search criteria

90

BUILDER Features

Well & Recurrent Data GUI

Well Group Hierarchy Interactive grouping of wells Production/Injection data loading wizard Imports Well or Well Group production and injection
history in OFM or generic column-oriented format

Well and production data import from PPDM databases Vertical Lift Performance Tables Import in table or Eclipse format Generate using internal Wellbore Calculator

91

BUILDER Features

Pattern-based Wells Wizard

Quickly create pattern-based wells Pattern can be 5-spot, 7-spot, 9-spot, single-well (vertical or horizontal) or line drive Pattern centre may be producer or injector Perforations added based on usersupplied conditions

92

BUILDER Features
Hydraulically Fractured Well Wizard (for IMEX & GEM)

Automates local grid refinement to get

grid block size close to fracture width

Automatically calculates Forchheimer

Equation Beta Correction and updates permeability values

Creates single plane fracs for vertical and

horizontal wells

Creates complex (intersection single

plane fracs) for horizontal wells using microseismic data or user-defined Stimulated Reservoir Volumes

93

BUILDER Features
FlexWell GUI (for STARS)

Dialogs for creation and validation of

FlexWell keywords

Easily set up relationships between

Source-Sink and Flex Wells

Create new Source-Sink wells or use existing ones Validate data entered Easily change tubing string length ensures tubing strings are contained within a wellbore branch creates closed PERFs to ensure proper heat loss and friction calculations now supports reporting groups, instrument tubing strings, packers and specification of max Nuselt number event scheduler now available to provide an interface for controlling well status

94

BUILDER Features
Geomechanics GUI

Calculation options Geomechanical rock regions Geomechanics numerical solver controls

95

BUILDER Features

Performance

performance improvements (efficient grid memory usage; background thread on loading; 3D geometry calculation) now supports High-DPI screen configurations

96

RESULTS Graph

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RESULTS Graph Features

X-Y Plots GUI

Interactive plot design with savable templates Multiple Y axes Plot multiple simulator runs & historical production/injection data simultaneously Difference plots Plot commingled production/injection data at any well group hierarchy level Grid property vs Distance plots Import and display of well log and PLT data along well trajectory Display of production/injection data by layer along well trajectory Display of grid property data along well trajectory or between any 2
locations in grid

98

RESULTS Graph Features

X-Y Plots GUI

Repeat plot feature for plot design replication Export of any plotted data to ASCII or Excel files Export well summary report to ASCII or Excel files Export of graphics to industry standard graphics file formats Cut & Paste graphics display to clipboard

99

RESULTS Graph Features

X-Y Plots GUI

Formula editor to permit custom variable calculation and display Partial date ranges can be plotted for wells, predefine well groups and ad hoc well groups Treeview plot & plot-group names can be customized & sorted Fine control of zooming Can add to repeat curves and plots using newly opened SR2 files Attributes of individual curves may be set Data refresh during open session when encountering a FlexWell, Graph now recognizes whether the FlexWell path is the annulus, a tubing string or a concentric tubing support for selecting wells from sectors withne associating wells with "Ad Hoc Groups"

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RESULTS 3D

101

RESULTS 3D Features
2D & 3D Grid Display GUI

Interactive 2D & 3D grid display design with savable templates Multiple templates may be stored and recalled together using new
Workspace capabilities

Display of any static or dynamic grid property

By color-shaded grid blocks By color-coded 2D contours By color-coded iso-surfaces Display of any static or dynamic grid property One time step at a time Animated over multiple time steps Display of dynamic streamline data generated by simulators Time of Flight Injector to many producers Producer to many injectors

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RESULTS 3D Features

2D & 3D Grid Display GUI

Display of phase flux vectors Display of iso-surfaces Display of single or multiphase well production/injection
data in 2D (bubbles) and in 3D (barrels) 3D Grid cutaways using slabs or arbitrary cutting planes STEREO 3D display for desktop and group displays Visual Grid Coarsening (speeds up 3D grid manipulation) support for grids larger than 22 million cells grid coordinates as floats (reduced memory storage) support for new geomechanics grid configuration ("cartesian connect" grid; improved memory usage)

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RESULTS 3D Features

2D & 3D Grid Display GUI

Grid data export to ASCII & EXCEL files Grid data append or export to RESCUE file (for dynamic data display in static modelling or visualization software) Export of static graphics to industry standard graphics file formats Export of animated graphics to series of static graphics files or to AVI movie file Cut and Paste of graphics display to clipboard

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WINPROP

Brand new GUI

105

WINPROP Features
CMG's equation of state (EOS) multiphase equilibrium and properties determination program

Matching laboratory PVT data through regression CCE, DiffLib, CVD & Swelling Generation of PVT data for IMEX, GEM & STARS Generation of geochemical reactions for GEM Simulation of first and multiple contact miscibility A tie-line (method of characteristics) technique has been implemented for MMP and
MME

Asphaltene and wax precipitation modelling Compositional grading calculations Mud Contaminated Samples Analysis Characterizing the heavy ends of a petroleum fluid Lumping of components Phase diagrams

106

WINPROP Features
New GUI for 2011

completely redesigned GUI to facilitate functionality and ease of use data set structure (i.e. the calculation order) is now displayed in a "tree view all data entry windows are displayed within the main program interface User-component data entry dialog now allows specification of properties for
multiple components in one step

Table Import Wizard is now obsolete since tabular data can now be pasted
directly from other sources

QC check plots shown within the data entry windows of component properties vs. molecular
weight

shown within the data entry windows of experimental data vs. pressure for
CCE, CVD and DifLib lab experiments

text and graphical output now displayed within main program window and accessed via a "tree view text output can be exported to Notepad or a text file, and graphs can be printed,
copied to clipboard and saved as JPEG files

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CMOST
CMOST can be used to perform
Sensitivity Analysis (SA) History Matching (HM) Optimization (OP) Uncertainty Assessment (UA)

CMOST works with CMGs reservoir simulators

108

CMOST Technology Overview

Experimental Design Latin Hypercube Design Sobol & Morris method Polynomial Response Surface or Kriging History matching CMG DECE optimization Particle swarm optimization Random search Brute force search Latin Hypercube Design Monte Carlo simulation

Sensitivity analysis

Field optimization

Uncertainty analysis

Distributed computing
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SA Tornado Plot

Simulation Maximum Historical Data Simulation Minimum

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SA Time-series Plot

Historical data Base case Experimental design runs

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SA Proxy Models
Linear Model

y = a0 + a1 x1 + a2 x2 + + ak xk
Reduced Linear Model
Statistically insignificant terms are removed

Quadratic Model

y = a0 + a j x j + a jj x 2 j + aij xi x j
j =1 j =1 i< j j =2

Reduced Quadratic Model

Statistically insignificant terms are removed

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SA Response Surface Verification

Overview of how the response surface model fits the actual simulation results The distance from each point to the 45 degree line is the error/residual for that point. The points that fall on the 45 degree line are those that are perfectly predicted.

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SA Response Surface Statistics (1)

Summary of fit
R-Square R-Square adjusted R-Square prediction Standard error

Analysis of variance
F Ratio Prob > F

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HM Objective Functions

Relative error between simulated and historical data considering

Measurement error Weighting factor

Supports three types of data

Time-series (quantity vs. time) data Property vs. distance data Well log PLT data Fluid contact depth vs. time Calculated using fluid saturation data at each grid block

121

HM Plots

122

HM Plots

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Optimization Objective Functions

Discounted value

Daily cash flow is discounted to NPV Present Date

DV =

Quantity *UnitValue * ConversionFactor t ( 1 DailyInter estRate ) + t = N1

N2

N1 is the number of days from NPV Present Date to the Start Date N2 is the number of days from NPV Present Date to the End Date

Yearly interest rate is converted to daily interest rate

DailyInterestRate = e
Raw simulation result

ln(1+ yearlyInterestRate ) 365

Unprocessed data such as Cumulative Oil SC Use simple formulas to define objective functions Use JScript to define complicated objective functions Use JScript to link to Excel spreadsheet
124

Forecast OPT Plots

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HM & Forecast OPT Parameter Histogram

Shows how many times each candidate value has been used by the optimizer If a candidate value is used in one of the optimal solutions, the bar will be marked using a different color (green) If all candidate values are marked green, it indicates that the effect of this parameter is small If the optimum value is at the boundary, it suggests that extending the range may further improve optimization results

127

HM & Forecast OPT Job Summary

Detailed job info Running jobs can be killed directly here Finished jobs can be rerun to recreate the dataset and SR2 files Quickly view the simulation log file, dataset, SR2 files using Notepad, Builder, Results Graph, and Results 3D Part or the whole job summary table can be copied into Excel for further analysis

128

Uncertainty Assessment Workflow

Proxy-based Monte Carlo Simulation
Run 1 2 3 4 5 PAR N1 N1 N1 N1 N1 SORG 0 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 SORW 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 KROCW NPVw (M$) 0.283 19.94 0.283 19.55 0.183 16.99 0.383 20.61 0.283 18.58 NPVe (M$) 18.47 18.10 16.55 18.48 17.12

Experimental Design

Polynomial Ordinary kriging

Build Proxy Model

Monte Carlo Simulation

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Net present v alue (M$)

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UA Unconditional Monte Carlo Simulation

Prior probability distribution functions of all parameters are used to generate random values in Monte Carlo simulation Unconditional Monte Carlo simulation results can be used to determine P10, P50, P90 predictions

P90 P50

P10

Probability density

Cumulative probability
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UA Conditional Monte Carlo Simulation

PAR=2 Fix one parameter at low, middle, and high values at a time For the other parameters, prior probability distribution functions are used to generate random values Conditional Monte Carlo simulation results can be used to identify potential operating flexibility
0.40 Density
Density Density

0.30 0.20 0.10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

PAR=4

0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

PAR=6

0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Net Present Value (M$)

133

Whats New in CMOST for 2011

Optimization using LH + proxy Restart & Reuse enhancements New UA workflow Improved UA results visualization Cross plots Integration with FORGAS Conditional STOP Keyword Reset Cumulative Calculation Plot Properties Enhancements

135

Optimization using LH + Proxy

Optimization Methods
CMG DECE Particle Swarm Brute Force Search (runs all combinations) Random Search (runs all combinations) Latin Hypercube Plus Proxy Optimization
LH for AHM and OPT has been enhanced via the use of proxy models (polynomial regression & ordinary kriging) to guide the optimization process

136

Optimization Using LH + Proxy

Generate initial Latin hypercube design

Run simulations using the design

Get initial set of training data

Polynomial Ordinary kriging

Build a proxy model using training data Add validated solutions to training data

Find possible optimum solutions using proxy

Run simulations using these possible solutions

No

Satisfy stop criteria? Yes Stop

137

Optimization Using LH + Proxy

Optimization using proxy

Latin hypercube design

138

Optimization Examples

DECE

Kriging Proxy

Polynomial Proxy

PSO

139

History Matching Examples

DECE

Kriging Proxy

Polynomial Proxy

PSO

140

Restart and Reuse Enhancement

The previous versions restart and reuse capability was limited by
No change in parameters No change in objective functions No change in results observers No change in task type and optimization/sampling method

The underlying code has be enhanced to support restart and reuse

Restart from any previous CMOST runs Reuse information among SA, UA, HM, and OP When parameter values are changed When objective functions and observers are reduced When weighting factors for objective functions are changed When new objective functions or observers are added if these objective functions or observers can be calculated from time-series data in the cmr file When task type is changed When optimization/sampling method is changed
141

New UA Workflow

Support for different Uncertainty Assessment workflows

Proxy-based Monte Carlo simulation when model uncertainty is represented by a list of independent uncertain
parameters

Run discrete realizations

when model uncertainty is represented discrete realizations (e.g.
geostatistical realizations or history-matched models)

142

New UA Workflow
Run All Discrete Realizations
This method can be used when model uncertainty is represented by discrete realizations (e.g., geostatistical realizations or history matched models)

24 21 22 20 25

Create discrete realizations that represent model uncertainty Create a parameter that includes these realizations as sample values Sample the uncertain space using all these realizations Run simulation jobs for all these realizations Analyze simulation results to obtain probability distributions

13 10 8 6 5 5

1 90 100 110 120 130 NPV (M$) 140 150 160 170

Count

15

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Improved UA Results Visualization

Improved UA Results Visualization

P10, P50 & P90 percentile values now displayed on PDF and CDF plots uncertain parameter values used in each Monte Carlo simulation are available in distribution tables can create dataset and run simulation from any Monte Carlos simulation results from "Run All Parameter Combinations" workflow available in Objective Function Distributions section

144

Improved UA Results Visualization

PDF plot enhancement

145

Improved UA Results Visualization

CDF plot enhancement

146

Cross Plots

Cross plotting added interactive cross-plots can now be created from *.cmr file when task is
finished OR while task is still running information saved to *.session file for automatic regeneration when *.cmr file is re-opened X-axis fields can include Job ID, Objective Functions, Fixed-date observers, Parameters, Scheduler, and the Computer (execution node) Y-axis can be selected from Objective Functions, Fixed-date observers and Parameters if Base Case or Field History File data are available, they will be shown on Cross Plots using different legends

147

Cross Plot Examples

Identify Trends

FHF Target = 15960 m3

148

Cross Plot Examples

Identify Trends

149

Cross Plot Examples

Adjust ranges of parameters

150

Cross Plot Examples

Identify Relationships

151

Cross Plot Examples

Identify Relationships

152

Cross Plot Examples

Determine Pareto Front

153

Integration with FORGAS

Integration with FORGAS

CMOST SA, AHM, OPT and UA runs can now be made using coupled IMEX/FORGAS or GEM/FORGAS models the user can specify the FORGAS input data to be changed by CMOST in the *.CMM file

154

Integration with FORGAS

CMOST

FORGAS

GEM

155

Conditional STOP on CMM

CMOST can now support the conditional STOP situations where one might have a different STOP time depending on preset conditions. For example if triggers are used to cause the STOP based on some reservoir behavior or if the STOP is as a result of a monitor constraint. If the simulator STOPS before the final STOP keyword CMOST will still calculate the OF values. For HM Error and NPV, CMOST will use the true stop date as the objective term stop date if the former is earlier than the latter. For Raw Simulation Result, CMOST will take the property value that is available at the true stop date.

156

Conditional STOP on Cumulatives

Different cumulative per run based on conditional STOP. CMOST will calculate NPV till the actual simulation final date for each case respectively.

157

Reset Cumulative Calculation

For History Matching you may have periods on measurements where data is unreliable or totally missing. This results with gaps where reliable matching results are separated by bad or no results. In the example below we dont know what happened to water production in the blue section hence we dont wish to use it in our history matching as only the black portions can be trusted.

158

Cumulative Water with missing data

159

Define Separate Time Periods

Break up the time periods where you have good data and create a term for each period. Each period has to start at zero cumulative and be matched by the accumulation for that period NOT the overall cumulative. To do this we need to Reset Cumulative for each term, then each period is basically matched separately thus ignoring the bad period.

160

Reset Cumulative

Here the first time period had reliable data and we set up the term Water1 for this time. The middle portion had unreliable data so we simply leave it out of the Terms and it will not be considered in the matching. The remaining data is reliable and we set up term Water3 for this period as well as RESET CUMULATIVE. Hence we only history match on the good measurements and the bad measurements do not affect the match.

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Plot Properties Enhancements

Run Progress Plots

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Plot Properties Enhancements

Results Observers Plots

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Plot Properties Enhancements

Histograms

164

Some Recent CMOST Applications

CO2 sequestration optimization Flex well optimization ASP history matching and optimization Dynagrid tuning Numerical tuning Robust Optimization under Geologic Uncertainty (SPE 141676)
90 100 110 120

10

165

LAUNCHER

166

LAUNCHER Uses
Project File Management Applications Launching

Local Remote via LSF, SunGrid Engine, & PBS/Torque Remote via Microsoft Compute Cluster

Run monitoring Job scheduler (Windows service) Icon groupings CMG folder viewer CMG cluster

Return to AGENDA

Return to EXISTING PRODUCTS

167

LAUNCHER Uses

CMG Documentation Browser

Access all CMG documentation from Launcher Filtered to manuals and help files by default
Can selectively show other documentation

Group by Product or Release

168

LAUNCHER New Features

Can now be configured to index SR2 files created by the simulators when each job completes (improved loading speed of RESULTS Graph & 3D) Now supports the importing and exporting of job scheduler configurations (facilitates distribution of job scheduler configurtions throughout an organization) Now supports the installation and use of CMG Licensing ELIM in an LSF cluster, and configuration of Dynagrid-aware LSF queues Now supports the installation and use of a CMG Licensing Activation Filter on HPC Now supports STARS_ME as a simulator

169

Licensing New Features

Improved error output 15 and 15 minute "no contact" warning messages Waiting-for license message On-demand diagnostics

170

Current R&D Projects for IMEX

Grid Amalgamation
Complete grid amalgamation

3 Point Scaling of Relative Permeability Improved Parallel Performance Segmented Well Testing /Debugging
Test all aspects of the Segmented Well Model.

Capillary Pressure Term in AIM Algorithm

Include Capillary Pressure effects when calculating AIM stability criterion.

Adsorption in IMEX
Allow Adsorption in IMEX without resorting to a pseudo oil phase

Improve Initialization Speed

Reduce the time required for the Simulator to Initialize

Additional Depth-Ave Initialization Depth Range Option

Option to switch from using mid-point depth range to lowest to highest block corner range without volume weighting in block saturation integration.

Network Model IMEX Integration Network Model IMEX Enhancement

Improve Implicitness of Coupling
171

Current R&D Projects for GEM

Viscosity models by region

Full control of viscosity model parameters by EOS region

CBM initialization
Implement user-input matrix and equilibrium fracture initialization

Rel perm interpolation

Interpolate between2 rel perm tables interpolants could be chemical concentration, temperature, deposited asphaltene, etc.

Water vaporization and GHG enhancements

Improve water vaporization modelling

Geomech maintenance and enhancements Solvent flash/stability test enhancements

Consistent flash for solvent oil systems with LLV behavior

Palmer-Mansoori Enhancement
Implement mods to existing P-M model including array properties and failure pressure

172

Current R&D Projects for STARS

User Requests
Constant-rock-volume porosity formulation Shale Breakage (beta release support) Hydrate (reduce deficiencies; client consultation; documentation; templates) Implement IMEX rock-fluid model Time-dependent gas-lift injection depth in *SAMODEL Steam trap follows location of cell with highest T Steam trap account for all vapourizing components

Parallelization
Geomechanics matrix building

Dynamic Gridding Flexible wellbore

Flexible reference control position Multiple FCD types in a wellbore Withdrawal point anywhere in tubing Use *SAMODEL with multiple tubing strings Option for Dukler-Bankoff (not Drift-Flux) Plot more quantities versus stream length
173

Current R&D Projects for STARS

Rock-Fluid Enhancements
Extend multi-set interpolation to temperature Investigate three-phase Kr/Pc

Aquifer Model
Investigate new thermal aquifer model

Geomechanics Maintenance
Improve convergence of stress-return algorithm Improve convergence in softening regime Test with analytical solutions (ongoing)

Geomechanics Grid Mapping

Extending and contracting grids branch in GEM

Geomech Post-processing Geomech Constitutive Model

Crushing model

Outboard Update
Update STARS data from outboard software during run (e.g. electrical heating; geomechanics).

174

Current R&D Projects for STARS

Micro-emulsion Flooding Prototype (STARS_ME)

Builder keyword and UTCHEM converter support Workshop preparation Investigate adding true gas phase

Water Chemistry Module

Low Sal development Port pH capabilities from STARS_ME

Improved Chemical Modelling

Other chemical feature requests (e.g., shear) Begin merge STARS_ME to STARS

AITF Sand Improvements

Update single-well model for release Merge multi-well Sand module

175

Current R&D Projects for BUILDER/RESULTS

FlexWell GUI
Support for FlexWell REPLACE Keyword Autocompletion User Override Flow Control Device Support

Formulas GUI
Improved formula manager

Geomechanics GUI
Boundary Conditions data entry & visualization

Hydraulic Fracturing Wizard

Parameterization of Builder Hydraulic Fracture Wizard Properties for CMOST

Wells GUI
Trajectory Smoothing

Usability Enhancements
Polygon Selection Messaging Subsystem Refactor View Interaction Panel
176

Current R&D Projects for BUILDER/RESULTS

Large Model Enhancements
Multi-resolution Visualization New 3D Visualization Technology Support for SR2 Single Precision

Segmented Wells GUI

Segmented Wells Block Boundary Keyword STARS_ME GUI STARS-ME Support in CMOST LAUNCHER Launcher Job Status via Status File Data Importer Support for EDITNNC Keyword Support for Gas-Water Datasets Large Array Support Installation & Setup Enhanced Unix Installation Pure MSI Installation Special Release Merge Modules

177

Current R&D Projects for WINPROP

MMP as regression variable

Add MMP as an a valid experimental data type in regression

New Technology GUI

Bug fixes and new development for the new interface

Simulator support
STARS enthalpy and gas viscosity output

Other regresssion enhancements

GOR for each separator stage as regression variables

Activity models for brine

Project to investigate and scope development on activity models

178

Current R&D Projects for GRID Module

SR2 Efficiency
Write new corner-point data to SR2. Coordinate between Grid Module, Builder and Results. Single-precision non-restart SR2 records Write restart to separate SR2 file

Grid Module Maintenance

Enhance *MOD to allow *ARRAY input Generalized *SCONNECT Allow hybrid LGR with natfrac grid type Identify cells next to pinch-out for AIM mask

Corner-point Efficiency
Identify Grid Module operation and requirements Propose new data form from Builder

Upwind (Grid Orientation)

Improve stability for combustion 3D upwind Efficient upwinding coefficients Extend to natfrac grid Investigate timestep size with DynaGrid
179

Current R&D Projects for WELL Module

Segmented Wells Phase I

Complete initial phase I coding, assist IMEX implementation and Builder development, bug fix Phase I code

Trigger enhancements
Trigger on sector values, initial work on triggers for dynamic control of well operations

Segmented Wells Phase II

Well as pipe network, no fully-mixed wellbore assumption, non-tree wells

180

Current R&D Projects for CMOST

Optimization algorithm enhancement Proxy models along production time Robust optimization and history matching General CMOST enhancement Support STARS-ME and other special versions Closed loop reservoir management Reservoir uncertainty reduction through optimization Improved link to geological modelling packages Proxy technique enhancements

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Thank You!

Visit our web site at www.cmgl.ca

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