How Can You Relieve Migraine?

I. Complete the spaces with the correct form of the verb in parenthesis. Use Past Simple or Present Perfect
tense.
You cannot change the nervous system you 1) ________________________ (inherit) from your parents. But
you may be able to prevent migraine attacks from being triggered. By keeping a diary, some people 2)
________________________ (be) able to identify certain foods or circumstances that provoke attacks.
Each persons case is different. Lorraine 3) ________________________ (discover) six months ago that her
migraine attacks 4) ________________________ (match) her monthly cycle. Around mid-cycle, she says,
any excess activity or stimulushard work, heat or cold, loud noise, even spicy foodwould bring on a
migraine attack. So I aim for calm and moderation during this time. Joyce, who 5)
________________________ (endure) migraine attacks for more than 60 years, states, I 6)
________________________ (find) that oranges, pineapples, and red wine immediately provoke a migraine
attack, so I avoid them.
II. Complete the spaces with the correct form of the verb in parenthesis. Use Present Simple tense.
Identifying triggers is not easy because several factors usually 7) ____________________ (combine) to
produce an attack. For example, on one occasion you may eat chocolate with no ill effect, but at another time it
8) ____________________ (give) you migraine, perhaps because of an additional contributing factor.
Even if you are unable to identify or avoid things that trigger your migraine, there are other ways to reduce the
possibility of an attack. An expert 9) ____________________ (recommend) trying to maintain a regular pattern
of sleep seven days a week. If you want to sleep later on the weekend, the specialists 10)
____________________ (recommend) that you get up at the usual time, do something for a few minutes, and
then return to bed. A change in caffeine consumption can trigger a migraine, so try limiting yourself to two cups
of coffee or two cola drinks per day. Since hunger can provoke migraine, avoid skipping meals. Stress, so often
a factor in migraine, is not easy to avoid, but you may be able to find ways to relax, perhaps by adjusting your
schedule, reading the Bible, or listening to soft music.
III. Change sentences 1 10 into negative and interrogative form.
1.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

2.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

3.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

4.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

5.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________?
6.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

7.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

8.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

9.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

10.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

I. Complete the table with the sentences from the text above.
AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT

HAVE / HAS

You

have

VERB (PAST
PARTICIPLE)
taken

COMPLEMENT
the blood samples.

INTERROGATIVE
QUESTION
WORD
How long

HAVE / HAS
have

SUBJECT
you

VERB (PAST COMPLEMENT?

PARTICIPLE)
had
that pain?

NEGATIVE
SUBJECT
The nurse

HAVE / HAS +
NOT
has not (hasnt)

VERB (PAST
PARTICIPLE)
given

FOR / SINCE
Joyce, who has endured migraine attacks for more than 60 years.

Joyce, who has endured migraine attacks since ________________.

COMPLEMENT
the patient a shot
yet.