1.

CANANG GENTEN (NISTA)

INFORM TANGKIH FROM BANANA LEAVES
Materials : Banana leaves Water pacar flower (white, red color) Purple thousand-breed flower Mitir flower Kembang rampe The way to arrange : First, separate the leaves then shape it like tangkih as picture 1.c Next, filled with flowers and kembang rampe

2. CANANG GENTEN INFORM ILUK-ILUK

Materials : Slepan or janur (coconut leaf) Biting (coconut leaf rib splinter sharpened to point) Poros Knife Water pacar flower thousand-breed flower mitir flower kembang rampe The way to arrange : slepan or janur is made to ituk-ituk (iluk-iluk) before. The sum is depending on the number of pelinggih that will be offered to. After finished make ituk-ituk so put the porosan over it, after that arrange it with flowers and kembang rampe.

3. CANANG GENTEN INFORM CEPER

Materials : Janur (coconut leaf) Biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) Flowers (water pacar, mitir, thousand-breed flower, frangipani) Porosan Kembang rampe The way to arrange : First cut the janur to make a ceper, either it is ceper sibakan or ceper bungkulan. Then put the porosan over it and tapak dara mark as the symbol of swastika make it longer, so it can be function as duras. Next sewing it into one with the porosan, after that arrange flowers and kembang rampe over it.

4. CANANG GENTEN INFORM KEMBANG URA

Materials : Banana leaves Flowers Gegiping Banana Fragrant oil Fragrant boreh (meidicinal powder mixed with water) The way to arrange : Separate the banana leaves, then use it as the base to put flowers and kembang rampe also gegiping, banana, and fragrant oil. Then close it with banana leaves again and sewing it using biting/semat. When you will offering it on the graveyard, open all the cover and just place it there. Or pour the flowers over the graveyard. You can open half of the kembang ura cover also then place it on the graveyard. If you offered it in the big tree or big stones, so just open half of the cover.

5. CANANG RAKA (MADYA/SIMPLE)

Materials : Banana, sugar cane, gegiping snack Janur (coconut leaf) Biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) Porosan Flowers Kembang rampe Duras sibakan

The way to arrange : Shaped janur into ceper and duras sibakan. After that put the tapak dara (symbol of swastika) over it, then arrange it with porosan the sewing it using biting/semat. Put banana, sugar cane and gegiping snacks over it and arrange with Duras Sibakan. Put the flowers and kembang rampe over the Duras Sibakan.

6. CANANG RAKA DURAS JAET GUAK AND DURAS SALING SILANG

About : The shape is same with Canang Raka Duras Sibakan just inside is filled with fragrant oil and fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water). If its just filled with fragrant oil so this Canang Raka also called Canang Lenga Wangi (oil that aromatic) Whereas if its just filled with fragrant boreh so its also called Canang Burat Wangi. Lenga Wangi/fragrant oil (oil that aromatic is a kind of oil that made from aromatic roots and aromatic flowers). Burat Wangi/fragrant boreh (boreh that aromatic) is made from sandal wood powder or another wood powder like tropical magnolia, majegau, taru, menyan that aromatic. Materials : Janur for ceper

Biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) Duras jaet guak, duras saling silang Banana / cut Sugar cane / cut Porosan Flowers Kembang rampe Fragrant oil Fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) Gegiping snacks

The way to arrange : Filled the ceper with porosan and tapak dara (symbol of swastika) then sewing it using biting/semat. Also tie 2 tangkihs in front of it. Then filled it with banana, sugar cane, gegiping snack. Put the fragrant boreh or fragrant oil that mixed with kembang rampe over 2 tangkih. After that arrange Duras Jaet Guak or Duras Saling Silang and filled it with flowers. The last, is kembang rampe.

7. CANANG SARI/CANANG BURAT WANGI LENGA WANGI (MAIN)

7.1. Canang Sari container Ceper This Canang Sari container Ceper usually offered when Purnama Tilem (fullmoon newmoon). That is when offered the Daksina in specific pelinggih. Or when offered banten gebogan in temples when piodalan. This Canang Sari is a symbol of Tri Sarira in human body, that is: Angga Sarira (physical body) represented by duras in circle shaped. As the symbol of Cakras (Vishnus mythical weapon) in soft-body. This cakras that passed through by Kundalini (Sidhi power/sakti [supernatural]) to awaken the consciousness unit of human being. After that is Antah Karana Sarira (the cause of body, Atman) represented by aromatic arranged flowers and kembang rampe. So the conclusion is Canang Sari represent the three layers of human body, to offer to Him (Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa). This Canang Sari be based on ceper (square). If this canang offering together or accompanying geebogan so it filled with money as the donation, the sum is up to you.

Materials : Janur (coconut leaf) for Duras banten and tapak dara

Biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) Ceper Fragrant flowers Kembang rampe Fragrant boreh (boreh/aromatic powder) Fragrant oil (aromatic oil) Banana, sugar cane, gegiping snack Porosan

The way to arrange : Same like Canang Raka, just every celemik is fill with one fragrant boreh, one fragrant oil, then arranged with Duras Bunter. Arrange the most fragrant flowers over the Duras Bunter and put kembang rampe on the top.

7.2.

Canang Sari container Tamas Canag Sari container Tamas has function and meaning that almost same with Canang Sari container Ceper, just the based shape is different, Ceper shaped is square but Tamas shaped is circle. This Canang Sari is based on Tamas (circle form). If this Canang offer together or accompanying gebogan so it must fill with money as the donation, the sum is up to you. Materials : Janur (coconut leaf) for Duran Banten and Tapak Dara Sema/biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) Tamas Fragrant flowers Fragrant boreh (aromatic medicinal powder mixed with water) Fragrant oil (aromatic oil) Banana, sugar cane,gegiping snack Porosan The way to arrange : Same like Canang Sari container Ceper, just every celemik is filled with one fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water), then arranged with Duras Bunter. Arrange the most fragrant flowers over the Duras Bunter and kembang rampe on the top.

8. CANANG SARI CONTAINER DULANG (FOOD TRAY)

Canang Sari container Dulang (food tray) generally offer in the formal program. Like in the country program (the officials meeting, seminars, sarasehan, paruman sulinggih, speech by the officials on the lectern, dharma wacana, organization birthday, entertainment programs, official appointment of existing a company, project official appointment, investiture and many more). Also this Canang Sari container Dulang (food tray) generally offer in office, either government office or private. Because in character is settle, offer for everyday so jaro, duras and tamas is making by ental (palm leaves) because ental is well-preserved and long lasting until one year. Until everyday the worker just have to change the flowers, kembang rampe and the rakas. Materials: Sugar cane Fragrant oil (aromatic oil) Kembang rampe Gegiping snack Fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) Banana Flowers The way to arrange : The way to arrange is same like the way to make Canang Sari before. That is: put tamas over the dulang (food tray) that already fill with jaro. Then fill with banana, sugar cane, fragrant oil, base tempelan, gegiping snack. But before it, fill the bottom base with fragrant flowers. The sum is belong to the base and on the top is kembang rampe.

9. BANTEN DANAAN
Materials : Ceper base 2 celemik Sampian plaus Cooked uli snack, in red and white color Cooked bagina snack, in red and white Banana and sugar cane, cover with janur and banana leaves Bantal and tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers), cover with janur and banana leaves Salted peanuts (serundeng), cucumber, kecarum leaves, pelas, bulang or uncooked seaweed 2 tumpeng rice The way to arrange : First, wash the ceper slepan, after its rather dry put it on a plaited mat. Banana and sugar cane put in front (in right side) then fill with bantal. Then arrange with uncooked uli snack. Arrange again with tape and cooked bagina snack over it. Behind, fill with 2 celemek, on of them fill with salted peanuts, the other is fill with kecarum leaves, cucumber, uncooked seaweed and pelas. After that fill sampian plaus, on the top is arranged by flowers and kembang rampe. So Banten Danaan is ready to offer. Generally that banten is make as many as possible, appropriate with the number of pelinggih in Merajan or in Temples. And usually offer when Pagerwesi, Java sunglan, sugian Bali also Galungan.

10. BANTEN SODA (AJUMAN)

Banten Soda usually offer when Piodalan, in Merajan, Sanggah, or in another big temples. Almost all the religion holy days and another Hindus big day always using this kind of Banten. The bottom base is can be dulang (food tray), bokoran, keben or nare. Whatever the base, the contents are same. Materials : Aled Fruits Big tape (sweet made of slightly fermented rice of tubers) Bagina snack, Uli snack, apem, cakes, etc. Soda rice Rerasmen (salted peanuts, salt and chili sauce) Sampian soda Canang The way to arrange : Aled is using as the base, then in front is fill with banana, one stem of sugar cane. Fill big tape over it. Arranged with cooked uli snack and begina snack. Add with another snack like apem, cakes, hunkwe, ketogkol, cerorot, and many more. In the interval of the cakes, also fill with fruits like: apple, zalacca palm fruit, grape, orange, and the other. Behind, fill with rerasmen salted peanuts from ceper slepan sibakan base, also put the ceper that have tangkih duras contain salt and chili sauce over it. If possible complete it with kecarum. Next, also arrange with sodan rice, inform untek 2, container tekir with side dish. After everything is complete, fill the sampian sodan, and flowers. Complete it with some canang.

11. KWANGEN
Kewangen as tool and mean to pray, kwangen also in group as banten. But because the simplicity, so kwangen is common called as banten. Kwangen is a ymbol of Om Kara, which using when we pray/ matur sembah which called Panca Sembah. Materials : Banana leaves Betel leaf, betel lime, and areca nut Sampian kwangen Pis bolong / hole coin Fragrant flowers Kembang rampe The way to arrange : Shape the banana leaves into a kojong (cone). Then fill with betel leaf, betel lime and areca nut which has covered by the betel leaf. Next, sampian kwangen which has lidi (palm leaf rib), embedded with the cone in front the sampian. At the bottom is fill with kembang rampe. Dont forget to put the hole coin.

12. BANTEN SRI KELIKI/CANANG JEMPANI

Banten Sri Keliki is resembled with Banten Sodan, just put inside Tamas. Because the size is small, so it can offer at every pelinggih in the Merajan or Sanggah, or in the Temple. Thats why this banten often called Canang Jempani, because it can place in the small rong pelinggih. Only the sampian is shaped kojong (cone). The way to make : Prepare the materials like: banana, sugar cane, apple, grape, orange, bagina snack, uli snack, apem (rice flour cake), cerorot and many more. Add rerasmen kojong and untek rice also. All the material is arranged nicely. First, put the sugar cane and banana, then fill big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers). Arrange with snacks and fruits. Behind is fill with rerasmen kojong and untek rice. After that arrange the Sampian Sri Keliki which has fill with porosan, flowers and kembang rampe. Note : theres also Canang Jempani/Banten Sri Keliki that isnt use Rerasmen and Untek rice.

13. BANTEN SESAYUT

13.1. Sesayut Sidha Karya Sesayut Sidha Karya is addresses to Demigods. This Sesayut is a form of application for Him in order to everything that we do is bring some result and not find a failure. Human can try but God fixed it. Usually this sesayut is using when there are Panca Yadnya ritual or in private characteristic. In a private scale offer this sesayut in Sanggah Kemulan or Village Temple (Pura Desa). Theres also together with birthday or otonan. Materials : Sesayut skin Segehan in square form Small tumpeng (yellow rice served in cone shape) 4 kwangen Waterlily flowers 2 tulung contain rice Raka-raka (snacks and fruits) Betel leaf and areca nut Sampian sesayut The way to arrange : Sesayut skin is place inside some tray, then put segehan in square form over it. In the center of segehan is fill with small tumpeng. Then in every corner is embed with kwangen, so the sum is 4. The point of tumpeng is embed with a stalk of waterlily flower. Fill the snacks and fruits around also 2 dulang (food tray) with rice which the bottom is based by betel leaf and areca nut. Then, put the Sampian Sesayut over it.

13.2. Sesayut Purna Jiwa Sesayut Purna Jiwa is offer or make itself by someone with aim to determine him/herself. If someone is suddenly cover with worried, misgiving, afraid and frightened without known the problem. So this sesayut is make while begging to Him in order to make him/her soul peaceful, avoid from misfortune and disaster. After offer in sanggah kemulan then place in house pelangkiran. Materials : Sesayut skin 3 bundles of rice Boiled duck egg, divided into 3 Waterlily flower Raka-raka (snacks and fruits) Sampian Nagasari The way to arrange : Place Sesayut skin in the tray. Fill with 3 bundles of rice and boiled duck egg (divided into 3) over it. Embed the waterlily over the rice. Put the raka-raka (snacks and fruit) around then the last is arranged with Sampian Nagasari.

14. BANTEN SARASWATI

Banten Saraswati which common using at Saraswati day is in small Tamas form that so small and simple. This banten is usually offer in lontar-lontar (manuscript of such palm leaves) which place inside some Dulang (food tray). Also on that day banten is offer to the books, and have some ritual. Aim of this admiration is to beg His mercy in His form as the beautiful Goddess, Saraswati. Who guide His mankind from darkness into the brightness. Materials : Tamas Banyan tree leaves Cacalan snack in small-house-lizard form Ituk-ituk Marrow porridge Casuarinas tree leaves Banana, sugar cane, big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers) Uli snack, begina snack Rerasmen container celemik Sampian sesayut Penyeneng cenik The way to arrange : The tamas is fill with 2 banana and 1 stalk of sugar cane. In the center is fill with big tape. Arrange with bagina and uli snacks. Behind is fill with casuarinas leaves, ituk-ituk fill with banyan leaves which has filled with marrow porridge. Then the top is cacalan snack. Accompanying with Segehan Kober. After that theres also Rerasmen, then after everything is complete, fill the penyeneng and Sampian Sesayut in small size.

15. BANTEN PRAYASCITA

Materials : Tray Aled Sampian Nagasari Custom penyeneng (madya) Pebersihan payasan Lis senjata Sampian padma Uli snacks, bagina snacks, apem (rice flour cake), steam cakes, cerorot and many more Big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers), areca nut, sugar cane Rice case from kelongkong Coblong contain dapdap leaves which pound with few water Peras Tulung Sayut (Sorohan Alit/Tebasan Alit) Tabia bun leaves, dapdap leaves and padang lepas Payuk pere contain water mixed with waterlily flower, white-yellow frangipani flower, rose Yellow hulled rice container Tekir Bungkak Nyuh Gading The way to arrange : Prepare the tray, then fill with aled. Arrange the banana, sugar cane, big tape, uli snacks, bagina snacks, apem, steam cakes, cerorot, sumping, and many more over it. Also fill it with fruits like mango, grape, lychee, zalacca palm fruit and many more. Then in behind is fill with Celongkong rice (a circle from janur contain Tri Kona). The base is tabia bun leaves which sum is odd (can be 5,7,9 or 11). Embed the padang lepas and dapdap leaves over the Celongkong rice. Next also fill Sorohan Alit or Tebasan Alit and Pebersihan Payasan. Over it is Toya Wadah Pere with tekir contain yellow hulled rice and mix flowers. Along with Lis senjata, coblong with pounded dapdap leaves, arrange Sampian Padma over it. After that fill the Penyeneng and Sampian Nagasari.

16. SOROHAN ALIT / TEBASAN

Sorohan Alit or Tebasan is a symbol of compensation. Example the compensation of deficiency or bad luck. In Banten Pengulapan, Prayascita, Byakaonan, this banten is often there. This banten is consisting of: Peras Tulung, Sayut, Penyeneng Alit. The way to arrange : Fill tulung with rice 2 tumpeng (yellow rice served in a cone shape) Bantal tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers), uli snacks, bagina snacks Fill the sampian plaus with flowers Fill the celemik with salted peanuts 2 tumpeng (yellow rice served in a cone shape), banana, cut-off sugar cane, bantal tape, uli & bagina snacks Fill the Sampian Sayut with flowers Flour and dapdap, hulled rice, sugar cane, waterlily flower, cut into 1. Tetebus thread Arrange according the order : Penyeneng Alit the top Peras Tulung in the center Sesayut the bottom Tie it using rope

17. PABERSIHAN PAYASAN

Materials : Ceper Slepan Bungkulan base Celemik contains : Sugar cane Sisig Cut-off pucuk leaves Fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) Fragrant oil Coarse grass which has tied using tetebus thread Ituk-ituk or iluk-iluk has sampian over it, then fill with flowers and kembang rampe The composition : Iluk-iluk on the top Ceper in the bottom Tie it using rope

18. BANTEN PEJATI

Banten Pejati also called Banten Peras Daksina. Usually this banten is offer in far Temples. Its mean if we want to pray to the Pura Kahyangan Jagat (Heaven World Temples). Either that in order at Piodalan, or if someone have some special aims. It also able for Priest. Materials : Base from tray Aled, big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers) Banana, sugar cane, fruits (zalacca palm fruit, grape, apple, mangosteen, rose-apple and else) Uli snack, bagina snack, apem (rice flour cakes), pasung, jongkong Daksina and the materials Tipat Kelanan and boiled egg 2 tumpeng (yellow rice served in a cone shape) from cone leaf Press skin over the iluk-iluk base Sampian Sodan and Sampian Peras The way to arrange : Banana and sugar cane is place outside, in the center is arrange with Big tape. Next arrange with bagina and uli snacks, beside and backside is also fill with snacks and fruits. Daksina that consist of: Bedogan, hulled rice, pangi (kepayang fruit) then arrange with coconut which has removed it skin, egg which covered with janur (coconut leaf), tangkih and tetebus thread over the coconut, place in behind. Next the Tipat Nasi Kelanan which has arranged over the Ceper Bungkulan, and fill with boiled egg over it, and kojong janur contain flowers is place beside. Press skin filled with Tumpeng Kojong from banana leaves, fill with Tampelan, hulled rice and tetebusan thread. The top is Sampian Sodan and Sampian Peras.

19. DAKSINA
Materials : Duck egg plus tipat taluh (egg tipat) or plekosan taluh from banana leaves Jejantusan Dukun-dukun/ pesel-peselan Tingkih (Candlenut fruit) and pangi (kepayang fruit) Hulled rice Banana and 1 cut of sugar cane Tapak dara Coconut which has removed it skin white teterbus thread cone, porosan and flowers srembeng daksina (janur [coconut leaf], slepan, ental [palm leaf], slaka) The way to arrange : srembeng daksina janur/slepan is fill with a handful of hulled rice, then arrange with tapak dara and next place the coconut. Over the coconut place the egg which covered with tipat taluh/ plekosan banana leaves, tingkih, pangi, cone banana-sugarcane, cone porosanflowers, dukun-dukun and jejantusan plus white tetebus thread. If you have and possible you also can add andel-andel (hole coins, tied up into 1). After every materials is filled, its mean that daksina is done, but the status is as Daksina Banten. To make into Daksina Pelinggih so put inside the Srembeng Daksina Slaka which has filled with wastra but fill with Srembeng Daksina ental before. Wire sumpang fill with various flowers then arrange it so looks nice. After that place in prerai ental and put inside daksina which has done. Kekuwung and lelepe place in front or beside daksina. So Daksina Pelinggih is ready to offer.

20. PESUCIAN
Aled pesucian consist of 5 celemiks (behind 3 celemiks and in front 2 celemiks), 2 mirrors and 1 comb in the center. Separately there is 1 takir consist of hulled rice, kunir (turmeric) and temugiring. Materials: Aled pesucian Fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) and fragrant oil Sugar cane and sisig (traditional cookies uli and begina to be burned until black) Hibiscus leaves chopped very small Tampelan consist of betel leaves Takir with hulled rice, turmeric and temugiring The way to arrange: Aled pesucian 3 celemiks (behind) filled with sisig, sugar cane and hibiscus leaves. While 2 celemiks (in front) filled with fragrant boreh and fragrant oil. Furthermore arrange with tampelan betel leaves, duras pesucian, fragrant flowers and the last is kembang rampe.

21. PENYAPA
Aled penyapa consist of 2 celemiks put in the center and 2 kojong (cone) next to it. Ordinarily penyapa arrange with pesucian. Dominant material is betel leaves filled with areca nut and betel lime. Concord with its name Penyapa its mean to greet. In the past when we are visiting people (friends, neighbor, family) then beside serve with food and also betel leaves, betel lime and areca nut. Materials: Fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) Aled penyapa Tobacco Betel leaves, betel lime, areca nut Takir filled with fragrant flowers and holy water The way to arrange: Tobacco filled in 2 kojongs (cone) penyapa Betel leaves, betel lime, areca nut to be rolled and to be tighten with white tetebus thread. The noun must be odd, like 3,5,7,9,11.

Base metegul ibane (to be tighten by itself) to be stab using

semat/biting (coconut leaf rib splinters sharpened to point) 2 celemiks with fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) and fragrant oil. After that arrange with base tampelan and base metegul ibane Takir filled with fragrance flowers and holy water its put beside.

22. TIPAT KELANAN

Generally tipat kelanan to amount of 6, this tipat can be tipat gatep or tipat nasi. It must be amount of 6. Tipat kelanan ordinarily to attend the other offering such as: pejati, tipat sodan, and others. Materials: Tamas or ceper bungkulan Tipat kelanan (be amount of 6) Boiled egg Kojong (cone) filled with flowers Canang genten The way to arrange: Tamas or ceper bungkulan its above filled with tipat kelanan and then arrange with boiled egg, kojong and canang genten. Then the tipat kelanan will be ready to be offered.

23. TIPAT SODAN

Tipat sodan is sodan offering to be added with kelanan. If the tipat sodan put on dulang or tray, it will be filled with sodan rice and rasmen wadah ceper. If the tipat sodan put on tamas it will be filled with kojong (cone) rice and rasmen konjong (cone). This offering ordinarily necessary for ask tirta (holy water) process in Kahyangan Tiga Temples, at Beji Parks, as Panca Yadnya ceremony. So this tipat sodan is combination of tipat kelanan offering and sodan offering. This tipat sodan also use as punjung offering. For example our neighbor organizing a wedding ceremony, cutting teeth ceremony and others then they will give us punjung offering as a tolerance and asking for bless from their forefather and also asking for protection. For tangkil (like some pilgrimage) in the far away temple we can use tipat sodan as well. As well as lunch on the way back to their homes. The Nah Paridan tipat ordinary to be eat together. Tipat sodan has a meaning as a kerti Pata Sodu Pana. Kerti is mean the fragrant names, Pata means the point, the center, or the origin. Sodu means good, perfect, kosher and Dana means asset, money. So the meaning of Tipat Sodan is Kerti Pata shortened to Tipat, Sodu Dana shortened to Sodan. The meaning of all is the fragrant names from the kosher or perfect assets. Tipat Sodan offering as contains a message that was presented from the work itself not from steeling. It doesnt mean its only for this offering but for all offering of course come from a kosher assets. But Tipat Sodan offering represent that philosophy. And for Otonan Tingkat Nista ceremony beside dapetan offering its also added with this Tipat Sodan offering.

24. TIPAT DAMPULAN

Tipat Dampulan ordinarily to be offered every Kajeng Kliwon day, its once in every 15 days at Jero Gede and Penunggun Karang. In Jero Gede it means at Sanggah Kemulan, Penunggun Karang its mean outside the house. Under the Pelinggih Jero Gede and The Penunggun Karang to be offered segehan poleng and canang genten, incense and arak berem. Materials: Ceper slepan bungkulan or tamas 2 celemiks Banana and sugar cane Porosan Laklak tape (traditional Balinese cookies) Flowers and kembang rampe 1 boiled egg Canang genten The way to arrange: Above the ceper or tamas filled with banana, sugar cane, porosan while behind filled with 2 celemiks, complete with laklak and tape put on it. Above the banana, sugar cane and porosan filled the flowers and Tipat Dampulan 1 boiled egg behind Canang genten its put beside

25. TIPAT GONG

This tipat usually used when the gong and the gambelan to be played. And also attend with Pejati offering, both in the context of the Panca Yadnya ceremony as well as staging. This tipat also to be used as mepinunas (asking) for example: when one of our family got gendongan (kind of disease on neck) then this tipat Gong to be offered at Bale Kulkul, and attend with Pejati. Asking to Sangkara Demigod for recovery. And after the offering has offered the scraped the kulkul with the knife, and the result of the scraped to be used as a medicine to be lubricated on neck. The other case if there is child that already 1.5 years old but cant talk yet, then Tipat Gong and Pejati offering to be offered before the gong and gamelan to be played. And usually its organizing with priest. Materials: Tamas or ceper slepan 2 celemiks Laklak tape snack Banana, sugar cane Boiled egg Tipat gong Canang genten Porosan The way to arrange: Tamas or ceper filled with 2 celemiks its put behind, while banana, sugar cane its put in front and arrange porosan Laklak tape filled into each celemik Above the porosan arrange flowers and kembang rampe Boiled egg and the last is Tipat Gong

26. TIPAT SIRIKAN

26.1. Use for mejauman This offering generally use for mejauman ceremony when the wedding ceremony organized. The bride saying goodbye to her family and ancestors. Ordinary the bride family already prepared the offering to its ceremony at Sanggah Kemulan and at Bale peyadnyan, then the groom family only bring the Tipat Sirikan to the bride house. Tipat Sirikan offering usually called Tipat Bantal. Because of the dominant material of the offering is bantal (traditional cake). Materials: Keben (prepared 10-12) Tipat sirikan (for 1 keben 1 kelan/6 tipat) Jajan bantal (for 1 keben 1 kelan/6 tipat) apem cake (rice flour cake), pasung, jajan seserod, jajan kelepon, kue lapis and so on. It can be added with modern cakes. Canang raka or canang sari The way to arrange: Tipat sirikan put into keben as much as 1 kelan, then jajan bantal as much as 1 kelan Then arrange the other cakes And the last is canang raka or canang sari put into keben and after that covered the keben

26.2. Use for Death Ceremony In the basic, Tipat Sirikan offering is use for death, its almost similar with tipat sirikan offering for wedding ceremony (mejauman). But its just different placement, for wedding ceremony ( mejauman) tipat sirikan offering put on keben, while for death put on klakat. And there is something more to be added from tipat sirikan offering, there is rujak and white-yellow soda, plus side dishes. For more detail, read below: Materials: Foundation from klakat Aled slepan or janur (young coconut leaves) Cooked tipat sirikan 1 kelan (6 tipats) Jajan apem (rice flour cakes), steam cakes, jajan lapis and the other cakes. 12 kekulubs Setakir (a small water container) of rujak White soda foundation from tamas or ceper also the cover Side dishes Canang genten 3 cepers The way to arrange: Aled put on klakat and then arrange with tipat sirikan and bantal on its right and left. While cake put in the center. White yellow soda behind also the side dishes and jajan kekulub Rujak and canang put on the top

27. TIPAT SARI

This tipat usually offered on The Holy Soma Rebek Day, which is 2 days after Sang Hyang Widhi Aji Saraswati ceremony. Or 1 day after the Holy Banyu Pinaruh Day. Same as the other tipat offering, function of this offering is as a sense of gratitude to the God (Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa) for everything that given to us. Materials: Tipat sari Small aled with 4 celemiks and in front of it there are flowers case Jajan laklak tape (Balinese traditional cakes) Salted peanuts, boiled egg Pelas, kecarum, cucumber Flowers and kembang rampe The way to arrange: At the back of the celemik one side filled with jajan laklak tape, and the other side filled with boiled egg. In front of the celemik filled with salted peanuts, while the other side filled with kecarum, pelas and cucumber. In the center its put tipat sari, while kojong (cone) filled with flowers and kembang rampe.

28. OFFERING IN JAVA VERSION FOR THE MIDDLE LEVEL

For gratitude ceremony in the middle level has almost the same material and equipment with the contemptible level. But its added with side dishes like rawon, satay, and opor. And also fruits and janur (young coconut leaves). There is a swan garnish from wood then to be decorated with flowers, fruits and janur (young coconut leaves). Materials: Hanacaraka alphabet (Java-Bali) Tipat lontong, tipat lepet, tipat gambir Spices and special vegetables Foundation from tray, nyiru, ingka, tamas, bowl Side dishes like rawon, opor, satay Fruits and flowers Fruit garnish, plates and banana leaves Swan garnish from wood Areca nut, betel lime, Gambier Rice tipat Takir bulakan padma Takir menyonyo Pottery clay Pane from clay Tipat puyung (empty) and tumpeng (yellow rice served in a cone shape) The way to arrange: Hanacaraka alphabet put in the center Same as kenduri in contemptible level it just added with fruits from tray or ingka, plates put on it. Vase put in the center then fruits around it. Satay putted on the plates and the foundational is ingka while satay spices in the middle Rawon and opor put in the bowl Swan garnish from wood decorated with janur (young coconut leaves) and flowers.

29. TAMPELAN PUNJUNG AND PUNJUNG OFFERING

Tampelan punjung and punjung offering to be used for spirit or ancestral offerings. If the ancestral spirit has not ngaben (cremation ceremony) yet then every holy days like: Galungan, Kuningan, Pagerwesi, Rahinan tumpek, Anggara Kasih, and others, all the family which left must to do offered the offering at the grave. There are some offering that should be offered: Sodan offering contemptible level; or canang jempani, tempelan punjung and canang ganten kembang ura. About canang jempani or sri keliki offering has been study in edition one book and the kembang ura as well. Because of the measure of canang jempani and sri keliki are small, then if we want to added a food which is the spirit favorite so we can use banana leave become the foundation, or it can be takir menyonyo, takir bulakan, or any kind of plate. After we put on the grave, then we put canang jempani, kempang ura and tempelan punjung. Sprinkled with holy water and incense plugged and then call the spirit name to enjoy the food has given. Tampelan punjung consist of: Some kind of plates and banana leaves Base tampelan amount of 3 or 5 2 leave cones Tobacco 3 areca nut The way to arrange: On the plate put 2 leaves cone. The cones filled with tobacco At the back filled with base tampelan which amount of uneven After that arrange the areca nut on it Then covered the plate with the other plate

PUNJUNG OFFERING for ANCESTORS SPIRIT WHO HAVE ALREADY ABEN (CREMATION CEREMONY)
For ancestor spirit who have already aben then the offering should be offered at Peyadnyan at home. Generally Punjung offering same as Sodan offering, it just added with pulu filled with hulled rice, tampelan punjung and pabuan. This offering is consist of: Ordinarily Sodan offering Pabuan filled with areca nut, betel lime, gambier and betel leave Tampelan punjung Favorite food of the ancestor (its not absolute, it can be filled or not)

30. PENYENENG TERAG OFFERING

This Penyeneng Terag offering is the main offering, in every Panca Yadnya ceremony, this Penyeneng Terag offering will always exist. Materials: Big wakul Hulled rice Andel-andel Sesarik (mix of base, hulled rice, fragrant flowers, sandal wood/majegau) Dapdap leaves White tetebus thread 1 tukel Sampian duras bunter jaet guak Sampian penyeneng terag The way to arrange: Big wakul filled with hulled rice from andel-andel Then arrange the sampian penyeneng terag on it Arrange the sampian duras bunter jaet guak on the sampian penyeneng terag. Then filled with sesarik, dapdap leaves and white tetebus thread 1 tukel The shape of Penyeneng Terag and Penyeneng Madia are similar with crown. And the meaning of penyeneng is throne. And the leader or king will always wear a crown on their head. The meaning and the purpose of this penyeneng is when the people have already organized a ceremony for quality development to the Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. So that such position or rank of the increasing. In the other word people must be make a good thing as much as they can then their position will increasing and easier to reach.

31. LIS POWERFUL WEAPONS OFFERING

Lis powerful weapons offering ordinarily to be placed at bale dauh the place of Ida Pemangku/Ida Pedanda praying in Sanggah Kemulan or in Temple (when Piodalan) or in the list of Panca Yadnya ceremony. Materials: Foundation from tetempeh Aled Ceper bungkulan fill with cacalan jajan and jajan uli begina, tape, and 2 bantals (Balinese traditional cakes) Ceper filled with rice plus base tampelan Ceper bungkulan filled with base mategul ibane Pabersihan payasan Coblong and sampian padma first level Payuk pere filled toya anyar (holy water) Sampian bale dangin Lis powerful weapon/main/lis pedanda The way to arrange: On the tetempeh filled with aled from janur (young coconut leaves) for amount 1, 2 or 3 Then arrange ceper filled with jajan cacalan on it, also put ceper with nasi tampelan, ceper with base mategul ibane, pabersihan payasan, coblong with sampian padma first level, payuk pare with holy water. Arrange sampian bale gading on it and the middle of it put the lis powerful weapon. But, put a knife on the offering before you put the lis powerful weapon on the top.

32. BIAKAONAN OFFERING

32.1. Biakaon Nista offering (the most simple)
Materials: Foundation from tray or small nare or tamas sesayut, klakat or small sidi Pabersihan payasan, consist of: Ceper slepan bungkulan fill with celemiks with: sisig, sugar cane, and hibiscus, cereal (soybean, komak [some kind of peanut], botor [some kind of peanuts]), nyahnyah gringsing (cereal that burned, uncooked banana that fried, unripe flavor, dapdap leaves, tasteless flour) On it put the ceper slepan sibakan with 2 celemiks. Consist of: fragrant boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water), fragrant oil, porosan, and arrange ambengan thigh with white tetebus thread On the top is sampian pabersihan payasan, filled with flowers and kembang rampe. Coblong and sampian padma on it Canang genten The way to arrange: Pabersihan payasan put in front of it and added the canang genten While coblong and sampian padma put behind, thus coblong padma filled with toya anyar (holy water that taken from water source/ bulakan/ pancoran).

32.2. Biakaon Madya offering (simple)

Materials: Foundation from sidi (a sieve tools to filter the flour/ sand from rough into refined) Sampian sesayut Lis sapuun Sesayut skin Padma Pesucian Pabersihan payasan Press skin from thorny pandanus Cone rasmen Tumpeng from rice shaped as triangle and packaged by banana leaves and packaged like a pepes Canang genten Jajan (cookies) and fruits added big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers) 2 gantung-gantungan (sasap kojong) The way to arrange: Jajan and boreh (medicinal powder mixed with water) put in front and added with big tape, pabersihan payasan put behind and also coblong and sampian padma, packaged leaves rice and rasmen kojong. Then on it arrange lis senjata sapuun, sampian sesayut which already filled with flowers and porosan.

32.3. The Main Biakaon offering

Materials: Foundation from sidi or ayakan (a sieve tools to filter the flour/ sand from rough into refined) Sesayut skin and sampian sesayut Lis dedeg/wadag Sang urip 2 chicken sampian and 1 duck sampian 2 sasap gantung 22 small tumpengs Coblong and padma Pabersihan payasan Jajan (cookies), fruits, big tape (sweet cake made of slightly fermented rice of tubers) Canang genten Press skin from meduri pandanus Cone rasmen Sorohan alit/tebasan alit The way to arrange: Similar with biakaon madya offering, just the composition are added with lis dedeg, sang urip, sasap gantung, chicken sampian, duck sampian, sesayut skin and sorohan alit.

33. PENJOR
Penjor by Simpen (1985:177), derived from Penyor, which means Penjor. According to most Indonesian Great Dictionary (1994:748), Penjor is the language of Bali, which means an ornament of bamboo (from base to top is decorate using young coconut leaves and so on) for celebration, the villages are filled with the lovely young coconut leaves. Putra said in his book which title Cudamani Alat-Alat Upacara (Tt:14) explain that Penjor is in the past was use when there is a religion ceremony. As we know that there are some kind of penjors like penjor caru, penjor biyukukung, penjor galungan and so on, but the most often use because of the wonderful decoration is penjor galungan. In Weda Basuki Stawa explain that mountain (giri) is the king of dragon which is Naga Nasuki (become mountain= dragon). On the basic mythology the mountain Agung has known as linggih Sang Hyang Naga Basuki. Dragons tail was on top of a mountain and from his tail Sang Hyang Naha Basuki can give life to human and the head of the dragon was in the ocean. In Stawa ocean mentioned that the ocean is called the dragon king, so water is the same with the dragon. In Antaboga Astawa said that the dragon carry this nature. Sudarsana IB. (2000:96), explain that; penjor derived from enyor (Balinese language) its mean ajum or astawa, then got the prefix pe, become peenyor which means pangajum or pagastawa, then has an adaptation with vocal alphabet become penyor and the last is got influence from pressing voice intonation so happen influence consonant alphabet y become j, then become the word penjor. Materials: Janur/ambu (young coconut leaves) Bamboo that arched Leaves (plawa) Completely coconut Sugar cane Pala bungkah (tubers) Pala gantung (fruits) Tutus string And the other equipment

34. ULIHAN GALUNGAN OFFERING

This offering is making at 3 days after galungan. Which is the ceremony since morning at 8am until 11am. Ulihang means to be returned, because the people will celebrate Kuningan ceremony at Sanggah Kemulan/merajan. Materials: Nampan/nare (tray) Aled Jajan (cookies) and fruits Daksina melalung and other Sampian jerimpen nista 2 asap kojong (sasap luh) 11 saiban wadah aled offering Canang genten and ceper filled with rice The way to arrange: Fill the tray with aled, then in front is arranged with jajan and fruits, above it is filled with big tape, and on the top is sampian jerimpen. In behind is hulled rice inside the ceper and arranged with coconut, egg, jejantusan, dukun-dukun, tingkih (candlenut), pangi (daksina melalung). Above it is filled with 2 sasap luh. On the top is arranged by aled filled with rice (11 banten saiban) The way to offered: Under the pelinggih offered with uncaran mantra sesontengan (free language) and the point is to thankful so the galungan ceremony has celebrate in save and peace. Then asking for the prosperity of Kuningan ceremony. Offering consist of: saiban rice wada aled, sampian jerimpen, canang jejantusan, dukun-dukun and tingkih pangi also sasap luh. Arak berem and penastan cecep.